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Sci Rep 2019 Feb 6;9(1):1524. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.

There is an increased need for improved and affordable insect repellents to reduce transmission of rapidly spreading diseases with high mortality rates. Natural products are often used when DEET cannot be afforded or accessed and when consumers choose not to use a synthetic repellent. The essential oils from two newly bred Nepeta cataria (catnip) plants representing two different chemotypes and their respective isolated nepetalactone isomers were evaluated as mosquito repellents against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that transmit the Zika and Dengue virus in a one choice landing rate inhibition assay. Read More

Se Pu 2019 Jan;37(1):2-7

Animal, Plant and Food Inspection Center, Nanjing Customs, Nanjing 210019, China.

A method was established for the determination of amitraz (AMZ), and its metabolites semiamitraz (DMPF), 2,4-dimethylformamidine (DMF) and 2,4-dimethylaniline (DMA) in vegetables and fruits by using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The samples were diluted with 0.1 mol/L sodium hydroxide and extracted with -hexane-isopropanol (2:1, v/v). Read More

Parasit Vectors 2019 Jan 23;12(1):52. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Background: Vector-borne diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the USA. Effective, convenient prevention methods are needed. Long-lasting permethrin-impregnated (LLPI) clothing can prevent tick bites, however, additional information is needed on the real-world effectiveness and safety of this preventative measure. Read More

Pest Manag Sci 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Background: Mosquitoes are hematophagous insects of major public health concern, serving as vectors of many diseases. Available products for personal protection against mosquitoes lack adequate efficacy and in most cases need to be reapplied or replaced frequently. In recent years, the encapsulation of the active repellents in various matrices has arisen as an alternative method for the development of new-generation repellent systems. Read More

Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol 2018 ;67(3):129-133

Objectives: In the Czech Republic, autochtonous transmission of mosquito borne diseases is not common; however, the need for personal protection should not be underestimated. Many people still rely on homemade repellents utilizing recipes based on local folk wisdom that are published annually in local Czech media. Despite minimal disease risk, nuisance biting and potential allergic responses make it essential to evaluate the chemical composition, effect, and duration of four homemade repellents often used and determine the necessity for public health education on application and use of alternative repellent products. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Mar 29;169:807-813. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, NO.19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China. Electronic address:

In this work, the essential oils (EO) were extracted from seven typical Chinese herbs, and their repellent and contact toxicities against Tribolium castaneum adults (red flour beetles) were evaluated. The experimental results showed that the above EOs presented the various levels of repellent and contact toxicities. The EOs extracted from A. Read More

J Ethnopharmacol 2019 Mar 19;232:236-243. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The neem tree (Azadirachta indica A.Juss), of the Meliaceae family, has been used in India for millennia in traditional medicine. Parts of the tree are used to treat problems with the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, and hair; to combat infections of smallpox and plasmodium; and to treat ulcers, diabetes, blood pressure, headache, and heartburn. Read More

J Econ Entomol 2018 Dec 19. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas (CIPEIN)-UNIDEF-CITEDEF-CONICET, San Juan Bautista de La Salle, Villa Martelli, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

The global resurgence of the bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) and the widespread resistance of this insect to pyrethroid insecticides have created the need to find alternatives to chemical control. Thus, synthetic or natural repellents have been considered as a suitable choice to control bed bug infestations. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Dec 17;11(1):661. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.

Background: Protecting people outdoors against mosquito-borne diseases is a major challenge. Here we compared commercially available personal protection methods to identify the most effective method for outdoor use in northern Lao PDR.

Methods: From June to August 2016 the protective efficacy of treatments were compared in a secondary forest during the afternoon and a village during the evening. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Dec 14;18(1):663. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: To combat emerging drug resistance in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) the World Health Organization and GMS countries have committed to eliminating malaria in the region by 2030. The overall approach includes providing universal access to diagnosis and treatment of malaria, and sustainable preventive measures, including vector control. Topical repellents are an intervention that can be used to target residual malaria transmission not covered by long lasting insecticide nets and indoor residual spraying. Read More

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019 Jan 23;65:40-45. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Zoetis, Inc., Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Kalamazoo, MI, 49007, USA.

