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Front Physiol 2020 19;11:584. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Institution of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

A large number of systemically administered drugs have the potential to cause drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD). We aim to characterize a model of DIILD in the rat and develop imaging biomarkers (IBs) for detection and quantification of DIILD. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats received one single dose of intratracheal (i. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2020 Aug;45(8):e381-e382

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine.

Within a few months, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic with more than 2 million patients infected and a high mortality rate. Early detection of COVID-19 in oncologic patients is crucial in order to rapidly apply isolation measures and avoid nosocomial spread. However, early diagnosis may be challenging, especially in cancer patients under treatment with immunotherapy as drug-induced pneumonitis can present similar clinical and radiological features. Read More

J Clin Pharm Ther 2020 Aug 25;45(4):609-616. Epub 2020 May 25.

Pharmaceutical Department, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China.

What Is Known And Objective: Since the December 2019 discovery of several cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, the infection has spread worldwide. Our aim is to report on the clinical characteristics, treatments and prognoses of COVID-19.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-centre, case series of 136 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at Wuhan Third Hospital in Wuhan, China, between 28 January 2020 and 12 February 2020. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2020 Apr 22;10(4). Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Radiology Unit 1, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia"-University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) represent a heterogeneous group of pathologies, which may be related to different causes. A low percentage of these lung diseases may be secondary to the administration of drugs or substances. Through the PubMed database, an extensive search was performed in the fields of drug toxicity and interstitial lung disease. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2020 4;30:101052. Epub 2020 Apr 4.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Obstructive bronchiolitis (OB) is an intractable disease causing stenosis in the surrounding bronchiolar region and bronchiolar lumen obstruction. Causes of OB are lung and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, collagen diseases, infections, and foods, but there are very few reports of drug-induced OB [1]. Imatinib is a drug used for the treatment of leukemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, etc. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Apr 7;9(4). Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.

Background And Objective: Pre-existing interstitial lung disease (ILD) in lung cancer patients is considered a risk factor for anti-cancer drug-induced pneumonia; however, a method for evaluating ILD, including mild cases, has not yet been established. We aimed to elucidate whether the quantitative high-resolution computed tomography fibrosis score (HFS) is correlated with the risk of anti-cancer drug-induced pneumonia in lung cancer patients, even in those with mild pre-existing ILD.

Methods: The retrospective single-institute study cohort comprised 214 lung cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy between April 2013 and March 2016. Read More

J Pharm Health Care Sci 2020 2;6. Epub 2020 Apr 2.

1Laboratory of Practical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, 3-11-1, Nishikiori-kita, Tondabayashi, Osaka, 584-8540 Japan.

Background: Interferon and ribavirin have been used as therapeutic agents for chronic hepatitis C infection or C-compensated cirrhosis in the conventional treatment. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) -specific direct-acting antiviral agents that directly inhibit the growth process of HCV have been approved since 2011. However, in the early post-marketing vigilance phase of ledipasvir acetonate/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF), there were reports of interstitial lung disease in 4 out of 32,700 cases with death in 1 case; the onset mechanism is unknown. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2020 May 2;131:18-26. Epub 2020 Apr 2.

Dept. of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.

Background: Anti-[programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)] antibodies nivolumab and pembrolizumab were approved for adjuvant treatment of melanoma as they demonstrated improved relapse-free survival. Currently, combined anti-PD-1 plus anti-[cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4)] blockade is being investigated in adjuvant and neoadjuvant trials. Sarcoidosis-like reactions have been described for immune checkpoint inhibitors and are most likely drug-induced. Read More

ERJ Open Res 2020 Jan 16;6(1). Epub 2020 Mar 16.

Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.

Introduction: Currently there are no general guidelines for diagnosis or management of suspected drug-induced (DI) interstitial lung disease (ILD). The objective was to survey a sample of current European practice in the diagnosis and management of DI-ILD, in the context of the prescribing information approved by regulatory authorities for 28 licenced drugs with a recognised risk of DI-ILD.

Methods: Consultant physicians working in specialist ILD centres across Europe were emailed two surveys a website link. Read More

Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020 Apr;42(4):305-311

Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.

