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Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 18:1-13. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

a IRCCS SDN , Naples , Italy.

This study sought to determine the possible detrimental effects of several low- or non-caloric sweeteners on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), inflammation and behavioural changes in mice. C57BL/6 male mice received low and high dose of natural and artificial sweeteners for 4 weeks. EPCs, physical and biochemical variables, inflammation and behavioural changes were evaluated. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 18:1-11. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

e Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan.

We examined the changes in the heart of rats at the early stages of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes, and whether azuki bean extract (ABE) could influence these changes. The experimental diabetic rats received 0 or 40 mg/kg of ABE orally for 4 weeks, whereas the control group rats received distilled water. 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and expression of proteins associated with peroxisomal FA β-oxidation as well as oxidative stress markers were examined. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 16:1-10. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

a School of Biological and Chemical Engineering , Zhejiang University of Science and Technology , Zhejiang , Hangzhou , China.

After consuming broccoli, isothiocyanates can be produced by the hydrolytic action of myrosinase from plant and/or microbiota. Using male C57BL/6 mice, the present study investigated the effects of broccoli ingestion on the myrosinase-like activity, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) activity, diversity and composition of the gut microbiota. Compared with the control group, continuously feeding raw or hydrolysed broccoli increased the myrosinase-like activities of the colon and caecum contents, and also improved the NQO1 activity of the colon mucosa. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 16:1-12. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

a School of Public Health , Loma Linda University , Loma Linda , CA , USA.

California Health Interview Survey (2005-2015) data were used to examine the association between dietary intake frequencies and mental health - Kessler-6 scores categorised as no/low (NLPD), moderate (MPD) or serious psychological distress (SPD). The 245,891 surveys represented 27.7 million adults annually, with 13. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 15:1-16. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

b Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences , University of Catania , Catania , Italy.

The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of current evidence on fruit and vegetable consumption and health outcomes. A systematic search for quantitative syntheses was performed. Several criteria, including study design, dose-response relationship, heterogeneity and agreement of results over time, and identification of potential confounding factors, were used to assess the level of evidence. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 15:1-11. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

c Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology , University of Navarra , Pamplona , Spain.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of α-lipoic acid (α-LA) on liver mitochondrial bioenergetics and oxidative status for 8 weeks in normal-healthy animals. A pair-fed group was included to differentiate between α-LA direct effects and those changes due to reduced food intake. α-LA decreased body weight gain, liver weight and insulin levels with no differences compared to its pair-fed group. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 15:1-9. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

c Department of Environmental Health , Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA.

The primary health concerns among US firefighters are cardiovascular disease, cancer, and depression and occur in an occupational setting where dietary habits are suboptimal. To understand if a diet or lifestyle modification works in a fire academy training setting, it is important to evaluate the cultural barriers and challenges that might be faced. A semi-structured telephone interview method followed by a focus group was used to gather common themes among fire service leaders. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 15:1-10. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary.

Dietary food, depending on timing, amount and composition can influence gene expression in various tissues. Here, we investigated the effect of high-fat meal diets of different compositions on the gene expression pattern of human skeletal muscle. Gene expression data of skeletal muscle samples from human volunteers prior and 4 h after the consumption of high lipid-containing meal consisting of either saturated-, monounsaturated- or polyunsaturated fatty acids were downloaded from the public repository. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

a Department of Hygiene and Public Health , Nippon Medical School , Bunkyo-Ku , Tokyo , Japan.

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 4:1-5. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

c Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Auxology and Metabolic Diseases, Piancavallo (VB) , Italy.

We have recently shown that population-specific formulae are required to estimate fat-free mass (FFM) from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in obese women with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) matched by age and percent fat mass (FM) to non-PWS women. The present cross-sectional study was aimed at developing generalised BIA equations that could be used in PWS subjects independently of sex and FM. We used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure FFM and BIA to measure whole-body impedance at 50 kHz (Z) in 34 women and 21 men with PWS. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Feb 1:1-13. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

b Biotechnology of Natural Products, Center of Life and Food Science Weihenstephan , Technical University of Munich , Freising , Germany.

