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Integr Blood Press Control 2020 2;13:71-82. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Ochsner Clinic Foundation, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of renal artery stenosis. Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) is associated with three clinical problems: renovascular hypertension, ischemic nephropathy and cardiac destabilization syndrome which pose huge healthcare implications. There is a significant rate of natural disease progression with worsening severity of renal artery stenosis when renal revascularization is not pursued in a timely manner. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 9;12(4):e7609. Epub 2020 Apr 9.

Radiology, James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Johnson City, USA.

Renal hypoperfusion from renal artery stenosis (RAS) activates the renin-angiotensin system, which in turn causes volume overload and hypertension. Atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia are the most common causes of renal artery stenosis. Recurrent flash pulmonary edema, also known as Pickering syndrome, is commonly associated with bilateral renal artery stenosis. Read More

Indian Pediatr 2020 May 12;57(5):443-451. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Renovascular hypertension (RVHTN) is an important contributor to secondary etiologies of hypertension in the pediatric population. A delay in diagnosis can be associated with adverse outcomes. The etiologies of renal artery stenosis (RAS) vary from anatomical, inflammatory, genetic syndromes, intra-luminal, external compression and idiopathic. Read More

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2020 Apr 16;22(4):678-682. Epub 2020 Mar 16.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Drug-induced hypertension is one of the commonest causes of secondary hypertension. In the last few years, secondary hypertension due to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, from the vascular endothelial growth factor class, has been recognized to be an important cause of hypertension, as well as proteinuria, and occasionally kidney dysfunction in some cases. Less well-recognized is that BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors also have adverse vascular effects. Read More

Pediatr Int 2020 Mar 10. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Despite advances in noninvasive vascular imaging, detection of renal artery stenosis via catheter angiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension (RVH). Due to lack of evidence, the utility of various blood tests and imaging modalities remains unclear.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the utility of blood tests [plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone, and renal vein renin values] and imaging studies [computed tomography (CT) angiography, kidney ultrasonography (US)] by comparing them with renal angiography. Read More

Hypertension 2020 Apr 9;75(4):1102-1109. Epub 2020 Mar 9.

From the Departments of Hypertension (E.W.-C., A.P., P.D., E.F., K.J.-P., M.K., M.P., K.H., P.T., M.S., K.K., A.J.), Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland.

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), regarded as a generalized vascular disease, may affect all vascular beds and may result in arterial stenosis, occlusion, aneurysm, or dissection. It has been proposed to systematically evaluate all vascular beds in patients with FMD, regardless of initial FMD involvement. However, the impact of this approach on clinical decisions and on management is unknown. Read More

Turk J Pediatr 2019 ;61(4):629-634

Departments of Medical Imaging, Changhua Christian Children's Hospital, Changhua.

Lee ML, Chang TM, Yang RC, Yang AD, Chen M. Systemic hypertension followed by insidious stroke in a 12-year-old boy with childhood neurofibromatosis type 1 presenting with renal and cerebral artery vasculopathy. Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61: 629-634. Read More

Basic Res Cardiol 2020 01 14;115(2):16. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) deliver genes and proteins to recipient cells, and mediate paracrine actions of their parent cells. Intrarenal delivery of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived EVs preserves stenotic-kidney function and reduces release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a swine model of coexisting metabolic syndrome (MetS) and renal artery stenosis (RAS). We hypothesized that this approach is also capable of blunting cardiac injury and dysfunction. Read More

Iran J Kidney Dis 2019 11;13(6):362-371

Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

Renovascular hypertension is known to occur due to varied causes. Absence of Renal artery stenosis or changes in renal vascular flow make it tough to establish a diagnosis of renovascular hypertension in the absence of invasive investigations. Segmental renal hypoplasia is not only a rare cause for renin mediated hypertension but also requires expertise and high index of suspicion while evaluating children with hypertension. Read More

J Med Vasc 2019 Dec 3;44(6):374-379. Epub 2019 Oct 3.

Service de chirurgie cardiovasculaire, faculté de médecine de Tunis, université Tunis El Manar, hôpital La Rabta, Tunis, Tunisie.

Introduction: Renal artery stenosis (RAS) may be symptomatic. The treatment of these lesions is primarily medical but may sometimes require surgical or endovascular revascularization. RAS angioplasty is well controlled but its results are discussed. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2019 Nov 16;20:1684-1690. Epub 2019 Nov 16.

Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Chikushino, Fukuoka, Japan.

BACKGROUND Although the effect of percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) on clinical outcomes has not been established in previous clinical studies, some case reports showed that PTRA drastically improved patient outcomes. The appropriateness of PTRA should be discussed in detail. CASE REPORT A 59-year-old man had been on treatment for hypertension for 5 years, but his blood pressure (BP) had been poorly controlled for the past 5 months. Read More

Ann Vasc Surg 2020 May 8;65:10-16. Epub 2019 Nov 8.

Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA. Electronic address:

Background: Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) may lead to graft dysfunction and failure. Progressive deterioration of renal allograft function may be exacerbated by contrast-induced nephrotoxicity during iodine contrast administration for renovascular imaging of allografts. We present our institutional experience of endovascular management for TRAS using CO digital subtraction angiography (CO-DSA) and balloon angioplasty to manage failing renal transplants. Read More

Vasc Endovascular Surg 2020 Feb 31;54(2):182-190. Epub 2019 Oct 31.

Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, AL, USA.

Purpose: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal-dominant disorder found in approximately 1 of every 3000 individuals. Neurofibromatosis type 1 can have vascular manifestations including aneurysms, stenoses, and arteriovenous malformations. The purpose of this article is to describe the clinical manifestations of NF1 vasculopathy, discuss therapeutic options, and highlight endovascular therapies from our institutional experience. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2019 06 1;8(11):e012366. Epub 2019 Jun 1.

Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine Marshall University Huntington WV.

Background Early rapid declines of kidney function may occur in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis with institution of medical therapy. The causes and consequences are not well understood. Methods and Results Patients enrolled in the medical therapy-only arm of the CORAL (Cardiovascular Outcomes With Renal Artery Lesions) study were assessed for a rapid decline (RD) in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), defined as a ≥30% decrease from baseline to either 3 months, 6 months, or both. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2019 06 1;8(11):e012584. Epub 2019 Jun 1.

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo Clinic Rochester MN.

Background Hypertension may be associated with renal cellular injury. Cells in distress release extracellular vesicles (EVs), and their numbers in urine may reflect renal injury. Cellular senescence, an irreversible growth arrest in response to a noxious milieu, is characterized by release of proinflammatory cytokines. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Jun 28;13(1):197. Epub 2019 Jun 28.

Department of Radiology, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430022, China.

Background: Secondary hypertension accounts for 5% of all cases of hypertension. Renal artery stenosis is one of the common causes of secondary hypertension. Atherosclerosis and fibromuscular dysplasia are the commonest types of stenosis associated with renal vascular hypertension, with the former accounting for 70-80% of all cases and the latter accounting for 10% of the incidence. Read More

PLoS One 2019 24;14(6):e0218788. Epub 2019 Jun 24.

Department of Nephrology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.

Background: In atherosclerotic renal artery disease, the benefit of revascularization is controversial. A clinical decision-making process based on a multidisciplinary meeting was formalized in the Lyon university hospital.

Objectives: To investigate whether this decisional process ensured a clinical benefit to patients assigned to renal revascularization. Read More

Pediatr Radiol 2019 05 3;49(6):727-736. Epub 2019 May 3.

Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, University College London Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, 30 Guilford Street London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.

Background: The cardiovascular phenotype is poorly characterized in treated pediatric hypertension. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to better characterize both cardiac and vascular phenotype in children with hypertension.

Objective: To use MRI to determine the cardiac and vascular phenotypes of different forms of treated hypertension and compare the results with those of healthy children. Read More

Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2019 Apr;47(3):235-238

Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

Secondary hypertension accounts for 5% to 10% of all hypertensive cases, and renal artery stenosis is one of the most common causes of secondary hypertension. Although atherosclerotic vascular disease and fibromuscular dysplasia are the leading causes of renal artery stenosis, there are other, rare etiologies, such as vasculitis and trauma. A partial nephrectomy is the standard of care treatment option for early stage renal carcinoma patients. Read More

Kidney Int 2019 04;95(4):948-957

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. Electronic address:

