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Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Dec 2:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

d Fuji Oil Holdings Inc , Research Institute for Creating Future , Izumisano , Osaka , Japan.

Soymilk is rich in phytochemicals such as soy isoflavones (SIs) and soyasaponins (SSs). Dietary SIs and SSs display inhibitory effects on contact hypersensitivity (CHS), which was reported in a mouse model for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD); however, the beneficial effects of soymilk consumption on CHS remain unknown. Here, we studied the effects of drinking soymilk on CHS and gut microbiota. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Dec 2:1-8. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , Harokopio University , Athens , Greece.

The aim was to investigate the association between homocysteine (Hcy) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to test the potential moderating role of Mediterranean diet. An age and gender matched case-control study was conducted among 1491 patients with a first ACS event and 3037 adults free of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured using the MedDietScore (range 0-55). Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Dec 4:1-5. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

a Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics , University of Verona , Verona , Italy.

Vitamin C is an organic compound that is almost ubiquitous in the daily diet of individuals. There are clear indications of supplementation when secondary deficiency is detected related with reduced dietary intake or reduced absorption. On the other hand, indications for supplementation concerning an increased need are controversial. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Nov 29:1-10. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

a Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo , Universitat Politècnica de València , Valencia , Spain.

Digestibility of macronutrients depends on the food matrix structure as well as on gastrointestinal conditions, especially in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. In this situation, an oral enzyme supplementation that promotes nutrient hydrolysis is needed. In this context, in the present study, a static in vitro digestion model was used to assess the lipid digestibility of different meat products (processed and fresh), different intestinal conditions of pH (6 or 7), bile concentration (1 or 10 mM) and doses of the enzyme supplement (1000-4000 lipase units/g fat). Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Nov 27:1-10. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

a Department of Radiation Oncology , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China.

This study aimed to clarify the association between serum total cholesterol (TC) levels and overall cancer risk. Study-specific relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using a random-effects model, and dose-response relation was also evaluated. Twelve prospective studies were identified with a total of 1,926,275 participants and 13,1676 cases. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Nov 20:1-9. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

a Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) , Universitat de les Illes Balears , Palma de Mallorca , Spain Illes Balears.

Xanthohumol (XN) is a hop-derived prenylflavonoid and have been reported to exhibit anticancer properties in several types of cancer. It presents a great interest against colon cancer due to high exposure of this compound in this tissue. Metastatic SW620 cell line was treated with doses ranging from 0. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Nov 19:1-7. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

a Department of Food and Drug , University of Parma , Parma , Italy.

Cyclopropane fatty acids (CPFAs) are the most abundant cyclic fatty acids in microorganisms with unknown role(s) regarding their dietary relevance and biological effects in humans. This work was aimed to draw up a list of CPFAs-containing foods for estimating their dietary intake in the Italian population to provide a basis for evaluating their nutritional relevance and potential health-related effects. The CPFAs content of more than 500 food items was investigated and a preliminary dietary intake was assessed (12. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Oct 17:1-11. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

a Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition Laboratory of Lipids Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a supplementation of pomegranate seed oil (PSO), being rich in punicic acid, on the biochemical parameters of healthy rats. PSO was given to the animals intragastrically for 40 days at concentrations of 1%, 2% and 4%. There were no changes in their total body weight gain, their serum biochemical markers, or in the oxidative stress in their tissues. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Oct 10:1-9. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

a Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan.

For over 4000 years, liquorice has been one of the most frequently employed botanicals as a traditional herbal medicine. Although previous reports have found that liquorice flavonoids possess various health beneficial effects, the underlying mechanism responsible for the anti-diabetic effect of liquorice flavonoids remains unclear. The present study demonstrates that liquorice flavonoid oil (LFO) improves type 2 diabetes mellitus through GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane by activating both the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and Akt pathway in muscle of KK-A mice. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Oct 10:1-7. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

a Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo" , Trieste , Italy.

In this work we investigated, in populations located in Central Asia, the relationship between PROP taste perception and vegetables liking and consumption using FAOSTAT dataset. Collected data were analysed using distance matrices, Mantel test and Pearson correlation. Populations showing similar ability in tasting PROP bitterness are more similar as respect to vegetable consumption (r = 0. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Oct 4:1-9. Epub 2018 Oct 4.

a Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.