The present work studied the effect of the year of harvest, the genotype and the cultivation method on the nutritional quality and the allergen content of three plum cultivars. The common quality parameters and the phytochemical content strongly varied with the year and the cultivar, while the system of cultivation had a minor influence. In particular, ascorbic acid greatly decreased in 2016 compared to 2015, while polyphenols were higher in 2016. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 14:1-15. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

a Division of Aquaculture and Upgrading , Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, IPMA , Lisboa , Portugal.

Fish contain healthy nutrients, such as ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which protect against cardiovascular disease, and selenium (Se), which reduces methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity. Fish are also a dietary source of MeHg. This requires an assessment of the benefits versus risks. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 11:1-22. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

a School of Pharmacy , Monash University Malaysia , Selangor , Malaysia.

There is a high and increasing global prevalence of nutraceuticals use. This study aims to systematically review and critically appraise all available evidence to identify the factors affecting consumers' decisions in taking nutraceuticals. Questionnaire, interview or focus group studies which directly reported factors affecting consumers' decisions in using nutraceuticals were included. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 11:1-11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

a Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology , Gdańsk University of Technology , Gdańsk , Poland.

Betalains are a group of plant originated pigments with chemopreventive potential. The aim of this study was to relate the composition of betalains and chosen biological activities (antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-genotoxic and influence on enzymatic activities) for extracts from differently pigmented varieties of prickly pear (yellow, orange and red) and beetroot (white and red). The assumption was that phytocomplexes of tested varieties of the same plant species would exhibit generally similar chemical composition differing mostly in betalain content, which will be reflected by their biological activity. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 11:1-11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

a College of Public Health , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China.

The association between coffee consumption and pancreatic cancer risk has been extensively studied; however, there is no consistent conclusion. Therefore, this meta-analysis study sought to evaluate dose-response relationship between them. A search was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 9:1-11. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

a Australasian Research Institute , Sydney Adventist Hospital , Wahroonga , Australia.

Fish oils oxidise readily, forming primary and secondary oxidation products, which may be harmful for humans. Some recent studies reported that fish oil supplements in Australasia are oxidised above acceptable international limits, however other studies reported low levels of oxidation. This study employed peroxide and p-anisidine values determination to measure primary and secondary oxidation of fish oils in the Australian market. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 9:1-8. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

d School of Bio-science and Biotechnology , Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedker University (A Central University) , Lucknow , India.

The present investigation demonstrates the longevity-promoting effects of 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol (isoprenol) in the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans that might be served as a lead nutraceutical in geriatric research. Our results showed that 0.5 mM isoprenol extended the mean lifespan of worms by 25% in comparison to control worms. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 9:1-9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

b Department of Nutrition and Food Safety School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China.

Sulforaphane (SFN) is the major component extracted from broccoli/broccoli sprouts. It has been shown to possess anti-cancer activity. Gastric cancer is common cancer worldwide. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 9:1-7. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

b Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin , China.

To examine the association between blood cholesterol concentrations and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the Chinese elderly. A case-control study was implemented between November 2011 and November 2017. Elderly patients aged ≥ 55 years with (n = 117) and without AD (control participants; n = 117) were recruited from the Neurology Central Hospital of Tianjin, China. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 9:1-14. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

a Department of Urology , Medical Nutrition Science, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany.

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of a 3-month weight-loss-stabilization phase (phase 2) following a successful 3-month weight-loss phase (phase 1), including a conventional energy-restricted diet with (MR) or without (C) meal replacement, on the cardiometabolic risk profile in 80 overweight women. In phase 2, both groups continued to significantly reduce weight and sustained the significant decreases in waist circumference and LDL-C. During the study, folic acid concentration significantly increased in the MR-group, while homocysteine concentration significantly worsened in the C-group. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 8:1-8. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

a Departamento de Biociências , Universidade Federal de São Paulo , Santos , Brasil.

This study aimed at evaluating the ingredients and nutritional information of commercially-available gluten-free bread (GFB) in Brazil. A total of 128 products were studied, of which 87% presented the sandwich loaf shape. Traditional GFBs (n = 114) had as main ingredient the refined rice flour and starches, whereas alternative ones (n = 14) presented whole rice flour. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 7:1-11. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

b NUTRIPASS, IRD, SupAgro , University of Montpellier , Montpellier , France.