To investigate the principles of differential diagnosis of pulmonary infiltrates in cancer patients during the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by analyzing one case of lymphoma who presented pulmonary ground-glass opacities (GGO) after courses of chemotherapy. Baseline demographics and clinicopathological data of eligible patients were retrieved from medical records. Information of clinical manifestations, history of epidemiology, lab tests and chest CT scan images of visiting patients from February 13 to February 28 were collected. Read More

Thorax 2020 Apr 10;75(4):359. Epub 2020 Feb 10.

Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

J Neurol Sci 2020 Mar 27;410:116650. Epub 2019 Dec 27.

Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan.

Riluzole (RZ)-induced interstitial lung disease (RZ-ILD) is a rare and potentially life-threatening adverse event in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, which is rarely reported. Therefore, the optimal treatment for RZ-ILD is unclear. We describe herein three Japanese cases of ALS complicated with RZ-ILD, of which two were successfully treated with high-dose steroid therapy. Read More

In Vivo 2020 Jan-Feb;34(1):315-319

Veterans Affairs North Texas Healthcare System, Dallas, TX and Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, U.S.A.

Osimertinib is an oral, irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor that is associated with various pulmonary manifestations including transient asymptomatic pulmonary opacities (TAPOs) and pneumonitis. We present a case of a 61-year-old female with Stage IV lung adenocarcinoma, who developed bilateral ground glass opacities on her chest-computed tomography (CT) three months after initiating osimertinib. Her imaging findings were thought to represent lymphangitic carcinomatosis responding to chemotherapy rather than drug induced toxicity, and she was continued on osimertinib. Read More

Intern Med 2019 15;58(24):3509-3519. Epub 2019 Dec 15.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Japan.

Objective The clinical characteristics and chest imaging findings of viral pneumonia and several interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) overlap, and viral pneumonia may be underrecognized and misdiagnosed as certain ILDs. To clarify the frequency of viral pneumonia among patients with acute progressive clinical courses that required a differential diagnosis between ILDs and pneumonia, and to determine the most frequent ILDs misdiagnosed in cases of viral pneumonia. Patients and Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients hospitalized from 2010 to 2017 with an acute clinical course (≤30 days) who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for the differential diagnosis of infection and ILDs. Read More

Hautarzt 2020 Apr;71(4):309-312

Universitätsmedizin Leipzig, Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universität Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 23, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.

We report on a patient with severe psoriasis vulgaris who developed drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD) during treatment with ustekinumab. The diagnosis was based on coincidence with start of therapy, high-resolution computer tomography of the thorax and bronchoalveolar lavage. After discontinuation of the treatment with ustekinumab the clinical symptoms and the chest scan results improved. Read More

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2019 Nov;42(11):852-857

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730, China.

To analyze the clinical,imaging and pathological features of Pleuroparenehymal fibroelastosis (PPFE). The clinieal data of a patient diagnosed as PPFE admitted in department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Beijing Hospital in April 2017 were reported and the related literatures were reviewed.With "pleuroparenehymal fibroelastosis" as the search terms, and the search time before October 1st 2017 for Wanfangdata, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), and PubMed. Read More

J Am Coll Radiol 2019 Nov;16(11S):S331-S339

Specialty Chair, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.

The immunocompromised patient with an acute respiratory illness (ARI) may present with fever, chills, weight loss, cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain. The number of immunocompromised patients continues to rise with medical advances including solid organ and stem cell transplantation, chemotherapy, and immunomodulatory therapy, along with the continued presence of human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Given the myriad of pathogens that can infect immunocompromised individuals, identifying the specific organism or organisms causing the lung disease can be elusive. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 Jan 15;37:101450. Epub 2019 Oct 15.

Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia. Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Agostino Gemelli n 8, 00168 Rome, Italia.

Background: Respiratory alemtuzumab-related adverse events are clinically heterogeneous and include respiratory infections, infusion-related dyspnea, hypoxia and secondary autoimmune disorders.

Case Report: Here we report three cases of drug-induced lung disease following treatment with alemtuzumab in multiple sclerosis patients. First case was diagnosed as a non-specified intestitial pneumonitis associated with organizing pneumonia with subacute onset, second case was an acute respiratory distress syndrome with onset during second cycle, third case was a diffuse acute alveolar hemorrhage during first cycle infusion. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2019 Aug 27;19(1):161. Epub 2019 Aug 27.

Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.