A total of 1776 Chinese adults, aged 40-60 years, had been recruited to participate in the Hefei Nutrition and Health Study started in 2012. Three major dietary patterns were identified, "High-salt and high-fat", "Traditional Chinese" and "Western" dietary patterns. After adjusting for potential confounders, there is no significant difference in the effect of different dietary pattern quintiles on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 24:1-9. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

c Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion , University of Szczecin , Szczecin , Poland.

The proliferation of the video game era has increased sedentary behaviours among children and adolescents. Contemporary interventions involve the use of video games to introduce fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption among children and adolescents. A comprehensive list of licenced video games (n = 671) released for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) console were reviewed for thematic content and qualitative characteristics of the game's activity relevant to F&V. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 24:1-9. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

c Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.

In the current study, we investigated the association between dietary amino acid ratios and the 3-year incidence of hypertension, conducted in the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study with 4287 adults(41.9% men), aged 20-70 y. Dietary intakes of amino acids were assessed using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire and reported as percentage of protein. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 24:1-8. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

a School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China.

We have previously reported an aqueous extract of fermented barley with Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 (LFBE) has more efficient anti-obesity effect compared with that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To further explore associated effects of LFBE on body weight and body fat distribution, and lipid profiles related metabolic outcomes, serum metabolites were analysed using LC-MS-MS and partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Obese and lean groups were clearly discriminated from each other on PLS-DA score plot and major metabolites contributing to the discrimination were assigned as lipid metabolites (fatty acids), lipid metabolism intermediates (choline, betaine, carnitine and butyryl-carnitine), amino acids and citric acid. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 20:1-14. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia , Italy.

In this study, the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of two cherry cultivars was assessed. The phenolic profile was modified during in vitro digestion, with a considerable decrease of total and individual phenolic compounds. Hydroxycinnamic acids and especially coumaroylquinic acids showed the highest bioaccessibility. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 7:1-12. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

a Nutrition and Food Science Area, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain.

Dietary interventions may effectively control cancer development, with phytosterols (PS) being a class of cancer chemopreventive dietary phytochemicals. The present study, for the first time, evaluates the antiproliferative effects of a PS-ingredient used for the enrichment of several foods and its main PS, β-sitosterol, at physiological serum levels, in the most prevalent cancer cells in women (breast (MCF-7), colon (HCT116) and cervical (HeLa)). In all three cell lines, these compounds induced significant cell viability reduction without a clear time- and dose-dependent response. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 7:1-10. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

f Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria.

Low folate status is a risk factor for birth defects. We studied concentrations of red blood cell (RBC)- and serum folate in 198 German women in relation to information on dietary folate intake, demographic and lifestyle factors. Median serum- and RBC-folate levels were; (14. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 6:1-10. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

a Respiratory and Sleep Diagnostics Department , Connolly Hospital , Dublin , Ireland.

Dietary nitrate may improve exercise tolerance in some healthy and clinical populations. Existing data regarding dietary nitrate in COPD is inconsistent. We conducted a 14d double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of daily nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BRJ; 12. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 6:1-18. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

a Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science , Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Madrid , Spain.

The main phenol in mate and coffee, 5-caffeoylquinic-acid (5-CQA), and its relevant microbial metabolites, dihydrocaffeic (DHCA) and dihydroferulic (DHFA) acids, have shown oxidative-stress protective effects in HepG2 cells. To evaluate possible endothelial-protective effects of the extracts and compounds, endothelial EA.hy926 cells were pre-treated with yerba mate (YME) and green coffee bean (GCBE) phenolic extracts, 5-CQA, DHCA and DHFA and afterwards stressed with tumour-necrosis-factor-alpha (TNF-α). Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Aug 30:1-12. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

a Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology , Aarhus University , Tjele , Denmark.

Intake of red and processed meat increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), whereas dairy product consumption and the intake of dietary fibre are negatively associated with this risk. We investigated the effect of (i) low-protein diets with either whey or cooked meat (beef) as the protein source and (ii) high-protein diets with cooked meat (beef) either without or with the inclusion of 10% butyrylated high-amylose maize starch (HAMSB), on the urinary metabolome of rats. Urine samples from rats were analysed using untargeted LC-MS metabolomics. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Aug 30:1-6. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

a ICBAS/UP - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.

