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Int J Infect Dis 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

International Society for Infectious Diseases, Brookline, Massachusetts, United States; Virginia Commonwealth University, Division of Infectious Diseases, Richmond, Virginia, United States.

Objective: The Guide to Infection Control in the Hospital (Guide) is an open access resource produced by the International Society for Infectious Diseases (ISID) to assist in the prevention of infection acquisition and transmission worldwide. A survey was distributed to 8,055 current Guide users to understand their needs.

Methods: The survey consisted of 48-questions regarding infection prevention and control (IPC) availability and needs. Read More

Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. Electronic address:

The white Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is a pathogen that causes huge economic losses in the shrimp-farming industry globally. At the WSSV genome replication stage (12 hpi) in WSSV-infected shrimp hemocytes, activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway triggers metabolic changes that resemble the Warburg effect. In shrimp, the upstream regulators of this pathway are still unknown, and in the present study, we isolate, characterize and investigate two candidate factors, i. Read More

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.

Purpose: The curative potential of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (autoHCT) for male germ cell tumors (GCT) is well established. Optimal timing and number (single, ST vs. tandem, TT vs. Read More

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, disabling, immune-mediated, central nervous system demyelinating and degenerative disease. Approved disease modifying therapies may be incompletely effective in some patients with highly active relapsing disease and high risk of disability. Immunoablative or myeloablative therapy followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) has been investigated in retrospective studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses/systematic reviews as an approach to address this unmet clinical need. Read More

Anaerobe 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, USA.

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is an emerging but often understudied infectious disease in developing countries. This study was aimed to isolate and characterize C. difficile from shoe sole swabs and diarrheal patient's stool samples in Bangladesh. Read More

J Am Coll Surg 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

DNA services; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.

Background: Current standard-of-care technologies such as imaging and cyst fluid analysis are unable to consistently distinguish intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas (IPMN) at high-risk of pancreatic cancer from low-risk IPMN. The objective was to create a single-platform assay to identify IPMN that are at high-risk for malignant progression.

Study Design: Building on the Verona International Consensus Conference BD-IPMN biomarker study, specific protein, cytokine, mucin, DNA, and miRNA cyst fluid targets were identified for creation of a q-PCR based assay as we have previously published. Read More

Resuscitation 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

NIHR Respiratory BRU, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK. Electronic address:

Background: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are a well-established therapy for patients at risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. With rising implant rates, the risk of a rescuer performing chest compressions during discharge is increasing, leading to concerns over rescuer safety from the resultant leakage current. More recently, subcutaneous ICDs (S-ICD) have been developed, which utilise a higher energy and more superficial electrodes compared with transvenous ICDs (T-ICD), raising safety concerns further. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212843. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Open biomedical repositories, such as PubMed Central (PMC), are a means to make research discoverable and permanently accessible. Assessing the potential interest of key stakeholders in an Australasia PubMed Central was the objective of this research. The investigation is novel, assisting in the development of open science infrastructure through its systematic analysis of the potential interest in, and viability of a biomedical repository for managing openly accessible research outputs for the Australasia region. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212808. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province; The Third Grade Laboratory under the National State, Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Purpose: To explore the association between circulating mononuclear cell mitochondrial DNA copy number and the prognosis of sepsis patients based on the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3 definition).

Methods: A total of 200 adult patients who had recently devoloped sepsis were prospectively recruited as the study cohort. Demographic and clinical data were recorded along with a 28-day outcome. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212780. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Agrobiodiversity Research Area, Asia Regional Office, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), CGIAR Research Program on Roots Tubers and Bananas, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Cassava mosaic disease, one of the ten most economically important crop viral diseases in the world, was first reported in Southeast Asia from a single plantation in Cambodia in 2015. To determine the presence and incidence of Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) one year after first detection, a total of 6,480 samples from 419 fields were systematically collected from cassava production areas across Cambodia (3,840 samples; 240 fields) and Vietnam (2,640samples; 179 fields) in the 2016 cropping season. Using PCR-based diagnostics, we identified 49 SLCMV-infected plants from nine fields, representing 2% of the total number of fields sampled. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212783. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Public Health & Mortality Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Background: Under-nutrition in early childhood has harmful impacts on human capital formation in children, with implications for educational, adult health, and labor market outcomes. We investigate the association of linear growth and weight gain in mid-childhood with years of schooling, the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test score, and math test score during the adolescent age of 14-15 years.

