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Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children/Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Pediatrics, Topiwala National Medical College and BYL Ch Hospital, Dr. A.L Nair Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty of Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Pediatrics, Lok Nayak Hospital and Maulana Azad Medical College (University of Delhi), 2, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, 110 002, India.

Objective: To study the clinico-etiological profile of epilepsy in children aged 1-24 mo attending a tertiary-care public hospital.

Methods: All infants aged 1-24 mo with epilepsy (as per International League Against Epilepsy, 2014) presenting between April 2016 and March 2017 were enrolled. Detailed history and examination were done in all children, and developmental assessment was done using Developmental Assessment Scale for Indian Infants (DASII). Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, SGPGIMS, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226014, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Children's Hospital, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Pediatric Neurology, Madhukar Rainbow Children's Hospital, Malviya Nagar, Delhi, 110017, India.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder which affects not only the health of the affected child, but also has an economic, psychological and emotional impact on the family as a whole. In the transition from Person with Disability (PWD) act (1995) to Rights of Persons with Disabilities act (RPWD act) (2016), which covers all aspects of life of a person with any disability, epilepsy has been excluded from the list of disorders, resulting in a loss of many of the benefits that were earlier available to persons with epilepsy, causing concern to all caregivers of persons with epilepsy. Additionally, physicians/ pediatricians/ neurologists are not really aware of the benefits that are available to persons with epilepsy, especially children. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Zoology, Chittagong University, Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Objectives: To determine whether hypothyroxinemia in the early neonatal period normalizes by 7 wk of postnatal age.

Methods: An observational study was carried out from July 2008 through June 2010 in the neonatal and postnatal unit of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. A total of 150 neonates including 100 preterm and 50 term neonates were selected by convenient sampling. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of cyclosporine (CsA) in patients of oral steroid unresponsive or steroid dependent systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA); to evaluate the optimum dosage and blood level of CsA to achieve and maintain remission and to observe for side-effects on prolonged usage.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on children with steroid dependent /refractory sJIA admitted at the Institute of Child Health, Kolkata from July 2009 through November 2014. A total of 82 sJIA was diagnosed; 15 were steroid dependent /refractory and were included as candidates for cyclosporine therapy. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 30. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

Department of Pediatrics, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Sadiq Road, Faridkot, Punjab, 151203, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (Indian Council of Medical Research), Mayor Sathyamoorthy Road, Chetpet, Chennai, 600 031, India.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) has become a major global health concern and is also an issue in children. Children with MDR TB need longer duration of treatment with multiple drugs. The MDR TB treatment regimen usually comprises of a fluoroquinolone, an aminoglycoside, ethionamide, cycloserine, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, 411001, India.

Objectives: To assess the nutritional and infection status of rural schoolchildren and to study the relationship of infection status with serum 25(OH)D concentrations.

Methods: This study was carried out in a primary school, in a rural setting, near Pune (18°N), Maharashtra. Data collected from 387 children included anthropometric, clinical, infection-related data (using a validated questionnaire) and dietary data (by 24-h recall method over 3 non-consecutive days, including a holiday) and serum 25(OH)D estimations (by ELISA). Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Department of Neonatology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Determining the optimal dosages of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol in children is necessary to obtain therapeutic serum concentrations of these drugs. Revised dosages have improved the exposure of 1st line anti-tubercular drugs to some extent; there is still scope for modification of the dosages to achieve exposures which can lead to favourable outcome of the disease. High dose of rifampicin is being investigated in clinical trials in adults with some benefit; studies are required in children. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, 249203, India.

Vaccines are globally accepted as instrumental in drastically bringing down vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) related mortality and morbidity. Despite global relentless efforts, about 19.3 million children still go missing for full immunization and are at risk for VPDs. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Short stature in children is a diagnostic challenge to the physician. Bone age assessment can be done using various methods. The causes of short stature are variable; often leading to a series of investigations. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 16. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Department of Maternal and Reproductive Health, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Congenital chylothorax is a relatively uncommon condition seen in newborn period. Treatment comprises of adequate pleural fluid drainage, octreotide infusion, total parenteral nutrition followed by medium chain triglyceride (MCT) based low fat milk preparations. The authors present a case of Cornelia de Lange syndrome with a rare presentation of antenatally diagnosed chlyothorax presenting at birth with respiratory distress. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 16. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Department of Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Immunohematology (ICMR), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Objectives: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) represents one of the most severe forms of Primary immunodeficiency (PID) disorders, characterized by T cell lymphopenia (TCL) and lack of cellular and humoral immune responses. However, not all patients with low T cell lymphocyte counts may have an abnormal T cell immunity and the observed TCL may be a temporary suppression resulting from transient lymphopenia secondary to severe infections. In such cases, it is necessary to estimate the severity of the observed TCL by assessing thymic capabilities. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Pediatrics, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India.

