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Cell Physiol Biochem 2018 7;51(5):2185-2197. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,

Background/aims: VCP-interacting membrane selenoprotein (VIMP), an ER resident selenoprotein, is highly expressed in β-cells, however, the role of VIMP in β-cells has not been characterized. In this study, we studied the relationship between VIMP deficiency and β-cell survival in MIN6 insulinoma cells.

Methods: To determine the role of VIMP in β-cells, lentiviral VIMP shRNAs were used to knock down (KD) expression of VIMP in MIN6 cells. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1916:213-222

Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.

This chapter describes the propagation and characterization of transplantable insulinoma cells as model of insulin-producing pancreatic islet cells in the rat. Here, the cells are propagated by transplantation into rats followed by harvesting after growth for approximately 1 month. The cells are then purified by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and characterized by pulse-chase radiolabelling and immunoprecipitation of the insulin-related peptides. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 Dec 11;2018. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

ENETS Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS), a rare cause of autoimmune hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia, is relatively well known in Japan. The incidence in Caucasians is less than one-fifth of that reported in Japanese people, but it is becoming increasingly recognised worldwide in non-Asians as well. Drugs containing sulphydryl groups are known to be associated with the disease in genetically predisposed individuals. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 Dec 11;2018. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS), or Hirata disease, is a rare hypoglycaemic disorder caused by the presence of high titer of insulin autoantibodies (IAA) in patients without previous exposure to exogenous insulin. Even though its pathogenesis is not fully understood, striking evidences link IAS to previous exposure to sulphydryl-containing medications, like alpha-lipoic acid, a widely used nutritional supplement. Although challenging, a careful differential diagnosis from other causes of hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (such as insulinoma) is mandatory, since these conditions require different therapeutic approaches. Read More

Endocr J 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Molecular and Cellular Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.

Diazoxide is recognized as an effective medical treatment for insulinoma. However, due to its adverse effects, such as fluid retention, it is sometimes difficult to employ diazoxide at an effective dose in clinical practice. This study aimed to clarify the clinical factors, which may affect efficacy and safety of the diazoxide treatment. Read More

J Nucl Med 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Radboud University Medical Centre, Netherlands.

Being highly expressed in insulinomas, the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a potential target for diagnosis, localization and treatment with the radiolabeled GLP-1R agonist exendin. Tracer accumulation in the kidneys, however, hampers accurate diagnostic visualization of pancreatic tissue and prohibits the therapeutic application of radiolabeled exendin for beta-cell-derived tumors. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of succinylated gelatin (Gelofusine) to reduce the renal accumulation of radiolabeled exendin in humans and we performed dosimetric calculations to estimate the maximum absorbed insulinoma dose that could be achieved when exendin would be used for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. Read More

Am J Med 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Senior Resident, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, IN 190011.

Hum Pathol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Pathology, Division of Cytopathology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, USA.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are epithelial neoplasms with prominent neuroendocrine differentiation. Cytologic examination and utilization of immunohistochemical (IHC) markers are important diagnostic tools for the evaluation of these tumors. Herein we report our experience with the application of INSM1 in cytology samples. Read More

Autoimmunity 2018 Aug;51(5):228-237

c Members of the DiPiS study group are listed in the Acknowledgement.

Background: The aim was to determine prevalence and age at seroconversion of thyroid autoimmunity in relation to islet autoantibodies, gender and HLA-DQ genotypes in children with increased risk for type 1 diabetes followed from birth.

Methods: In 10-year-old children (n = 1874), blood samples were analysed for autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb), thyroglobulin (TGAb), glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA), Zink transporter 8 (ZnT8R/W/QA), insulinoma-associated protein-2 (IA-2A), insulin (IAA) and HLA-DQ genotypes. Prospectively collected samples from 2 years of age were next analysed for TPOAb, and TGAb and, finally, in confirming samples at 11-16 years of age along with TSH and FT4. Read More

J Surg Oncol 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

Background: The goals of resection of functional neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are two-fold: Oncological benefit and symptom control. The interaction between the two is not well understood.