Methods: Data were derived from the Young Lives study conducted in four low- and middle-income countries (Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam). Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212587. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

School of Public Health, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania.

Background: Adherence to option B+ antiretroviral treatment (ART) is vital to a successful implementation of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) program. Further studies show that optimal viral suppression is also crucial for a successful PMTCT program, however barriers to adherence exist and differ among populations and particularly within few years of its adoption in Tanzania. This study therefore aimed at investigating the level and predictors of adherence to ART option B+ among pregnant and lactating women in rural and urban settings of eastern Tanzania. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212028. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

IFAPA Agua del Pino, Cartaya, Huelva, Spain.

Noble pen shell or fan mussel, Pinna nobilis Linnaeus (1758), protected since 1992, was incorporated into the Spanish Catalogue of Threatened Species (Category: Vulnerable, Royal Decree 139/2011). The status is presently in the process of being catalogued as critically endangered, pending approval by Spanish Government (https://www.mapama. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0211728. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Psychology, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan.

Despite public health measures and health-promotion efforts, the decline in tuberculosis (TB) morbidity in Japan has been slow, with a higher TB incidence rate relative to those observed in most developed countries. Because health behavior depends on multiple factors and is formulated within a social context, a theory-driven model would be necessary to increase TB prevention behavior. Based upon the Health Belief Model, this study examined the effects of health beliefs, personality traits, and social factors on TB prevention behavior among Japanese adults. Read More

PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0207733. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America.

We have previously reported the inhibition of bacterial topoisomerase I activity by a fluoroquinophenoxazine compound (FP-11g) with a 6-bipiperidinyl lipophilic side chain that exhibited promising antituberculosis activity (MIC = 2.5 μM against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, SI = 9.8). Read More

J Palliat Med 2019 Mar;22(3):339

1 Alliant International University, San Diego, California.

J Palliat Med 2019 Mar;22(3):242

1 International Association for Hospice and Palliative Care, Houston, Texas.

Glob Public Health 2019 Feb 22:1-11. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

b Office of HIV/AIDS , United States Agency for International Development , Washington , DC , USA.

Men's relatively low rates of HIV testing has been termed the 'HIV blind spot' and recently declared by UNAIDS as a top priority. This study uses data from five nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys in Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe to explore factors associated with men's lifetime HIV testing. Between 29. Read More

Bull Soc Pathol Exot 2018 ;111(4):212-252

Aging Cell 2019 Feb 22:e12850. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

U995 - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, INSERM, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France.

Pro-aging effects of endogenous advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been reported, and there is increasing interest in the pro-inflammatory and -fibrotic effects of their binding to RAGE (the main AGE receptor). The role of dietary AGEs in aging remains ill-defined, but the predominantly renal accumulation of dietary carboxymethyllysine (CML) suggests the kidneys may be particularly affected. We studied the impact of RAGE invalidation and a CML-enriched diet on renal aging. Read More

Biochem Mol Biol Educ 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Florida Southern College, Lakeland, Florida 33801.

Due to resource limitations at predominantly undergraduate institutions, research opportunities for non-senior students can be limited. To provide opportunities for a variety of students to gain exposure to research, a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) was designed and conducted. Coupled inquiry was used to allow underclassmen and upperclassmen to participate. Read More

J Trauma Stress 2019 Feb;32(1):23-31

Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group, Arq, Diemen, the Netherlands.

The inclusion of a complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) diagnosis in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases reflects growing evidence that a subgroup of individuals with PTSD also suffer from disturbances in emotion regulation, interpersonal skills, and self-concept, which together are termed "disturbances in self-organization" (DSO). Although CPTSD is assumed to result from exposure to complex traumatic events, emotional neglect may be an important contributor. This study investigated the presence of CPTSD, defined by endorsement of PTSD and DSO symptoms in a clinical postwar generation sample. Read More

Hippocampus 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Faculty of Psychology, Mercator Research Group - Structure of Memory, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

The hippocampal formation plays a role in mnemonic tasks and epileptic discharges in vivo. In vitro, these functions and malfunctions may relate to persistent firing (PF) and depolarization block (DB), respectively. Pyramidal neurons of the CA1 field have previously been reported to engage in either PF or DB during cholinergic stimulation. Read More

Glia 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Neuroglial Interactions in Cerebral Physiopathology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7241, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1050, Labex Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France.