The relationships between renal blood flow (RBF), tissue oxygenation, and inflammatory injury in atherosclerotic renovascular disease (ARVD) are poorly understood. We sought to correlate RBF and tissue hypoxia with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in 48 kidneys from patients with ARVD stratified by single kidney iothalamate GFR (sGFR). Oxygenation was assessed by blood oxygenation level dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD MRI), which provides an index for the levels of deoxyhemoglobin within a defined volume of tissue (R2*). Read More

JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2019 Mar;12(6):505-517

Department of Cardiology at Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is the leading cause of secondary hypertension and may lead to resistant (refractory) hypertension, progressive decline in renal function, and cardiac destabilization syndromes (pulmonary edema, recurrent heart failure, or acute coronary syndromes) despite guideline-directed medical therapy. Although randomized controlled trials comparing medical therapy with medical therapy and renal artery stenting have failed to show a benefit for renal artery stenting, according to comparative effectiveness reviews by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the trials may not have enrolled patients with the most severe atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, who would be more likely to benefit from renal stenting. Because of limitations of conventional angiography, it is critical that the hemodynamic severity of moderately severe (50% to 70%) atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis lesions be confirmed on hemodynamic measurement. Read More

Nephrology (Carlton) 2019 Mar;24(3):365

Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.

BMC Nephrol 2019 02 21;20(1):64. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, No 5, Fu-Shing ST., Kwei-Shan, 33305, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Background: Renal artery stenosis is one of the secondary causes of pediatric hypertension. Cases with critical unilateral renal artery stenosis manifesting with the hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome are rare and a comprehensive description of this disorder in the pediatric population is lacking in the literature.

Case Presentation: We describe a 4-year-old boy who presented with severe hypertension, profound hyponatremia, hypokalemia, nephrotic range proteinuria, and polyuria. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2019 Oct 18;38(10):2651-2657. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Objectives: The diagnostic role of an ultrasound (US) and plasma renin activity (PRA) combination is unknown, despite the usefulness of Doppler US as a screening tool for renovascular hypertension (RVHT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of US for RVHT in children stratified according to PRA.

Methods: We identified 336 children who underwent renal Doppler US examinations for hypertension and divided them into a high-renin group (n = 177) and a normal-renin group (n = 159) based on PRA and stratified them by age. Read More

J Ultrason 2018 ;18(75):338-343

Department of General Surgery and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw , Poland.

The present clinical practice recommendations are addressed to physicians of all specialties, who perform Doppler ultrasound examinations of the kidneys on a daily basis, and in particular to specialists in radiology and imaging diagnostics. The recommendations were based on the Ultrasonography Standards of the Polish Ultrasound Society and current scientific reports consistent with Evidence Based Medicine. The paper discusses patient preparation protocol, examinat ion technique with particular emphasis on patient's position allowing to obtain proper Doppler angle of insonation, as well as diagnostic limitations of the technique. Read More

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2018 Aug;64(8):723-728

. Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Institute of Children, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil.

Aim: To describe the incidence, diagnosis, and management of systemic arterial hypertension related to renal artery stenosis in patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome.

Methods: Sixty-five patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome were evaluated for hypertension. Enrolled patients underwent Doppler sonography of the renal arteries and Doppler echocardiography. Read More

Cureus 2018 Nov 12;10(11):e3573. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinico-radiologic syndrome resulting in subcortical vasogenic edema appreciated on T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PRES classically involves bilateral parieto-occipital lobes and is usually reversible. Atypical variant of PRES includes the involvement of brainstem, basal ganglia, thalami, or periventricular white matter. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2019 01 14;20(1):19. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Regina General Hospital, 1440, 14th Avenue, Regina, S4P 0W5, Canada.

Background: We report a 61-year-old female with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to polycystic kidney disease (PKD) complicated by intradialytic hypertension (IDH). Increased sympathetic drive leading to increased stroke volume and/or vasoconstriction with an inappropriate increase in peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) has been postulated to be the cause of IDH.

Case Presentation: Attempts to control her blood pressure by reducing her goal weight; increasing dialysis times/ frequency and decreasing her sodium concentrate in the dialysis fluid were unsuccessful. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2019 Jan;132(1):63-68

Department of Sonography, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, China.

