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Urol Case Rep 2022 Jul 28;43:102070. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Children's Health System Texas, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.

Bladder masses are an infrequent occurrence rarely suspected in cases of pediatric hematuria. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors represent one differential diagnosis that is difficult to characterize as purely benign and should therefore be given special consideration. Although uncommon, this is an important entity to recognize for potential bladder sparing and minimally invasive surgical approaches. Read More

Case Rep Oncol 2022 Jan-Apr;15(1):120-125. Epub 2022 Feb 14.

Department of Radiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the urinary bladder is a rare soft tissue tumor characterized by spindle cell proliferation with inflammatory cell infiltration. We present a case of bladder IMT occurring in a 6-year-old boy. Pretreatment CT images depicted a polypoid and broad-based mass measuring 18 mm in the superior to the front wall of the bladder, and the mass showed isodensity on precontrast image and ring enhancement of the mass after the intravenous administration of contrast material. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 3;9:831952. Epub 2022 Mar 3.

Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.

Purpose: To share our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the urinary bladder (IMTUB).

Materials And Methods: A database searches in the pathology archives by using the term "inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor" and" bladder" in our hospital department of pathology from 2010 to 2021. Patient characteristics, clinical features, histopathological results, immunohistochemical staining results, and treatment outcomes were reviewed. Read More

Urology 2022 Feb 3. Epub 2022 Feb 3.

Department of Urology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a tumor of unknown neoplastic potential that rarely arises in the genitourinary tract. We present the case of an otherwise healthy 16-year old boy with gross hematuria who underwent cystoscopy and transurethral resection of the bladder tumor without complication. Biopsy and immunohistochemistry were consistent with anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive IMT. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2022 Jan-Mar;65(1):176-180

Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland.

According to the WHO classification, mesenchymal tumors of the kidney are divided into mesenchymal tumors occurring mainly in adults and children. Accumulating evidence suggests that renal mesenchymal tumors represent a group of histologically heterogeneous diseases. We are reporting the case of a 58-year-old man with a history of nephron-sparing surgery due to renal cell carcinoma in 2014 in his left kidney. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Oct;71(10):2467-2469

Department of Urology, Sindh Institute of Urology & Transplantation (SIUT), Karachi, Pakistan.

Two cases of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) involving the genitourinary system are presented. One patient with mass of urinary bladder came in with lower abdominal pain whereas the second patient complained of right flank pain and investigations showed a mass involving the right kidney. At present, no specific guidelines exist for the management of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2021 Nov 27;39:101863. Epub 2021 Sep 27.

Urology Internship, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Hospital de Clínicas, Curitiba, Brazil.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare benign lesion with similarities to malignant lesions due to possible aggressive behavior. Although highly uncommon, this condition usually occurs in lungs and retroperitoneum. The involvement of the genitourinary tract represents a singular occasion. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2021 Sep;50(9):1024-1028

Department of Pathology, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200020, China.

To investigate the clinicopathological features,immunohistochemical phenotypes, molecular genetic alterations,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the urinary bladder. Ten cases of IMT of the urinary bladder (three cases at Ningbo Diagnostic Pathology Center from September 2011 to December 2020, five in-house diagnosed cases and two consultation cases at Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital from June 2011 to December 2020) were collected retrospectively. The clinicopathologic features and immunophenotypic profiles were studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry (EnVision method). Read More

Urol Case Rep 2021 Sep 4;38:101740. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Urology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, 1-30, Fujigaoka, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, 227-0043, Japan.

A 55-year-old man was admitted for ongoing gross hematuria and bladder tamponade. Computed tomography revealed a mass near the right sidewall of the bladder, along with massive blood clots. The patient was diagnosed as having bladder cancer based on laboratory findings and emergency clinical symptoms. Read More

Front Pediatr 2021 29;9:652583. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Hematology and Oncology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are locally aggressive malignancies occurring at various sites. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment and prognosis is generally good. For children with unresectable or metastatic tumors, however, outcome is particularly severe, limited also by the lack of predictive biomarkers of therapy efficacy and disease progression. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 May 27;82:105898. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Bendigo Health, Bendigo, Victoria 3550, Australia.