Methods: All patients with functional NETs of the pancreas, duodenum, and ampulla who underwent curative-intent resection between 2000 and 2016 were identified. Read More

Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018 Nov 23. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Mitochondrial Function, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Changes in mitochondrial and cytosolic pH alter the chemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The proton chemical gradient contributes to mitochondrial ATP synthesis as well as the uptake and release of metabolites and ions from the organelle. Here mitochondrial pH and ΔpH were studied for the first time in human pancreatic β-cells. Read More

J Pineal Res 2018 Nov 26:e12540. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.

Melatonin receptors play important roles in the regulation of circadian and seasonal rhythms, sleep, retinal functions, the immune system, depression and type 2 diabetes development. Melatonin receptors are approved drug targets for insomnia, non-24h sleep-wake disorders and major depressive disorders. In mammals, two melatonin receptors (MTRs) exist, MT and MT , belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) super-family. Read More

Swiss Med Wkly 2018 11 18;148:w14682. Epub 2018 Nov 18.

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland.

BACKGROUND Important causes of endogenous hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia (EHH) in adult patients are insulinoma and adult nesidioblastosis. Data on main symptoms in EHH are scarce and controversial. We analysed main symptoms of patients with EHH in the framework of two prospective studies investigating glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor imaging. Read More

J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2018 Nov 14. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

From the Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri (B.K.F.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (J.M.F., B.B.); and Terrell Veterinary Clinic, Lakeway, Texas (T.S.).

Canine insulinoma is a highly metastatic neoplasm that is associated with a guarded to poor prognosis in dogs with distant metastases. A median survival of 6 mo has been reported for dogs with metastatic insulinoma. The dog in this report, diagnosed with stage III pancreatic insulinoma, had long-term glycemic control with survival of over 24 mo while receiving prednisone and toceranib phosphate after partial pancreatectomy. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 Oct 31;2018:18-0089. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Keck School of Medicine, LAC+USC Medical Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

There has been an increasing awareness of post gastric bypass hypoglycemia (PGBH). Histopathologic findings from such patients who underwent partial/total pancreatomy, however, can vary widely from minimal changes to classic nesidioblastosis, making the pathologic diagnosis challenging. PGBH typically presents as postprandial hypoglycemia, as opposed to insulinoma, which presents as fasting hypoglycemia. Read More

Int J Endocrinol 2018 23;2018:2059481. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Finland.

Objective: Insulinomas are rare pancreatic tumours. Population-based data on their incidence, clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment are almost nonexistent. The aim of this study was to clarify these aspects in a nationwide cohort of insulinoma patients diagnosed during three decades. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 30;9:645. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Graduate School of Medicine and School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan.

We studied the mechanisms for the possible insulinotropic action of apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I in mouse insulinoma (MIN6) cells. The effects of ApoA-I on cAMP production and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and the dose dependency (ApoA-I at 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg/ml) were determined using MIN6 cells. The effects of the small-interference ribonucleic acid (siRNA) of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1) and Cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) on the insulinotropic action of ApoA-I was studied, as well as mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1 and Cdc42. Read More

BMC Biochem 2018 Nov 12;19(1). Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.

Background: Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) or amylin deposits can be found in the islets of type 2 diabetes patients. The peptide is suggested to be involved in the etiology of the disease through formation of amyloid deposits and destruction of β islet cells, though the underlying molecular events leading from IAPP deposition to β cell death are still largely unknown.

Results: We used OFFGEL™ proteomics to study how IAPP exposure affects the proteome of rat pancreatic insulinoma Rin-5F cells. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 11 7;9(1):4671. Epub 2018 Nov 7.

Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important mechanism for cancer progression and metastasis. Numerous in vitro and tumor-profiling studies point to the miR-200-Zeb1 axis as crucial in regulating this process, yet in vivo studies involving its regulation within a physiological context are lacking. Here, we show that miR-200 ablation in the Rip-Tag2 insulinoma mouse model induces beta-cell dedifferentiation, initiates an EMT expression program, and promotes tumor invasion. Read More

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2018 Oct 25;56(3):316-319. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Background: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors may be associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) in 15-25% of cases, and up to 10% develop insulinomas, which are the most frequent cause of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in adults. The objective is to show a clinical case that presents this association.

Clinical Case: 36-year-old patient with seizures associated with fasting hypoglycemia of 36 mg/dL. Read More

Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Nov;56(11):837-842

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Diagnosis and Therapy in Nuclear Medicine, Beijing 100730, China.

