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J Med Case Rep 2019 Feb 5;13(1):30. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Background: Pulmonary regurgitation is a common complication after tetralogy of Fallot repair, resulting in right ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmia, and sudden death. However, the indications and optimal timing for pulmonary valve replacement are not fully known. We describe a case in which a four-dimensional imaging tool was useful in the decision to re-operate, thus resulting in decreased energy loss and improved right ventricular function after the re-operation for tetralogy of Fallot. Read More

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Avenue, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.

The assessment of both left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) motion is important to understand the impact of heart disease on cardiac function. The MRI technique of tissue phase mapping (TPM) allows for the quantification of regional biventricular three-directional myocardial velocities. The goal of this study was to establish normal LV and RV velocity parameters across a wide range of pediatric to adult ages and to investigate the feasibility of TPM for detecting impaired regional biventricular function in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Read More

J Magn Reson Imaging 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, German Heart Center at Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.

Background: Alterations in wall shear stress (WSS) assessed using 4D flow MRI have been shown to play a role in various vascular pathologies, such as bicuspid aortic valve aortopathy. Most studies have focused on systolic WSS, whereas altered diastolic hemodynamics in regurgitant semilunar valvular lesions have not so far been well characterized.

Purpose: To investigate diastolic WSS in aortic and pulmonary regurgitation. Read More

Korean J Radiol 2019 Jan 27;20(1):102-113. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Objective: To assess the accuracy and potential bias of computed tomography (CT) ventricular volumetry using semiautomatic three-dimensional (3D) threshold-based segmentation in repaired tetralogy of Fallot, and to compare them to those of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 32 patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot who had undergone both cardiac CT and MRI within 3 years. For ventricular volumetry, semiautomatic 3D threshold-based segmentation was used in CT, while a manual simplified contouring 2D method was used in MRI. Read More

BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019 Jan 7;19(1). Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Mid-German Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine III (KIM-III), Division of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther-University Halle, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.

Advances in the medical and surgical management of Tetralogy of Fallot have led to marked increase of the number and age of survivors. Imaging in patients with Tetralogy of Fallot plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and follow up, and essentially guides management and intervention in this entity. This study systematically reviews the imaging modalities used in patients with Tetralogy of Fallot in the evaluation of preoperative and postoperative anatomic and hemodynamic lesions, as well as disease progression in this diagnosis. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2019 Jan 2. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

Division of Cardiology, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48201-2119, USA.

Background: In patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF), pulmonary regurgitation (PR) leads to significant morbidity. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is the gold standard to assess severity of PR in rTOF patients. We compared Doppler echocardiography derived indices of PR with CMR to find the best predictive parameter for hemodynamically significant (hs) PR. Read More

PLoS One 2018 31;13(12):e0208749. Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of exercise cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (RTOF) and to assess right and left ventricular adaptation and aortic wall response to exercise in comparison with volunteers.

Methods: 11 RTOF and 11 volunteers underwent prospective CMR at rest and during exercise. A supine bicycle ergometer was employed to reach twice the resting heart rate during continuous exercise, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Read More

Paediatr Anaesth 2018 Dec 28. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Recent advances in catheterization and imaging technology allow for more complex procedures to be performed in the catheterization laboratory. A number of lesions are now amenable to a percutaneous procedure, eliminating or at least postponing the need for a surgical intervention. Due to the increase in the complexity of the procedures performed, the involvement of anesthesiologists and their close collaboration with the interventional cardiologists have increased. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2019 Jan;8(1):e010689

1 Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Center National Center for Cardiovascular Disease and Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing China.

Background Although right ventricular ( RV ) volume was significantly decreased in symptomatic patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot ( rTOF ) after pulmonary valve replacement ( PVR ), RV size was still enlarged along with RV dysfunction. Methods and Results A prospective case-control study was conducted in a tertiary hospital; 81 asymptomatic repaired tetralogy of Fallot patients with moderate or severe pulmonary regurgitation were enrolled. The enrolled cohort was divided into 2 groups: PVR group (n=41) and medication group (n=40). Read More

Echocardiography 2019 02 25;36(2):411-414. Epub 2018 Dec 25.

Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stanford University and University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

Background: Aortopulmonary window is a rare conotruncal defect that is often associated with other congenital heart defects. We present a patient with a previously unreported combination of aortopulmonary window with tetralogy of Fallot with an absent conal septum.

