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Blood Purif 2018 Dec 6:1-7. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition often associated with a high incidence of multiple organs injury. Several papers suggested the immune response by itself, with the production of humoral inflammatory mediators, is crucial in determining organ injury. However, little is known of how sepsis directly induces organ injury at the cellular levels. Read More

Early Hum Dev 2018 Dec 3;128:48-54. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of parent-reported child behaviors on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to cognition, language, and motor skills on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development - III (Bayley-III) in toddlers born extremely preterm.

Study Design: Toddlers born extremely preterm (gestational ages 22 0/7 to 26 6/7 weeks) were tested at 22-26 months corrected age with Bayley-III while parents completed the CBCL. Socio-demographic variables and medical history were recorded. Read More

Epilepsy Behav 2018 Dec 3;90:79-83. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

'Sapienza' University of Rome, Human Neuroscience Department, Rome, Italy.

We investigated the online behavior of Internet users consulting the website of the Italian Chapter of the International League Against Epilepsy (Lega Italiana Contro l'Epilessia [LICE]). We obtained the visualization statistics of the LICE website using AWStats (https://awstats.sourceforge. Read More

Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018 Aug 25;210:398-404. Epub 2018 Aug 25.

Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry& Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China. Electronic address:

Immoderate intake of nitrite (NO) is deleterious human health and may result in causing dangerous diseases. In this study, nitrite detection system was successfully fabricated based on a unique diazo-coupling reaction of p‑Aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and phloroglucinol (1, 3, 5‑trihydroxybenzene). Upon the presence of NO in an acid medium, p‑Aminobenzoic acid could not only form diazonium ion easily but also couple with p‑Aminobenzoic acid, and results forming yellow water-soluble azo dye that shows maximum absorption at 434 nm. Read More

Environ Int 2018 Dec 3;123:124-131. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

MRC/PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy. Electronic address:

Exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been associated with adverse health outcomes but underlying biological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Two randomized crossover trials were used here, the Oxford Street II (London) and the TAPAS II (Barcelona) studies, where volunteers were allocated to high or low air pollution exposures. The two locations represent different exposure scenarios, with Oxford Street characterized by diesel vehicles and Barcelona by normal mixed urban traffic. Read More

Psychiatry Res 2018 Aug 7;271:306-310. Epub 2018 Aug 7.

Translational Science on Brain Disorders, Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to assess the association between anhedonia and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a well-characterized community sample of individuals with a current depressive episode. This is a cross-sectional study with young adults aged 24-30 years old. Depressive episode and the presence of anhedonia was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview - Plus version (MINI Plus). Read More

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.

Non-graft-versus-host disease (non-GVHD) ocular complications are generally uncommon after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), but can cause prolonged morbidity affecting activities of daily living and quality of life. Here we provide an expert review of non-GVHD ocular complications in a collaboration between transplant physicians and ophthalmologists through the Late Effects and Quality of Life Working Committee of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and the Transplant Complications Working Party of the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Complications discussed in this review include cataracts, glaucoma, ocular infections, ocular involvement with malignancy, ischemic microvascular retinopathy, central retinal vein occlusion, retinal hemorrhage, retinal detachment and ocular toxicities associated with medications. Read More

J Thorac Oncol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Tokyo Medical University Hospital, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan.

Introduction: The study objective was to determine the incidence and characteristics of drug-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with an orally available small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor, crizotinib in the real-world clinical setting.

Methods: Post-marketing surveillance was performed in Japan to obtain information on the safety and efficacy of crizotinib. Target patients included all patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received crizotinib, during the enrollment period between May 2012 and December 2014. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.

