Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Aorta (Stamford) 2018 Dec 24;6(6):130-138. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Background:  Head and neck pain is an atypical presentation of acute aortic dissection. Classic teaching associates this pain with proximal dissections, but this has not been extensively studied.

Methods:  Patients enrolled in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection from January 1996 to March 2015 were included in this study. Read More

Appl Clin Inform 2019 Mar 24;10(2):278-285. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.

Objective:  Visual cohort analysis utilizing electronic health record data has become an important tool in clinical assessment of patient outcomes. In this article, we introduce Composer, a visual analysis tool for orthopedic surgeons to compare changes in physical functions of a patient cohort following various spinal procedures. The goal of our project is to help researchers analyze outcomes of procedures and facilitate informed decision-making about treatment options between patient and clinician. Read More

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Background:  No studies have directly and quantitatively compared two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) planning as applied during conventional percutaneous or navigated percutaneous pedicle screw placement.

Study Aims:  This lumbar pedicle-based stabilization simulation study aimed to investigate the risk of upper facet joint violation (FJV) during posterior percutaneous pedicle screw placement with conventional 2D planning of screw implantation (as a model for fluoroscopically guided screws) compared with 3D planning (as used with navigation techniques).

Methods:  The placement of monosegmental lumbar pedicle screws using the data sets of 250 consecutive patients was simulated. Read More

Phys Med Biol 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, UNITED STATES.

Purpose: Photon counting detectors (PCD) can provide spectral information to enable iodine quantification through multi-energy imaging but performance is limited by current PCD technology. The purpose of this work is to evaluate iodine quantification in a phantom study using dual-source PCD-CT (DS-PCD-CT), and compare to single-source (SS)-PCD-CT and traditional DS energy integrating detector (EID)-based dual-energy CT.
 Materials and Methods: A multi-energy CT phantom with iodine inserts (0 to 15 mg/ml concentration) was imaged on a research SS-PCD-CT scanner (CTDIvol = 18 mGy). Read More

J Radiol Prot 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Imaging, University Putra Malaysia, Department of Imaging, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Serdang, 43400, MALAYSIA.

Novel germanium (Ge)-doped silica glass fibres tailor-made in Malaysia are fast gaining recognition as potential media for thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry, with active research ongoing into exploitation of their various beneficial characteristics. Investigation is made herein of the capability of these media for use in diagnostic imaging dosimetry, specifically at the radiation dose levels typically obtained in conduct of Computed Tomography (CT). As a first step within such efforts, there is need to investigate the performance of the fibres using tightly defined spectra, use being made of a Philips constant potential industrial X-Ray facility, Model MG165, located at the Malaysian Nuclear Agency Secondary Standards Dosimetry Lab (SSDL). Read More

Phys Med Biol 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Montreal, CANADA.

The integration of pre-operative biomechanical planning with intra-operative imaging for navigated corrective spine surgery may improve surgical outcome, as well as the accuracy and safety of manoeuvres such as pedicle screw insertion and cable tethering, as these steps are performed empirically by the surgeon. However, registration of finite element models (FEM) of the spine remains challenging due to changes in patient positioning and imaging modalities. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new method registering a preoperatively constructed patient-specific finite element model (FEM) aimed to plan and assist anterior vertebral body tethering (AVBT) of scoliotic patients, to intraoperative Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) during navigated AVBT procedures. Read More

Cancer Lett 2019 Apr 21. Epub 2019 Apr 21.

Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tang Du Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China. Electronic address:

Early accurate diagnosis and targeted therapy for cancer are essential to improve the prognosis of patients. With the emergence of molecular imaging, molecule-targeted ultrasound imaging for the non-invasive and precise detection of cancer has attracted increased attention. The investigation of molecule-targeted ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) with excellent performance is urgently needed. Read More

Annu Rev Biochem 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Morningside Laboratory for Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China; email: , , , ,

