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Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.

Müllerian adenosarcoma is a very rare gynecological disease, comprising 5% of uterine sarcomas. Extragenital localizations are even rarer. We report a very interesting case of a 27-year-old woman complaining of pelvic pain, with a subsequent diagnosis of extragenital Müllerian adenosarcoma. Read More

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2018 Oct 12;46(5):330-336. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Magnetic resonance imaging revealed spinal cord compression due to intervertebral disc herniation of Hansen type I and II in the thoracolumbar vertebral column in two middle-aged coatis () with chronic progressive paraparesis. Surgical treatment included hemilaminectomy and partial corpectomy in one and dorsal laminectomy in the other coati. Both coatis recovered well after surgery. Read More

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2018 Oct 12;46(5):323-329. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

A 2-year-old male neutered mixed breed dog with a body weight of 30 kg was presented for evaluation of a soft subcutaneous mass on the dorsal midline at the level of the caudal thoracic spine. A further clinical sign was intermittent pain on palpation of the area of the subcutaneous mass. The owner also described a prolonged phase of urination with repeated interruption and re-initiation of voiding. Read More

Endoscopy 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Division of Gastroenterology, HSK Hospital, Wiesbaden, Germany.

Background:  Characterization of colonic lesions in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains challenging. We developed an endoscopic classification of visual characteristics to identify colitis-associated neoplasia using multimodal advanced endoscopic imaging (Frankfurt Advanced Chromoendoscopic IBD LEsions [FACILE] classification).

Methods:  The study was conducted in three phases: 1) development - an expert panel defined endoscopic signs and predictors of dysplasia in IBD and, using multivariable logistic regression created the FACILE classification; 2) validation - using 60 IBD lesions from an image library, two assessments of diagnostic accuracy for neoplasia were performed and interobserver agreement between experts using FACILE was determined; 3) reproducibility - the reproducibility of the FACILE classification was tested in gastroenterologists, trainees, and junior doctors after completion of a training module. Read More

Neurosurgery 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Neurological Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Background: Few studies have assessed the prognostic importance of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan findings in patients undergoing en bloc resection of sacral chordomas.

Objective: To (1) report in-depth imaging characteristics of sacral chordomas, (2) describe the patterns of local and distant recurrence, and (3) determine imaging predictors of overall survival (OS) and local recurrence (LR).

Methods: This retrospective case series was obtained from a prospectively maintained spine database from 1995 to 2016. Read More

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Korea.

Aims: There is a paucity of data regarding the changes of cardiac geometry in highly trained international and multiracial university athletes. We aimed to investigate the incidence of structural cardiac abnormalities and changes of cardiac geometry in highly trained university athletes.

Methods And Results: Comprehensive echocardiographic studies were performed in 1185 university athletes through the Check-up Your Heart Program during the 2015 Gwangju Summer Universiade. Read More

Cereb Cortex 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 773 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, USA.

The perceived effort level of an action shapes everyday decisions. Despite the importance of these perceptions for decision-making, the behavioral and neural representations of the subjective cost of effort are not well understood. While a number of studies have implicated anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in decisions about effort/reward trade-offs, none have experimentally isolated effort valuation from reward and choice difficulty, a function that is commonly ascribed to this region. Read More

Cereb Cortex 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.

The human cerebral cortex is highly folded into diverse gyri and sulci. Accumulating evidences suggest that gyri and sulci exhibit anatomical, morphological, and connectional differences. Inspired by these evidences, we performed a series of experiments to explore the frequency-specific differences between gyral and sulcal neural activities from resting-state and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. Read More

Am J Clin Nutr 2018 Dec;108(6):1196-1208

Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Background: There is great overlap between the presentation of cachexia, sarcopenia, and malnutrition. Distinguishing between these conditions would allow for better targeted treatment for patients.

Objectives: The aim was to systematically review validated screening tools for cachexia, sarcopenia, and malnutrition in adults and, if a combined tool is absent, make suggestions for the generation of a novel screening tool. Read More

Am J Clin Nutr 2018 Dec;108(6):1264-1274

Wageningen University, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Background: Whole-grain wheat (WGW) is described as nutritionally superior to refined wheat (RW) and thus advocated as the healthy choice, although evidence from intervention studies is often inconsistent. The liver, as the central organ in energy metabolism, might be an important target organ for WGW interventions.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential benefits of WGW consumption compared with RW consumption on liver health and associated parameters. Read More

ILAR J 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Radiology, Miller Research Building Molecular Imaging Service Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.