Introduction: Anthrax is caused by the spore-forming, Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The aim of the study was to predict the potential distribution of B. anthracis in Tanzania and produce epidemiological evidence for management of anthrax outbreaks in the country. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

National Center for Research and Development of Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng 475004, China. Electronic address:

Two novel polysaccharides were obtained from flowers of Apocynum venetum L., and named as Vp2a-II and Vp3. Their average molecular weights were 7 kDa and 9 kDa, respectively. Read More

J Microbiol Methods 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Indian Council Agricultural Research-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, India. Electronic address:

Brucellosis in pigs, caused by the bacterium Brucella suis, is an important zoonotic infection. In the present study, fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) was standardized and compared with indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) and competitive ELISA (cELISA) for diagnosis of porcine brucellosis. Test performances were evaluated using representative panel (n = 100), samples from swine brucellosis outbreak (n = 300), samples from brucellosis suspected animals (n = 291) and sera samples from apparently healthy animals (n = 1121). Read More

Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Northwestern University, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago, IL, USA; Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Center for Healthcare Studies, Institute for Public Health in Medicine, Chicago, IL.

Background: In patients with endometrial cancer sentinel lymphadenectomy is used to accurately prognosticate extent of disease and has been proposed as a method to decrease the incidence of medical and surgical complications associated with more extensive lymphadenectomy. It is unknown if patients who undergo traditional lymphadenectomy experience major postoperative complications at the same rates as those who undergo sentinel lymphadenectomy or those who do not undergo lymphadenectomy.

Objective: To compare the incidence of major postoperative complications among endometrial cancer patients undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy with traditional lymphadenectomy versus sentinel or no lymphadenectomy. Read More

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2018 11 30;56(4):395-409. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Gutiérrez”, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Endocrinología Experimental. Ciudad de México, México

More than 70% of the population in Mexico is overweight or obese, affecting mainly people in productive age. Obesity is associated with the development of diseases that increase cardiovascular risk (diabetes mellitus, hypertension or atherogenic dyslipidemia), diseases that limit the quality of life of the patient (osteoarthrosis or sleep apnea) and even with the increase in the incidence of certain types of cancer (breast or colon). It is evident that the decrease of at least 5% of body weight induces improvement in all these factors; however, in some patients it is difficult to achieve this goal only with lifestyle modifications. Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 May-Jun;32(3):134-139

Instituto Allende de Cirugía Reconstructiva de los Miembros, Córdoba-Argentina.

Background: The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) defines pain as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Total knee arthroplasty is one of the orthopedic surgeries that manifests more pain in the first 24-48 hours, needing a multimodal analgesic therapy. The objective of this work is to compare two different intravenous analgesic modes applied to patients undergoing a primary total knee arthroplasty, analyzing the quality of pain control, hospital stay and costs. Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 May-Jun;32(3):131-133

Clínica de Detección y Diagnóstico Automatizado, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Ciudad de México.

Background: Osteoporosis is a public health problem worldwide, affecting more than 200 million people. It is estimated that 30 to 50% of postmenopausal women suffer from it. According to the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), osteoporosis is a disease characterized by a decrease in the density and quality of bones. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 5;12:CD009269. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

BC Centre on Substance Use, BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 611 Powell Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6A 1H2.

Background: Problem alcohol use is common among people who use illicit drugs (PWID) and is associated with adverse health outcomes. It is also an important factor contributing to a poor prognosis among drug users with hepatitis C virus (HCV) as it impacts on progression to hepatic cirrhosis or opioid overdose in PWID.

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions to reduce alcohol consumption in PWID (users of opioids and stimulants). Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 5;12:CD006975. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Paediatrics, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, PMB 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria, 540261.

