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Front Neurol 2018 19;9:741. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

The Bronowski Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, The Bronowski Clinic, Coliban Medical Centre, Kyneton, VIC, Australia.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a disorder characterized by loss of dopamine (DA) in the nigro-striatal dopamine (NSD) system with the primary symptoms of bradykinaesia, rigidity, tremor, and altered gate. Secondary symptoms including depression, insomnia, involuntary movement, and psychiatric side effects are also commonly observed. While the treatment focus for the past 50 years has been aimed at replacing deficient DA, to relieve the primary symptoms, more recent studies have suggested that the circadian system plays a critical role in the etiology and treatment of this disorder. Read More

Behav Sleep Med 2019 Feb 17:1-11. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

b School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences , Loughborough University , Loughborough , UK.

Objectives: Evidence supports the view that reductions in cognitive hyperarousal contribute substantially to improved sleep outcomes following cognitive and behavioral interventions for insomnia disorder. Assuming an inverted-u relationship between arousal and performance, a theoretical possibility, supported by limited empirical data, is that the same mediating processes could negatively impact aspects of psychomotor performance, reducing speed on tests of reaction time.

Participants: Sedentary participants (mean age = 59. Read More

Sleep Med 2019 Jan 4;55:81-91. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Psychiatry, Center for Sleep and Circadian Science, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Background: Restricting time in bed improves insomnia symptoms, but the neural mechanisms for this effect are unknown. Total and partial acute sleep restriction may be useful paradigms for elucidating these effects. We examined the impact of acute sleep restriction on cerebral glucose metabolism during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in individuals with primary insomnia (n = 17) and good sleep (n = 19). Read More

Qual Life Res 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China.

Purpose: To conduct a linguistic and psychometric evaluation of a Chinese version of the Nonrestorative Sleep Scale (NRSS).

Methods: The Chinese NRSS was created from a standard forward-backward translation and trialed on 10 Chinese adults. Telephone interviews were then conducted with 100 adults, who completed the Chinese NRSS, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Toronto Hospital Alertness Test (THAT). Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2019 15;2019:7120169. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Qiaokou District, Wuhan 430030, China.

Background: Although the effectiveness of auricular plaster therapy (APT) on primary insomnia has been systematically reviewed, no systematic review of studies has focused on the effect on comorbid insomnia.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of APT for comorbid insomnia.

Methods: Fifteen databases were searched from inception to July 2018. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(7):e14509

Baoan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shenzhen, Shenzhen.

Background: Fire-needle moxibustion (FNM) is an ancient method of external therapy that combines acupuncture with moxibustion, and has the property of high temperature resistance. Insomnia is a major public health problem and strongly associated with a high prevalence, impact on daily life, comorbidity with other disorders, and societal costs. The clinical practice demonstrates that FNM has a therapeutic effect on insomnia. Read More

Front Psychol 2019 30;10:101. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Executive functions (EFs) are involved in the control of basic psychological processes such as attention and memory and also contribute to emotion regulation. Research on the presence of EFs impairments in insomnia yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, we performed a systematic review of the literature on three EFs: inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility in adults with insomnia in order to investigate the presence and magnitude of insomnia-related EFs impairments. Read More

Aging Ment Health 2019 Feb 12:1-7. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

a School of Health and Life Sciences , Federation University Australia , Ballarat , Victoria , Australia.

Objectives: To explore the experiences of older adults who participated in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) that tested cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia and depression.

Methods: Focus groups were conducted post treatment for older adults (M age = 75 years; 61% female) who participated in a RCT that tested two experiential interventions targeting comorbid insomnia and depression (cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia, CBT-I; cognitive behaviour therapy for insomnia plus positive mood strategies, CBT-I+). Six semi-structured focus group interviews (N = 31) were analysed using a qualitative thematic analysis. Read More

J Cardiol 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Suvorexant, an orexin receptor antagonist, is known as a safe and effective sleep medication. Many patients with heart failure (HF) have sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and are short sleepers, and it is unknown whether suvorexant is effective in HF patients and can improve insomnia safely. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of suvorexant on SDB in patients with HF. Read More

Trials 2019 Feb 8;20(1):110. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Psycho-Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Preoperative anxiety and postoperative delirium affect both short- and long-term prognoses in patients with cancer; therefore, these conditions require early prevention and treatment. However, no standard preventive or therapeutic methods have been established for them. Yokukansan, a Japanese herbal medicine for the treatment of insomnia and anxiety, causes relatively few adverse drug reactions and effectively improves the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2019 24;10. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea.