Objective: To compare hypoglycemia and the other early neonatal morbidities (from birth till hospital discharge) of late preterm babies born small for gestational age (LP SGA) with their appropriate for age (LP AGA) counterparts.

Methods: LP SGA and LP AGA, as defined by Fenton charts, were prospectively followed-up to assess development of predefined morbidities, mortality and readmission rates at one month. All live inborn late preterm babies (34 to 36 weeks, n = 238) were included. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, SGPGIMS, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, UP, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Nephrology Unit, Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Montes de Oca 40, CP 1270, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Objective: To determine the performance of late dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scans in identifying high-grade (III-V) vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children aged over 3 y with a febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) history that has not been timely investigated.

Methods: In this retrospective study of diagnostic accuracy, the clinical records of children aged between 3 and 18 y with fUTI history evaluated consecutively at Nephrology Unit of Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Argentina between 2006 and 2016 were reviewed. Patients with previously diagnosed renal or urinary tract abnormalities or who underwent previous postnatal genitourinary imaging were excluded. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Pediatrics, I.P.G.M.E.R & S.S.K.M Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 9. Epub 2019 Mar 9.

Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Department of Hepato-pancreato-biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Apollo Hospitals, Navi Mumbai, India.

Citrullinemia Type 1 (also known as classic citrullinemia) is a rare autosomal recessive urea cycle disorder due to reduced activity of argininosuccinate synthetase 1; characterized by hyperammonemia leading to neurological damage. The authors report a case of an 8-y boy who was diagnosed with Citrullinemia Type 1 at birth which was anticipated prenatally due to family history. His diagnosis was confirmed as a homozygous mutation (Exon 15: c. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Division of Community Studies, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.

Weight estimation in pediatric emergencies is often required for calculation of drug dosages, fluid therapy and defibrillation. The 'gold standard' of actually weighing the patient is not practically possible in emergency conditions. The aim of this study is to validate common age-based formulae (APLS, Luscombe and Argall's) and their accuracy in estimating weight of under 5-y-old Indian children by secondary data analysis from a cross-sectional study conducted by the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB), National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, in 10 states of India in 2011-12 among under five-year-old children. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 7;86(4):321-322. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Child Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Pediatrics, Pt B D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, 522503, India.

India is undergoing not only economic, demographic and nutritional transformational change but also indicators of health are improving remarkably. But, Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) is striving hard to improve the nutritional and health status of children in the age-group 0-6 y even after 4 decades of its implementation, so there is a need to reconsider strategies to bring desired improvement in children's health. For better governance in the delivery of the Scheme, convergence is one of the key features of the ICDS Scheme for providing all services under the Scheme. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 6;86(4):319-320. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Department of Neonatology, Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh, 160 030, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 6. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Department of Infectious Disease Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) is central to phosphate homeostasis. The author examined if blood levels of FGF23 allow discrimination of classic hypophosphatemic rickets from other causes of non-nutritional rickets with hypophosphatemia. Forty-two children (median age: 102 mo) with non-nutritional rickets and hypophosphatemia were clinically classified as having distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA, n = 12), Fanconi syndrome (n = 8), classic hypophosphatemic rickets (n = 11), vitamin D dependent rickets (n = 7) and Dent disease (n = 4). Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 4. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Elevated serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is reported to correlate with B symptoms, response rate and survival in adult patients. The authors studied prognostic significance of IL-6 expression by immunohistochemistry on Hodgkin-Reed Sternberg cells and background reactive cells in a retrospective cohort of pediatric HL patients treated with doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD) from January 2009 through December 2013. Of 142 patients, tissue blocks were retrieved in 110 patients. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 2. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

Department of Neuroradiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Mitochondrial membrane protein associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) belongs to the Neuronal brain iron accumulation (NBIA) spectrum disorder. It is caused by mutation in the C19orf12 gene. A 13-y-old previously healthy girl born to non-consanguineous marriage couple presented with regression of motor and cognitive milestones and decreased vision in both eyes, since 8 y of age. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Pediatrics, I.P.G.M.E.R & S.S.K.M Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Public Health Department, School of Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia.

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Apr 28;86(4):382-385. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Pediatrics, TN Medical College and BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, India.

An observational study was carried out to determine the magnitude of dosing errors made by parents, the most-preferred drug delivery device and the association of age, gender, education of the caregiver and number of children with the proportion of accurate doses. After enrolment, parents of children aged 6-60 mo were instructed to measure 5 ml of syrup paracetamol using any of the devices (stainless steel spoon, disposable plastic syringe, dosing cup with etched markings) displayed. The quantum of measured dose was confirmed using a calibrated glass cylinder. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Most children tolerate the first-line antibiotics used to treat Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) very well. The most common adverse effect is gastrointestinal distress unrelated to hepatotoxicity; the latter is seen in less than 1% of children. Despite the infrequency of hepatotoxicity, the potential long-term impact of hepatic insufficiency dictates that all children receiving antimycobacterial therapy should be evaluated periodically by symptom screening and physical examination. Read More