Astroglial networks mediated by gap junction channels contribute to neurotransmission and promote neuronal coordination. Connexin 30, one of the two main astroglial gap junction forming protein, alters at the behavioral level the reactivity of mice to novel environment and at the synaptic level excitatory transmission. However, the role and function of Cx30 at the neuronal network level remain unclear. Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2018 Oct;476(10):1964-1969

N. Shohat, A. Fleischman, M. Tarabichi, T. L. Tan, J. Parvizi, The Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA N. Shohat, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.

Background: Although morbid obesity is considered a modifiable risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), there is no consensus regarding an appropriate threshold for body mass index (BMI) above which a high risk for infection may outweigh the benefits of surgery.

Questions/purposes: (1) Is there a BMI cutoff threshold that is associated with increased risk for PJI? (2) Is the risk of PJI increased in higher obesity classes?

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of all primary THAs and TKAs performed at one institution between 2006 and 2015. Overall 19,226 patients were eligible to be included in the study; 1053 patients were excluded as a result of incomplete data, resulting in a final cohort of 18,173 patients (8757 TKAs and 9416 THAs). Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2018 Oct;476(10):1951-1960

J. George, E. M. Nageeb, G. L. Curtis, A. K. Klika, W. K. Barsoum, M. A. Mont, C. A. Higuera, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA S. M. Navale, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Background: Above-knee amputation (AKA) is a morbid procedure and is performed for a number of conditions. Although AKA is usually performed for dysvascular disease, trauma, and malignancy, AKA is also considered in patients who have failed multiple salvage attempts at treating periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) of TKA. Although aggressive measures are being taken to treat PJI, the huge volume of TKAs might result in a large number of AKAs being performed for PJI in the United States. Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2019 Feb;477(2):353-360

V. P. Galea, I. Laaksonen, J. W. Connelly, S. J. Matuszak, R. Madanat, O. Muratoglu, H. Malchau, Harris Orthopaedic Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA M. Nortje, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa I. Laaksonen, R. Madanat, O. Muratoglu, H. Malchau, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR) is not only a prominent cause of metal-on-metal (MoM) implant revision, but may also compromise the result of revision surgery. Patients treated with MoM arthroplasty and subsequently revised as a result of ALTR have been shown to experience worse patient-reported outcomes, inferior survivorship, and more complications when compared with patients receiving MoM implants who were revised for reasons other than ALTR. There is conflicting evidence as to whether the presence of symptoms is associated with ALTR in patients with MoM implants. Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2018 Sep;476(9):1751-1761

Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Musculoskeletal Tumors, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.

Background: Functional reconstruction after Enneking Type I + II resections of the pelvis (those involving both the ilium and the acetabulum) is challenging, especially if resection of part of the sacrum is included. To assess the clinical outcomes of a newly designed modular pedicle-hemipelvic endoprosthesis, we performed a preliminary retrospective study on its clinical use in a small group of patients.

Questions/purposes: The purposes of this study were (1) to evaluate in a small case series whether the new endoprosthesis restored lower limb function and lumbopelvic stability in the short term; (2) to identify the complications associated with use of the new prosthesis; and (3) to assess the 5-year cumulative survival, the cumulative incidence of a major postoperative event, and the cumulative incidence of implant failure in this group of patients. Read More

J Hosp Med 2019 Feb 20;14:E1-E4. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Incidental pulmonary nodules (IPNs) are common and often require follow-up. The Fleischner Society guidelines were created to support IPN management. We developed a 14-item survey to examine hospitalists' exposure to and management of IPNs. Read More

Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Swansea University, 7759, Swansea, West Glamorgan, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ;