Willdenow is a herb known for its therapeutic effects in insomnia, depression, disorientation, and memory impairment. In Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal model, there has been no report on the effects of memory and cognitive impairment. PSM-04, an extract from the root of Willdenow, was developed with improved bioabsorption. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(6):e14424

Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic and autoimmune inflammatory disease ending with the destruction of joints. Current therapies can relieve RA symptoms, but some also bring severe adverse events. Therefore, an effective and safe therapeutic strategy remains to be created to benefit patients with RA by large. Read More

Sleep Med Rev 2018 Dec 25;44:70-82. Epub 2018 Dec 25.

Sleep and Epilepsy Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Civic Hospital (EOC) of Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland; Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:

Paradoxical insomnia is one of the most intriguing yet challenging subtypes of insomnia. Despite being recognized for a long time by the international community, it is still unclear whether this entity really exists, which are its features and boundaries. Much of the debate is fuelled by the lack of a consensus on its precise definition. Read More

Sleep Breath 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, 224, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK.

Purpose: This study aims to obtain consensus statements required for the development of clinical guidelines for the use of benzodiazepines (BZDs) and Z-drugs for the management of primary insomnia in adults in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Three rounds of the e-Delphi technique using a Bristol Online Survey (BOS) were conducted between May and August 2018. The Director of the Saudi Sleep Medicine Group helped recruit the country's sleep medicine experts. Read More

Cien Saude Colet 2019 Feb;24(2):535-544

Universidade Federal de Goiás. Goiânia GO Brasil.

The objective of this study was to describe and analyze factors associated with sexual violence (SV) among primary school students in Brazil. Data from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE in Portuguese) in 2015 was analyzed. The prevalence of total and disaggregated SV was calculated according to variables such as sociodemographic data, family context, mental health, risk behaviors, safety, and physical activity. Read More

Praxis (Bern 1994) 2019 Jan;108(2):131-138

2 Sleep and Health Zürich (SHZ), Universität Zürich.

Pharmacotherapy of Sleep-Wake Disorders Abstract. Sleep is a complex behavior, coordinated by many different brain regions and neurotransmitters. These neurochemical systems can be pharmacologically influenced to modulate wakefulness and sleep. Read More

Sleep 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Neurosciences, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.

Study Objectives: Insomnia is a prominent complaint in patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD). However, despite the importance of sleep in the maintenance of sobriety, treatment options for sleep disturbance associated with a history of AUD are currently limited. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that suvorexant, a dual Hct/OX receptor antagonist, normalizes sleep in patients with primary insomnia, yet its potential for the treatment of sleep pathology associated with AUD has not been investigated in either pre-clinical or clinical studies. Read More

Support Care Cancer 2019 Feb 1. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Hospital Rd, Concord, NSW, 2137, Australia.

Purpose: Cancer survivors experience significant health concerns compared to the general population. Sydney Survivorship Clinic (SSC) is a multi-disciplinary clinic aiming to help survivors treated with curative intent manage side effects, and establish a healthy lifestyle. Here, we determine the health concerns of survivors post-primary treatment. Read More

Br J Gen Pract 2019 Feb;69(679):79-80

Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Big Health Limited, London, UK, and San Francisco, US. Email:

J Clin Psychol 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

Objective: Kurdish immigrants in Sweden have a doubled risk of mental health problems, and refugee and immigrant populations underutilize mental health services. The present study investigated the efficacy of culturally adapted guided internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) for depressive symptoms in a Kurdish population.

Method: We included 50 individuals who were randomized to either an 8-week treatment or a wait-list. Read More

Clin Interv Aging 2019 15;14:155-165. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Nervous System Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland.

Purpose: Sleep disorders, such as insomnia with objective short sleep duration, are associated with increased risk of hypertension. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of insomnia and daytime sleepiness on the quality of life (QOL) among elderly hypertensive patients.