Preclinical noninvasive imaging can be an indispensable tool for studying animal models of disease. In vivo imaging to assess anatomical, functional, and molecular features requires verification by a comparison to the macroscopic and microscopic morphological features, since all noninvasive in vivo imaging methods have much lower resolution than standard histopathology. Comprehensive pathological evaluation of the animal model is underutilized; yet, many institutions have veterinary or human pathologists with necessary comparative pathology expertise. Read More

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Cardiology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Aims: Left atrial (LA) enlargement predicts cardiovascular risk. The prognostic value of left atrial peak reservoir strain (LA RS) by two-dimensional speckle tracking in the general population is currently unknown. This study sought to determine the prognostic value of LA RS in the general population. Read More

Microscopy (Oxf) 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Comprehensive Analysis Center for Science, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan.

High-pressure frozen soybean root nodules were fractured and backscattered electron images were obtained from uncoated samples in a low vacuum scanning electron microscope equipped with a cryo-transfer system. Structures of infected cells were well preserved: numerous symbiosomes, as well as nuclei, plastids and mitochondria were observed without ice crystal damage. After appropriate sublimation of water, bacteria included in symbiosomes were visualized. Read More

Eur Neurol 2018 Dec 12;80(3-4):179-186. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Neurology, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich,

Background: The approach to unconscious patients in the emergency department (ED) is difficult, often depends on local resources and interests, and workup strategies often lack standardization. One reason for this is that data on causes, management, and outcome of patients who present to the ED with sudden onset unconsciousness of unknown cause is limited.

Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the causes of acute impaired consciousness in patients in an interdisciplinary ED. Read More

Cell Physiol Biochem 2018 Dec 12;51(3):1193-1206. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen,

Background/aims: Periosteal tissue is a valuable source of multipotent stem cells for bone tissue engineering. To characterize these cells in detail, we generated an immortalized human cranial periosteal cell line and observed an increased MSCA-1 and CD146 expression, as well as an earlier and stronger mineralization compared to the parental cells. Further, we detected a higher osteogenic potential of MSCA-1high compared to MSCA-1low cranial periosteal cell (CPC) fractions. Read More

Dig Surg 2018 Dec 12:1-8. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of General and Pancreatic Surgery, The Pancreas Institute, University of Verona Hospital Trust, Verona,

Background: The prevalence of symptoms in pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCNs) is mainly based on retrospective surgical series. The aim of this study is to describe the actual prevalence of symptoms in PCNs under surveillance.

Methods: Patients with PCNs under surveillance observed from 2015 to 2017 were submitted to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a specific interview. Read More

Phys Med Biol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, 32816, UNITED STATES.

X-ray diffraction tomography (XDT) resolves spatially-variant XRD profiles within macroscopic objects, and provides improved material contrast compared to the conventional transmission-based computed tomography (CT). However, due to the small diffraction cross-section, XDT suffers from long imaging acquisition time, which could take tens of hours for a full scan using a table-top X-ray tube. In medical and industrial imaging applications, oftentimes only the XRD measurement within a region-of-interest (ROI) is required, which, together with the demand to reduce imaging time and radiation dose to the sample, motivates the development of interior XDT systems that scan and reconstruct only an internal region within the sample. Read More

Phys Med Biol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Medical Physics, Madison, Wisconsin, UNITED STATES.

Longitudinal assessment of quantitative imaging biomarkers (QIBs) requires a comprehensive quality control (QC) program to minimize bias and variance in measurement results. In addition, the availability of data analysis software from multiple vendors emphasizes the need for a means of quantitatively comparing the computed QIB measures produced by the applications. The purpose of this work is to describe a digital reference object (DRO) that has been developed for the evaluation of arterial spin-labeling (ASL) measurement results. Read More

Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2018 Dec 12:20180290. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

1 Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas , Piracicaba , Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of metal artefact reduction (MAR) in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) artefacts arising from metallic objects in the exomass. A radiographic phantom composed of 16 polypropylene tubes filled with a homogeneous radiopaque solution was created. CBCT scans were obtained with two units: Picasso Trio (Vatech, South Korea) and ProMax (Planmeca, Finland). Read More

Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2018 Dec 12:20180331. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

1 Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology,, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Sao Paulo , Brazil.

Objective:: To investigate the influence of high-density dental material on the automatic exposure compensation (AEC) of digital radiographic imaging systems.

