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J Ethnopharmacol 2018 Nov 22;231:386-393. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: A folk herb Adenosma buchneroides found in the previous ethnobotanical investigation plays an important role as an insect repellent among the Aini people in southwest of China, but the active compounds responsible for repellent activity of the plant have not yet been investigated.

Aim Of The Study: The main purpose of the study is to identify the active components of the essential oil which responsible for its repellent activity against Aedes albopictus to support the usage of the plant as mosquito repellent by Aini people. In addition, to supply a class of potential alternatives characterized carvacrol analogues to develop natural repellent products. Read More

Prev Med Rep 2019 Mar 13;13:16-22. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

EPPI-Centre, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK.

Lyme disease (LD) is an infection transferred to humans through bites from infected ticks. Surveillance indicates that the number of LD cases is increasing in the UK, therefore, improved knowledge about reducing transmission from ticks to humans is needed. Eighteen electronic databases were searched and additional web-based searching was conducted, to locate empirical research, published from 2002 onwards. Read More

Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2018 Dec 26;103:46-52. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address:

Rhodnius prolixus is one of the most important vectors of Chagas disease in Central and South America for which repellents and attractants are sorely needed. Repellents like DEET, picaridin, and IR3535 are widely used as the first line of defense against mosquitoes and other vectors, but they are ineffective against R. prolixus. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Nov 2. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Dermatology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School at Houston. Electronic address:

Malaria, Zika virus, West Nile virus, Dengue fever, and Lyme disease are common causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. While arthropod bites may cause local inflammation and discomfort, a greater concern is the potential to develop deadly systemic infection. The use of insect repellents (IR) to prevent systemic infections constitutes a fundamental public health effort. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 2;2018:6860271. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan, Chungnam 31537, Republic of Korea.

The development of effective and safe repellents against arthropods is very important, because there are no effective vaccines against arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) and parasites. Arboviruses and parasites are transmitted to humans from arthropods, and mosquitoes are the most common arthropods associated with dengue, malaria, and yellow fever. Enormous efforts have been made to develop effective repellents against arthropods, and thus far synthetic repellents have been widely used. Read More

Biol Lett 2018 Oct 31;14(10). Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA.

In the face of mosquito-borne disease outbreaks, effective mosquito control is a primary goal for public health. Insect repellents, containing active compounds such as DEET and picaridin, are a first defence against biting insects. Owing to widespread use and incomplete sewage treatment, these compounds are frequently detected in surface waters, but their effects on aquatic taxa such as mosquito larvae or their naturally occurring aquatic predators are poorly understood. Read More

Malar J 2018 Oct 29;17(1):397. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute, Kiko Avenue, Mikocheni, PO Box 78373, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania.

Background: Behaviour changes in mosquitoes from indoor to outdoor biting result in continuing risk of malaria from outdoor activities, including routine household activities and occasional social and cultural practices and gatherings. This study aimed to identify the range of social and cultural gatherings conducted outdoors and their associated risks for mosquito bites.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four villages in the Kilombero Valley from November 2015 to March 2016. Read More

Molecules 2018 Oct 27;23(11). Epub 2018 Oct 27.

Post Graduation Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.

K. Schum (Sterculiaceae), commonly known in Brazil as 'pitó', is traditionally used by indigenous peoples as insecticides and repellents. The present work reports on the the phytoconstituents from aerial parts of and evaluation of the larvicidal potential of its extract. Read More

J Biomed Opt 2018 Oct;23(10):1-11

Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, Center for Innovation, Technology and Education, São José dos Campos, Brazil.

We present the use of Raman spectroscopy for determination of functional characteristics of insect repellents and sunscreens by identifying the active ingredients of these products applied topically to the skin. Commercial formulations of insect repellents and sunscreens (SPF 15 and 30) were obtained, and Raman spectra were obtained from the formulations and from volunteers' skins with topical applications of such products compared to controls. The results indicated that, for insect repellents, the peaks at 527 and 1003  cm  -  1 were markers of the presence of the active ingredient diethyl toluamide in the skin, while for sunscreens, the peaks at 1177, 1288, and 1611  cm  -  1, associated to octinoxate, benzophenone-3, and avobenzone, were markers of the presence of solar filters in the skin. Read More

Malar J 2018 Oct 17;17(1):368. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania.

Background: Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying protect against indoor-biting and indoor-resting mosquitoes but are largely ineffective for early-biting and outdoor-biting malaria vectors. Complementary tools are, therefore, needed to accelerate control efforts. This paper describes simple hessian ribbons treated with spatial repellents and wrapped around eaves of houses to prevent outdoor-biting and indoor-biting mosquitoes over long periods of time. Read More

J Chem Ecol 2018 Dec 6;44(12):1120-1126. Epub 2018 Oct 6.

Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Auburn University, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849-5413, USA.

The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is a vector of many human diseases such as yellow fever, dengue fever, and Zika. As insecticide resistance has been widely reported, chemical repellents have been adopted as alternative options for mosquito and mosquito-borne disease control. This study characterized the responses of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in different types of antennal olfactory sensilla in Ae. Read More

Molecules 2018 Sep 21;23(10). Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Products from Li Folk Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.

Daphnauranins C⁻E (compounds ⁻), two sesquiterpenoids and one monoterpenoid were isolated from the roots of Diels. Daphnauranin C is a 9--13 etherified and hydroperoxy-substituted guaiane sesquiterpenoid, daphnauranin D is a guaiane sesquiterpenoid ketal, and daphnauranin E is a monoterpenoid lactone. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analyses of MS, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Sep 19;8(1):14053. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Agroecosystem Management Research Unit, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583, USA.

Hematophagous arthropods are capable of transmitting human and animal pathogens worldwide. Vector-borne diseases account for 17% of all infectious diseases resulting in 700,000 human deaths annually. Repellents are a primary tool for reducing the impact of biting arthropods on humans and animals. Read More

SAR QSAR Environ Res 2018 Sep;29(9):693-723

a CTIS, Rillieux la Pape , France.

Repellents disrupt the behaviour of blood-seeking mosquitoes protecting humans against their bites which can transmit serious diseases. Since the mid-1950s, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is considered as the standard mosquito repellent worldwide. However, DEET presents numerous shortcomings. Read More

Environ Health Prev Med 2018 Sep 15;23(1):45. Epub 2018 Sep 15.

Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan.

Background: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) is a nation-wide birth cohort study investigating environmental effects on children's health and development. In this study, the exposure characteristics of the JECS participating mothers were summarized using two questionnaires administered during pregnancy.

Methods: Women were recruited during the early period of their pregnancy. Read More

Saudi Pharm J 2018 Sep 27;26(6):860-864. Epub 2018 Mar 27.

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey.

The essential oils (EOs) of (Am) and (As) (Asteraceae) were extracted from the aerial parts of the plants by hydrodistillation, and their chemical compositions were analyzed using GC-FID and GC-MS. Fifty-six components representing 85.5% of the oil composition of were identified, and the major components were -pinene (17. Read More

Food Microbiol 2018 Dec 26;76:363-373. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico. Electronic address:

The antifungal activity and chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by four Hypoxylon anthochroum endophytic strains were analyzed. The bioactivity of the VOCs synthesized at different periods of incubation on rice medium was assessed, both in vivo and in vitro, against the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum. The in vivo effect was evaluated on cherry tomatoes, while the mechanism of action was determined in vitro analyzing the phytopathogen's growth, respiration and cell membrane permeability. Read More

Mikrobiyol Bul 2018 Jul;52(3):308-315

Public Health General Directorate, Microbiology Reference Laboratories and Biological Products Department, National Arboviruses and Viral Zoonoses Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey.

Zika virus is a Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae, and transmitted to humans by Aedes species mosquitoes. Zika virus infection is asymptomatic in 80% of cases and has a mild course when symptoms occur. These symptoms include headache, myalgia, mild fever, maculopapular rash and conjunctivitis. Read More

Molecules 2018 Aug 24;23(9). Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.

Toxic and repellent effects of the essential oil from Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum (Maxim. Read More

Pest Manag Sci 2018 Aug 23. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Background: The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, is one of the most dangerous invasive species in the world. Fire ants can spread by hiding among plant material and soil that are transported from infested areas in vehicles and vessels. Therefore, efficient repellents may be used to prevent fire ants from infesting transported goods. Read More

Se Pu 2018 Jul;36(7):678-684

Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are a group of serious environmental pollutants that are carcinogenic or tumorigenic to humans. In this work, a green, rapid, and effective analytical method based on supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) has been proposed for the simultaneous determination of the eight PAE plasticizers in sports beverage samples. They are dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dipropyl phthalate (DPRP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dipentyl phthalate (DPP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and di--octyl phthalate (DNOP). Read More

J R Soc Interface 2018 Aug;15(145)

Department of Biology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Personal protection measures, such as bed nets and repellents, are important tools for the suppression of vector-borne diseases like malaria and Zika, and the ability of health agencies to distribute protection and encourage its use plays an important role in the efficacy of community-wide disease management strategies. Recent modelling studies have shown that a counterintuitive diversity-driven amplification in community-wide disease levels can result from a population's partial adoption of personal protection measures, potentially to the detriment of disease management efforts. This finding, however, may overestimate the negative impact of partial personal protection as a result of implicit restrictive model assumptions regarding host compliance, access to and longevity of protection measures. Read More

Med Lett Drugs Ther 2018 08;60(1553):129-132

Phytomedicine 2018 Jul 5;46:57-68. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India. Electronic address:

Background: Callistemon citrinus has been traditionally known for its medicinal property. Recently, our research group identified 1,8-Cineole, as one of the predominant compound present in the hexane extract (HE-C), whose leaves have potent anticancer activity.