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional study covered 100 patients with hypertension. Read More

Am J Psychiatry 2019 Jan 30:appiajp201818060699. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Huddinge Hospital, Stockholm (Forsell, Jernelöv, Blom, Kraepelien, Svanborg, Andersson, Lindefors, Kaldo); Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (Jernelöv); Department of Behavioral Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden (Andersson); and Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden (Kaldo).

Objective:: This study aimed to demonstrate proof of concept for an adaptive treatment strategy in Internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (ICBT), where risk of treatment failure is assessed early in treatment and treatment for at-risk patients is adapted to prevent treatment failure.

Methods:: A semiautomated algorithm assessed risk of treatment failure early in treatment in 251 patients undergoing ICBT for insomnia with therapist guidance. At-risk patients were randomly assigned to continue standard ICBT or to receive adapted ICBT. Read More

J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2019 Jan 29. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

4 Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. , Marlborough, Massachusetts and Fort Lee, New Jersey.

Objective: Dasotraline is a potent inhibitor of presynaptic dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake with a pharmacokinetic profile characterized by slow absorption and a long elimination half-life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dasotraline in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: Children aged 6-12 years with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnosis of ADHD were randomized to 6 weeks of double-blind once-daily treatment with dasotraline (2 or 4 mg) or placebo. Read More

Br J Gen Pract 2019 Feb 28;69(679):e127-e133. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter.

Background: Over 1700 people are diagnosed with laryngeal cancer annually in England. Current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines on referral for suspected laryngeal cancer were based on clinical consensus, in the absence of primary care studies.

Aim: To identify and quantify the primary care features of laryngeal cancer. Read More

Pharmacy (Basel) 2019 Jan 26;7(1). Epub 2019 Jan 26.

University Sleep Disorders Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 225503, Riyadh 11324, Saudi Arabia.

Despite the risks associated with hypnotics and their recent increased use in Saudi Arabia, there are no specific national guidelines for using these medicines to treat insomnia nor are there any data on how these medicines are currently prescribed. There is the potential, however, that some physicians might be adhering to the United States guidelines. The current audit study was aimed to assess the current practice in treating insomnia with hypnotics in Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate its agreement with the US guidelines. Read More

J Alzheimers Dis 2019 ;67(3):911-921

University of California San Francisco, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for the Neurosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Background: Recent studies reveal an association between slow-wave sleep (SWS), amyloid-β aggregation, and cognition.

Objective: This retrospective study examines whether long-term use of trazodone, an SWS enhancer, is associated with delayed cognitive decline.

Methods: We identified 25 regular trazodone users (mean age 75. Read More

Eur J Intern Med 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

SleepImage, 3513 Brighton Blvd, Suite 530, Denver, CO 80216, USA.

Objective: To determine prevalence of comorbid undiagnosed sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in chronic insomnia patients, using two complementary methods, one standard and one novel.

Methods: Using prospective design, adult patients diagnosed with chronic insomnia, treated with prescription pharmacological agents for >3 months without prior objective sleep evaluation or diagnosis of SDB were invited to participate. All patients recorded their sleep for two consecutive nights using level 3 home-sleep-apnea-test (HSAT) device to derive Respiratory Event Index (REI) for OSA diagnosis. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2019 Jan 4;2(1):e187399. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Importance: Benzodiazepines are implicated in a growing number of overdose-related deaths.

Objectives: To quantify patterns in outpatient benzodiazepine prescribing and to compare them across specialties and indications.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This serial cross-sectional study (January 1, 2003, through December 31, 2015) used nationally representative National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data. Read More

J Sleep Res 2019 Jan 24:e12817. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for Music in the Brain, Aarhus University & the Royal Academy of Music, Aarhus/Aalborg, Denmark.

Music is often used as a self-help tool to alleviate insomnia. To evaluate the effect of bedtime music listening as a strategy for improving insomnia, we conducted an assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. Fifty-seven persons with insomnia disorder were included and randomized to music intervention (n = 19), audiobook control (n = 19) or a waitlist control group (n = 19). Read More

Hong Kong Med J 2019 Feb;25 Suppl 2:28-33

School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong.

Behav Modif 2019 Jan 22:145445518825363. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

2 Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Work-related stress is considered one of the biggest health and safety challenges among the member states of the European Union. A critical factor is recovery between periods of stress. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether a brief behaviorally oriented stress-recovery management intervention delivered in an individual setting could reduce stress symptoms among individuals with high levels of perceived stress. Read More

Am J Health Promot 2019 Jan 21:890117118823165. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

1 McGill Comprehensive Health Improvement Program, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Purpose:: To evaluate the results of a workplace wellness program that incorporates gamification principles.