Methods:: Two radiographic phantoms were custom made to reproduce radiographic densities of the dental tissues: enamel, dentin and pulp chamber. The phantoms were X-rayed using the Digora Toto, Digora Optime and VistaScan systems for 0. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2018 Dec;97(12):E28-E30

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Extra-abdominal fibromatosis (EAF) is a rare, locally aggressive tumor that originates in fascial structures. It accounts for less than 0.3% of all tumors diagnosed. Read More

Orthopedics 2018 Dec 11:1-3. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Femoral nerve palsy with concomitant patellar dislocation is a rare clinical entity that has not previously been well documented. The authors present the case of a 16-year-old female ballet dancer who sustained a patellar dislocation with concomitant femoral nerve palsy. She experienced muscle weakness after the initial injury and developed neuropathic symptoms through the anterior left thigh. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0208908. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a molecular imaging technique that maps the distribution of molecules in biological tissues with high spatial resolution. The most widely used MSI modality is matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), mainly due to the large variety of analyte classes amenable for MALDI analysis. However, the organic matrices used in classical MALDI may impact the quality of the molecular images due to limited lateral resolution and strong background noise in the low mass range, hindering its use in metabolomics. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0207881. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

LAI, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Marseille, France.

Macroscopic properties of physical and biological processes like friction, wetting, and adhesion or cell migration are controlled by interfacial properties at the nanoscopic scale. In an attempt to bridge simultaneously investigations at different scales, we demonstrate here how optical microscopy in Wet-Surface Ellipsometric Enhanced Contrast (Wet-SEEC) mode offers imaging and measurement of thin films at solid/liquid interfaces in the range 1-500 nm with lateral optical resolution. A live, label-free and noninvasive methodology integrated with microfluidic devices allowed here characterization of polymers and proteins patterns together with corresponding phenotypes of living cells. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0207885. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Departments of Pharmacology and Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America.

Two thirds of all persons with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) are women. Identification of sex-based molecular mechanisms underpinning the female-based prevalence of AD would advance development of therapeutic targets during the prodromal AD phase when prevention or delay in progression is most likely to be effective. This 3-year brain imaging study examines the impact of the menopausal transition on Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker changes [brain β-amyloid load via 11C-PiB PET, and neurodegeneration via 18F-FDG PET and structural MRI] and cognitive performance in midlife. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0207194. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Radiology, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America.

Background: The extent to which the presence and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis by coronary computed tomography angiography influences a potential mortality benefit of statin is unknown. We evaluated the relationship between statin therapy, mortality, and subclinical atherosclerosis.

Methods: In the CONFIRM study, patients with normal or non-obstructive plaque (<50% diameter stenosis) for whom data on baseline statin use was available were included. Read More

PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0203514. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Division of Cardiology, Institute for Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America.

Background/objectives: Previous studies have demonstrated that in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), plaque destabilization and vessel inflammation, represented by vessel edema, often occur simultaneously in multiple coronaries, as well as extend to the cerebrovascular system. Our aim was to determine whether the inflammatory vascular processes occurring within the coronaries during ACS extend simultaneously to the descending aorta.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 111 patients (56 ACS patients and 55 non-ACS patients with known coronary artery disease) to undergo cardiac magnetic resonance of the thoracic aortic wall at presentation and at three-month follow-up. Read More

Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Headquarters Joint Force Command (HQ JFC) of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Lago Patria, Giugliano in Campania (NA), Italy.

Study Design: Cross-sectional, retrospective, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging study, performed during cadets' selection procedures of the Italian Air Force Academy.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of spinal MR imaging findings in asymptomatic young adults (18-22 yrs) candidate to Air Force Flight.

Summary Of Background Data: Spinal MR imaging findings are frequently detected in asymptomatic subjects. Read More

Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.

Study Design: Reliability Study.

Objective: To evaluate the applicability and reliability of 9.4T MRI in the assessment of degenerative disc disease compared to 3T MRI. Read More

Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Children's Orthopaedic Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles.

Study Design: Diagnostic accuracy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if neural axis abnormalities in early onset scoliosis (EOS) patients can be reliably detected with limited magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences (sagittal T1, sagittal T2).