Hypothesis/purpose: The present study was designed to isolate 1,8-Cineole from Callistemon citrinus plant and to determine their role in anticancer effects in in vitro using skin carcinoma cells. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Aug 9;11(1):460. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.

Background: Haemaphysalis longicornis is a tick of importance to health, as it serves as a vector of several pathogens, including Theileria orientalis, Babesia ovata, Rickettsia japonica and the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). Presently, the major method of control for this tick is the use of chemical acaricides. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) system is one mechanism through which the tick metabolizes these acaricides. Read More

Eur J Pharmacol 2018 Sep 3;835:140-146. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany. Electronic address:

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) represents a benign neoplasm of the nasal mucosa, which leads to a decreased breathing capacity and reduced olfaction. The pathogenesis and the molecular mechanisms driving nasal polyps are not very well known. GSK-3 is involved in the regulation of various biosynthetic pathways and various kinases are able to regulate the GSK-3. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Jul 31;11(1):437. Epub 2018 Jul 31.

Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy.

Background: Over-expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins has been implicated in resistance of ticks to acaricides. Tick cell lines are useful for investigating resistance mechanisms, as development of an in vitro model for the study of acaricide resistance would contribute to improving knowledge of the molecular basis behind drug processing and exclusion in ticks. In the present study, cultures of the Ixodes ricinus-derived cell line IRE/CTVM19 were treated with the acaricides amitraz, permethrin or fipronil to determine modulation of ABC transporter gene expression. Read More

J Chem Ecol 2018 Oct 27;44(10):922-939. Epub 2018 Jul 27.

Department of Entomology, Rutgers University P.E. Marucci Center, 125A Lake Oswego Rd, Chatsworth, NJ, USA.

Significant progress has been made in understanding the cues involved in the host and mate seeking behaviors of spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura). This insect pest has been discovered in many fruit growing regions around the world since 2008. Unlike closely related Drosophila species, D. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Jul 25;11(1):432. Epub 2018 Jul 25.

MIVEGEC, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Background: Vector-borne diseases are major public health concerns, and their control is threatened by the spread of insecticide resistance in vector populations. In this context, the use of repellents is an alternative approach to limit vector-host interactions. However, prior exposure to repellents is suspected to affect mosquito behavior at the subsequent exposure, possibly reducing the efficacy of the compound. Read More

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2018 Oct 15;91:754-761. Epub 2018 Jun 15.

Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Maschinenwesen, Institut für Textilmaschinen und Textile Hochleistungswerkstofftechnik (ITM), 01062 Dresden, Germany.

Core-sheath structured fibres were developed for application as part of an alternative malaria vector control intervention aimed at reducing outdoor malaria transmission. The fibres were prepared by melt spinning of high density polyethylene (HDPE) as sheath and with a concentrate containing volatile N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) in poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) as core. The concentrate was prepared by a simple absorption processes to a content up to 40 wt% DEET. Read More

Curr Drug Discov Technol 2018 Jul 17. Epub 2018 Jul 17.

Vaish Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Rohtak-124001. India.

Mosquito borne diseases such as malaria, filariasis, chikunguniya, yellow fever, dengue and Japanese encephalitis are the major cause of remarkable morbidity and mortality in livestock and humans worldwide. Since ancient times, aromatic plants are used for their medicinal value. Essential oils derived from these plants may be used as effective alternatives/adjuvents in pharmaceuticals, biomedical, cosmetic, food, veterinary and agriculture applications. Read More

J Oleo Sci 2018 Aug 17;67(8):1027-1034. Epub 2018 Jul 17.

Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University.

The essential oils (EOs) extracted from Evodia lenticellata Huang and Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. leaves are screened to evaluate their contact toxicity and repellency towards Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Lasioderma serricorne (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) and Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae) adults. Read More

Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018 Oct 17;81:182-188. Epub 2018 Jul 17.

Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

The aim of the present study was to investigate beneficial effects of dietary 1,8-cineole (cineole) supplementation on physiological, immunological and antioxidant responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to crowding stress. The fish were fed for 50 days with diets containing 0 (control), 0.05, 0. Read More

Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2018 12;31(5):252-260. Epub 2018 Jul 12.