The umbilical cord offers a source of readily available mesenchymal stromal cells for use in research and ultimately therapeutic application. However, methods of isolating these cells vary between investigators, and no standard method has been adopted. The aims of this work were to i) develop a methodology for the isolation of umbilical cord matrix cells without the use of enzymatic digestion or complicated dissection; ii) investigate the use of pooled maternal serum as a media supplement; and iii) to demonstrate that the cells isolated were mesenchymal stromal cells. Read More

Acta Otolaryngol 2019 Feb 22:1-5. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

c Department of Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery , International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital , Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Combination therapy consisting of a platinum agent, 5-fluorouracil and cetuximab (EXTREME regimen) is recommended for recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (R/M-SCCHN). However, it is advisable to use platinum-free regimens as first-line therapy in patients resistant to platinum agents. There has been no report comparing EXTREME regimen outcomes between platinum-resistant and platinum-sensitive patients. Read More

Telemed J E Health 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

6 Department of Computer Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

Purpose: Child eye health is a significant public health issue in low- and middle-income countries, such as Botswana, and the need for eye care requires a well-integrated and innovative approach. Traditional vision screening tools are costly, difficult to transport, and reliant on highly trained eye care professionals. Novel smartphone-based vision screening technologies, however, are low cost, portable, and easily operated by trained novice users. Read More

Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2019 Feb 22:1-11. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

c Business School, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , Australia.

Background: The idea of product usability has been discussed in several research areas including product research and development. Usability, in telecare monitoring systems, determines how much the system is effective and efficient for the telecare users. Usability has been considered an important factor in the acceptance of telecare monitoring systems by individuals who encounter challenges in the use of such systems and who possess a limited knowledge of their use. Read More

Med Anthropol 2019 Feb 22:1-15. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

a Centre for Development and the Environment , University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.

Adolescent girls are at the center of many health development interventions. Based on ethnographic research in rural Malawi, I analyze the design, implementation, and reception of an international non-government organization's project aiming to reduce teenage pregnancies by keeping girls in school. Drawing on Fassin's theorization of culturalism as ideology, I analyze how a tendency to overemphasize culture is inherent to the project's behavior change approach, but is reinforced locally by class-shaped notions of development, and plays out through reinforcing ethnic stereotypes. Read More

J Endourol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Western University, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, London, Ontario, Canada ;

Introduction: Although general guidelines exist directing the management of new/novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in the perioperative period for open/endoscopic procedures, no consensus exists for those patients being considered for shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). In order to gauge current practice, we administered a survey to the international endourological community.

Methods: A web-based survey was sent to current Endourological Society members. Read More

Can Rev Sociol 2019 Feb;56(1):93-117

University of Alberta.

There is a growing international literature on the lives of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals. One of the biggest limitations for researchers in this field continues to be the dearth of population-based surveys that include questions on sexual orientation, gender identity, and high-quality demographic, health, social, political, or economic variables. This research note provides an overview of the current LGBT data landscape in Canada. Read More

Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.

Objective: This study investigated whether the resistive index (RI) of prostate and bladder sonomorphologic parameters (total prostate volume [TPV], detrusor wall thickness [DWT], intraprostatic protrusion [IPP]) can be used instead of urodynamic studies (UDS) to predict bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Methods: Men aged ≥50 years with clinical BPH/LUTS were prospectively enrolled included. Basic evaluations, measurement of sonomorphologic parameters, and UDS were performed in accordance with the International Continence Society's Good Urodynamics Practices protocol. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.

Objective: To quantify complications and rates of adverse events associated with surgical excision of hemangiomas in children using a national surgical database.

Data Source: Pediatric American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP -pediatric), years 2012-2016.

Methods: Subjects included children under 18 years with a postoperative diagnosis of International Classification of Diseases (ICD), 9th revision code: 228. Read More

Bioessays 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Institute of Human Genetics, UMR 9002, CNRS and University of Montpellier, 34396, Montpellier, France.

Targeted transitions in chromatin states at thousands of genes are essential drivers of eukaryotic development. Therefore, understanding the in vivo dynamics of epigenetic regulators is crucial for deciphering the mechanisms underpinning cell fate decisions. This review illustrates how, in addition to its cell memory function, the Polycomb group of transcriptional regulators orchestrates temporal, cell and tissue-specific expression of master genes during development. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Eating Disorders Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Objective: We are very pleased to introduce a special issue of the International Journal of Eating Disorders on child and adolescent feeding and eating disorders and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID).