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) encompass a collection of intricately linked chemical entities characterized by individually distinct physicochemical properties and biological reactivities. Although excessive ROS generation is well known to underpin disease development, it has become increasingly evident that ROS also play central roles in redox regulation and normal physiology. A major challenge in uncovering the relevant biological mechanisms and deconvoluting the apparently paradoxical roles of distinct ROS in human health and disease lies in the selective and sensitive detection of these transient species in the complex biological milieu. Read More

ACS Nano 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Engineering a versatile oncotherapy nanoplatform integrating both diagnostic and therapeutic functions has always been an intractable challenge in targeted cancer treatment. Herein, to actualize the theme of precise medicine, a nanoplatform is developed by anchoring Mn-Cdots to doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded mesoporous silica-coated gold cube-in-cubes core/shell nanocomposites and further conjugating them to a Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide (denoted as RGD-CCmMC/DOX) to achieve active-targeting effect. Under a 635 nm irradiation, the nanoplatform acts as oxygen nanogenerator that produces O2 in situ and amplifies the content of singlet oxygen (1O2) in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), which has been demonstrated to attenuate tumor hypoxia and synchronously enhance photodynamic efficacy. Read More

Small 2019 Apr 24:e1900157. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.

Tumor metastasis is considered a major cause of cancer-related human mortalities. However, it still remains a formidable challenge in clinics. Herein, a bioinspired multivalent nanoplatform for the highly effective treatment of the metastatic melanoma is reported. Read More

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

GERMANY.

Saccharides are ubiquitous biomolecules but little is known about their interaction with and assembly on surfaces. Combining preparative mass spectrometry with scanning tunneling microscopy, we have been able to address the conformation and self-assembly of the disaccharide sucrose on the Cu(100) surface with subunit-level imaging. By combining a multi-stage modelling approach and experimental data, we can rationalize the conformation on the surface as well as the interactions between the sucrose molecules, yielding models of the observed self-assembled patterns on the surface. Read More

J Mass Spectrom 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99352.

The spatial configuration and morphology of roots are commonly monitored for a better understanding of plant health and development. However, this approach provides minimal details about the biochemistry regulating the observable traits. Therefore, the ability to metabolically map the entire root structure would be of major value. Read More

J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Aims: To assess the utility of corneal confocal microscopy in identifying small fiber damage in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS).

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional cohort study was conducted at two United Kingdom dental hospitals between 2014 and 2017. A total of 17 consecutive patients with idiopathic BMS aged between 18 and 85 years and 14 healthy age-matched control subjects were enrolled in this study. Read More

PLoS One 2019 24;14(4):e0215400. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Philips Health Tech Asia Pacific, Minato-ku Tokyo, Japan.

Objective: To assess the inter-technique agreement of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) measurements obtained using T1- and T2*-perfusion MRI on 3T scanner in glioma patients.

Methods: A total of 49 adult patients with gliomas underwent both on T1- and T2*-perfusion in the same scanning session, and rCBV maps were estimated using both methods. For the quantitative analysis; Two independent observers recorded the rCBV values from the tumor as well as contralateral brain tissue from both T1- and T2*-perfusion. Read More

PLoS One 2019 24;14(4):e0214288. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Service de Physiologie-Explorations fonctionnelles, CHU Raymond Poincaré, APHP, Université de Versailles saint Quentin en Yvelines, Garches, France.

Background: In patients with neuromuscular disorders, assessment of respiratory function relies on forced vital capacity (FVC) measurements. Providing complementary respiratory outcomes may be useful for clinical trials. Diaphragm sniff ultrasound (US) is a noninvasive technique that can assess diaphragm function that may be affected in patients with neuromuscular disorders. Read More

PLoS One 2019 24;14(4):e0210924. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington DC, United States of America.

Colorful feathers have long been assumed to be conspicuous to predators, and hence likely to incur costs due to enhanced predation risk. However, many mammals that prey on birds have dichromatic visual systems with only two types of color-sensitive visual receptors, rather than the three and four photoreceptors characteristic of humans and most birds, respectively. Here, we use a combination of multispectral imaging, reflectance spectroscopy, color vision modelling and visual texture analysis to compare the visual signals available to conspecifics and to mammalian predators from multicolored feathers from the Indian peacock (Pavo cristatus), as well as red and yellow parrot feathers. Read More

PLoS One 2019 24;14(4):e0205219. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Department of Computer Science, Computational Visualization Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78705, United States of America.