Case Presentation: A term, 2. Read More

Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2018 Dec;11(12):e007611

The Labatt Family Heart Center, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, ON, Canada (L.M., M.K.F.).

Background: The study objective was to assess the severity, progression rate, and risk factors for aortic root dilatation (ARD) in pediatric tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and to study its relationship to complications including aortic regurgitation.

Methods And Results: Seven hundred sixty-eight TOF patients were studied with echocardiography (median age at repair 6.1 months; interquartile range, 4. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2018 Dec;7(24):e010274

1 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN.

Background Patients with tetralogy of Fallot ( TOF ) remain at risk for cardiovascular events despite successful repair. Some of the current risk stratification tools require advanced imaging and invasive studies, and hence are difficult to apply to routine patient care. A recent study showed that QRS fragmentation ( QRS -f) is predictive of mortality in patients with TOF. Read More

Echo Res Pract 2019 Mar;6(1):R9-R23

Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect, affecting 3 in 10,000 live births. Surgical correction in early childhood is associated with good outcomes, but lifelong follow-up is necessary to identify the long-term sequelae that may occur. This article will cover the diagnosis of TOF in childhood, the objectives of surveillance through adulthood and the value of multi-modality imaging in identifying and guiding timely surgical and percutaneous interventions. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Nebraska College of Medicine and Children's Hospital and Medical Center, 8200 Dodge St, Omaha, NE, 68114, USA.

Quantification of pulmonary regurgitation (PR), pulmonary flow distribution, and ventricular function is important for clinical surveillance in repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is the established reference, but cost, test duration, and patient discomfort are potential limitations to its serial use. We investigated whether an Abbreviated CMR protocol would alter clinical decisions in TOF from those that would have been made using a full protocol. Read More

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018 Dec 28;315(6):H1691-H1702. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Clinical Physiology, Skåne University Hospital , Sweden.

Intracardiac hemodynamic forces have been proposed to influence remodeling and be a marker of ventricular dysfunction. We aimed to quantify the hemodynamic forces in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rToF) to further understand the pathophysiological mechanisms as this could be a potential marker for pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in these patients. Patients with rToF and pulmonary regurgitation (PR) > 20% ( n = 18) and healthy control subjects ( n = 15) underwent MRI, including four-dimensional flow. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background: Cardiac MRI plays a central role in monitoring children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) for long-term complications. Current risk assessment is based on volumetric and functional parameters that measure late expression of underlying physiological changes. Emerging 4-D flow MRI techniques promise new insights. Read More

Heart 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Objective: The relationship between right ventricular (RV) fibrosis and right heart reverse remodelling following pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) has not been well studied in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF). Our aims were to histologically quantify RV fibrosis and to explore the relationship between fibrosis severity and cardiac remodelling post-PVR.

Methods: Adults with rTOF and pre-PVR cardiovascular (CMR) imaging were consented to procurement of RV muscle during PVR. Read More

Heart 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Background: Aortic dilation and aortic valve disease are known long-term complication of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), but the risk of aortic dissection and the indications for prophylactic aortic surgery are unknown in this population. The purpose of this study was to: (1) determine the prevalence of significant aortic valve disease and/or significant aortic aneurysm (AVD-AA); (2) determine the incidence of progressive aortic dilation and aortic dissection in patients with TOF.

Methods: Retrospective review of adults with repaired TOF, and no prior aortic valve/aorta surgery, who had ≥2 measurements of the thoracic aorta >12 months apart, 1990-2017. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2018 Nov 17. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

University of Michigan C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, 1540 E. Hospital Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; Department of Pediatrics.

Background: The Pediatric Heart Network Collaborative Learning Study (PHN CLS) increased early extubation rates after infant Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and coarctation (CoA) repair across participating sites by implementing a clinical practice guideline (CPG). The impact of the CPG on hospital costs has not been studied.

Methods: PHN CLS clinical data were linked to cost data from Children's Hospital Association by matching on indirect identifiers. Read More

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Dec 21;156(6):2239-2249. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Section of Congenital Heart Surgery, Heart Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Denver | Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colo.

