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Aktuelle Urol 2018 Dec 6;49(6):500-508. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie der Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz.

Introduction:  Virtual reality (VR) is an artificially simulated environment permitting interaction. On the other hand, augmented reality (AR) is an enhanced version of reality created by the use of technology to overlay digital information on an image of something being viewed through a device. Both technologies have partially been implemented in clinical daily routine. Read More

Horm Metab Res 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Cross-sectional studies in small and selected populations report a high prevalence of hypercortisolism in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), which could have therapeutic implications, if confirmed. We therefore estimated the prevalence of hypercortisolism in a large and unselected cohort of recently diagnosed T2D patients. Consecutive patients with recently diagnosed T2D first underwent an overnight dexamethasone (1 mg) suppression test (OD). Read More

Semin Neurol 2018 Dec 6;38(6):634-639. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.

Back pain is a top primary and urgent care complaint; radicular pain can be caused by herniation of the nucleus pulposus (intervertebral disc), spinal stenosis, or degenerative changes to the vertebrae. The focus of this clinical review will be the clinical approach and treatment of lumbar radicular pain, cervical radicular pain, and spinal stenosis. Usually localized through neurological history, exam, and imaging, specific signs and symptoms for lumbar radicular, spinal stenosis, and cervical radicular pain can help determine etiology. Read More

Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018 Dec 3;57:57-63. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Pharmacology and Bio-Imaging Center, University of Würzburg, Germany.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are among the best-studied membrane receptors, mainly due to their central role in human physiology, involvement in disease and relevance as drug targets. Although biochemical and pharmacological studies have characterized the main steps in GPCR signaling, how GPCRs produce highly specific responses in our cells remains insufficiently understood. New developments in single-molecule microscopy have made it possible to study the protein-protein interactions at the basis of GPCR signaling in previously inconceivable detail. Read More

Comput Biol Med 2018 Nov 29;104:197-204. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands.

Mitral valve (MV) leaflets affect the formation, growth, and decay of vortices in the left ventricle (LV) during diastolic filling. The shape and motion of MV leaflets are simplified in most studies due to computational restrictions. In this study, we present a newly developed mathematical method to model the dynamic movement of valve leaflets and annulus, which is based on in vivo data obtained with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Read More

Epilepsy Behav 2018 Dec 3;90:93-98. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

IRCCS "NEUROMED", Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report long-term seizure outcome in patients who underwent frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) surgery.

Method: This retrospective study included 44 consecutive subjects who underwent resective surgery for intractable FLE at IRCCS NEUROMED (period 2001-2014), followed up for at least 2 years (mean: 8.7 years). Read More

Clin Imaging 2018 Dec 2;54:37-39. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave., Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) may coexist with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) due to implication of the SMAD4 gene in a subset of both diseases. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first case in the radiologic literature on the MRI findings in a patient with this rare combined diagnosis undergoing workup for burden of disease. Read More

Clin Imaging 2018 Nov 30;54:31-36. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Trabzon Kanuni Education and Research Hospital, Department of Radiology, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between gastric wall fat halo sign and visceral obesity with potentially associated diseases.

Materials And Methods: Between September 2015 and April 2017, 90 patients with gastric wall fat halo signs and 130 controls were prospectively evaluated. Patient height, weight, body mass index (BMI), sex, age, subcutaneous fat area (SFA), visceral fat area (VFA), total fat area (TFA), percentage of visceral fat (VF%) and the presence of colic or ileal fat halo signs, hepatic steatosis and aortic calcified plaques were recorded for the two groups. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Background: Plaque characteristics play pivotal roles in ischemic events, but stenosis severity does not accurately reflect carotid plaque volume due to expansive remodeling in some patients with low-grade stenosis (LGS).

Objective: This study aimed to assess the safety, efficacy, and durability of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for symptomatic LGS.

Methods: Study participants comprised 61 consecutive patients who underwent CEA for symptomatic carotid stenosis. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Policlinico "G. Rodolico" University Hospital, Via Santa Sofia 86, 95123 - Catania, Italy.

Background: Arachnoiditis ossificans (AO) is a rare condition often associated with previous spine surgery. Here we describe a unique case of a patient affected by ankylosing spondylitis (AS), presenting with progressive neurological deterioration due to AO. We also review the literature on evaluation and management of patients suffering from AO. Read More

Neuroimage 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Psychology, Yale University, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, USA.

Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) aims to maximize resolvable information from functional brain scans by considering temporal changes in network structure. Recent work has demonstrated that static, i.e. Read More

Eur J Pharm Sci 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary. Electronic address:

A new renaissance started in the research and application of cyclodextrins a few years ago. 2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) is used in the formulation of drugs and recently orphan designation was granted for the treatment of Niemann-Pick disease, type C. HPBCD is considered to be safe, but the exact mechanism of action and side effects are not completely explained. Read More

Brain Res Bull 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Encephalopathy, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, China. Electronic address:

Reticulons (RTNs) are a group of membrane-bound proteins that are dominantly localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). RTN1-C, one isoform of RTNs highly expressed in the brain, has been shown to mediate neuronal injury in cerebral ischemia models. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of RTN1-C in an in vitro model of Parkinson's disease (PD) mimicked by 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP) treatment in SN4741 cells. Read More

Pharmacol Ther 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Medical Oncology, CAncer Research for PErsonalized Medicine (CARPEM), Paris Centre Teaching Hospitals, Paris Descartes University, USPC, Paris, France.

Body composition has gained increasing attention in oncology in recent years due to fact that sarcopenia has been revealed to be a strong prognostic indicator for survival across multiple stages and cancer types and a predictive factor for toxicity and surgery complications. Accumulating evidence over the last decade has unraveled the "pharmacology" of sarcopenia. Lean body mass may be more relevant to define drug dosing than the "classical" body surface area or flat-fixed dosing in patients with cancer. Read More

J Control Release 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Department of Targeted Therapeutics, Biomaterial Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Surv Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Wills Eye Hospital , Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia PA.

A 51-year-old woman with a previous history of rheumatoid arthritis experienced painless and progressive visual loss in the left eye for three weeks. Fundus examination revealed optic disc pallor in her left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbits showed enhancement of the pachymeninges and hypersignal at the left optic nerve. Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Associate Professor, Departments of Clinical Neurosciences and Surgery, University of Calgary.

A 45-year-old Caucasian woman presented with chronic bilateral, painless, progressive, peripheral vision loss. She was found to have bilateral optic atrophy and non-enhancing multifocal white matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed elevated myelin basic protein. Read More

Chem Phys Lipids 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, 500037, India. Electronic address:

Cabazitaxel as microtubule inhibitor and thymoquinone as HDAC inhibitor affects the important genes like p53, STAT3, Bax, BCL-2, p21 and down regulation of NF-κB are reported for potential activity against breast tumors. However, poor aqueous solubility and permeability hinders the delivery of these drugs to target site. To address the delivery challenges cabazitaxel and thymoquinone co-loaded lipospheres were developed. Read More

Neuron 2018 Dec;100(5):1241-1251.e7

Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Neural Circuit Laboratories, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Large numbers of brain regions are active during behaviors. A high-resolution, brain-wide activity map could identify brain regions involved in specific behaviors. We have developed functional ultrasound imaging to record whole-brain activity in behaving mice at a resolution of ∼100 μm. Read More

Neuron 2018 Dec;100(5):1019-1021

Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; BioX, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address:

In this issue of Neuron, Macé et al. (2018) use whole-brain functional ultrasound imaging in mice to unveil the circuits involved reflexive eye movements. They separated the sensory and motor networks and discovered that certain eye movements robustly suppress the amygdala. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013186. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are high-risk skin cancers which have the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early curable cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013189. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Campus, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers, which have the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised, with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013193. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers which have the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early curable cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Dec 3;12:CD013188. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK, B15 2TT.

Background: Early, accurate detection of all skin cancer types is essential to guide appropriate management and to improve morbidity and survival. Melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are high-risk skin cancers with the potential to metastasise and ultimately lead to death, whereas basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is usually localised, with potential to infiltrate and damage surrounding tissue. Anxiety around missing early curable cases needs to be balanced against inappropriate referral and unnecessary excision of benign lesions. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208972. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208763. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.

Clinicians commonly recommend increased hydration to patients with voice disorders. However, effects on clinical voice outcome measures have been inconsistent. Hydration-induced change within different layers of vocal fold tissue is currently unknown. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208588. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.