Iodine deficiency remains a worldwide problem with two billion individuals having insufficient iodine intake. Universal salt iodisation was declared by UNICEF and WHO as a safe, cost-effective, and sustainable way to tackle iodine deficiency. In Portugal, the few studies available unravel an iodine status below the WHO guidelines for pregnant women and school-aged children. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Aug 30:1-13. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

a Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , State University of São Paulo (UNESP) , Araraquara , Brazil.

In this study, we first investigated the survival of three probiotic strains, individually and combined with acerola by-product during simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Next, we investigated the effects of acerola by-product combined with Bifidobacterium longum BB-46 on a gut microbiota model (SHIME®). Chemical composition, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity of the acerola by-product and microbial counts, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), ammonium ions ([Formula: see text]) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis of the SHIME® samples were performed. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Aug 30:1-12. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

d National Institute for Nutrition and Health , Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , P.R. China.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of palm olein (POL), cocoa butter (CB) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the lipid profile and low-density lipoprotein subfractions in a young, healthy Chinese population. After screening, 72 subjects were randomly assigned to three groups, and an 18-week randomized crossover trial was conducted. The first phase was a 2-week run-in period, followed by three phases of the 4-week experimental periods with a 2-week washout period between experimental periods. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Aug 30:1-9. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

b Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.

This work aims to evaluate the structure-stability relationship of anthocyanins in cell culture. An early degradation time (T) and half-degradation time (T) were used to characterise the stability of 10 of the most common anthocyanins, incubated with DMEM at 37 °C, pH = 7.4, 5% CO for different time periods. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 30:1-11. Epub 2018 Jul 30.

b College of Traditional Mongolian Medicine and Pharmacy , Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities , Tongliao , China.

Sweet taste is associated with food reward and energy source in the form of carbohydrate. Excessive sweet consumption is blamed for the prevalence of obesity. However, evidence for the potential of sweet taste to influence food intake and bodyweight regulation in humans remains unclear. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 30:1-8. Epub 2018 Jul 30.

b Research Group on Food and Nutrition (ALINUT) , University of Alicante , Alicante , Spain.

The objective was to investigate how socio-economic changes have modified body mass index values and dietary patterns in the Spanish population. A comparative cross-sectional analysis of the last two iterations of the Spanish National Health Survey (SNSH) was done. The independent variables were sex, age, education level, employment situation, and social class. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 26:1-14. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

a Department of Nutrition Food Science and Physiology , Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain.

The objective was to evaluate differences in macronutrient intake and to investigate the possible association between consumption of vegetable protein and the risk of overweight/obesity, within the Food4Me randomised, online intervention. Differences in macronutrient consumption among the participating countries grouped by EU Regions (Western Europe, British Isles, Eastern Europe and Southern Europe) were assessed. Relation of protein intake, within isoenergetic exchange patterns, from vegetable or animal sources with risk of overweight/obesity was assessed through the multivariate nutrient density model and a multivariate-adjusted logistic regression. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 23:1-14. Epub 2018 Jul 23.

a Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de Vigo , Ourense , Spain.

Brassica spp. are good sources of bioactive substances, which are known to have beneficial health effects. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different cooking methods (boiling, steaming, microwaving, pressure cooking and vacuum cooking) on the antioxidant capacity and on the flavonoid, organic acid and mineral contents of Galega kale. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 17:1-10. Epub 2018 Jul 17.

a School of Nutrition and Food Sciences , Louisiana State University Agricultural Center , Baton Rouge , LA , USA.

The effect of alpha-tocopherol (α-TOC) delivered by soluble dietary fibre-based nanofibres (α-TOC-SDNF) on the life span of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans N2 (wild type) and TK22 (mev-1 mutants) with and without heat shock was investigated. Without heat shock, the wild-type and mev-1 mutants maintained in the 100 µg/mL of α-TOC-SDNF had longer life spans than their respective blank control groups. With heat shock, the wild-type N2 in the 200 µg/mL of α-TOC-SDNF had a survival rate of 5% at day 49, while no nematodes survived in the blank control group. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 17:1-11. Epub 2018 Jul 17.

a Faculty of Nutrition , Federal University of Goiás , Goiânia , Brazil.

Tomato pomace, a by-product generated during tomato processing, was collected at a large tomato processing industry. The by-product was mainly constituted of tomato skin (61.5%), and presented high moisture content (66. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 17:1-11. Epub 2018 Jul 17.

a Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Sciences, Section of Animal Sciences , University of Florence , Firenze , Italy.