Background: Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is always associated with abnormalities in renal microvascular perfusion (RMP). However, few imaging methods can simultaneously evaluate the degree of luminal stenosis and RMP. Thus, this study will aim to evaluate the feasibility of using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for assessing both RAS and RMP to achieve a one-stop assessment of patients with suspected renovascular hypertension. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2019 Feb 3;51(2):285-291. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, 8 Xishiku St, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: To evaluate in a retrospective, single-center, case series if percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty/stenting of chronic renal artery occlusion is beneficial to renal function and blood pressure control, which remains controversial.

Methods: Data from 15 consecutive patients with renal artery stump who underwent successful percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty/stenting only for unilateral chronic renal artery occlusion at our center from January 2007 to February 2018 and completed follow-up were retrospectively evaluated. Of the 15 patients, 14 (93. Read More

Eurasian J Med 2018 Oct;50(3):210-212

Department of Cardiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.

A 23-year-old female patient with factor VII (FVII) deficiency was admitted with severe hypertension and renal failure. Brachial arterial pressures were 230/120 and 220/115 mm/Hg on the right and left arms, respectively. There was no blood pressure difference between the arms. Read More

Int J Rheum Dis 2019 Jan 5;22(1):140-151. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Advanced Paediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Aim: To report our experience on complex percutaneous interventions of the abdominal aorta and its branches in six children with Takayasu arteritis (TA).

Methods: A review of records of children with TA, who underwent percutaneous interventions of the abdominal aorta and its major branches.

Results: In this analysis, we included six children with TA who underwent intervention of the abdominal aorta and its major branches. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2018 11 5;176(11):2523-2527. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018 11 28;29(11):1613-1616. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

7810 Lookout Drive, La Jolla, California. Electronic address:

Sci Rep 2018 06 5;8(1):8598. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of renal and cardiovascular disease in renovascular hypertension (RVH). Ccl2 is an important mediator of inflammation, and is induced within 24 hours following surgery to establish RVH in the murine 2 kidney 1 clip model, a time prior to onset of interstitial inflammation, fibrosis, or tubular atrophy. We tested the hypothesis that Ccl2 deficiency protects the stenotic kidney (STK) from development of chronic renal damage in mice with renovascular hypertension due to renal artery stenosis (RAS). Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2018 09 4;33(9):1593-1599. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Background: Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a non-inflammatory vascular disease that in children unlike in adults shows no sex predilection. FMD is often underdiagnosed, and its pathophysiology is unclear. Delayed diagnosis may lead to refractory hypertension and decreases the chance of successful treatment. Read More

Kardiol Pol 2018 ;76(5):929

Instytut Kardiologii.

Intern Med 2018 Sep 27;57(18):2689-2694. Epub 2018 Apr 27.

Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Japan.

A 33-year-old man was admitted to our hospital to undergo an evaluation to determine the cause of secondary hypertension. Computerized tomography angiography (CTA) showed bilateral multiple renal arteries with significant stenosis of the right extra-renal artery due to fibromuscular dysplasia and segmental impairment of renal perfusion. Although the plasma aldosterone concentration and plasma renin activity were within the normal ranges, percutaneous balloon dilatation of the stenotic lesion resolved his hypertension, leading to a diagnosis of renovascular hypertension caused by segmental renal ischemia due to extra-renal artery stenosis. Read More

Clin Exp Nephrol 2018 Dec 20;22(6):1294-1299. Epub 2018 Apr 20.

Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.

Background: Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), which usually affects the renal artery, also affects the carotid, vertebral, and intracranial arteries. Previous studies have shown a high prevalence of concomitant renal artery and cervicocranial lesions in FMD patients. However, the analyzed subjects were mostly Caucasians in Western countries. Read More

Indian J Med Res 2017 Nov;146(Supplement):S22-S29

Department of Neuroradiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College & Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India.

Background & Objectives: Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is an important cause of severe hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is important to detect RAS early as it can reverse hypertension and stop rapid deterioration of renal function. The potential drawbacks of various imaging modalities used to detect RAS including contrast-related adverse effects associated with diagnostic angiography have led to increasing interest in unenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) renal angiography. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2018 03 9;19(1):56. Epub 2018 Mar 9.

Department of Intervention, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, No.155, Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China.