To explore the accuracy in localizing occult insulinomas with Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor(GLP-1R) PET-CT with (68)Ga-exendin-4. In this prospective cohort study, patients with biochemically proven endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and negative contrast-enhanced CT with pancreatic perfusion scans were enrolled consecutively at Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from February 2014 to June 2018.There were 37 males and 32 females, with age of (43. Read More

Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Nov;56(11):801-804

Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.

The insulinoma, which is the most common pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, can be misdiagnosed and mistreated easily.Recently, the misdiagnosis rate has decreased significantly owing to the establishment of diagnosis and treatment system.However, the misconception about its diagnosis and treatment still exists because the diagnosis and treatment level varies greatly among different centers. Read More

Hum Pathol 2018 Oct 29. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Šikl's Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, The Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Pilsen, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic; Bioptická laboratoř s.r.o., 326 00 Pilsen.

Pulmonary small cell carcinoma (SCLC) can be usually diagnosed based on the morphological evaluation of routine histological or cytological preparations. However, immunohistochemistry may be also necessary in problematic cases. INSM1 (insulinoma-associated 1) has recently been reported as a highly sensitive and specific marker that displays positivity in~ 90%-100% of poorly differentiated pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Read More

Nutrients 2018 Oct 29;10(11). Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea.

We hypothesized that soybeans fermented with spp. for 48 h (chungkookjang) would be rich in poly-γ-glutamate (γ-PGA) and would have greater efficacy for improving insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, min6 cells, and PC12 neuronal cells. We screened 20 different strains of and spp. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Oct 27;2018. Epub 2018 Oct 27.

Department of Dermatology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan.

We experienced a 6-year-old case of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS)/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) with subsequent development autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis), type 1 diabetes with antithyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, insulinoma-associated antigen and anti-insulin antibodies at 4 months, alopecia at 7 months, vitiligo, uveitis due to Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease at 8 months after clinical resolution of the DiHS/DRESS. He was diagnosed as type III polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PASIII) after DiHS/DRESS. Prompted by this case, we sought to determine which triggering factors were responsible for later development of PASIII in previously published cases with autoimmune sequelae. Read More

J Transl Med 2018 Oct 25;16(1):297. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Background: Neurogenin3 (Ngn3) and neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1), two crucial transcriptional factors involved in human diabetes (OMIM: 601724) and islet development, have been previously found to directly target to the E-boxes of the insulinoma-associated 2 (Insm2) gene promoter, thereby activating the expression of Insm2 in insulin-secretion cells. However, little is known about the function of Insm2 in pancreatic islets and glucose metabolisms.

Methods: Homozygous Insm2 mice were generated by using the CRISPR-Cas9 method. Read More

Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2018 Oct 24. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg.

Objective: Recognition of neuroendocrine differentiation is important for tumor classification and treatment stratification. To detect and confirm neuroendocrine differentiation, a combination of morphology and immunohistochemistry is often required. In this regard, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and CD56 are established immunohistochemical markers. Read More

PLoS One 2018 23;13(10):e0206099. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.

Background: Previous studies reported varies parameters of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for the localization of insulinomas, the purpose of this meta-analysis based on published studies to accuracy the diagnostic value of EUS.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of science, Cochrane library and Wanfang digital database were searched to identify published studies up to April 2018, which diagnostic insulinoma by using EUS. Retrieved sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves data were summarized for meta-analysis. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2018 Oct 5. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Department of Pediatrics and the Congenital Hyperinsulinism Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

Background: Congenital Hyperinsulinism (HI) causes severe hypoglycemia in neonates and children. We reviewed our experience with pancreatectomy for the various types of HI.

Methods: From 1998 to 2018, 500 patients with HI underwent pancreatectomy: 246 for focal HI, 202 for diffuse HI, 37 for atypical HI (16 for Localized Islet Nuclear Enlargement [LINE], 21 for Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome), and 15 for insulinoma. Read More

Pediatr Diabetes 2018 Oct 18. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Aims/hypothesis: Evidence of the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has remained inconclusive. Our aim was to elucidate the possible role of CMV infection in the initiation of islet autoimmunity and in the progression to clinical T1D among children with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-conferred T1D risk.