Therapeutics Research Centre, Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Background/aims: This study aimed to investigate transfollicular delivery enhancement of caffeine from nanoemulsion formulations incorporating oleic acid (OA) and eucalyptol (EU) as chemical penetration enhancers.

Methods: Caffeine permeation was evaluated from nanoemulsions containing OA or EU and an aqueous control solution through excised human full-thickness skin with hair follicles opened, blocked, or left untreated. Differential tape stripping was performed, followed by cyanoacrylate skin surface biopsies to determine the amount of caffeine in the hair follicles, and skin extraction to determine the retention of caffeine in the skin. Read More

Molecules 2018 Jul 11;23(7). Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy.

Electrospun beta-cyclodextrin (βCD)-based polymers can combine a high surface-to-volume ratio and a high loading/controlled-release-system potential. In this work, pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/βCD-based nanosponge microfibers were used to study the capability to host a common insect repellent (,-diethyl-3-toluamide (DEET)) and to monitor its release over time. Fibrous samples characterized by an average fibrous diameter of 2. Read More

Anticancer Res 2018 Jul;38(7):3831-3842

Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine (USUHS), Bethesda, MD, U.S.A.

Background/aim: Our studies showed that ANXA7 is a novel tumor suppressor gene that is lost in various aggressive forms of prostate cancer. However, little is known about the role of ANXA7 in the anticancer drug treatment towards different cancers.

Materials And Methods: The expression of ANXA7 was measured in the 60 cancer cell lines of the NCI-60 ADS project and correlated with the enhanced sensitivity to over 30,000 natural and synthetic compounds. Read More

Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018 Aug 30;97:209-224. Epub 2018 Jun 30.

Defence Research Laboratory, Tezpur, Assam, 784001, India. Electronic address:

In the recent years, growing concern about the potential toxicity of synthetic repellents has led to the development of environmentally safe non-toxic insect control methods. Present investigation explores the toxicological impacts of ethyl anthranilate-loaded mosquito repellent patch (EAMRP) on respiratory system following acute and sub-chronic inhalation exposure in Wistar rats. Lungs parameters such as enhanced pause, tidal volume, respiration rate, inspiration time, and expiration time were determined using whole body plethysmograph. Read More

Molecules 2018 Jun 23;23(7). Epub 2018 Jun 23.

Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.

Hydrolysis of (±)-β-aryl-γ-ethylidene-γ-lactones by fungal strain AM370 afforded (−)-()-γ-ethylidene-γ-lactones ⁻ and (+)-()-γ-ketoacids ⁻. Enantiomeric purity of the unreacted lactones was strictly related to a size of an aryl substituent at C-4 of γ-lactone ring, with the highest (77%) obtained for the (−)-()-γ-ethylidene-γ-lactone possessing unsubstituted benzene ring () and the lowest one (15%) determined for the (−)-()-γ-ethylidene-γ-lactone with bulky 1,3-benzodioxole system (). Lactones ⁻, both racemic and enantiomerically enriched, as well as products of their hydrolysis showed varying degrees of feeding deterrent activity against lesser mealworm, Panzer, which depended on the structure of the compound and the developmental stage of the lesser mealworm. Read More

PLoS One 2018 19;13(6):e0199386. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America.

Insect repellents are widely used to fend off nuisance mosquitoes and, more importantly, to reduce or eliminate mosquito bites in areas where viruses and other vector-borne diseases are circulating. Synthesized more than six decades ago, DEET is the most widely used insect repellent. Plant-derived compounds are used in a plethora of commercial formulations and natural recipes to repel mosquitoes. Read More

Environ Pollut 2018 Oct 7;241:616-625. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Université Clermont Auvergne, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, BP 10448, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France. Electronic address:

Although organic species are transported and efficiently transformed in clouds, more than 60% of this organic matter remains unspeciated. Using GCxGC-HRMS technique we were able to detect and identify over 100 semi-volatile compounds in 3 cloud samples collected at the PUY station (puy de Dôme mountain, France) while they were present at low concentrations in a very small sample volume (<25 mL of cloud water). The vast majority (∼90%) of the detected compounds was oxygenated, while the absence of halogenated organic compounds should be specially mentioned. Read More

Protoplasma 2018 Nov 3;255(6):1763-1776. Epub 2018 Jun 3.

Department of Botany, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka St., 20-950, Lublin, Poland.