Chemical hyperspectral imaging (HSI) data is naturally high dimensional and large. There are thus inherent manual trade-offs in acquisition time, and the quality of data. Minimum Noise Fraction (MNF) developed by Green et al. Read More

Mol Biol Cell 2019 Apr 24:mbcE18100630. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093.

Cellular levels of the versatile second messenger, cyclic-(c)AMP are regulated by the antagonistic actions of the canonical G protein → adenylyl cyclase pathway that is initiated by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and attenuated by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Dysregulated cAMP signaling drives many diseases, , its low levels facilitate numerous sinister properties of cancer cells. Recently, an alternative paradigm for cAMP signaling has emerged in which growth factor-receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs; , EGFR) access and modulate G proteins via a cytosolic guanine-nucleotide exchange modulator (GEM), GIV/Girdin; dysregulation of this pathway is frequently encountered in cancers. Read More

Langmuir 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Despite the considerable research interest due to omnipresent and practical importance of interfacial phenomena (e.g., wetting and de-wetting) on nano-textured surfaces in the academic and industrial fields, directly visualizing the behavior and shapes of liquid-vapor interfaces between nano-scale structures remains an arduous task because of the resolution limitations of visualization techniques. Read More

Biomacromolecules 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Premature and uncomplete drug release are the typical bottlenecks of drug release in traditional chemotherapy. Synergistic therapies are high desirable in medicine and biology since they can compensate for the drawbacks of single therapy and significantly enhance the therapeutic efficacy. Herein, a novel NIR-activated polymeric nanoplatform with upper critical solution temperature (UCST) was constructed for image-guided synergistic photothermal and chemotherapy. Read More

Chemistry 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Nanjing University, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, No. 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, 210046, Nanjing, CHINA.

Reactive signaling molecules participate in varieties of biochemical reactions, and methods to detect their mutual existence and crosstalk are in urgent demand. We first designed a benzothiadiazole-based handle that fluorescently responds to the co-existence of H2S and H2O2 under pseudo-physiological conditions, and demonstrated a thiyl radical-mediated mechanism that accounts for the rapid and efficient domino-like reaction processes. Then we mounted the handle motif to a rhodamine moiety via an ethynylene linkage, and achieved a significant H2S-H2O2 mutual response in the mitochondria of living cells. Read More

Prostate 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: Intratumoral steroidogenesis and its potential relevance in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and in cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (CYP17A1)-inhibitor treated hormone-naïve and patients with CRPC are not well established. In this study, we tested if substrates for de novo steroidogenesis accumulating during CYP17A1 inhibition may drive cell growth in relevant preclinical models.

Methods: PCa cell lines and their respective CRPC sublines were used to model CRPC in vitro. Read More

J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Research Site Leipzig, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Leipzig, Germany.

Monocarboxylate transporters 1 and 4 (MCT1 and MCT4) are involved in tumor development and progression. Their expression levels are related to clinical disease prognosis. Accordingly, both MCTs are promising drug targets for treatment of a variety of human cancers. Read More

Elife 2019 Apr 24;8. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States.

Huntington's disease (HD) is initially characterized by an inability to suppress unwanted movements, a deficit attributable to impaired synaptic activation of striatal indirect pathway spiny projection neurons (iSPNs). To better understand the mechanisms underlying this deficit, striatal neurons in ex vivo brain slices from mouse genetic models of HD were studied using electrophysiological, optical and biochemical approaches. Distal dendrites of iSPNs from symptomatic HD mice were hypoexcitable, a change that was attributable to increased association of dendritic Kv4 potassium channels with auxiliary KChIP subunits. Read More

Brain Inj 2019 Apr 24:1-8. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

b Kessler Foundation , East Hanover , NJ , USA.