The effects of soaking and cooking on soluble sugars, alpha-galacto-oligosaccharides (α-GOS) and soluble dietary fibres (SDF) and insoluble dietary fibres (IDF) were assessed in five legumes (lentil, chickpea, fenugreek, faba bean and Egyptian faba bean). In raw seeds, total α-GOS content ranged from 2500 mg/100 g (chickpea) to over 4000 mg/100 g (fenugreek). Stachyose was predominant in fenugreek, lentil and chickpea, whereas verbascose was the main α-GOS in faba bean and Egyptian faba bean. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 7:1-7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

a Department of Medical Biology , University of Split, School of Medicine , Split , Croatia.

Although the effect of isolated nutrients on plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) is somewhat familiar, the effect of multiple nutrients on plasma PTH level has not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to identify groups of food items that are associated with the plasma PTH level in healthy individuals. This cross-sectional study enrolled 1180 healthy individuals from Croatia with plasma PTH levels inside the referent values. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 2:1-11. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

a School of Allied Health Sciences , Griffith University , Southport , Australia.

Smoothies are popular breakfast foods. This study examined the effect of consuming Cereal & Milk (CM) or a nutritionally-comparable Fruit Smoothie (FS) for breakfast on daily energy intake (EI) in free-living adults and the extent to which individuals compensated for calories ingested in a High Energy Fruit Smoothie (HE). Ten participants (28. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Jan 2:1-12. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

c Department of Cardiology , First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University , Urumqi , China.

The ingestion of tea flavonoids (TF) and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) contributes to anti-hyperlipidaemia. In the current study, TF or FOS or TF together with FOS were orally administrated to mice fed a high sucrose (HS) diet. UPLC-MS analyses showed that FOS significantly increased the concentrations of urine catechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate and gallocatechin gallate. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Dec 20:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

d Department of Nutrition and Food Science , University of Maryland , College Park , ML , USA.

In this study, the impact of dietary sn-2 palmitic triacylglycerol (sn-2 PTAG) on faecal lipids, calcium excretion and lipid metabolic alternation was investigated in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed with high-fat diet containing either palm olein (PO, sn-2 palmitic acid (PA) of 14.8%), sn-2 PTAG50 (sn-2 PA of 56.4%) or sn-2 PTAG70 (sn-2 PA of 72. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Dec 2:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

d Fuji Oil Holdings Inc , Research Institute for Creating Future , Izumisano , Osaka , Japan.

Soymilk is rich in phytochemicals such as soy isoflavones (SIs) and soyasaponins (SSs). Dietary SIs and SSs display inhibitory effects on contact hypersensitivity (CHS), which was reported in a mouse model for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD); however, the beneficial effects of soymilk consumption on CHS remain unknown. Here, we studied the effects of drinking soymilk on CHS and gut microbiota. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Dec 2:1-8. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

a Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , Harokopio University , Athens , Greece.

The aim was to investigate the association between homocysteine (Hcy) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to test the potential moderating role of Mediterranean diet. An age and gender matched case-control study was conducted among 1491 patients with a first ACS event and 3037 adults free of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured using the MedDietScore (range 0-55). Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Dec 4:1-5. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

a Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics , University of Verona , Verona , Italy.

Vitamin C is an organic compound that is almost ubiquitous in the daily diet of individuals. There are clear indications of supplementation when secondary deficiency is detected related with reduced dietary intake or reduced absorption. On the other hand, indications for supplementation concerning an increased need are controversial. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Nov 29:1-10. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

a Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo , Universitat Politècnica de València , Valencia , Spain.

Digestibility of macronutrients depends on the food matrix structure as well as on gastrointestinal conditions, especially in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. In this situation, an oral enzyme supplementation that promotes nutrient hydrolysis is needed. In this context, in the present study, a static in vitro digestion model was used to assess the lipid digestibility of different meat products (processed and fresh), different intestinal conditions of pH (6 or 7), bile concentration (1 or 10 mM) and doses of the enzyme supplement (1000-4000 lipase units/g fat). Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Nov 27:1-10. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

a Department of Radiation Oncology , Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China.