Background: Salmonella infections are a common bacterial cause of invasive disease in people with sickle cell disease especially children, and are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Although available in some centres, people with sickle cell anaemia are not routinely immunized with salmonella vaccines. This is an update of a previously published Cochrane Review. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD011644. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, Royal Free Hospital and the UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive Health, London, UK.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-stranded RNA (ribonucleic acid) virus that has the potential to cause inflammation of the liver. The traditional definition of acute HCV infection is the first six months following infection with the virus. Another commonly used definition of acute HCV infection is the absence of HCV antibody and subsequent seroconversion (presence of HCV antibody in a person who was previously negative for HCV antibody). Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013186. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are high-risk skin cancers which have the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early curable cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013189. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers, which have the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised, with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013187. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management, reduce morbidity and improve survival. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised to the skin but has potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue, while cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and melanoma have a much higher potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death. Exfoliative cytology is a non-invasive test that uses the Tzanck smear technique to identify disease by examining the structure of cells obtained from scraped samples. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD011901. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is important to guide appropriate management, to reduce morbidity and to improve survival. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is almost always a localised skin cancer with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue, whereas a minority of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) and invasive melanomas are higher-risk skin cancers with the potential to metastasise and cause death. Dermoscopy has become an important tool to assist specialist clinicians in the diagnosis of melanoma, and is increasingly used in primary-care settings. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013191. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is important to guide appropriate management and improve morbidity and survival. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually a localised skin cancer but with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue, whereas cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and melanoma are higher risk skin cancers with the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death. When used in conjunction with clinical or dermoscopic suspicion of malignancy, or both, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) may help to identify cancers eligible for non-surgical treatment without the need for a diagnostic biopsy, particularly in people with suspected BCC. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013193. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers which have the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early curable cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013192. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Melanoma accounts for a small proportion of all skin cancer cases but is responsible for most skin cancer-related deaths. Early detection and treatment can improve survival. Smartphone applications are readily accessible and potentially offer an instant risk assessment of the likelihood of malignancy so that the right people seek further medical attention from a clinician for more detailed assessment of the lesion. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013194. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Melanoma has one of the fastest rising incidence rates of any cancer. It accounts for a small percentage of skin cancer cases but is responsible for the majority of skin cancer deaths. History-taking and visual inspection of a suspicious lesion by a clinician is usually the first in a series of 'tests' to diagnose skin cancer. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013188. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early, accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers with the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised, with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early curable cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD011902. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Melanoma has one of the fastest rising incidence rates of any cancer. It accounts for a small percentage of skin cancer cases but is responsible for the majority of skin cancer deaths. Although history-taking and visual inspection of a suspicious lesion by a clinician are usually the first in a series of 'tests' to diagnose skin cancer, dermoscopy has become an important tool to assist diagnosis by specialist clinicians and is increasingly used in primary care settings. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 11 30;11:CD003177. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, UK, NR4 7TJ.

Background: Researchers have suggested that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from oily fish (long-chain omega-3 (LCn3), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)), as well as from plants (alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)) benefit cardiovascular health. Guidelines recommend increasing omega-3-rich foods, and sometimes supplementation, but recent trials have not confirmed this.

Objectives: To assess effects of increased intake of fish- and plant-based omega-3 for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular (CVD) events, adiposity and lipids. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208525. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of International Health and Collaboration, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan.

Objective: To examine the possibility of diagnosing the double burden of malnutrition using estimated deviation values in low- and lower-middle-income countries.

Methods: A modified version of the Japanese Diagnostic Tool was used. Data on 194 countries were analyzed, including data from the United Nations International Children's Fund, World Health Organization and World Bank. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208575. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Background: A key mechanism thought to underlie Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is enhanced emotional memory consolidation. Recent evidence in healthy controls revealed that women have greater negative memory consolidation following stress relative to men. This study examined emotional memory consolidation in women and men with PTSD, and in trauma-exposed and non-trauma controls to test the hypothesis that emotionally negative memory consolidation would be greater in women with PTSD. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208495. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.

Background: Re-biopsy by bronchoscopy is an important part of treatment for patients with relapsed lung cancer; however, some patients refuse to undergo a re-examination due to discomfort during their first bronchoscopy. The aim of the present study was to determine factors causing discomfort during bronchoscopy and to identify the factors that affect patients' reluctance to undergo repeat examinations via a questionnaire administered immediately after the initial bronchoscopy.

Methods And Findings: We evaluated 283 patients who underwent bronchoscopy at Chiba University Hospital between September 2015 and March 2017. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208402. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia.