Background And Objective: Changes in cerebral white matter organization have been documented in acute phases of recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, little is known about reorganization processes in more chronic stages of recovery. The current study identified changes in white matter organization in chronic cases of TBI, and determined the relationship between structural changes and cognitive functioning. Read More

Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2019 Apr 24:2048872619846506. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

2 Cardiology Department, Hospital de Santa Cruz, Portugal.

Background: Patients with acute pulmonary embolism are at intermediate-high risk in the presence of imaging signs of right ventricular dysfunction plus one or more elevated cardiac biomarker. We hypothesised that intermediate-high risk patients with two elevated cardiac biomarkers and imaging signs of right ventricular dysfunction have a worse prognosis than those with one cardiac biomarker and imaging signs of right ventricular dysfunction.

Methods: We analysed the cumulative presence of cardiac biomarkers and imaging signs of right ventricular dysfunction in 525 patients with intermediate risk pulmonary embolism (intermediate-high risk = 237) presenting at the emergency department in two centres. Read More

Br J Radiol 2019 Apr 24:20181025. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road , London , UK.

Objectives: To compare commercially available image analysis tools Hermes BRASS and Siemens with clinical assessment in 18F-Florbetapir PET scans.

Methods: 225 scans were reported by clinicians and quantified using two software packages. Scans were classified into type A (typical features) or non-type A (atypical features) for both positive and negative scans. Read More

Br J Radiol 2019 Apr 24:20180929. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

1 Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of medicine , Seoul , Korea.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of contrast-enhanced digital mammography (CEDM) and MRI, including maximal intensity projection (MIP) images, for measuring the tumour size of breast cancer.

Methods: We included 52 females (mean age, 50.9 years) with surgery due to breast cancer, and measured maximum diameter of main mass on mediolateral oblique (MLO) and craniocaudal (CC) views of mammography and CEDM; sagittal, axial MIP images, and early dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (CEMRI) before surgery. Read More

Br J Radiol 2019 Apr 24:20180823. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

5 Radiation Therapy, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO , IRCCS, Candiolo (To) , Italy.

Objective: This study was undertaken to model the biochemical free survival at 5 years and to evaluate the parameters defining dose-response curve, dose-fractionation radiosensitivity and repopulation.

Methods: It was carried out a literature search on Pubmed to retrieve data sets of patients treated with external beam radiation therapy of 1.8-4. Read More

Br J Radiol 2019 Apr 24:20180233. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

3 Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan University , Tokyo.

Objective: We developed a new respiratory-gated positron emission tomography (PET) imaging method (RGV-PET) that phase-based respiratory gated PET imaging (RG-PET) combine with head-mounted display (HMD)-guided "visual feedback." The purpose of this study was to investigate whether RGV-PET is effective for stabilizing the quantitativeness of tumors in the phase-based respiratory gating method.

Methods: Of the 41 enrolled patients with hepatobiliary or pancreatic cancer, 20 patients underwent RGV-PET and the remaining 21 patients underwent RG-PET. Read More

J Am Chem Soc 2019 Apr 21. Epub 2019 Apr 21.

The key factor responsible for fast diffusion and mass transfer through a porous material is the availability of a widely open pore-interior having complete accessibility from their surface. But, due to their highly stacked nature, ordered two dimen-sional (2D) materials fail to find real-world applicability, as it is difficult to take advantage of their complete structure, espe-cially the inner cores. In this regard, three dimensional (3D) nano-structures constructed from layered two dimensional crys-tallites could prove advantageous. Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles (USIONPs) (< 4 nm) have recently attracted significant attention because of their potential as positive T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent contrary to larger superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (> 6 nm) which act as negative T2 MRI contrast agent. However, studies on the cellular uptake behavior of these nanoparticles are very limited compared to their counterpart, larger sized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. In particular, the effects of specific nanoparticle parameters on the cellular uptake behavior of USIONPs by various cancer cells are not available. Read More

ACS Sens 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

RNA-based fluorescent probes are currently limited by their low selectivity towards RNA versus DNA, and low specificity to different RNA structures. Poor membrane permeability is another defect of existing fluorogenic RNA probes for intracellular imaging. In this work, a naphthalimide derivative, probe 1, was developed for the rapid and selective detection of intracellu-lar ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Read More