Amitraz is an acaricide and insecticide widely used in agriculture and veterinary medicine. Although central nervous system (CNS) toxicity is one of major toxicities following oral ingestion of amitraz, the understanding of the cause of the toxicity is limited. This study evaluated the systemic and brain exposure of amitraz and its major metabolites, BTS27271, 2',4'-formoxylidide, and 2,4-dimethylaniline following administration of amitraz in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Read More

Malar J 2018 Nov 26;17(1):437. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

GearJump Technologies, LLC, P.O. Box 1600, Boston, MA, 02446, USA.

Background: The emergence of mosquitoes that can avoid indoor-deployed interventions, such as treated bed nets and indoor residual spraying, threatens the mainstay of malaria control in Zambia. Furthermore, the requirement for high coverage of these tools poses operational challenges. Spatial repellents are being assessed to supplement these vector control tools, but limitations exist in the residual effect of the repellent and the need for external power or heat for diffusion of the volatiles. Read More

J Ethnopharmacol 2019 Mar 22;231:386-393. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: A folk herb Adenosma buchneroides found in the previous ethnobotanical investigation plays an important role as an insect repellent among the Aini people in southwest of China, but the active compounds responsible for repellent activity of the plant have not yet been investigated.

Aim Of The Study: The main purpose of the study is to identify the active components of the essential oil which responsible for its repellent activity against Aedes albopictus to support the usage of the plant as mosquito repellent by Aini people. In addition, to supply a class of potential alternatives characterized carvacrol analogues to develop natural repellent products. Read More

Aquat Toxicol 2019 Jan 12;206:81-90. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.

Phthalate esters (PAEs), one class of the most frequently detected endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in marine environment, have aroused wide public concerns because of their carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and mutagenicity. However, the environmental fate of PAEs in the occurrence of harmful algal blooms remains unclear. In this research, four PAEs with different alkyl chains, i. Read More

J Food Sci 2018 Dec 20;83(12):3035-3043. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Dept. of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Univ., Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.

A multifunctional film with insect-repellent and antimicrobial activities was developed. Star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f. Read More

Prev Med Rep 2019 Mar 13;13:16-22. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

EPPI-Centre, UCL Institute of Education, University College London, London, UK.

Lyme disease (LD) is an infection transferred to humans through bites from infected ticks. Surveillance indicates that the number of LD cases is increasing in the UK, therefore, improved knowledge about reducing transmission from ticks to humans is needed. Eighteen electronic databases were searched and additional web-based searching was conducted, to locate empirical research, published from 2002 onwards. Read More

Plant Cell Rep 2019 Jan 15;38(1):101-116. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China.

Key Message: Analysis of terpenoids content, transcriptome from Chamaemelum nobile showed that the content of the terpenoids in the roots was the highest and key genes involved in the terpenoids synthesis pathway were identified. Chamaemelum nobile is a widely used herbaceous medicinal plant rich in volatile oils, mainly composed of terpenoids. It is widely used in food, cosmetics, medicine, and other fields. Read More

J Oleo Sci 2018 Dec 15;67(12):1571-1577. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University.

In this work, we investigated insecticidal and repellent activities of the essential oils extracted from Ajania nitida and Ajania nematoloba against Tribolium castaneum and Lasioderma serricorne adults. The components of essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS. The main components of A. Read More

Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2018 Dec 26;103:46-52. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address:

Rhodnius prolixus is one of the most important vectors of Chagas disease in Central and South America for which repellents and attractants are sorely needed. Repellents like DEET, picaridin, and IR3535 are widely used as the first line of defense against mosquitoes and other vectors, but they are ineffective against R. prolixus. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Nov 2. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Dermatology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School at Houston. Electronic address:

Malaria, Zika virus, West Nile virus, Dengue fever, and Lyme disease are common causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. While arthropod bites may cause local inflammation and discomfort, a greater concern is the potential to develop deadly systemic infection. The use of insect repellents (IR) to prevent systemic infections constitutes a fundamental public health effort. Read More

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol 2019 Jan 2;100(1):e21509. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China.