Design:: In this prospective cohort study, the participation rate and observed health outcomes were evaluated after approximately 2 years.

Setting And Participants:: All permanent employees (n = 775) of a national company located in Canada were eligible to participate. Read More

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Background: Direct-acting antivirals effectively treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection but there is a paucity of data on their efficacy for acute HCV, when immediate treatment could prevent onward transmission. We assessed the efficacy of grazoprevir plus elbasvir treatment in acute HCV infection and investigated whether treatment can be shortened during the acute phase of HCV infection.

Methods: The Dutch Acute HCV in HIV study number 2 (DAHHS2) study was a single-arm, open-label, multicentre, phase 3b trial. Read More

J Ethnopharmacol 2019 Jan 15;234:8-20. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Erxian decoction (EXD), a famous Chinese herbal prescription, consists of Rhizoma Curculiginis, Herba Epimedii, Radix Morindae Officinalis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Cortex Phellodendri, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, all of which are recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

Objective: To conduct an updated systematic and meta-analysis investigating efficacy and safety of EXD for menopausal syndrome.

Methods: An electronic search was conducted in eight databases from inception until July 2018. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(3):e14099

Background: Melatonin is the "clock factor" generated from pineal gland dominating regular circadian rhythm in humans. Migraine is one of the most severe and debilitating primary headache disorders. Thus far, many diseases have been found to associate with melatonin, including the migraine. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(3):e13688

Xian Janssen Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Beijing.

Objective: This post hoc analysis of an open-label, single-arm, multicenter study was designed to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of paliperidone extended release (ER) in Chinese patients with non-acute schizophrenia, after switching from olanzapine.

Methods: Patients with schizophrenia who were dissatisfied with prior olanzapine treatment switched to flexible paliperidone ER (3-12 mg/day) based on clinical judgment. Change from baseline to week 12 in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total scores (primary endpoint), PANSS subscale scores, response rate, Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score, personal and social performance (PSP) scores, patient satisfaction with treatment score, change in sleep quality, level of daytime sleepiness and safety were evaluated. Read More

JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2018 12;2:1-12

N. Lynn Henry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; Kelley M. Kidwell, Cindy Alsamarraie, Celia M. Bridges, Daniel J. Clauw, Ellen M.L. Smith, and David A. Williams, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and Christine Kwiatkowski, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.

Purpose: Many survivors of breast cancer experience an array of chronic symptoms, including pain, insomnia, and fatigue. Few effective therapies have been identified. Behavioral management programs to address similar symptom clusters in other chronic conditions have been effective. Read More

Mo Med 2018 Nov-Dec;115(6):527-532

Madihah Hepburn, MD, Pradeep C. Bollu, MD, Pradeep Sahota, MD, MSMA member since 2003, and Brandi French, MD, are in the Department of Neurology, University of Missouri - Columbia.

Cerebrovascular disease encompassing both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes are among the leading causes of disability and mortality globally. The current evidence strongly suggests that identifying and addressing sleep disorders should be a part of both primary and secondary stroke prevention. Stroke and sleep are 'bedfellows' since sleep disorders, including sleep-disordered breathing, parasomnias, sleep-related movement disorders, insomnia, and hypersomnia are intimately intertwined with co-morbid cardiovascular conditions and increase stroke risk. Read More

Lancet Psychiatry 2019 Feb 7;6(2):151-163. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology and Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Background: Insomnia disorder is the second most prevalent mental disorder, and it is a primary risk factor for depression. Inconsistent clinical and biomarker findings in patients with insomnia disorder suggest that heterogeneity exists and that subtypes of this disease remain unrecognised. Previous top-down proposed subtypes in nosologies have had insufficient validity. Read More

Int J Audiol 2019 Jan 5:1-6. Epub 2019 Jan 5.

b Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital , University College London Hospitals , London , UK.