Introduction And Importance: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare tumor subtype that affects multiple organ systems. This case series adds a regional perspective to the literature, demonstrating rare urological cancers can be managed excellently in regional settings.

Case Presentation: We report a case series of two patients in regional Australia who were diagnosed with IMT of the urinary bladder. Read More

Hum Pathol 2021 07 19;113:28-33. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA; Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. Electronic address:

Antibodies targeting uroplakin II (UPII) are highly specific for urothelial cells and are frequently used to determine if a primary bladder lesion or a metastatic lesion originates from the urothelium. However, to date, no studies have tested the expression of UPII in histological mimickers of bladder cancer that are nonurothelial in origin. Given the potential risk of misdiagnosis, immunohistochemical markers are often used to better characterize these lesions. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2021 Mar 2;9(3):1683-1687. Epub 2021 Feb 2.

Department of Urology Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan.

IMT is a rare but sometimes life-threatening tumor. Although presenting with muscle invasion, local surgical resection with TURBT and close follow-up are adequate with bladder function and life quality preservation compared to partial cystectomy. Read More

Case Rep Urol 2021 8;2021:6660356. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Urology Department, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are particularly rare tumors that have been described in various anatomic locations, of which the urinary bladder is the most common. These benign tumors are amendable to conservative therapy but are notoriously difficult to diagnose given their mimicry of malignant sarcomas and sarcomatoid carcinomas, making an accurate diagnosis paramount to spare a patient radical and unnecessary treatment. We hereby present the case of a 37-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with an IMT of the urinary bladder during workup for painless gross hematuria. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2021 Jul 3;37:101620. Epub 2021 Mar 3.

Medical University of Plovdiv, Department of Urology and General Medicine, Peshtersko shose 66 blvd. 4000, Bulgaria.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an extremely rare disease composed of myofibroblast cells and inflammatory infiltrates. There are different sites of the urogenital system affected by IMT-bladder, prostate and kidney. We report a case of a 59-year-old male patient presented with abdominal pain, gross hematuria and a renal mass treated with partial nephrectomy. Read More

Urology 2021 08 6;154:268-270. Epub 2021 Mar 6.

Section of Pediatric Urology, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) are rare and poorly understood inflammatory neoplasms. Most commonly occurring in the liver and gastrointestinal tract, cases of bladder involvement have been rarely reported. Bladder IMT generally presents with gross hematuria and can be differentiated from other bladder tumors by expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2021 Mar;50(3):194-200

Department of Pathology, the People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing 210029, China.

To investigate the clinicopathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). Thirty-two cases of IMT collected at the People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province from May 2010 to May 2020 were evaluated for their clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical and genomic features, and relevant literature was reviewed. There were 19 male and 13 female patients, with age ranging from 5 to 65 years (mean, 37 years). Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2021 Mar 18;16(3):504-510. Epub 2020 Dec 18.

Department of Medical Oncology, Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) are rare soft tissue tumors of intermediate malignant potential with tendency for local recurrence. Although they can occur at all age groups, occurrence in infants is extremely unusual and their imaging characteristics are not well described. A 3-month-old female infant presented with gradually progressive abdominal distention without any fever or weight loss. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2021 Jan 24;34:101504. Epub 2020 Nov 24.

University of Minnesota, Department of Urology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Pregnancy presents unique obstacles to diagnosis and management of urologic disease. We present a case of a primigravid female with clot retention requiring evacuation in the operating room due to the avulsion of a bladder mass which prolapsed during labor. Tumor pathology demonstrated a low-grade spindle cell lesion positive for progesterone receptor (PR) and high mobility group A2 (HMGA2), suggestive of deep angiomyxoma versus a benign fibroepithelial polyp or inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Read More

Oncol Lett 2021 Jan 18;21(1):51. Epub 2020 Nov 18.

Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.

The aim of the present study was to explore the clinical and pathological characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT). A total of 17 patients with IMT diagnosed between July 2010 and February 2020 were included in the present study, and the clinical characteristics, pathological features, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. The cohort consisted of 17 participants, including 12 men and 5 women, with a mean age of 34. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2021 Jan 29;34:101474. Epub 2020 Oct 29.