ACS Chem Neurosci 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

The tropomyosin receptor kinase TrkA/B/C family is responsible for human neuronal growth, survival and differentiation from early nervous system development stages onward. Downregulation of TrkA/B/C receptors characterizes numerous neurological disorders including Alzheimer disease (AD). Abnormally expressed Trk receptors or chimeric Trk fusion proteins are also well-characterized oncogenic drivers in a variety of neurogenic and non-neurogenic human neoplasms and are currently the focus of intensive clinical research. Read More

Head Neck 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Background: Microvascular reconstruction in vessel-depleted necks is challenging due to limited availability of recipient vessels. We examine the utility of dual-phase CT angiography (CTA), which delineates both arteries and veins, for preoperative planning in such difficult cases.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of a single surgeon from July 2013 to July 2017 in a tertiary referral center was performed. Read More

Protein Sci 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 50 South Drive MSC 8012, Bethesda, MD 20892-8012, USA.

The explosion in genome-wide sequencing has revealed that non-coding RNAs are ubiquitous and highly conserved in biology. New molecular tools are needed for their study in live cells. Fluorescent RNA-small molecule complexes have emerged as powerful counterparts to fluorescent proteins, which are well established, universal tools in the study of proteins in cell biology. Read More

Prenat Diagn 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, 59 boulevard Pinel, 69500, Bron-Lyon, France.

Objective: To examine the outcome of pregnancy with fetal transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) below the 5 percentile based on routine second or third-trimester ultrasonography.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 12,344 women according to TCD Z-scores based on systematic second or third-trimester ultrasound examination between 2007 and 2015. Information on major malformations, chromosomal anomalies, intrauterine or neonatal demise, and other abnormal findings were collected. Read More

Dalton Trans 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.

The direct conversion of propane into aromatics (BTX) using modified ZSM-5 was achieved with a strategy of "catalysis by design". In contrast to the classical mode of action of classical aromatization catalysts which are purely based on acidity, we have designed the catalyst associating two functions: One function (Ti-hydride) was selected to activate the C-H bond of propane by σ-bond metathesis to further obtain olefin by β-H elimination and the other function (Brønsted acid) being responsible for the oligomerization, cyclization, and aromatization. This bifunctional catalyst was obtained by selectively grafting a bulky organometallic complex of tetrakis(neopentyl)titanium (TiNp4) at the external surface (external silanol ([triple bond, length as m-dash]Si-OH) group) of [H-ZSM-5300] to obtain [Ti/ZSM-5] catalyst 1. Read More

Nanoscale 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland.

A highly versatile and scalable path to obtain buried magnetic nanostructures within alloy thin films, while maintaining a flat topography, is described. A magnetic pattern of nanoscale periodicity is generated over ∼cm2 areas by employing a B2 → A2 structural transition in the prototype Fe60Al40 thin alloy films. The phase transition was induced in the confined regions via ion-irradiation through self-assembled nanosphere masks. Read More

Biomater Sci 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China. and Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.

Multifunctional theranostic platforms, especially single component-based platforms, enable both cancer treatment and real-time imaging as well as enhance the efficiency of treatment. In this study, 50 nm Mo2C nanospheres were explored as a "one-for-all" theranostic agent. The light-harvesting of Mo2C covered the entire near infrared region, and NIR irradiation concurrently triggered hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; thus, synergistic outcomes of photothermal and photodynamic therapy could be realized. Read More

Dalton Trans 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.

The coordination chemistry of the first row transition metal trifluorides with terpy (2,2':6',2''-terpyridine) and Me3-tacn (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) was explored to identify potential systems for 18F radiolabelling. The complexes [MF3(L)] (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co; L = Me3-tacn, terpy) were synthesised and fully characterised by UV-vis and IR spectroscopy, microanalysis, and, for the diamagnetic [CoF3(L)], using 1H, 19F{1H} and 59Co NMR spectroscopy. Single crystal X-ray analyses are reported for [MF3(Me3-tacn)] (M = Mn, Co), [FeF3(terpy)] and [FeF3(BnMe2-tacn)]. Read More

Eur Urol Oncol 2019 Mar 22;2(2):166-173. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.