Objective: Patients with tetralogy of Fallot are at risk for late aortic complications due to progressive aortic root dilation and decreased aortic compliance. Early repair normalizes aortic dimensions by preadolescence. It is not known if early repair normalizes aortic wall histology and compliance or reduces late aortic complications. Read More

Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018 Nov - Dec;61(5-6):468-475. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Cardiovascular Disease, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School - The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America. Electronic address:

As the prevalence of adult congenital heart disease continues to grow secondary to advances in surgical and diagnostic techniques, it is important for a physician to supplement their examinations with non-invasive imaging techniques to assess their patients. Although a number of these patients have regular cardiology followup, some may be new patients that do not even know their cardiac history. Echocardiography has proven to be a useful tool for this purpose and its utility has expanded drastically with the development of better technology and newer techniques. Read More

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Background: Pulmonary insufficiency is a consequence of transannular patch repair in Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) leading to late morbidity and mortality. Transcatheter native outflow tract pulmonary valve replacement has become a reality. However, predicting a secure, atraumatic implantation of a catheter-based device remains a significant challenge due to the complex and dynamic nature of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). Read More

Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018 Jul;2018:1115-1118

Four-dimensional phase-contrast (PC) velocity-encoded flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) is a potentially valuable tool for studying cardiovascular hemodynamics for disease monitoring and/or treatment planning. In this study we compared the performance of two 4D flow MRI pulse sequences - echo-planar imaging (EPI) and segmented gradient-echo (turbo-field-echo or TFE on vendor's platform) - on a clinical 3T system in 6 human subjects including 3 patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). For aortic flow rate, the coefficients of variation (COV) between 2D and 4D EPI were 7. Read More

Cardiol Young 2019 Jan 31;29(1):88-89. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Children's Hospital of Orange County,Pediatric Heart Institute,Orange,CA 92868,USA.

We present a pilot case using an innovative fusion of echocardiogram and MRI achieved with a MATLAB-based imaging programme to explore the feasibility of this imaging strategy in the functional and anatomic assessment of a patient with repaired tetralogy of Fallot requiring pulmonary valve intervention. Echocardiogram and MRI neutralises the disadvantages and limitations of each individual imaging modality and yields important anatomic and haemodynamic information crucial to the treatment decision-making process. Future image fusion strategies can apply to three-dimensional images and image-directed therapy for CHD. Read More

Cardiol Young 2019 Jan 30;29(1):59-66. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Cardiology,Boston Children's Hospital,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA,USA.

Background: The American College of Cardiology Quality Network enables national benchmarking and collaborative quality improvement through vetted metrics. We describe here our initial experience with the Quality Network.

Methods: Quarterly data for metrics pertaining to chest pain, Kawasaki disease, tetralogy of Fallot, elevated body mass index, and others were shared with the collaboratives for benchmarking. Read More

Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2018 Oct 29;16(1):28. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Cardiac and Vascular Disease, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, John Paul II Hospital, Krakow, Poland.

Background: Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease and the population of ToF repair survivors is growing rapidly. Adults with repaired ToF develop late complications. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze long-term follow-up of patients with repaired ToF. Read More

Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2018 Oct;11(10):e006059

IHU LIRYC, L'Institut de Rythmologie et Modélisation Cardiaque, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac, France (V.D., D.B., F.R., S.H.G., M.C., S.C., D.E., B.Q., H.C., M.H., C.R., P.B., J.-B.T., O.B.).

Background: Ventricular arrhythmias are frequent in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF), but their origin and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the involvement of left ventricular (LV) electrical and structural remodeling was assessed in an animal model mimicking rTOF sequelae.

Methods: Piglets underwent a tetralogy of Fallot repair-like surgery (n=6) or were sham operated (Sham, n=5). Read More

Proc IEEE Int Symp Biomed Imaging 2018 Apr 24;2018:1309-1312. Epub 2018 May 24.

Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Long-term outcomes for Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) have improved dramatically in recent years, but survivors are still afflicted by cerebral damage. In this paper, we characterized the prevalence and predictors of cerebral silent infarction (SCI) and their relationship to cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 46 adult TOF patients. We calculated both whole brain and regional CBF using 2D arterial spin labeling (ASL) images, and investigated the spatial overlap between voxel-wise CBF values and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) identified from T2-FLAIR images. Read More

Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2018 Oct;27(3):146-148

Bari University Aldo Moro, Unit of Nuclear Medicine, Bari, Italy

Congenital heart diseases, such as tetralogy of fallot (TOF), are the most common human birth defects that may cause pulmonary diseases. Lung perfusion scintigraphy (LPS) has an important role in evaluating pulmonary involvement in patients with these defects, both as part of the diagnostic work-up and for follow-up to guide best therapeutic strategy. Herein, we report a 10-year-old female patient with TOF who underwent LPS two years after cardiac surgery. Read More

J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2019 Jan 27;32(1):135-144. Epub 2018 Sep 27.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Background: Pulmonary insufficiency (PI) and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction are long-term complications in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF). The aim of this study was to investigate RV contractile reserve and changes in PI that occur during exercise in patients with rTOF and the associations of these changes with exercise performance using stress echocardiography.

Methods: Subjects with rTOF (n = 32) and healthy control subjects (n = 10) were prospectively enrolled and underwent rest and peak exercise echocardiography during standard cardiopulmonary exercise test protocol on a cycle ergometer or treadmill. Read More

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018 Dec 28;315(6):H1691-H1702. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Clinical Physiology, Skåne University Hospital , Sweden.

Intracardiac hemodynamic forces have been proposed to influence remodeling and be a marker of ventricular dysfunction. We aimed to quantify the hemodynamic forces in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rToF) to further understand the pathophysiological mechanisms as this could be a potential marker for pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in these patients. Patients with rToF and pulmonary regurgitation (PR) > 20% ( n = 18) and healthy control subjects ( n = 15) underwent MRI, including four-dimensional flow. Read More

J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2018 Nov;19(11):643-649

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program.

Background: Proper integration of multiple imaging modalities in the routine follow-up of patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallout (TOF) is poorly supported by data. We report our single center comparative study between cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and echocardiography to assess equipoise in the clinical utility of these two imaging methods in an unselected consecutive cohort of TOF patients referred to our outpatient clinic.

Material And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, repaired TOF patients who underwent CMR and echocardiography within a 4-week period between 2010 and 2011 at our Center were included. Read More

Congenit Heart Dis 2018 Nov 19;13(6):1045-1049. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.

Objective: Applications of three-dimensional (3D) printed models in medicine include preprocedure planning, patient education, and clinical training. Reproducing complex anatomy as a 3D printed model can be useful for understanding congenital heart defects (CHD). We hypothesized that using 3D printed models during didactic sessions with resident physicians will improve trainees' understanding of CHD. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2018 Sep 12. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Section, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.

Purpose: Children with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and superior cavopulmonary anastomoses (SCPA) can have chronically elevated central venous pressure (CVP), which has been postulated to put patients at risk for cerebral ventriculomegaly. We aimed to examine cerebral ventricle size in children with these congenital heart lesions before and after surgery to determine how changes in CVP affect ventricle size.

Methods: We reviewed the records of patients who underwent SCPA or TOF repair between 2006 and 2015. Read More

Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Jul-Aug;33(4):418-423

Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, Brazil.

Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) is one of the most prevalent congenital heart disease. Its surgical corrections may haemodinamically correct a disease, but the incisions may create scars that will originate ventricular arrhythmias. Even though life threatening arrhythmias are not common, some patients present unstable ventricular tachycardia (VT) of ectopic ventricular beats triggering heart failure and symptoms. Read More

J Card Surg 2018 Oct 2;33(10):688-690. Epub 2018 Sep 2.

Cardiothoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

A combination of ruptured sinus of Valsalva (RSOV) aneurysm with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a very rare condition. We report a 32-year-old male who underwent repair of a RSOV aneurysm with TOF. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Sep 1;2018. Epub 2018 Sep 1.

Department of Cardiovascular Radiology and Endovascular Interventions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India.

Neurologist 2018 Sep;23(5):155-156

Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Ferrara University Hospital, Italy.

Introduction: Spontaneous cervical artery dissection (sCAD) is a major cause of ischemic stroke in young and middle-aged adults, but the occurrence of multiple sCADs could suggest the presence of an underlying arteriopathy. Bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy caused by extracranial internal carotid artery dissections have been rarely described. We present the case of a 3-vessel sCAD in a patient with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). Read More

Rev Port Cardiol 2018 Sep 25;37(9):773-779. Epub 2018 Aug 25.