Background: Malaysia has a comprehensive, publicly-funded immunization program for hepatitis B (HepB) among infants, but adults must pay for the vaccine. The number of HepB carriers among adults is expected to increase in the future; therefore, we examined the impact of five constructs (cues to action, perceived barriers, perceived benefit, perceived severity, and perceived susceptibility) on adults' willingness to pay (WTP) for HepB vaccine; secondarily, we examined the association between perceived barriers and perceived benefits.

Methods: Adults were selected through a stratified, two-stage cluster community sample in Selangor, Malaysia. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208427. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is often linked with impaired proximal insulin signaling. Hence, a therapeutic agent that enhances cellular glucose uptake without requiring proximal insulin signaling would be desirable for improving glycemic control. The E4orf1 peptide (E4) derived from human adenovirus 36 (Ad36) promotes cellular glucose uptake in vitro and in vivo, independent of insulin. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208403. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

University of Portsmouth, Department of Psychology, Portsmouth, United Kingdom.

Research in perception and recognition demonstrates that a current decision (i) can be influenced by previous ones (i-j), meaning that subsequent responses are not always independent. Experiments 1 and 2 tested whether initial showup identification decisions impact choosing behavior for subsequent showup identification responses. Participants watched a mock crime film involving three perpetrators and later made three showup identification decisions, one showup for each perpetrator. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0202622. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Men who have sex with men (MSM) is the major risk population of HIV-1 infection in Taiwan, and its surveillance has become critical in HIV-1 prevention. We recruited MSM subjects from 17 high-risk venues and 4 community centers in northern and southern Taiwan for anonymous HIV-1 screening during 2013-2015. Blood samples were obtained for genotyping and phylogenetic analysis, and a questionnaire survey covering demographic variables and social behavior was conducted. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0206074. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

United States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, United States of America.

The Tathmini GBV study was a cluster randomized trial to assess the impact of a comprehensive health facility- and community-based program delivered through the HIV/AIDS program platform on reduction in gender-based violence and improved care for survivors. Twelve health facilities and surrounding communities in the Mbeya Region of Tanzania were randomly assigned to intervention or control arms. Population-level effects were measured through two cross-sectional household surveys of women ages 15-49, at baseline (n = 1,299) and at 28 months following program scale-out (n = 1,250). Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 Dec 6;12(12):e0006845. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Background: Diseases caused by Aedes-borne viruses, such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever, are emerging and reemerging globally. The causes are multifactorial and include global trade, international travel, urbanisation, water storage practices, lack of resources for intervention, and an inadequate evidence base for the public health impact of Aedes control tools. National authorities need comprehensive evidence-based guidance on how and when to implement Aedes control measures tailored to local entomological and epidemiological conditions. Read More

J Assoc Genet Technol 2018 ;44(4):141-145

Allina Health, Minneapolis, MN.

Objectives: Double-hit lymphomas represent 5% of cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL). They are currently recognized as highgrade B-cell lymphomas (HGBCL) with rearrangements of MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 by the 2016 WHO classification. One of these rearrangements is the translocation of the BCL2 gene (18q21. Read More

Acta Med Port 2018 Nov 30;31(11):680-690. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Unidade de Saúde Familiar S. Julião. Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde de Lisboa Ocidental e Oeiras. Lisboa. Portugal.

Introduction: Female sexual dysfunction is a common problem, affecting more than 1/3 of women during their lives. The aim of this review is to review the evidence for the effectiveness of testosterone in sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women, particularly in the improvement of sexual desire.

Material And Methods: The authors searched in international databases National Guidelines Clearinghouse, Guidelines Finder, Cochrane Library and MEDLINE/PubMed, for guidelines, systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials, published between January 2005 and February 2017, using the MeSH terms 'testosterone', 'androgens', 'libido', 'sexual dysfunctions' and 'menopause'. Read More

Acta Med Port 2018 Nov 30;31(11):661-669. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Serviço de Cirurgia Geral. Hospital Garcia de Orta. Almada. Portugal.

Introduction: Approximately 20% - 30% of histological lymph node-negative patients with colorectal cancer relapse at five years after surgical treatment. This recurrence is likely due to occult nodal disease undetected by standard histopathological practice which has implications in terms of the clinical management of patients.