This study aimed to clarify the association between serum total cholesterol (TC) levels and overall cancer risk. Study-specific relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using a random-effects model, and dose-response relation was also evaluated. Twelve prospective studies were identified with a total of 1,926,275 participants and 13,1676 cases. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Nov 20:1-9. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

a Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) , Universitat de les Illes Balears , Palma de Mallorca , Spain Illes Balears.

Xanthohumol (XN) is a hop-derived prenylflavonoid and have been reported to exhibit anticancer properties in several types of cancer. It presents a great interest against colon cancer due to high exposure of this compound in this tissue. Metastatic SW620 cell line was treated with doses ranging from 0. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Nov 19:1-7. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

a Department of Food and Drug , University of Parma , Parma , Italy.

Cyclopropane fatty acids (CPFAs) are the most abundant cyclic fatty acids in microorganisms with unknown role(s) regarding their dietary relevance and biological effects in humans. This work was aimed to draw up a list of CPFAs-containing foods for estimating their dietary intake in the Italian population to provide a basis for evaluating their nutritional relevance and potential health-related effects. The CPFAs content of more than 500 food items was investigated and a preliminary dietary intake was assessed (12. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Oct 17:1-11. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

a Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition Laboratory of Lipids Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a supplementation of pomegranate seed oil (PSO), being rich in punicic acid, on the biochemical parameters of healthy rats. PSO was given to the animals intragastrically for 40 days at concentrations of 1%, 2% and 4%. There were no changes in their total body weight gain, their serum biochemical markers, or in the oxidative stress in their tissues. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Oct 10:1-9. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

a Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Kobe University , Kobe , Japan.

For over 4000 years, liquorice has been one of the most frequently employed botanicals as a traditional herbal medicine. Although previous reports have found that liquorice flavonoids possess various health beneficial effects, the underlying mechanism responsible for the anti-diabetic effect of liquorice flavonoids remains unclear. The present study demonstrates that liquorice flavonoid oil (LFO) improves type 2 diabetes mellitus through GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane by activating both the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and Akt pathway in muscle of KK-A mice. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Oct 10:1-7. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

a Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo" , Trieste , Italy.

In this work we investigated, in populations located in Central Asia, the relationship between PROP taste perception and vegetables liking and consumption using FAOSTAT dataset. Collected data were analysed using distance matrices, Mantel test and Pearson correlation. Populations showing similar ability in tasting PROP bitterness are more similar as respect to vegetable consumption (r = 0. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Oct 4:1-9. Epub 2018 Oct 4.

a Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health , Anhui Medical University , Hefei , China.

A total of 1776 Chinese adults, aged 40-60 years, had been recruited to participate in the Hefei Nutrition and Health Study started in 2012. Three major dietary patterns were identified, "High-salt and high-fat", "Traditional Chinese" and "Western" dietary patterns. After adjusting for potential confounders, there is no significant difference in the effect of different dietary pattern quintiles on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 24:1-9. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

c Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion , University of Szczecin , Szczecin , Poland.

The proliferation of the video game era has increased sedentary behaviours among children and adolescents. Contemporary interventions involve the use of video games to introduce fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption among children and adolescents. A comprehensive list of licenced video games (n = 671) released for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) console were reviewed for thematic content and qualitative characteristics of the game's activity relevant to F&V. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 24:1-9. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

c Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.

In the current study, we investigated the association between dietary amino acid ratios and the 3-year incidence of hypertension, conducted in the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study with 4287 adults(41.9% men), aged 20-70 y. Dietary intakes of amino acids were assessed using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire and reported as percentage of protein. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 24:1-8. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

a School of Food and Biological Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , China.

We have previously reported an aqueous extract of fermented barley with Lactobacillus plantarum dy-1 (LFBE) has more efficient anti-obesity effect compared with that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To further explore associated effects of LFBE on body weight and body fat distribution, and lipid profiles related metabolic outcomes, serum metabolites were analysed using LC-MS-MS and partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Obese and lean groups were clearly discriminated from each other on PLS-DA score plot and major metabolites contributing to the discrimination were assigned as lipid metabolites (fatty acids), lipid metabolism intermediates (choline, betaine, carnitine and butyryl-carnitine), amino acids and citric acid. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 20:1-14. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

a Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia , Italy.