Background: CTD-related pleural effusions are rare and challenging to diagnose. Our lung inflammation service (with expertise in rheumatology, interstitial lung disease and respiratory failure) works closely with the pleural team. This study aims to review the multidisciplinary approach to CTD-related pleural effusions at a tertiary centre. Read More

Tohoku J Exp Med 2019 07;248(3):209-216

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by systemic joint inflammation and may manifest as interstitial pneumonia (IP). Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the main therapeutic drugs used for RA, but MTX could cause severe side effects, including Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) and IP. Owing to similar symptoms, it is sometimes difficult to discriminate MTX therapy-associated PCP (MTX-PCP) and MTX therapy-associated IP (MTX-IP). Read More

Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2019 Jun 28;40(3):239-254. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.. Electronic address:

Connective tissue diseases (CTDs) are a common cause of chronic lung disease, and lung involvement, which can be the initial site of disease, is a major contributor to CTD-related morbidity and mortality. A variety of patterns of acute and chronic lung diseases are associated with CTD including diffuse alveolar damage, organizing pneumonia, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, usual interstitial pneumonia, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, and lymphoid interstitial pneumonia. Patients with CTD are also at increased risk for respiratory tract infection and treatment-related complications such as drug-induced lung injury. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2019 Dec 6;25(12):1043-1046. Epub 2019 Jun 6.

Kawasaki Municipal Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.

Laninamivir, a neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI), has been used for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza A/B. To date, pneumonia has not been reported as an adverse effect of NAIs. Here, we report the first 2 cases of drug-induced pneumonitis after the administration of laninamivir octanoate (LO), a pro-drug of laninamivir. Read More

Anatol J Cardiol 2019 Jun;21(6):322-330

Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University; Antalya-Turkey.

Objective: Risk stratification continues to evolve in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Our aim was to further confirm the risk assessment strategy in our cohort and to determine the most reliable model.

Methods: We enrolled incident patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH), heritable, drug-induced, congenital heart disease (CHD), connective tissue diseases (CTD) subsets, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) from January 2008 to February 2018. Read More

J Nippon Med Sch 2019 Dec 17;86(5):296-300. Epub 2019 May 17.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School.

We report a case of pneumonitis with alveolar hemorrhage induced by herbal medicines in a 73-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea and an abnormal shadow on a chest radiograph. She had received treatment with numerous drugs, including the herbal medicines Seisin-renshi-in, Chotosan, Rikkunshi-to, and Shakuyakukannzo-to. Chest radiography revealed diffuse ground-glass shadows in both lungs, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was progressively hemorrhagic. Read More

Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019 11;58(11):2031-2038

Center for Rheumatology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Objectives: Lung involvement in RA has several manifestations and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to characterize the different types of lung disease and response to treatment in a UK cohort of RA patients.

Methods: RA patients who had undergone high resolution CT scans of the lung were identified and scans reviewed. Read More

J Dermatol 2019 10 3;46(10):e356-e357. Epub 2019 May 3.

Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.

Therapie 2019 Oct 2;74(5):553-556. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Service d'onco-hématologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 13009 Marseille, France.

Future Oncol 2019 Jun 25;15(16):1911-1920. Epub 2019 Apr 25.

The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

To assess the clinical features/imaging characteristics of pneumonitis reported during nationwide nivolumab postmarketing surveillance in Japan. Clinical and radiological data were collected from pneumonitis cases reported during/after nivolumab treatment for melanoma or non-small-cell lung cancer. The expert central review committee evaluated each case. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2019 Apr 12;20:503-507. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Dermato-Venerology, Universitas Padjadjaran - Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.

BACKGROUND Multifocal tuberculosis (TB) with more than 1 tuberculous osteoarticular lesion is rare. Furthermore, metastatic tuberculous abscess (MTA) is also a very rare manifestation of cutaneous TB in children. A non-specific, often subtle, early clinical presentation in conjunction with a low prevalence rate constitute obstacles for diagnosis. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 4;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Carteolol, a non-selective beta-antagonist with a potential risk of severe bronchial constriction in patients with asthma, is one of the most commonly prescribed medication for managing ocular pressure in glaucoma. We present a case of a 24-year-old woman with a history of atopy but no known asthma who presented an insidious onset of clinical manifestations compatible with drug-induced asthma after the initiation of carteolol for ocular hypertension control. The patient developed progressive chest tightness and dyspnoea for 2 months before the pulmonary function test revealed a positive bronchoprovocation response. Read More

Acta Med Port 2019 Mar 29;32(3):236-239. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Serviço de Medicina Interna. Hospital Prof Doutor Fernando da Fonseca. Amadora. Portugal.

The treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer shifted with the development of molecular-targeted therapies, like the tyrosine kinase inhibitors. One example of tyrosine kinase inhibitors is crizotinib, an anaplastic lymphoma tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which targets an echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like-4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene fusion. This mutation is found in only 2% to 7% of non-small-cell lung cancer cases. Read More

J Nippon Med Sch 2019 ;86(1):43-47

Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School.

Acute exacerbation of pre-existing interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with systemic anticancer therapy is recognized as a life-threatening adverse event of lung cancer treatment. Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitors, such as nivolumab, often induce pneumonitis in patients with cancer; however, the tolerance and safety of nivolumab for advanced lung cancer with ILD are unclear. We report a 72-year-old patient with lung cancer with pathologically proven idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who was treated with nivolumab. Read More

Thorax 2019 06 18;74(6):611-619. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Academic Unit of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.

Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of conditions, with a wide and complex variety of imaging features. Difficulty in monitoring, treating and exploring novel therapies for these conditions is in part due to the lack of robust, readily available biomarkers. Radiological studies are vital in the assessment and follow-up of ILD, but currently CT analysis in clinical practice is qualitative and therefore somewhat subjective. Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2019 16;2019:2309175. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, China.

Maresin1 (MaR1), a new anti-inflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator, has been proven to exert organ-protective effects in septic animal models. However, the potential mechanisms are still not fully elucidated. In this study, we sought to explore the impact of MaR1 on metabolic dysfunction in cecal ligation and puncture- (CLP-) induced septic mice. Read More

BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2018 Dec 29;19(1):88. Epub 2018 Dec 29.

Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus str. 9, 44307, Kaunas, LT, Lithuania.

Background: Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic drug which is used to treat and prevent several dysrhythmias. This includes ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, wide complex tachycardia, as well as atrial fibrillation (AF) and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Amiodarone may prove to be the agent of choice where the patient is hemodynamically unstable and unsuitable for direct current (DC) cardioversion. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2018 Dec;14(Supplement):S1227-S1229

Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China.

AZD9291 is one of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Interstitial lung disease (ILD) induced by AZD9291 is very seldom. We provide a case of NSCLC treated with AZD9291 who developed ILD and died in order to improve the knowledge on AZD9291. Read More

Curr Opin Crit Care 2019 02;25(1):29-36

Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Créteil.

Purpose Of Review: A prompt identification of the cause of acute respiratory failure (ARF)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is required in order to initiate a targeted treatment. Yet, almost 10% of ARDS patients have no identified ARDS risk factor at ARDS diagnosis. Numerous rare causes of ARF have been reported in this setting. Read More

Drug Ther Bull 2018 Dec;56(12):150-153

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Great Western Hospital, Swindon, UK.

In conjunction with will feature occasional drug-related cases that are likely to be of interest to readers. These will include cases that involve recently marketed drugs for which there is limited knowledge of adverse effects and cases that highlight unusual reactions to drugs that have been marketed for several years. Read More

Ann Hematol 2019 Apr 20;98(4):909-914. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.

Recent studies have not only shown better prognosis of lymphoma with the advancement of therapeutic drug development, but also suggested more attention should be paid to drug-induced lung injury. Early diagnosis is critical for treatment of drug-induced lung injury. F-FDG-PET/CT, the standard imaging method for prognosis evaluation of Hodgkin's lymphoma and some non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, has also shown the potential for early detection of drug-induced lung injury in our study. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Nov 5;19:1317-1323. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Department of Clinical Engineering, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan.

BACKGROUND Acquired platythorax, or flattening of the chest with a reduction in the anteroposterior (AP) diameter, is very rare and the prognosis depends on the degree of the deformity, respiratory function, and on any underlying disease. Drug-induced pulmonary fibrosis is associated with pulmonary hypoplasia. A case of acquired platythorax is presented in a young man previously treated with cyclophosphamide in childhood. Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 Oct 19;18(1):995. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryou-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan.