Summary Of Background Data: MRI's are often performed in EOS patients as studies have shown there are neural axis abnormalities in up to 40% of this population. Read More

Nurs Res 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Edward J. and Louise Mellen Professor of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH Marvin E. and Ruth Durr Denekas Professor of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH Associate Professor, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH PhD Student, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH Professor, Kent State University, Kent, OH Assistant Professor, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH Assistant Professor, Chief Diversity Officer, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH Associate Professor, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH Associate Professor, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.

Background: Although many of the proposed mediating processes of self-management interventions are operationally defined as cognitive processes (e.g., acquiring and using information, self-efficacy, motivation, decision-making), little is known about their underlying brain mechanisms. Read More

Pancreas 2019 Jan;48(1):49-54

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Objective: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) has the potential to transform into chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic stone involvement. This retrospective investigation sought to clarify the risk factors for stone formation in type 1 AIP.

Methods: Questionnaires on patients with type 1 AIP were sent to 22 high-volume medical centers across Japan to compare the clinical features of patients with and without pancreatic stone formation. Read More

Pain 2018 Oct 17. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States.

Although self-report pain ratings are the gold standard in clinical pain assessment, they are inherently subjective in nature and significantly influenced by multidimensional contextual variables. Although objective biomarkers for pain could substantially aid pain diagnosis and development of novel therapies, reliable markers for clinical pain have been elusive. In this study, individualized physical maneuvers were used to exacerbate clinical pain in patients with chronic low back pain (N = 53), thereby experimentally producing lower and higher pain states. Read More

JBJS Case Connect 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Miraidaira Orthopaedic Clinic, Tsukubamirai, Japan.

Case: A 19-year-old college baseball outfielder presented with a 3-month history of right shoulder pain. Radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging showed a large osteochondral defect at the posterosuperior aspect of the glenoid. Arthroscopic evaluation identified an unstable fragment that was partially attached. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Jan;44(1):e22-e23

Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU Cavale Blanche.

F-fluoroethyltyrosine (FET) is a well-established PET tracer for the imaging of cerebral gliomas. Recent studies reported interest in meningiomas. A study published by Cornelius et al concludes that FET PET may provide additional information for noninvasive grading of meningiomas. Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2019 Feb;26(2):227-239

Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an established treatment of metastatic neuroendocrine tumors grade 1-2 (G1-G2). However, its possible benefit in high-grade gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN G3) is largely unknown. We therefore aimed to assess the benefits and side effects of PRRT in patients with GEP NEN G3. Read More

Mol Biol Cell 2018 Dec 12:mbcE18060402. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, USA.

During the asymmetric division of the C. elegans zygote, germ (P) granules are disassembled in the anterior cytoplasm and stabilized/assembled in the posterior cytoplasm, leading to their inheritance by the germline daughter cell. P granule segregation depends on MEG-3 and MEG-4, which are enriched in P granules and in the posterior cytoplasm surrounding P granules. Read More

ACS Nano 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Catalytic deoxyribozyme has great potential for gene regulation, but poor efficiency of the cleavage of mRNA and lack of versatile DNAzyme vehicles remain big challenges for potent gene therapy. By rational designing a diverse vehicle of polydopamine-Mn2+ nanoparticles (MnPDA), we demonstrate that MnPDA has integrated functions as an effective DNAzyme delivery vector, self-generation source of DNAzyme cofactor for catalytic mRNA cleavage, inherent therapeutic photothermal agent, as well as contrast agents for photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging. Specifically, the DNAzyme-MnPDA nanosystem protects catalytic deoxyribozyme from degradation and enhances cellular uptake efficiency. Read More

J Refract Surg 2018 Dec;34(12):840-847

Purpose: To analyze the potential benefit of the newly developed Tomography and Biomechanical Index (TBI) for early keratoconus screening.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the discriminatory power of the corneal tomography Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display (BAD-D) index and the newly developed Corvis Biomechanical Index (CBI) and TBI to differentiate between normal eyes, manifest keratoconus eyes (KCE), very asymmetric keratoconus eyes with ectasia (VAE-E), and their fellow eyes with either regular topography (VAE-NT) or regular topography and tomography (VAE-NTT) were analyzed by applying the t test (for normal distribution), Wilcoxon matched-pairs test (if not normally distributed), and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The DeLong test was used to compare the area under the ROC (AUROC). Read More

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018 Dec 12:271678X18818652. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

1 Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is used to monitor cerebral tissue oxygenation (rSO) depending on cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume and blood oxygen content. We explored whether NIRS might be a more easy applicable proxy to [O]HO positron emission tomography (PET) for detecting CBF changes during hemodialysis. Furthermore, we compared potential determinants of rSO and CBF. Read More

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018 Dec 12:271678X18818291. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

1 Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.