Department of Urology, Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center, Manila, Philippines.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare, benign spindle cell neoplasm of the urinary bladder with a presentation concerning a malignant disease. Oftentimes, these tumors pose a diagnostic dilemma because of a significant overlap with malignant spindle cell tumors in terms of clinical presentation, gross findings, and immunohistopathologic profile. A 28-year-old female presented to us with gross hematuria. Read More

Urology 2020 12 30;146:32-35. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Department of Medical Oncology, Cantonal Hospital of Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are rare tumors with an ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) gene rearrangement in up to 65% of all cases. In our patient, the tumor was not primary resectable due to its extension. Under neoadjuvant treatment with the first generation ALK inhibitor crizotinib no tumor response was seen, but the following therapy with the next generation ALK inhibitor lorlatinib led to a rapid and deep response, enabling a complete tumor resection by partial cystectomy. Read More

Cureus 2020 Aug 23;12(8):e9957. Epub 2020 Aug 23.

Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK.

Background Non-urothelial bladder cancers (NUBCs) constitute only 5% of all bladder cancers. Because of the scarcity of data, no standardized treatment can be offered to these patients. Surgical treatment can be offered to patients with localized disease; however, generally, the prognosis is unfavorable. Read More

Mod Pathol 2021 02 9;34(2):469-477. Epub 2020 Sep 9.

Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation is a descriptive term that designates a group of clinically indolent genitourinary lesions that most commonly arise in the urinary bladder. Given that pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferation may show morphologic overlap with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, the relationship, if any, between the two entities has been unclear. Moreover, pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferations are known to be positive for ALK immunohistochemistry in a subset of cases, although an inconsistent association with ALK rearrangement (ranging from 0 to 60%) has been reported. Read More

Urology 2020 11 8;145:229-235. Epub 2020 Aug 8.

Department of Urology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Purpose: To present the clinicopathological characteristics and outcome of children with bladder and ureteral inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) in our center.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients with bladder and ureteral IMTs from 2010 to 2018. We recorded patients' demographic data, presentation, hemoglobin level, presence of hydronephrosis, tumor size, treatment, and outcomes. Read More

Bladder (San Franc) 2019 26;6(2):e39. Epub 2019 Dec 26.

Department of Pathology, RWJBarnabas Health, Livingston, NJ, USA.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) previously known as inflammatory pseudotumor, plasma cell granuloma, pseudosarcoma, myxoid hamartoma or inflammatory myofibrohistiocytic proliferation is recently recognized by World Health Organization (WHO) as "IMT" and is considered as a rare benign tumor of soft tissues occurring commonly in lung, liver and mesentry and omentum. IMT is mainly identified as a lesion of children and young population. In this report, we describe a rare case of IMT occurring in a 93-year-old female in urinary bladder with initial benign presentation but demonstrating rapid malignant transformation as confirmed with morphology and immunohistochemical (IHC) stains. Read More

Histopathology 2020 Dec 22;77(6):949-962. Epub 2020 Sep 22.

Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Aims: Pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferations (PSMPs) of the urinary bladder are diagnostically challenging. Diagnostic difficulties are mainly due to frequent cytokeratin expression, variable ALK expression and worrisome morphological features suggestive of malignancy. Conversely, sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma (UC) may show bland inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT)-like morphology. Read More

In Vivo 2020 Jul-Aug;34(4):2043-2048

Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea

Background: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare type of soft-tissue neoplasm. IMT of the urinary tract is more common in the bladder and kidneys. Prostatic IMT is extremely rare. Read More

J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020 Jun 16;39(1):112. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Immunological Diagnosis, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.

Accumulating evidence indicates that intratumoral heterogeneity contributes to the development of resistance to anticancer therapeutics. Fibroblasts, which are components of the paraneoplastic stroma, play a crucial role in the wound-healing process. Activated fibroblasts accumulate in the wound and are involved in many aspects of the tissue remodeling cascade that initiates the repair process and prevents further tissue damage. Read More

Urol Int 2020 11;104(11-12):960-967. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Objective: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) of the urinary system are relatively rare and often misdiagnosed. We aimed to summarize and analyze the clinical manifestations, imaging features, management, and follow-up of renal and bladder IMTs.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 22 patients with IMT pathologically verified between 2009 and 2018 were included. Read More