Botanical pesticides play increasingly important roles in the control of agricultural pests. In this study, the insecticidal effects, specifically the repellent action and contact toxicity, of the essential oil extracted from Chinese chive (EOC) against Plutella xylostella larvae were confirmed. The mechanisms of repellent's action were studied using electroantennograms (EAGs), and the effects on glutathione S-transferase (GST), carboxylesterase (CarE), and acetyl cholinesterase were investigated after EOC treatments. Read More

Vet Parasitol 2018 Nov 28;263:10-17. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.

The best preventive strategy for canine leishmaniasis is, to date, unknown. In the last few years, new preventive measures have become available in Europe, including vaccination against leishmaniasis and the use of domperidone. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the different preventive measures available against leishmaniasis in client-owned dogs. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 2;2018:6860271. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, 22 Soonchunhyang-ro, Asan, Chungnam 31537, Republic of Korea.

The development of effective and safe repellents against arthropods is very important, because there are no effective vaccines against arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) and parasites. Arboviruses and parasites are transmitted to humans from arthropods, and mosquitoes are the most common arthropods associated with dengue, malaria, and yellow fever. Enormous efforts have been made to develop effective repellents against arthropods, and thus far synthetic repellents have been widely used. Read More

Biol Lett 2018 Oct 31;14(10). Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Box AB, Millbrook, NY 12545, USA.

In the face of mosquito-borne disease outbreaks, effective mosquito control is a primary goal for public health. Insect repellents, containing active compounds such as DEET and picaridin, are a first defence against biting insects. Owing to widespread use and incomplete sewage treatment, these compounds are frequently detected in surface waters, but their effects on aquatic taxa such as mosquito larvae or their naturally occurring aquatic predators are poorly understood. Read More

Molecules 2018 Oct 30;23(11). Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy.

To highlight the importance of the spices in the Mediterranean diet, the aim of the paper was to study the essential oil compositions and to clarify the potential differences in the biological activities of the three cardamom species. In the study, we compared the phytochemical profiles and biological activities of essential oils from , and . The oils were analyzed using the GC and GC/MS techniques and were mainly constituted of the oxygenated monoterpenes which represents 71. Read More

Malar J 2018 Oct 29;17(1):397. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute, Kiko Avenue, Mikocheni, PO Box 78373, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania.

Background: Behaviour changes in mosquitoes from indoor to outdoor biting result in continuing risk of malaria from outdoor activities, including routine household activities and occasional social and cultural practices and gatherings. This study aimed to identify the range of social and cultural gatherings conducted outdoors and their associated risks for mosquito bites.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four villages in the Kilombero Valley from November 2015 to March 2016. Read More

Molecules 2018 Oct 27;23(11). Epub 2018 Oct 27.

Post Graduation Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil.

K. Schum (Sterculiaceae), commonly known in Brazil as 'pitó', is traditionally used by indigenous peoples as insecticides and repellents. The present work reports on the the phytoconstituents from aerial parts of and evaluation of the larvicidal potential of its extract. Read More

Food Chem 2019 Feb 13;274:61-70. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of Almeria, European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, 04120 Almería, Spain.

There is an increasing concern about the negative impacts of veterinary drugs in beehive compartments. This study evaluates the presence and distribution of chemical residues in beeswax, bee bread and honey and determinates in what extension honeybees are exposed to them. Samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS with a wide scope of 322 chemical residues. Read More

Res Vet Sci 2018 Dec 13;121:94-103. Epub 2018 Oct 13.

Grupo de Investigación Epicontrol-Carnívoros, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain. Electronic address:

Leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum is a widespread zoonotic disease that can be transmitted to animals and humans by their vectors, blood-sucking phlebotomine sand flies. To prevent canine leishmaniosis across the whole Mediterranean region, vector control is essential. Because of phlebotomine breeding sites are diverse, environmental larval controls have limited practical value. Read More

J Biomed Opt 2018 Oct;23(10):1-11

Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, Center for Innovation, Technology and Education, São José dos Campos, Brazil.