Physical and chemical parameters of rainbow trout fillets were tested during 120 days of frozen storage and following cooking. The fillets were obtained from rainbow trout-fed diets where dietary fishmeal was substituted with Hermetia illucens meal at 0, 25 and 50% inclusion levels, corresponding to control (C), Hi25, and Hi50 diets. Variations in quality traits of fillets emerged after 30 days of frozen storage, however they remained almost unchanged for the other 90 days. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Dec 13;69(8):969-975. Epub 2018 Jul 13.

a School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , China.

Previous studies have shown that osteopontin (OPN) can enhance infant resistance to infection. However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. Here, we studied the effects of OPN on the development and functions of immune cells in infant rats fed with OPN-enriched formula (OF) compared with regular formula (RF). Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 12. Epub 2018 Jul 12.

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 2:1-10. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

a Nutrition Post-Graduate Program, Federal University of Santa Catarina , Florianopolis , Santa Catarina , Brazil.

Increased superoxide production by phagocytic NADPH oxidase has been associated with inflammatory conditions. Growing evidences suggest that dietary polyphenols may modulate the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits. Herein, we examined whether soluble mate tea (SMT) consumption - a polyphenol-rich beverage - affects the expression of the leukocyte NADPH oxidase protein p47 and/or circulating biomarkers of inflammation and antioxidant biomarkers in humans. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jul 2:1-10. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

a Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Program University Health Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute , Toronto , ON , Canada.

The Mediterranean dietary pattern has been linked with lower incidence of cardiovascular disease and the Mediterranean diet scale (MDS) has been created to incorporate and test the inherent characteristics of this dietary pattern. This study aimed to psychometrically validate a self-administered version of the MDS in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients in Canada. To establish content validity, the scale was reviewed by an expert interdisciplinary panel. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jun 21:1-7. Epub 2018 Jun 21.

c Institute of Food Science of CNR , Avellino , Italy.

We developed and validated a tool assessing the adherence to the Mediterranean diet based on current nutritional recommendations for health promotion (MEDI-Quest). Four-hundred-and-eleven clinically healthy subjects completed both the MEDI-Quest-score and the validated MedDietScore (MDS). A good accordance between MEDI-Quest and MDS was observed (R = 0. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jun 17:1-7. Epub 2018 Jun 17.

b School of Health Sciences, College of Health , Massey University , Palmerston North , New Zealand.

Static digestion in vitro is a commonly used technique for investigating micronutrient availability which allows the nutrients or foods of interest to be exposed to conditions that simulate those found within the stomach and small intestine. The activity of these digestive enzymes throughout their respective simulated digestion phases has been reported to decline due to the autolytic activity of the proteases and therefore incomplete digestion may result. The degree of protease inactivation under commonly simulated digestion conditions requires further quantification. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Jun 11:1-8. Epub 2018 Jun 11.

a Department of Sport Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes Centre for Nutrition and Health , Oxford Brookes University , Oxford , UK.

In light of the updated Eatwell Guide and the corresponding change in the consumption of fruit smoothies, the aim of this study was to measure the glycaemic index and load of two commercial fruit smoothies and to investigate the retention of dietary fibre following production. In vitro analysis was performed to identify fibre material (cellulose and pectins) using calcofluor staining and immunocytochemical labelling. A repeated measures cross-over study was conducted (n 10) to determine the glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) of the smoothies. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 May 31:1-11. Epub 2018 May 31.

a Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , University of Milan , Milano , Italy.

In order to investigate the nutritional quality of industrial-scale sprouted versus unsprouted chickpeas and green peas, before and after cooking, the ultrastructure, chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, starch digestibility, mineral content and accessibility were analysed. Sprouting did not deeply affect raw seed structure, although after cooking starch granules appeared more porous and swelled. Chemical composition of raw sprouted seeds was not strongly affected, excepting an increase in protein (both pulses), and in free sugars (in peas; +10% and +80%, respectively, p < . Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 May 28:1-10. Epub 2018 May 28.

b Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health , University of São Paulo , São Paulo , SP , Brazil.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) encompass ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) and indeterminate colitis (IC), characterising chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, associated with changes in the immune system and in the intestinal microbiota. Thus, probiotics may offer an alternative or adjuvant approach to conventional therapy. The present review aims to summarise the mechanisms of action of probiotics in IBD and their therapeutic effects. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 May 24:1-9. Epub 2018 May 24.

c Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit , Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo , Pavia , Italy.