Objective: Insomnia frequently occurs alongside distressing tinnitus, and greater tinnitus severity is associated with more sleep disturbance. Insomnia and tinnitus probably share common underlying processes and sleep studies show striking similarities between primary and tinnitus-related insomnia. This is the first study to evaluate outcomes following insomnia-specific Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBTi) for tinnitus-related insomnia in a "real world" clinic. Read More

Sleep Med Rev 2018 Nov 23;44:23-36. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Centre d'étude des troubles du sommeil, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.

The advent of stepped-care and the need to disseminate cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) has led to novel interventions, which capitalize on non-specialist venues and/or health personnel. However, the translatability of these CBT-I programs into practice is unknown. This review evaluates the current state of CBT-I programs that are directly implemented in primary care and/or community settings. Read More

Brain Behav 2019 Feb 4;9(2):e01206. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Laboratory of Neurological, Department of Neurology, Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of sequential bilateral low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on patients with primary insomnia (PI).

Methods: A total of 32 eligible right-handed participants diagnosed by PI according to International classification of sleep disorders (ICD-3) were recruited into this study. Participants received 10 daily sessions of sequential bilateral 1 Hz rTMS over DLPFC. Read More

Clin Ther 2018 Dec 28. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA, United States.

Purpose: Solriamfetol (JZP-110), a selective dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with robust wake-promoting effects, is currently being evaluated for the reduction of sleepiness and improvement of wakefulness in patients with narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of food on the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters and bioavailability of solriamfetol at the highest intended therapeutic dose in healthy adults and to characterize its renal excretion under fasting conditions.

Methods: In this open-label, randomized, crossover study, healthy adult subjects received a single 300-mg dose of solriamfetol in a fasted condition (10 h) and in a fed condition (30 min after the start of a standardized high-fat, high-calorie breakfast), with at least a 7-day washout period between doses. Read More

Integr Med Res 2018 Dec 10;7(4):328-332. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Insomnia is a prevalent disorder leading to psychological problems such as anxiety and depression.

Methods: This study investigates the effect of a combination of herbs ( L. and Boiss. Read More

Anticancer Res 2019 Jan;39(1):271-277

Helsinki University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Palliative Care and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Background/aim: To observe changes in symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over 7 years among cancer patients at different stages of the disease.

Patients And Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study at the Helsinki University Hospital Cancer Center, was carried out in 2006 and repeated in 2013. All participants filled in the EORTC-QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Read More

Trials 2018 Dec 27;19(1):707. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.

Background: Despite the high prevalence of insomnia in patients with advanced cancer, there are no randomized controlled trials on pharmacological interventions for insomnia in this group of patients. A variety of pharmacological agents is recommended to manage sleep disturbance for insomnia in the general population, but their efficacy and safety in adults with advanced cancer are not established. Thus, there is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of medications for insomnia in order to improve the evidence in patients with advanced cancer. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 12 27;12:CD013094. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham, UK, NG1 5DU.

Background: Tinnitus affects 10% to 15% of the adult population, with about 20% of these experiencing symptoms that negatively affect quality of life. In England alone there are an estimated ¾ million general practice consultations every year where the primary complaint is tinnitus, equating to a major burden on healthcare services. Clinical management strategies include education and advice, relaxation therapy, tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT), cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), sound enrichment using ear-level sound generators or hearing aids, and drug therapies to manage co-morbid symptoms such as insomnia, anxiety or depression. Read More

Nat Sci Sleep 2018 14;10:453-480. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada,

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed disorders in childhood, enduring through adolescence and adulthood and presenting with symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity and significantly impairing functioning. Primary sleep disorders such as sleep-disordered breathing, restless leg syndrome, circadian rhythm sleep disorder, insomnia, and narcolepsy are commonly comorbid in these individuals but not often assessed and are therefore often left untreated. Sleep disturbances in individuals with ADHD can result in significant functional impairments that affect mood, attention, behavior, and ultimately school/work performance and quality of life. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 12 22;12:CD011315. Epub 2018 Dec 22.

Department of Psychology, Mejiro University, 4-31-1 Naka-Ochiai, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 161-8539.

Background: Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) refer to a group of synthetic stimulants including amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) and related substances. ATS are highly addictive and prolonged use may result in a series of mental and physical symptoms including anxiety, confusion, insomnia, mood disturbances, cognitive impairments, paranoia, hallucinations and delusion.Currently there is no widely accepted treatment for ATS-use disorder. Read More