We present the use of Raman spectroscopy for determination of functional characteristics of insect repellents and sunscreens by identifying the active ingredients of these products applied topically to the skin. Commercial formulations of insect repellents and sunscreens (SPF 15 and 30) were obtained, and Raman spectra were obtained from the formulations and from volunteers' skins with topical applications of such products compared to controls. The results indicated that, for insect repellents, the peaks at 527 and 1003  cm  -  1 were markers of the presence of the active ingredient diethyl toluamide in the skin, while for sunscreens, the peaks at 1177, 1288, and 1611  cm  -  1, associated to octinoxate, benzophenone-3, and avobenzone, were markers of the presence of solar filters in the skin. Read More

Malar J 2018 Oct 17;17(1):368. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Environmental Health and Ecological Sciences Department, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, Tanzania.

Background: Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying protect against indoor-biting and indoor-resting mosquitoes but are largely ineffective for early-biting and outdoor-biting malaria vectors. Complementary tools are, therefore, needed to accelerate control efforts. This paper describes simple hessian ribbons treated with spatial repellents and wrapped around eaves of houses to prevent outdoor-biting and indoor-biting mosquitoes over long periods of time. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018 Dec 15;25(34):34730-34739. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

School of Environmental Sciences, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.

In this study, honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were exposed to LD and LD doses of five commonly used acaricides for controlling the parasitic mite, Varroa destructor. LD values at 48 h post-treatment showed that tau-fluvalinate was the most toxic, followed by amitraz, coumaphos, thymol, and formic acid. Read More

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019 Jan 4;167:36-43. Epub 2018 Oct 4.

Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, China. Electronic address:

Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is a ubiquitous pollutant that is very harmful to organisms due to its mutagenicity, teratogenicity and carcinogenicity. Pseudomonas fluorescens (P. fluorescens) is one of the most important bacteria in the environment. Read More

J Chem Ecol 2018 Dec 6;44(12):1120-1126. Epub 2018 Oct 6.

Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Auburn University, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849-5413, USA.

The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, is a vector of many human diseases such as yellow fever, dengue fever, and Zika. As insecticide resistance has been widely reported, chemical repellents have been adopted as alternative options for mosquito and mosquito-borne disease control. This study characterized the responses of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in different types of antennal olfactory sensilla in Ae. Read More

Molecules 2018 Sep 21;23(10). Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Products from Li Folk Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.

Daphnauranins C⁻E (compounds ⁻), two sesquiterpenoids and one monoterpenoid were isolated from the roots of Diels. Daphnauranin C is a 9--13 etherified and hydroperoxy-substituted guaiane sesquiterpenoid, daphnauranin D is a guaiane sesquiterpenoid ketal, and daphnauranin E is a monoterpenoid lactone. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive analyses of MS, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Sep 19;8(1):14053. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Agroecosystem Management Research Unit, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68583, USA.

Hematophagous arthropods are capable of transmitting human and animal pathogens worldwide. Vector-borne diseases account for 17% of all infectious diseases resulting in 700,000 human deaths annually. Repellents are a primary tool for reducing the impact of biting arthropods on humans and animals. Read More

SAR QSAR Environ Res 2018 Sep;29(9):693-723

a CTIS, Rillieux la Pape , France.

Repellents disrupt the behaviour of blood-seeking mosquitoes protecting humans against their bites which can transmit serious diseases. Since the mid-1950s, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is considered as the standard mosquito repellent worldwide. However, DEET presents numerous shortcomings. Read More

Environ Health Prev Med 2018 Sep 15;23(1):45. Epub 2018 Sep 15.

Japan Environment and Children's Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan.

Background: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) is a nation-wide birth cohort study investigating environmental effects on children's health and development. In this study, the exposure characteristics of the JECS participating mothers were summarized using two questionnaires administered during pregnancy.

Methods: Women were recruited during the early period of their pregnancy. Read More

Saudi Pharm J 2018 Sep 27;26(6):860-864. Epub 2018 Mar 27.

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey.

The essential oils (EOs) of (Am) and (As) (Asteraceae) were extracted from the aerial parts of the plants by hydrodistillation, and their chemical compositions were analyzed using GC-FID and GC-MS. Fifty-six components representing 85.5% of the oil composition of were identified, and the major components were -pinene (17. Read More

Food Microbiol 2018 Dec 26;76:363-373. Epub 2018 Jun 26.