Purpose: Modern non-invasive evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) requires non-contrast low dose Computed Tomography (CT) imaging for determination of Calcium Scoring (CACS) and contrast-enhanced imaging for evaluation of vascular stenosis. Several methods for calculation of CACS from contrast-enhanced images have been proposed before. The main principle for that is generation of virtual non-contrast images by iodine subtraction from a contrast-enhanced spectral CT dataset. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208620. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background: Anterior temporal lobe hyperintensities detected by brain MRI are a recognized imaging hallmark of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). Because similar findings may be present in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the brain MRI in these two diseases is often misinterpreted. We compared the MRI findings between the two entities to examine whether they display distinctive characteristics. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0207376. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Mechanics of Biological Membranes and Biorheology, Dpto. Química Física I, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

We present a novel intensity-gradient based algorithm specifically designed for nanometer-segmentation of cell membrane contours obtained with high-resolution optical microscopy combined with high-velocity digital imaging. The algorithm relies on the image oversampling performance and computational power of graphical processing units (GPUs). Both, synthetic and experimental data are used to quantify the sub-pixel precision of the algorithm, whose analytic performance results comparatively higher than in previous methods. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208219. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Brazil.

Sugarcane bagasse is a vast lignocellulosic byproduct generated in the industry with ~50% humidity (1 kg dry matter associated with 1 kg water). Although the presence of water brings deleterious consequences for combustion, storage and sugar extraction, the location of water in fresh bagasse remains unknown. In this work, we use synchrotron X-ray microtomography for non-invasive 3D imaging of fresh bagasse particles, which allows the visualization of intraparticle water. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0207809. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Remote Sensing Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington D.C., United States of America.

Understanding how turbulence impacts marine floc formation and breakup is key to predicting particulate carbon transport in the ocean. While floc formation and sinking rate has been studied in the laboratory and in-situ, the breakup response to turbulence has attracted less attention. To address this problem, the breakup response of bentonite clay particles flocculated in salt water was studied experimentally. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0202257. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Objective: To determine whether a tailored multifaceted implementation strategy improves the initial management of patients with suspected encephalitis.

Design: Pragmatic two arm cluster randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Hospitals within the United Kingdom. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2019 Jan;40(1):79-85

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Molecular Imaging Group (IDIVAL), University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.

Objective: Carbon-11-(C)-choline PET/computed tomography (CT) has shown good results in re-staging of prostate cancer (PCa) with raised serum levels of prostate-specific antigen. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of positive C-choline PET/CT results in the therapeutic management of patients with PCa with biochemical relapse (BR) after curative intention treatment.

Patients And Methods: A total of 112 patients with PCa BR and positive C-choline PET/CT were retrospectively evaluated. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2019 Jan;40(1):3-7

Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton.

Aim: To compare weight, lean body mass and body surface area for calculation of standardised uptake value (SUV) in fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography, taking sex into account.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective study of 161 (97 men) patients. Maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) and mean standardised uptake value (SUVmean) were obtained from a 3-cm region of interest over the right lobe of the liver and scaled to weight, scaled to lean body mass (SUL) and scaled to body surface area (SUA). Read More

Cell Cycle 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

b Department of Thoracic Surgery , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang 110004 , Liaoning , China.

Breast cancer threatened the health of millions of people around the world. Here we explored the influence of TCDD on the expression of circRNA_BARD1 (circ_0001098) in breast cancer and studied the potential molecular mechanism of circRNA_BARD1. The data from GSE76608 was applied to analyze differentially expressed circRNAs and mRNAs. Read More

Islets 2018 Dec 6:1-18. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

a Institute of Molecular Biology/CMBI , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria.