In Zambia, chronic malnutrition still is one of the most common problem among children. To fight against malnutrition, the easiest short-term solution could be to combine specific types of food with affordable local plants. A large variety of natural food resources grow in Zambia, such as Moringa oleifera (MO), whose leaves are known for their health benefits, but are not consumed much by local populations. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 May 24:1-8. Epub 2018 May 24.

b Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C , Guadalajara , Jalisco , Mexico.

The blueberry is recognised as a source of phenolic compounds that have beneficial effects on human health; however, they possess low bioavailability and can be degraded by gastrointestinal conditions. Encapsulation has been widely used to mitigate these disadvantages; Gum Arabic (GA) and Corn Syrup Solids (CSS) are common carriers used in this technique. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Blueberry Extract (BE), carriers and their mixtures on the kinetic growth and maximal growth rate of probiotics and pathogenic bacteria. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 May 16:1-10. Epub 2018 May 16.

a Department of Food Science and Technology , Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology , Tokyo , Japan.

Cells of Lactobacillus plantarum strains AN1 and Tennozu-SU2 exert anti-inflammatory responses in ICR mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease and protective effects against S. Typhimurium infection in BALB/c mice, respectively. To clarify the existence of L. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 May 17:1-9. Epub 2018 May 17.

a Nutritional Science Program, Public Health Department , Morgan State University , Baltimore , MD , USA.

Studies have suggested that higher meat intake may increase colorectal cancer (CRC) risk while higher vegetable intake may reduce this risk. There is a substantial lag between the time of exposure to a risk factor (or protective factor) and incidence of cancer. For CRC, in particular, the time from formation of adenoma to occurrence of CRC takes from 10 to 15 years, or even more. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 May 11:1-12. Epub 2018 May 11.

a Department of Food Science , University of Guelph , Guelph , ON , Canada.

The typical intervention for iron-deficiency anaemia is through oral supplementation with iron salts, which have unpleasant side effects. Therefore, there is a need for the development of supplements which will be absorbed more effectively and may have fewer side effects. This study investigated the effects of partially hydrolysed pork proteins on the bioavailability of non-haem iron. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 08 2;69(5). Epub 2018 May 2.

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Apr 27:1-10. Epub 2018 Apr 27.

a Department of Nutritional Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX , USA.

Objective: This cross-sectional study assessed the effect of food donations on total nutrient intake of clients of a food pantry in Central Texas.

Methods: Nutrient intakes of total, base and food donation diets were estimated for 112 food pantry recipients using specific questionnaires; and then compared to the dietary reference intakes (DRI) and 2015-2020 US Dietary Guidelines.

Results: Food donations accounted for more than half of the client's daily intake of energy, carbohydrates, vitamin B, phosphorus, copper and selenium. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Apr 26:1-10. Epub 2018 Apr 26.

a Department of Clinical Sciences , Lund University , Malmö , Sweden.

Sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), artificially sweetened beverages (ASB), juice, coffee and tea has been associated with risk of metabolic disease. High consumption of these beverages may be associated with certain characteristics of the overall diet that would be important to take into account when analysing beverage-disease associations. Here, we investigate five beverages and their association with lifestyle and diet in 25,112 individuals from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Apr 19:1-19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

a Department of Food Quality and Nutrition , Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach , San Michele all'Adige , Trento , Italy.

The gut:brain axis is emerging as an important information highway linking the foods we eat with neurophysiological development and functions. Some gut microorganisms have shown to alleviate anxiety and depression, improve cognitive performance and play a role in brain development in early life. However, most studies were conducted in laboratory animals and these findings await confirmation in carefully designed human interventions. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Dec 4;69(8):916-927. Epub 2018 Apr 4.

a Department of Environmental Health Sciences , IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" , Milan , Italy.

This narrative review summarises the main studies of the role of the different fatty acids in coronary heart disease (CHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and the current scientific debate on dietary recommendations. Reduction and substitution of the saturated fatty acids (SFAs) with the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are still the main dietary recommendation to prevent CHD and CVD. In the last few years, however, the strength of the scientific evidence underlying this dietary advice has been questioned. Read More