Background: Ceritinib demonstrated a statistically significant effect on the progression-free survival versus chemotherapy in patients with advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as the first therapy or after previous treatment with crizotinib and one or two prior chemotherapy regimens in global phase 3 studies. However, some serious adverse effects related to ceritinib therapy were reported across these clinical studies. Among them, a grade 3 and 4 increase in hepatobiliary enzymes was one of the common adverse events related to treatment with ceritinib. Read More

J Clin Med 2018 Oct 15;7(10). Epub 2018 Oct 15.

North West Lung Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M6 8HD, UK.

Background: Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD) occurs as a result of numerous agents, but the risk often only becomes apparent after the marketing authorisation of such agents.

Methods: In this PRISMA-compliant systematic review, we aimed to evaluate and synthesise the current literature on DIILD.

Results: Following a quality assessment, 156 full-text papers describing more than 6000 DIILD cases were included in the review. Read More

J Chemother 2018 Sep 9;30(5):318-322. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

a CHU Reims, Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales , Reims , France.

Idelalisib is a potent and selective inhibitor of the PI3Kδ approved since September 2014 for the treatment of several types of B cell malignancies. Pulmonary adverse events related to idelalisib are an emerging serious adverse event. We report here a single centre cohort of 16 patients who initiated idelalisib as routine treatment. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Sep;97(38):e12424

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University.

Rationale: Familial hydatidiform mole is extremely rare while familial gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) has never been reported. Inspired by 2 biological sisters with postmolar GTN and liver toxicity, we reviewed susceptible maternal-effect genes and explored the role of possible drug transporter genes in the development of GTN.

Patient Concerns: We reported one Chinese family where the two sisters developed postmolar GTN while experiencing fast remission and significant hepatic toxicity from actinomycin D chemotherapy. Read More

Cancer Treat Res Commun 2018 21;15:17-20. Epub 2018 Feb 21.

Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Oncologists are increasingly managing drug-induced pneumonitis in lung cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors. To date only few studies on the topic have described both radiologic and pathologic findings in these patients. Here, we report a fatal case of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonitis initially presenting with an organizing pneumonia, but who rapidly developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (confirmed histologically at the time of autopsy). Read More

J Med Ultrason (2001) 2019 Apr 27;46(2):239-243. Epub 2018 Aug 27.

Department of Cardiology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Association Tachikawa Hospital, 4-2-22, Nishiki, Tachikawa, Tokyo, 190-8531, Japan.

Abiraterone is an agent effective for castration-resistant prostate cancer, but there have been no reports of cardiotoxic effects inducing cardiomyopathy, to our knowledge. We present a case of an 86-year-old man with castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone. He had received an androgen receptor antagonist (bicalutamide) and a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (degarelix) for 3 years. Read More

Cureus 2018 Jun 14;10(6):e2805. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Internal Medicine, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, USA.

The first-line treatment for advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) includes the use of afatinib and other EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). While generally well tolerated, a small subset of patients will develop drug-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) which could lead to drug discontinuation or even death. A 58-year-old female with stage IV NSCLC treated with afatinib presented with dyspnea and rapidly progressive hypoxemia. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2018 Jun;10(6):E485-E489

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan.

A 64-year-old man was prescribed maoto, a prevailing Chinese herbal, for a cold with upper respiratory inflammation. Two days later, he developed a high fever, progressive dyspnea and pulmonary infiltration on chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) including diffuse ground-glass opacity mainly around bronchovascular bundles and partial distribution of subpleural cysts resembling honeycombing. Despite the administration of azithromycin and pazufloxacin, the pulmonary infiltration and hypoxemia has rapidly progressed, so he was referred to our hospital. Read More

BMC Pulm Med 2018 Jul 20;18(1):121. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Department of Diagnosis, Ningbo Diagnostic Pathology Center, No. 79, Huan'cheng Road, Ningbo, 315021, China.

Background: Crizotinib is a multi-target inhibitor approved for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients with a ROS1 rearrangement. However, interstitial lung disease is a rare but severe and fatal side effect of crizotinib that should lead to immediate discontinuation of the drug. Unfortunately, the pathophysiology, molecular mechanism and risk factors for crizotinib-induced interstitial lung disease remain poorly understood. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2018 May;45(5):851-854

Dept. of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital.

A 52-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) received dasatinib after the failure of imatinib and nilotinib therapy. Two years after the initiation of dasatinib, he developed shortness of breath that gradually worsened. Chest X-ray and computed tomography scan showed pulmonary infiltrative shadows and bilateral pleural effusion. Read More