Background: Renal transplant is the preferred treatment option for these patients with end-stage renal disease. Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is one of the most common and serious vascular complications after renal transplantation, and most of the TRAS occurred in the anastomosis. The complication must be diagnosed and treated timely, otherwise the function of transplanted kidney may be losed. Read More

J Korean Med Sci 2018 Mar 5;33(10):e76. Epub 2018 Mar 5.

Department of Medical Imaging, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.

Concurrent involvement of bilateral renal and cerebral arteries, usually incurred as stenosis, is rare in childhood-onset Takayasu arteritis (c-TA). We report the case of a 14-year-old girl, with c-TA, presenting with transient ischemic attack after endovascular revascularization for renal artery stenosis and cerebrovascular stroke after surgical revascularization for cerebral artery stenosis associated with childhood-onset moyamoya syndrome. We deem that decrease of blood pressure by endovascular revascularization and improvement of cerebral perfusion by surgical revascularization may have jeopardized the cerebral deep watershed zone to cerebral ischemia followed by cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome and caused transient ischemic attack and cerebrovascular stroke in our patient. Read More

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018 03 16;20(3):582-588. Epub 2018 Feb 16.

Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Detection of renal artery stenosis (RAS) using Doppler is difficult to evaluate, particularly under conditions such as bilateral RAS or difficultly accessible renal arteries (RA). The objective of the present study was to assess the utility of splenic arterial compared to renal flow as an additional parameter in the Doppler evaluation of RAS. The difference between the resistive indices (RI) determined in renal and splenic parenchymal arteries (ΔRI ) was evaluated in 181 hypertensive subjects without any evidence of RAS. Read More

Am J Kidney Dis 2018 05 9;71(5):748-753. Epub 2018 Feb 9.

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN. Electronic address:

Current trends in managing atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis favor medical therapy, on account of negative results from prospective trials of revascularization, such as CORAL and ASTRAL. One result of this trend has been encountering occasional patients with progressive disease, sometimes leading to total arterial occlusion. We illustrate a case of accelerated hypertension with complete renal artery occlusion in which the patient recovered function after surgical bypass and we review the clinical approach used and the advanced imaging modalities available to us. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2018 Sep 24;53(9):1825-1831. Epub 2017 Dec 24.

Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: Renal artery occlusive disease is poorly characterized in children; treatments include medications, endovascular techniques, and surgery. We aimed to describe the course of renovascular hypertension (RVH), its treatments and outcomes.

Methods: We performed literature review and retrospective review (1993-2014) of children with renovascular hypertension at our institution. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Dec;96(50):e8896

State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Rationale: Iliac arterial fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) was rarely reported and its demographic, clinical, and imaging features have not been precisely described resulting in uncertain therapeutic methods.

Patient Concerns: A 31-year-old man was referred because of 3-month-ago onset hypertension, low serum potassium, and a small-sized right kidney with normal renal artery under ultrasound examination. This patient was suspected of primary aldosteronism, whereas spirolactone was poorly effective. Read More

Kidney Int 2018 02;93(2):526

Pediatric Nephrology Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Gastroenterology 2018 Feb 18;154(3):e10-e11. Epub 2018 Jan 18.

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida.

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018 02 6;20(2):373-381. Epub 2018 Jan 6.

Department of Nephrology, Heraklion University Hospital, Crete, Greece.

The authors evaluated the effectiveness of percutaneous renal revascularization (PRR) with stenting for the treatment of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) in patients with coronary artery disease and the usefulness of captopril renal scintigraphy for predicting clinical outcomes after PRR. Sixty-four consecutive patients, referred for evaluation of suspected ARAS, after coronary angiography, underwent baseline captopril renal scintigraphy followed by renal angiography. Forty-four patients (68. Read More

J Am Coll Radiol 2017 Nov;14(11S):S540-S549

Panel Chair (Urologic), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.

Renovascular hypertension is the most common type of secondary hypertension and is estimated to have a prevalence between 0.5% and 5% of the general hypertensive population, and an even higher prevalence among patients with severe hypertension and end-stage renal disease, approaching 25% in elderly dialysis patients. Investigation for renal artery stenosis is appropriate when clinical presentation suggests secondary hypertension rather than primary hypertension, when there is not another known cause of secondary hypertension, and when intervention would be carried out if a significant renal artery stenosis were identified. Read More