Instituto de Química, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico. Electronic address:

The antifungal activity and chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by four Hypoxylon anthochroum endophytic strains were analyzed. The bioactivity of the VOCs synthesized at different periods of incubation on rice medium was assessed, both in vivo and in vitro, against the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum. The in vivo effect was evaluated on cherry tomatoes, while the mechanism of action was determined in vitro analyzing the phytopathogen's growth, respiration and cell membrane permeability. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Aug 29;11(1):486. Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Anastasia Mosquito Control District of St. Johns County, 120 EOC Drive, St. Augustine, FL, 32092, USA.

Background: It is assumed that mosquitoes surviving exposure to spatial repellents when attempting to bite a host will not have significant adverse impacts on their downstream biology. Therefore, a critical knowledge gap is understanding the extent to which sublethal exposure to volatile pyrethroids may damage the performance of mosquitoes that survive exposure to vapour-active pyrethroids. To address this, laboratory-reared Aedes aegypti (L. Read More

Mikrobiyol Bul 2018 Jul;52(3):308-315

Public Health General Directorate, Microbiology Reference Laboratories and Biological Products Department, National Arboviruses and Viral Zoonoses Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey.

Zika virus is a Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae, and transmitted to humans by Aedes species mosquitoes. Zika virus infection is asymptomatic in 80% of cases and has a mild course when symptoms occur. These symptoms include headache, myalgia, mild fever, maculopapular rash and conjunctivitis. Read More

Molecules 2018 Aug 24;23(9). Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.

Toxic and repellent effects of the essential oil from Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum (Maxim. Read More

Pest Manag Sci 2019 Mar 3;75(3):821-827. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Red Imported Fire Ant Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.

Background: The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, is one of the most dangerous invasive species in the world. Fire ants can spread by hiding among plant material and soil that are transported from infested areas in vehicles and vessels. Therefore, efficient repellents may be used to prevent fire ants from infesting transported goods. Read More

Se Pu 2018 Jul;36(7):678-684

Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are a group of serious environmental pollutants that are carcinogenic or tumorigenic to humans. In this work, a green, rapid, and effective analytical method based on supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) has been proposed for the simultaneous determination of the eight PAE plasticizers in sports beverage samples. They are dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dipropyl phthalate (DPRP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dipentyl phthalate (DPP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and di--octyl phthalate (DNOP). Read More

J R Soc Interface 2018 Aug;15(145)

Department of Biology, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Personal protection measures, such as bed nets and repellents, are important tools for the suppression of vector-borne diseases like malaria and Zika, and the ability of health agencies to distribute protection and encourage its use plays an important role in the efficacy of community-wide disease management strategies. Recent modelling studies have shown that a counterintuitive diversity-driven amplification in community-wide disease levels can result from a population's partial adoption of personal protection measures, potentially to the detriment of disease management efforts. This finding, however, may overestimate the negative impact of partial personal protection as a result of implicit restrictive model assumptions regarding host compliance, access to and longevity of protection measures. Read More

Med Lett Drugs Ther 2018 08;60(1553):129-132

Phytomedicine 2018 Jul 5;46:57-68. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Biochemistry and Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India. Electronic address:

Background: Callistemon citrinus has been traditionally known for its medicinal property. Recently, our research group identified 1,8-Cineole, as one of the predominant compound present in the hexane extract (HE-C), whose leaves have potent anticancer activity.

Hypothesis/purpose: The present study was designed to isolate 1,8-Cineole from Callistemon citrinus plant and to determine their role in anticancer effects in in vitro using skin carcinoma cells. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2018 Aug 9;11(1):460. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.

Background: Haemaphysalis longicornis is a tick of importance to health, as it serves as a vector of several pathogens, including Theileria orientalis, Babesia ovata, Rickettsia japonica and the severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). Presently, the major method of control for this tick is the use of chemical acaricides. The glutathione S-transferase (GST) system is one mechanism through which the tick metabolizes these acaricides. Read More

Eur J Pharmacol 2018 Sep 3;835:140-146. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany. Electronic address:

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) represents a benign neoplasm of the nasal mucosa, which leads to a decreased breathing capacity and reduced olfaction. The pathogenesis and the molecular mechanisms driving nasal polyps are not very well known. GSK-3 is involved in the regulation of various biosynthetic pathways and various kinases are able to regulate the GSK-3. Read More