Assessing the response of pancreatic islet cells to glucose stimulation is important for understanding β-cell function. Zebrafish are a promising model for studies of metabolism in general, including stimulus-secretion coupling in the pancreas. We used transgenic zebrafish embryos expressing a genetically-encoded Ca sensor in pancreatic β-cells to monitor a key step in glucose induced insulin secretion; the elevations of intracellular [Ca]. Read More

Environ Sci Technol 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Mushrooms accumulate arsenic (As), yet As concentrations, speciation, and localization in cultivated mushrooms across a large geographic distribution are unknown. We characterized 141 samples of 9 species from markets in 9 capital cities in China, with samples of Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Agaricus bisporus being analyzed for As speciation and localization. Total As concentrations ranged 0. Read More

Anal Chem 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

The color expression of anthocyanin pigments in blue flowers is precisely controlled by the pigments' chemical and physical environmental properties such as pH, metal ions, and the presence of colorless copigments. Despite the large number of known blue flowers, the coloration mechanisms of these have rarely been resolved. Herein, we showed that the blue coloration of Viola cornuta petals is expressed via the copigmentation of various flavonol 3-O-glycosides that are localized in considerable amounts in the blue regions together with violanin, an anthocyanin. Read More

Biomacromolecules 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Delivery of clinically approved nonfluorescent drugs is facing challenges because it is difficult to monitor the intracellular drug delivery without incorporating any integrated fluorescence moiety into the drug carrier. The present investigation reports the synthesis of a pH-responsive autofluorescent polymeric nano-scaffold for the administration of nonfluorescent aromatic nitrogen mustard chlorambucil (CBL) drug into the cancer cells. Copolymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) appended styrene and CBL conjugated N-substituted maleimide monomers enables the formation of well-defined luminescent alternating copolymer. Read More

ACS Nano 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Photo-switching behavior of individual organic molecules was imaged by annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) using a highly electron beam transparent graphene support. Photo-switching azobenzene derivatives with ligands at each ends containing single transition metal atoms (Pt) were designed (Pt-complex), and the distance between the strong ADF-STEM contrast from the two Pt atoms in each Pt-complex is used to track molecular length changes. UV irradiation was used to induce photo-switching of the Pt complex on graphene, and we show that the measured Pt-Pt distances within isolated molecules decreases from ~2. Read More

Int Braz J Urol 2018 Oct 30;44. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.

Objectives: To ascertain the opinions of North American genitourinary (GU) experts regarding inclusion of technologies such as prostate - specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and C - 11 choline positron emission tomography (PET) into routine practice.

Materials And Methods: A survey was distributed to North American GU experts. Questions pertained to the role of PSMA and C - 11 PET in PCa management. Read More

Breast J 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York.

Purpose: Evaluate the clinical presentation and imaging findings of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA ALCL) at a large US cancer center.

Materials And Methods: HIPAA-compliant IRB approved retrospective study, for which informed consent was waived. The Hospital Information System was screened for women who underwent implant reconstruction and were diagnosed with BIA ALCL between 2010 and 2016. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Surgery remains the first choice of cure for early stage lung cancer. However, many patients are diagnosed at advanced stage, and thus miss the opportunity to undergo surgery. As such patients derive limited benefits from chemotherapy or radiotherapy, alternatives focusing on local control have emerged, including iodine-125 seed implantation. Read More

Chemistry 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Kings College London, Department of Imaging Chemistry and Biology, St Thomas' Hospital, SE1 7EH, London, UNITED KINGDOM.

Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) catalyze the oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids, with elevated ALDH expression in human cancers linked to metastases and poor overall survival. Despite ALDH being a poor prognostic factor, the non-invasive assessment of ALDH activity in vivo has not been possible due to a lack of sensitive and translational imaging agents. In this report, we present the synthesis and biological evaluation of ALDH1A1-selective chemical probes composed of an aromatic aldehyde derived from N,N-diethylamino benzaldehyde (DEAB) linked to a fluorinated pyridine ring either via an amide or amine linkage. Read More

J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15261.

Tracheal stenting currently using non-degradable stents is commonplace for treatment of trauma, prolonged intubation related adult airway obstructions, and pediatric patients-associated tracheal stenosis conditions. Degradable tracheal stent placement will avoid complications of stent removal and restenosis. Widespread reports exist on degradable magnesium alloys success for orthopedic and cardiovascular applications but none to date for intra tracheal use. Read More

J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104.

Based on the hypothesis that bioscaffold permeability is a major factor in determining the outcome of histologically complete and functional bladder regeneration, we evaluated regeneration processes of four-layer porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) construct; and compared results between rat bladders augmented with single-layer SIS bioscaffolds. Sprague-Dawley female rats were subjected to hemi-cystectomy followed by anastomosis of a patch of either single- or four-layer porcine SIS. Permeability was analyzed in situ using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at post-operative days 7 and 14. Read More