The aging brain is associated with atrophy along with functional and metabolic changes. In this study, we examined age-related changes in resting brain functions and the vulnerability of brain physiology to hypoxic exposure in humans in vivo. Brain functions were examined in 81 healthy humans (aged 18-62 years) by acquisitions of gray and white matter volumes, cerebral blood flow, cerebral oxygen consumption, and concentrations of lactate, N-acetylaspartate, and glutamate+glutamine using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018 Dec 12:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

1 Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637.

Objective: The objective of our study was to investigate the comparative effectiveness of different MRI sequences for the estimation of index lesion volume in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) compared with ground truth volume measured on whole-mount pathology.

Materials And Methods: Patients with PCa underwent multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) on a 3-T MRI scanner before radical prostatectomy. Forty PCa index lesions were identified and outlined on histology by a pathologist. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018 Dec 12:W1-W7. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

1 Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate four previously validated MRI activity scoring systems for diagnosis and grading of Crohn disease (CD) in the terminal ileum against an endoscopic and histopathologic reference standard.

Subjects And Methods: Ethics approval and written informed consent were obtained. Subjects with known or suspected CD were prospectively recruited between December 2011 and August 2014. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018 Dec 12:1-3. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

2 Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, University of California Davis, Davis, CA.

Objective: The doctor-patient relationship has been evolving from benevolent paternalism to a more patient-centered relationship in the modern era. Although artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve nearly every aspect of health care, many physicians are skeptical about integrating AI into their current medical practice. The purpose of this article is to explore what AI means for the doctor-patient relationship and for breast imaging radiologists. Read More

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Minimized light-emitting devices require both high-density fluorescent arrays and minimal cross-talk between neighboring pixels on the limited area. However, the challenges to achieve the overall integration of nanomaterials-based devices hinder the development of microscale full-color displays, including micro/nanoarray density, orientation control, multimaterials interface morphology and uniform colors. Here, we report a heterogeneous integration approach to control the orientation, combination and density of fluorescent micro/nanoarrays on flexible substrates. Read More

Anal Chem 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

This paper proposes a nondestructive method of evaluating polymer composites using near-infrared (NIR) diffuse reflection spectroscopy with multiple ground plates. Wavelength-dependent absorption and reduced scattering coefficients were acquired to evaluate the chemical structure and the concentration of the substances from absorption and to determine the size and the dispersity of filler in the polymer domain from scattering. NIR spectra of the sample were measured on multiple ground plates, namely, "ground-plate-dependent" diffuse reflection spectra. Read More

ACS Sens 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Photoclickable fluorogenic probes will enable visualization of specific biomolecules with precise spatiotemporal control in their native environment. However, the fluorogenic tagging of DNA with current photocontrolled clickable probes is still challenging. Herein, we demonstrated the fast (19. Read More

J Psychiatry Neurosci 2018 12 12;44(1):1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

From the Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (Lange, Goossens, Bakker, Michielse, Leibold, Marcelis, van Os, van Amelsvoort, Schruers); Department of Neuroscience, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Center for Clinical Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium (van Winkel); Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Lissek); Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE), Eindhoven, The Netherlands (Marcelis); Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands (Wichers); Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, King’s Health Partners, London, UK (van Os); Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands (van Os); Faculty of Psychology, Center for Experimental and Learning Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Schruers).

Background: Childhood maltreatment is a transdiagnostic risk factor for later psychopathology and has been associated with altered brain circuitry involved in the processing of threat and safety. Examining threat generalization mechanisms in young adults with childhood maltreatment and psychiatric symptoms may elucidate a pathway linking early-life adversities to the presence of subclinical psychopathology.

Methods: We recruited youth aged 16–25 years with subclinical psychiatric symptomatology and healthy controls. Read More

Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018 Dec 10;73(suppl 1):e756s. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Unidade de Suprarrenal, Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular LIM/42, Servico de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.

Malignancy must be considered in the management of adrenal lesions, including those incidentally identified on imaging studies. Adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) are rare tumors with an estimated annual incidence of 0.7-2 cases per year and a worldwide prevalence of 4-12 cases per million/year. Read More

Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2018 Dec 10;73(suppl 1):e464s. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Grupo de Uro-Oncologia, Departamento de Urologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.