Centro Hospitalar São João, Department of Cardiology, Porto, Portugal; University of Porto, Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal.

Introduction And Objectives: Aortic dilatation can develop late after tetralogy of Fallot repair. Its extension beyond the aortic root is not clearly understood. We aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of ascending aorta dilatation to set up an imaging protocol. Read More

PLoS One 2018 21;13(8):e0202496. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.

The impact of congenital heart disease on brain aging has not been extensively investigated. We evaluated cerebral microbleeds and white matter hyperintensities on brain magnetic resonance imaging in adult patients with tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). Ten ToF patients (6 women, 4 men; aged 21-58 years; New York Heart Association [NYHA] class 1-2) were prospectively enrolled and underwent a T1-weighted, a T2-weighted dark fluid, and a T2*-weighted scans. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2018 Dec 18;39(8):1700-1706. Epub 2018 Aug 18.

Philadelphia Adult Congenital Heart Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Quality indicators for adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) were recently published due to a lack of consensus regarding delivery of care to adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). The objective of this study was to examine adherence to quality indicators for the care of patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Adults with tetralogy of Fallot seen in outpatient cardiology clinics at a tertiary care facility between July 2014 and June 2015 were included, and electronic medical records for each visit were reviewed. Read More

Kardiol Pol 2018 ;76(8):1271-1273

Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Limbova 1, 83101 Bratislava, Slovakia; Paediatric Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Children`s Cardiac Centre, Limbova 1, 83101 Bratislava, Slovakia.

J Card Surg 2018 09 16;33(9):570-571. Epub 2018 Aug 16.

Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (CTVS), Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Aug;97(33):e11733

Department of Neurosurgery.

Rationale: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) accounts for approximately 5% of all congenital heart disease. However, only 1% of patients with TOF survive to the age of 40 years without undergoing surgery. Additionally, the relationship between intracerebral hemorrhage and unrepaired TOF remains unknown. Read More

Echocardiography 2018 10 13;35(10):1695-1697. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Division of Cardiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington.

Absent pulmonary valve syndrome is a congenital heart defect usually associated with tetralogy of Fallot. Rarely, absent pulmonary valve syndrome can occur independently of tetralogy of Fallot and presents with an intact ventricular septum and a patent ductus arteriosus. This case report describes the prenatal diagnosis of absent pulmonary valve syndrome with intact ventricular septum via echocardiogram and the postnatal management of the resulting physiologic effects secondary to this rare congenital heart disease. Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2018 Dec 13;39(8):1669-1675. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Pediatric Cardiology, Rush University Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.

Patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rToF) can have significant right and left ventricular dysfunction which can impact clinical outcome. Conventional echocardiographic evaluation using ejection fraction can be limited in detecting early stages of deteriorating left ventricular (LV) systolic function. Speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) provides a promising emerging tool for early detection of LV systolic dysfunction. Read More

Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2019 Feb;28(2):279-283

Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.

Objectives: In repaired tetralogy of Fallot, surgical pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) is in certain cases required. Our institution reported earlier about 26 patients who received a pulmonary homograft via PVR. To date, we have data from more than 17 years of follow-up. Read More

Int Heart J 2018 Sep 11;59(5):1169-1173. Epub 2018 Aug 11.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital.

It is widely known that β-blockers exert beneficial effects on non-ischemic and ischemic systolic heart failure (sHF) in nonstructural hearts. However, whether β-blockers exert similar effects on sHF associated with congenital heart disease (CHD), particularly in an anatomical right ventricle, remains under debate.Here we report the case of an adult man with repaired tetralogy of Fallot suffering from biventricular heart failure. Read More

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019 Jan 9;35(1):143-151. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Cardiac tachyarrhythmias are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). We evaluated risk factors for sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT) and atrial tachyarrhythmia (ATA) in these patients. Patients (n = 319) who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging at two tertiary centers between 2007 and 2016 were assessed. Read More

World J Pediatr 2018 Oct 30;14(5):510-519. Epub 2018 Jul 30.

Center for Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.

Background: The prognosis of tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve (TOF/APV) without operation is poor. We evaluated the surgical outcome of TOF/APV in a single center.

Methods: Twenty-two TOF/APV patients underwent complete surgical correction in our hospital. Read More