The self-incompatible flowers of Linaria vulgaris have developed a range of mechanisms for attraction of insect visitors/pollinators and deterrence of ineffective pollinators and herbivores. These adaptive traits include the flower size and symmetry, the presence of a spur as a "secondary nectar presenter," olfactory (secondary metabolites) and sensual (scent, flower color, nectar guide-contrasting palate) signals, and floral rewards, i.e. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018 Sep 29;160:342-348. Epub 2018 May 29.

Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, China. Electronic address:

In this work, the essential oil (EO) was extracted from the fruits of Evodia lenticellata, and the fumigant toxicity, contact toxicity and repellency against three stored-product insect species were evaluated for the obtained EO and several of its chemical components. The target insects were the adults of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Lasioderma serricorne (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) and Liposcelis bostrychophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae). The EO was obtained with hydrodistillation and its chemical components were analyzed with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Read More

Prev Vet Med 2018 Jul 12;155:75-85. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna "G. Pegreffi" - Centro di Sorveglianza Epidemiologica, Via XX Settembre n°9, 09125, Cagliari, CA, Italy.

Bluetongue (BT) is a vector-borne disease transmitted by species of Culicoides midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Many studies have contributed to clarifying various aspects of its aetiology, epidemiology and vector dynamic; however, BT remains a disease of epidemiological and economic importance that affects ruminants worldwide. Since 2000, the Sardinia region has been the most affected area of the Mediterranean basin. Read More

Environ Pollut 2018 Sep 17;240:775-780. Epub 2018 May 17.

Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P. O. Box 1672, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.

The perennial evergreen woody shrub, Rhododendron tomentosum, confers associational resistance against herbivory and oviposition on neighbouring plants through passive adsorption of some of its constitutively emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The adsorption process is dependent on transport of VOCs in the air. In polluted atmospheres, the VOCs may be degraded and adsorption impeded. Read More

Fitoterapia 2018 Jul 16;128:86-92. Epub 2018 May 16.

Facultad de Ciencias UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, México DF, CP 04510, Del. Coyoacán, Mexico.

This study reports on the volatile profile and pharmacological activities of the essential oil and resin from Bursera slechtendalii, an aromatic medicinal tree commercialized in southern Mexico. The essential oil contained 25 volatiles including p-cymen-8-ol (25.4-35. Read More

PLoS One 2018 17;13(5):e0196757. Epub 2018 May 17.

Université de la Réunion, UM 134 Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR9192, IRD UMR249, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Sainte Clotilde, France.

Background: The essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus (CC), Pelargonium graveolens (PG) and Vetiveria zizanioides (VZ) are commonly used topically to prevent mosquito bites and thus the risk of infection by their vectored pathogens such as arboviruses. However, since mosquito bites are not fully prevented, the effect of these products on the level of viral infection remains unknown.

Objectives: To evaluate in vitro the essentials oils from Reunion Island against one archetypal arbovirus, the Ross River virus (RRV), and investigate the viral cycle step that was impaired by these oils. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2018 Mar-Apr;51(2):256-257

Departamento de Dermatologia e Radioterapia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.

PLoS One 2018 15;13(5):e0196410. Epub 2018 May 15.

Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.

Pyrethroid-treated clothing is commonly worn for protection against mosquitoes; pyrethroids are both insecticides and repellents. Pyrethroid resistance has become increasingly common in Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue, Zika, and other arboviruses, but it is not clear whether resistance is associated with reductions in repellency. In order to determine whether long-lasting permethrin impregnated (LLPI) clothing is protective, we used Aedes aegypti from New Orleans, LA (pyrethroid-sensitive) and San Juan, PR (resistant) to measure both lethality and repellency. Read More

J Sci Food Agric 2018 Dec 30;98(15):5822-5831. Epub 2018 Jun 30.

Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de los Alimentos (ICTA). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.

Background: The insecticidal and repellent effects on adult Sitophilus zeamais of 12 cinnamaldehyde-related compounds was evaluated by contact toxicity bioassays and a two-choice olfactometer. To determine non-toxicity in mammals, body weight, serum biochemical profiles, liver weight, physiological parameters, sperm motility, and histopathological data were obtained as complementary information in C57BL/6 mice treated with the best natural compound.

Results: Based on 24 h LC and LC values, α-methyl-cinnamaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde exhibited better insecticidal action than the other compounds. Read More

Arch Dermatol Res 2018 May 11. Epub 2018 May 11.

Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 90 Medical Center Way, Box 0989, Surge Building, Room 110, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.

There are at least 15 factors that influence the ability of chemicals to penetrate the skin. Substantivity is yet another factor and allows penetrants to remain on and in skin for many days. As many skin pathologies involve stratum corneum and require multiple dosing of topicals, understanding substantivity mechanisms may provide insight for topical dosing strategies. Read More