Method: Contributions focused on five main themes: (1) the definition and assessment of ARFID; (2) the clinical phenomenology of ARFID; (3) similarities and differences between ARFID and anorexia nervosa (AN); (4) novel treatments for ARFID; and (5) new ideas for improving treatment outcomes in AN.

Results: These papers highlight the importance of clear operationalization and measurement of the ARFID diagnostic criteria. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Center of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

The ErbB3-binding protein 1 (Ebp1) has been reported as either an oncogenic regulator or a tumor suppressor in a variety of cancers. Here, we show that Ebp1 p48, a predominant expression isoform, is highly expressed in the majority of human colon tumor cells compared with normal adjacent tissues and its expression is required for the oncogenic activities of these cells. Depletion of Ebp1 expression in primary colon cancer cells inhibits cell proliferation, colony forming, and invasion in vitro as well as tumor formation in vivo and enhances cell sensitivity to irradiation. Read More

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to systematically identify and compare clinical models using universally accessible clinical and demographic factors, which have been derived and/or validated to predict the success of labor induction with a view to making recommendations for practice.

Material And Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, www.clinicaltrials. Read More

Eur Heart J 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Brigham and Women's Hospital, Heart and Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA.

Aims: After percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with atrial fibrillation, safety and efficacy with dabigatran dual therapy were evaluated in pre-specified subgroups of patients undergoing PCI due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or elective PCI, and those receiving ticagrelor or clopidogrel treatment.

Methods And Results: In the RE-DUAL PCI trial, 2725 patients were randomized to dabigatran 110 mg or 150 mg with P2Y12 inhibitor, or warfarin with P2Y12 inhibitor and aspirin. Mean follow-up was 14 months, 50. Read More

Org Biomol Chem 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Normandie Univ, UNILEHAVRE, CNRS, URCOM, 76600 Le Havre, France.

Based on N-acyliminium species, two efficient and rapid approaches to diversify spirocyclic systems connected by two different carbon centers to the isoindole ring have been developed. The imide reduction and the tandem oxidative cleavage of olefin/formyl-amide equilibration were at first selected as the key steps for these strategies. Ultimately the intramolecular α-amidoalkylation reaction was achieved through the arylation of α-acetoxy lactams or α-hydroxy lactams using, respectively, a Lewis acid or a Brønsted acid depending on the nature of N-acyliminium precursors. Read More

Med Pr 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

University of Rijeka, Opatija, Croatia (Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Department of Food and Nutrition).

Background: Unhealthy eating habits and physical inactivity constitute an emerging public health problem. The working population is of special interest for public health monitoring and evaluation because workers' unhealthy lifestyles may lead to reduced work ability. The aim of this study was to determine diet quality and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), according to the level of physical activity, and to detect variables associated with the working population's being highly physically active. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) MalariaCare Project, PATH, Washington, District of Columbia.

Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are one of the primary tools used for parasitological confirmation of suspected cases of malaria. To ensure accurate results, health-care workers (HCWs) must conduct the RDT test correctly. Trained supervisors visited 3,603 facilities to assess RDT testing performance and conduct outreach training and supportive supervision activities in eight African countries between 2015 and 2017, using a 12-point checklist to determine if key steps were being performed. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) MalariaCare Project, PATH, Washington, District of Columbia.

Since 2010, the WHO has recommended that clinical decision-making for malaria case management be performed based on the results of a parasitological test result. Between 2015 and 2017, the U.S. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) MalariaCare Project, PATH, Washington, District of Columbia.

Although on-site supervision programs are implemented in many countries to assess and improve the quality of care, few publications have described the use of electronic tools during health facility supervision. The President's Malaria Initiative-funded MalariaCare project developed the MalariaCare Electronic Data System (EDS), a custom-built, open-source, Java-based, Android application that links to District Health Information Software 2, for data storage and visualization. The EDS was used during supervision visits at 4,951 health facilities across seven countries in Africa. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) MalariaCare Project, PATH, Washington, District of Columbia.

Although light microscopy is the reference standard for diagnosing malaria, maintaining skills over time can be challenging. Between 2015 and 2017, the U.S. Read More