Background: Current imaging techniques may not detect all prostate cancer (PCa) lesions.

Objective: To evaluate positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) using the radiolabeled GRPR antagonist probe BAY86-7548 (Ga-RM2) for localization of newly diagnosed PCa in comparison with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), histopathology, and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a prospective study of 16 men with biopsy-proven PCa (2 low, 8 intermediate, and 6 high risk). Read More

Eur Urol Oncol 2019 Mar 29;2(2):163-165. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Australia.

Eur Urol Oncol 2019 Mar 31;2(2):152-162. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Metropolitan Nuclear Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Context: Advanced prostate cancer (PCa) is a prominent cause of cancer death in men; positron emission tomography (PET) imaging may play a relevant role in detecting metastases and thus allowing a more tailored therapy in these patients. Radioligand therapy (RLT) may also gain relevance as a treatment strategy in advanced disease.

Objective: The aim of this review is to highlight how the recently developed theranostic processes may become a part of both the available diagnostic and the therapy arsenal in advanced PCa patients. Read More

Eur Urol Oncol 2019 Mar 17;2(2):135-140. Epub 2018 Aug 17.

Department of Urology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging/ultrasound-guided fusion biopsy (FBx) is more accurate at detecting clinically significant prostate cancer than conventional transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic biopsy. However, learning curves for attaining accuracy may limit the generalizability of published outcomes.

Objective: To delineate and quantify the learning curve for FBx by assessing the targeted biopsy accuracy and pathological quality of systematic biopsy over time. Read More

Int J Health Care Qual Assur 2019 Mar;32(2):488-498

Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.

Purpose: Trans-oral robotic surgery (TORS) is increasingly employed in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) management. Objective outcomes are generally assessed through polysomnography. Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be a useful adjunct in objective upper airway assessment, in particular the tongue base, providing useful information for surgical planning and outcome assessment, though care must be taken in patient positioning during surgery. Read More

Neuroradiol J 2019 Apr 24:1971400919845619. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

1 Pediatric Radiology Department, Clocheville Hospital, University Hospital Center of Tours, France.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a gadolinium injection is currently used in the follow-up of children in remission of cerebral tumors (CTs). Intracerebral gadolinium deposition has been recently reported with unknown risks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of unenhanced brain MRI (U-MRI) in detection of tumor recurrence. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2019 May;8(9):e010810

2 Department of Clinical Epidemiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden the Netherlands.

Background Identifying associations between serum metabolites and visceral adipose tissue ( VAT ) could provide novel biomarkers of VAT and insights into the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases. We aimed to discover and replicate metabolites reflecting pathways related to VAT . Methods and Results Associations between fasting serum metabolites and VAT area (by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) were assessed with cross-sectional linear regression of individual-level data from participants in MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; discovery, N=1103) and the NEO (Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity) study (replication, N=2537). Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2019 May;8(9):e010920

1 Sydney Translational Imaging Laboratory Heart Research Institute Charles Perkins Centre The University of Sydney Camperdown Sydney NSW Australia.

Background Silent brain infarcts ( SBI ) are increasingly being recognized as an important complication of cardiac procedures as well as a potential surrogate marker for studies on brain injury. The extent of subclinical brain injury is poorly defined. Methods and Results We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis utilizing studies of SBI s and focal neurologic deficits following cardiac procedures. Read More

Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019 Apr 24. Epub 2019 Apr 24.

Physiology, University of Kentucky, United States.

Airway narrowing due to hyper-responsiveness severely limits gas exchange in patients with asthma. Imaging studies in humans and animals have previously shown that bronchoconstriction causes patchy patterns of ventilation defects throughout the lungs, and several computational models have predicted that these regions are due to constriction of smaller airways. However, these imaging approaches are often limited in their ability to capture dynamic changes in small airways, and the patterns of constriction are heterogeneous. Read More