Methods: A total of 1402 children from the prospective Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study were analyzed for CMV-specific IgG antibodies during early childhood. Read More

J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018 Dec 9;29(12):1749-1753. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

Purpose: To explore optimal diagnostic criteria for localizing insulinomas with the selective arterial calcium injection (SACI) test using decision tree analysis.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study included 86 vessels of 18 patients (5 men, 13 women; mean age 67 y; range, 49-73 y) with insulinomas who underwent SACI test between June 2007 and May 2016. Of 27 insulinomas, 7 were found in the head, 13 in the body, and 7 in the tail of the pancreas. Read More

Acta Diabetol 2018 Dec 10;55(12):1275-1282. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. I.P.N. 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.

Aims: To assess the prevalence of autoantibodies (Aab) to insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GADA) and insulinoma antigen 2 (IA-2A), as well as human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles, in first degree relatives (FDR) of Mexican patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and to explore whether these parameters mirror the low incidence of T1D in the Mexican population.

Methods: Aab titers were determined by ELISA in 425 FDR, 234 siblings, 40 offspring and 151 parents of 197 patients with T1D. Typing of HLA-DR and -DQ alleles was performed in 41 Aab-positive FDR using polymerase chain reaction with allele-specific oligotyping. Read More

Diabetes 2018 Oct 10. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany

Progression to clinical type 1 diabetes varies between children developing beta-cell autoantibodies. Differences in autoantibody patterns could relate to disease progression and etiology. Here we modeled complex longitudinal autoantibody profiles using a novel wavelet-based algorithm. Read More

Turk J Surg 2018 3;34(3):240-242. Epub 2018 Jan 3.

Department of Pathology, Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Malignant insulinomas are infrequent endocrine tumors with miscellaneous clinical courses. In this report, we present a rare case of insulinoma that recurred with solitary hepatic metastasis 15 years after the initial resection of the primary tumor from the pancreas. A 20-year-old woman first presented with the symptoms of hypoglycemia in 1996. Read More

Nanomedicine 2019 Jan 6;15(1):175-187. Epub 2018 Oct 6.

Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-PILANI), Pilani, Rajasthan, India. Electronic address:

Lisofylline is an anti-inflammatory agent with proven anti-diabetic activity. Its high solubility and rapid metabolism results in poor bioavailability and short half-life, limiting its clinical utility. We have synthesized Lisofylline-Linoleic acid (LSF-LA) conjugate which self-assembled into micelles (156. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2018 10 1;179(4):219-228. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

‘Lendület’ Hereditary Endocrine Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences – Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

Objective: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) are rare tumors arising from the endocrine pancreas; however, their prognosis differs significantly upon their proliferative state, which is characterized by histopathological grading. MiRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs posttranscriptionally regulating gene expression. Our aim was to identify miRNAs with altered expression upon proliferation which can be used as prognostic biomarkers in PanNENs. Read More

Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2018 Dec 1;13:144-153. Epub 2018 Sep 1.

Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, BC V8W2Y2, Canada. Electronic address:

Aniridia is a rare congenital syndrome that is associated with reduced visual acuity and progressive loss of vision. Aniridia patients may also develop systemic health issues associated with defects in the pancreas, digestive, and central nervous systems. The spectrum of symptoms associated with aniridia is due to haploinsufficiency of the paired box 6 gene (PAX6) and its role in the development and maintenance of the affected tissues. Read More

Cytopathology 2018 Oct 5. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kurume University Hospital, Kurume, Japan.

Background: Insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) has been reported to be a useful marker for diagnosing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). However, INSM1 expression in endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration cytology (EUS-FNAC) has not been examined. We evaluated INSM1 expression in the cytology of cases diagnosed with PNETs. Read More

Regen Ther 2018 Jun 2;8:38-45. Epub 2018 Feb 2.

Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to evaluate the insulin secretion of mixed aggregates of insulinoma cells (INS-1) and gelatin hydrogel microspheres after their subcutaneous transplantation.

Methods: Gelatin hydrogel microspheres were prepared by the conventional w/o emulsion method. Cell aggregates mixed with or without the hydrogel microspheres were encapsulated into a pouched-device of polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. Read More

Regen Ther 2018 Jun 4;8:29-37. Epub 2018 Feb 4.

Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to evaluate the survival and glucose-induced insulin secretion of rat-derived insulinoma cells (INS-1) from their aggregates incorporating different size of gelatin hydrogel microspheres comparing with microspheres-free cell aggregates.

Methods: The gelatin hydrogel microspheres were prepared by the conventional w/o emulsion method. The INS-1 cells were cultured in a V-bottomed well, combining with or without the gelatin hydrogel microspheres to form their aggregates with or without microspheres. Read More

BMB Rep 2018 Oct;51(10):538-543

Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.

Pancreatic beta cell destruction and dysfunction induced by cytokines is a major cause of type 1 diabetes. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an arylesterase with antioxidant activity, has been shown to play an important role in preventing the development of diabetes in transgenic mice. However, no studies have examined the anti-diabetic effect of PON1 delivered to beta cells using protein transduction. Read More

Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2018 Jun;19(2):133-137

Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetology & Osteology, Endocrine Laboratory, Philipp's University and University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

To compare endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in terms of their sensitivities to localize pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) preoperatively. Systematic analysis of the literature; sensitivity of EUS and MRI in insulinomas and pancreaticoduodenal NETs in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) in series of at least 20 subjects referring to tumors confirmed by surgery and histopathology. Other imaging methods reported were also assessed. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018 Oct 22;505(2):353-359. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China; Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, China. Electronic address:

Pancreatic β-cells apoptosis and dysfunction induced by glucose toxicity were attributed to the formation of excess oxidative damage. Some studies have found that hydroxysafflor yellow A has strong effects to scavenge oxidative stress and inhibit apoptosis. In order to explore the influence of HSYA on oxidative stress induced by high glucose and the potential mechanisms, we set up a high glucose damage model and induced oxidative stress in INS-1 rat insulinoma cells. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Sep 21;19:1121-1125. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Research and Innovation Institute Parc Taulí I3PT, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.

BACKGROUND Insulinomas are pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors that cause non-ketotic hypoglycemia due to hyperinsulinism; they are extremely rare, especially in children. CASE REPORT We present a case of a sporadic insulinoma in an 11-year-old boy who had episodes of self-limited drowsiness and behavior changes over a 3-month period, thought to be caused by psychological issues. Non-ketotic hypoglycemia was confirmed at our center. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Sep;97(38):e12476

Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital.

This study aims to compare the effect of repaglinide and metformin among Chinese patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, and explore the possible mechanisms by which repaglinide alters insulin secretion.Sixty subjects with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) < 10.0% were randomly selected to receive repaglinide or metformin monotherapy for 15 weeks. Read More

Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018 Sep;33(3):403-412

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that sphingolipids may be involved in type 2 diabetes. However, the exact signaling defect through which disordered sphingolipid metabolism induces β-cell dysfunction remains unknown. The current study demonstrated that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), the product of sphingosine kinase (SphK), is an essential factor for maintaining β-cell function and survival via regulation of mitochondrial action, as mediated by prohibitin (PHB). Read More

J Am Vet Med Assoc 2018 Oct;253(7):893-896

CASE DESCRIPTION A 6-year-old castrated male Australian Shepherd was evaluated because of a recent onset of persistent hypoglycemia. CLINICAL FINDINGS Physical examination results were generally unremarkable. No abnormalities were detected on thoracic radiographs, and abdominal ultrasonography revealed no obvious pancreatic lesion. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Jul-Sep;14(5):1149-1151

Department of Medical Oncology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazid Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Due to the cytotoxic effects of old chemotherapy regimens used in the islet cell tumors, capecitabine plus temozolomide combination has now become the first choice in the treatment of malignant insulinoma (MIoma). We present this case to emphasize and remind that a durable complete response in advanced stage MIoma may be achieved with a short course of streptozotocin plus doxorubicin combination. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Sep 6. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Mol Metab 2018 Nov 1;17:39-48. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States. Electronic address:

Objective: Loss of insulin secretion due to failure or death of the insulin secreting β cells is the central cause of diabetes. The cellular response to stress (endoplasmic reticulum (ER), oxidative, inflammatory) is essential to sustain normal β cell function and survival. Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and Activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) are transcription factors implicated in β cell survival and susceptibility to stress. Read More