Material And Methods: Lymph nodes were collected from colectomy specimens. Read More

Med J Aust 2018 Dec;209(11):495-500

Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Objectives: To describe the patterns of alcohol use in James Bond movies over six decades.

Design: Film content analysis.

Setting: Wide range of international locations in 24 James Bond movies (Eon Productions series, 1962-2015). Read More

Med J Aust 2018 Dec;209(11):474

School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.

Climate plays an important role in human health and it is well established that climate change can have very significant impacts in this regard. In partnership with The Lancet and the MJA, we present the inaugural Australian Countdown assessment of progress on climate change and health. This comprehensive assessment examines 41 indicators across five broad sections: climate change impacts, exposures and vulnerability; adaptation, planning and resilience for health; mitigation actions and health co-benefits; economics and finance; and public and political engagement. Read More

J Glob Oncol 2018 Dec(4):1-13

Mehreen A. Khan, Qamar-un-Nisa Chaudhry, Tariq M. Satti, and Syed K. Mahmood, Armed Forces Bone Marrow Transplant Centre/National Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplant, Rawalpindi; Parvez Ahmed, Quaid-e-Azam International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan; and Qaiser Bashir, MD Anderson Cancer Centre, Houston, TX.

Use of haploidentical (haplo) donors for hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has significantly increased in the last decade. The major advantage with this strategy is universal availability and faster acquisition of the donor, along with affordability and provision of immunotherapy in post-transplantation period. Historically, haplo-HCT was associated with compromised outcomes because of high rates of graft-versus-host disease and graft failure, but after the development of a post-transplantation high-dose cyclophosphamide strategy, which results in selective T-cell depletion, these issues have been addressed to a large extent. Read More

J Glob Oncol 2018 Dec(4):1-11

H. Kim Lyerly, Duke University, Durham, NC; Jun Ren, Capital University Medical Center; Zhimin Yang, China Food and Drug Administration, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Gi Hyun Kim, Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Seoul, South Korea; Sumimasa Nagai, University of Tokyo; Sumimasa Nagai, Tomohiro Yamaguchi, and Ken Hatogai, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency; Hiroshi Katayama, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Silvy Da Rocha Dias, European Medicines Agency, London, United Kingdom; Daniel McManus and Kathy Soltys, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Olufumilayo Olopade, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Nancy Goodman, Kids V Cancer, Washington, DC; Greg Reaman, US Food and Drug Administration; Thomas Gross, US National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, and Renzo Canetta, Independent Consultant.

Advances in genetic sequencing and other diagnostic technologies have enabled the use of precision medicine in clinical cancer care, as well as the development of novel therapies that are targeted to specific molecular drivers of cancer. Developing these new agents and making them accessible to patients requires global clinical studies and regulatory review and approval by different national regulatory agencies. Whereas these global trials present challenges for drug developers who conduct them and regulatory agencies who oversee them, they also raise practical issues about patients with low-frequency cancers who need these therapies. Read More

Chem Res Toxicol 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States.

Evaluating carcinogenic mechanisms is a challenging part of hazard identification, as mechanistic data are both voluminous and diverse. An evaluation approach based on 10 key characteristics of human carcinogens provides a holistic and unbiased way to tackle this challenge. Read More

Depress Anxiety 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) in college students is associated with substantial burden.

Aims: To assess 1-year incidence of MDD among incoming freshmen and predictors of MDD-incidence in a representative sample of students.

Method: Prospective cohort study of first-year college students (baseline: n = 2,519, 1-year follow-up: n = 958) RESULTS: The incidence of MDD within the first year of college was 6. Read More

Clin Anat 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Introduction: The study of human anatomy is fundamental to medical education globally. Knowledge of musculoskeletal anatomy is essential for safe and effective clinical practice, yet this topic often receives insufficient medical programme time and perceptions differ regarding which knowledge is core. Given the lack of syllabuses specific to musculoskeletal anatomy, this paper aims to provide a detailed syllabus for the vertebral column and limbs relevant to medical students. Read More