In this study, the bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of two cherry cultivars was assessed. The phenolic profile was modified during in vitro digestion, with a considerable decrease of total and individual phenolic compounds. Hydroxycinnamic acids and especially coumaroylquinic acids showed the highest bioaccessibility. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 7:1-12. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

a Nutrition and Food Science Area, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain.

Dietary interventions may effectively control cancer development, with phytosterols (PS) being a class of cancer chemopreventive dietary phytochemicals. The present study, for the first time, evaluates the antiproliferative effects of a PS-ingredient used for the enrichment of several foods and its main PS, β-sitosterol, at physiological serum levels, in the most prevalent cancer cells in women (breast (MCF-7), colon (HCT116) and cervical (HeLa)). In all three cell lines, these compounds induced significant cell viability reduction without a clear time- and dose-dependent response. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 7:1-10. Epub 2018 Sep 7.

f Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria.

Low folate status is a risk factor for birth defects. We studied concentrations of red blood cell (RBC)- and serum folate in 198 German women in relation to information on dietary folate intake, demographic and lifestyle factors. Median serum- and RBC-folate levels were; (14. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Mar 6;70(2):222-231. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

a Respiratory and Sleep Diagnostics Department , Connolly Hospital , Dublin , Ireland.

Dietary nitrate may improve exercise tolerance in some healthy and clinical populations. Existing data regarding dietary nitrate in COPD is inconsistent. We conducted a 14d double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of daily nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BRJ; 12. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Sep 6:1-18. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

a Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science , Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) , Madrid , Spain.

The main phenol in mate and coffee, 5-caffeoylquinic-acid (5-CQA), and its relevant microbial metabolites, dihydrocaffeic (DHCA) and dihydroferulic (DHFA) acids, have shown oxidative-stress protective effects in HepG2 cells. To evaluate possible endothelial-protective effects of the extracts and compounds, endothelial EA.hy926 cells were pre-treated with yerba mate (YME) and green coffee bean (GCBE) phenolic extracts, 5-CQA, DHCA and DHFA and afterwards stressed with tumour-necrosis-factor-alpha (TNF-α). Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Aug 30:1-12. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

a Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology , Aarhus University , Tjele , Denmark.

Intake of red and processed meat increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), whereas dairy product consumption and the intake of dietary fibre are negatively associated with this risk. We investigated the effect of (i) low-protein diets with either whey or cooked meat (beef) as the protein source and (ii) high-protein diets with cooked meat (beef) either without or with the inclusion of 10% butyrylated high-amylose maize starch (HAMSB), on the urinary metabolome of rats. Urine samples from rats were analysed using untargeted LC-MS metabolomics. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Aug 30:1-6. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

a ICBAS/UP - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal.

Iodine deficiency remains a worldwide problem with two billion individuals having insufficient iodine intake. Universal salt iodisation was declared by UNICEF and WHO as a safe, cost-effective, and sustainable way to tackle iodine deficiency. In Portugal, the few studies available unravel an iodine status below the WHO guidelines for pregnant women and school-aged children. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019 Mar 30;70(2):182-194. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

a Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , State University of São Paulo (UNESP) , Araraquara , Brazil.

In this study, we first investigated the survival of three probiotic strains, individually and combined with acerola by-product during simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Next, we investigated the effects of acerola by-product combined with Bifidobacterium longum BB-46 on a gut microbiota model (SHIME®). Chemical composition, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity of the acerola by-product and microbial counts, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), ammonium ions ( ) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis of the SHIME® samples were performed. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Aug 30:1-12. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

d National Institute for Nutrition and Health , Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , P.R. China.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of palm olein (POL), cocoa butter (CB) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on the lipid profile and low-density lipoprotein subfractions in a young, healthy Chinese population. After screening, 72 subjects were randomly assigned to three groups, and an 18-week randomized crossover trial was conducted. The first phase was a 2-week run-in period, followed by three phases of the 4-week experimental periods with a 2-week washout period between experimental periods. Read More

Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018 Aug 30:1-9. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

b Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.

This work aims to evaluate the structure-stability relationship of anthocyanins in cell culture. An early degradation time (T) and half-degradation time (T) were used to characterise the stability of 10 of the most common anthocyanins, incubated with DMEM at 37 °C, pH = 7.4, 5% CO for different time periods. Read More