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J Thorac Oncol 2021 Jun 1. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Department of Radiodiagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Pulmonary immune-related adverse events represent rare but potentially severe side effects of immunotherapies. Diagnosis is often challenging, as symptoms and imaging features are not specific and may mimic other lung diseases, thus potentially delaying appropriate patient management. In this setting, an accurate imaging evaluation is essential for a prompt detection and correct management of these drug-induced lung diseases. Read More

Small 2021 Jun 24;17(25):e2100045. Epub 2021 May 24.

Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.

Luminescence imaging is one of the most effective noninvasive strategies for detection and stratification of inflammation and oxidative stress that are closely related to the pathogenesis of numerous acute and chronic diseases. Herein biocompatible nanoparticles based on a peroxalate ester derived from vitamin E (defined as OVE) are developed. In combination with different fluorophores, OVE can generate luminescence systems with emission wavelengths varying from blue to the near-infrared light in its native and nanoparticle forms, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H O ). Read More

Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021 Mar;10(3):1576-1581

Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan.

Awareness of the immune-related adverse event of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor-induced pneumonitis is important. Herein, we report the clinical course of 3 patients suspected to have PD-1 inhibitor-induced pneumonitis after cessation of PD-1 inhibitor treatment. In case 1, a 62-year-old man was diagnosed with stage IVA adenocarcinoma. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 Apr 8;15(1):153. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical Corporation JR Hiroshima Hospital, 3-1-36, Futabano-sato, Higashi-ku, Hiroshima, 732-0057, Japan.

Background: Although drug-induced interstitial pneumonia is a well-known adverse side-effect of cancer chemotherapy, the disease is difficult to detect in the early phase. We report a case of oxaliplatin-induced interstitial pneumonia in which eosinophilia and high-grade fever with relative bradycardia were useful presenting signs for the early diagnosis.

Case Presentation: A 76-year-old Japanese woman with postoperative recurrent rectal cancer (peritoneal dissemination and liver metastasis) was admitted to our hospital because of productive cough and consolidation on thoracic computed tomography (CT) images. Read More

Clin Lung Cancer 2021 Feb 4. Epub 2021 Feb 4.

Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address:

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors, are used to treat multiple cancers. Limited data exist as to the use of ICIs in patients with coexistent interstitial lung disease (ILD). We conducted a retrospective case series to assess clinical and radiologic outcomes of patients with ILD treated with PD-1 inhibitors. Read More

Rev Mal Respir 2021 Feb 10;38(2):210-214. Epub 2021 Feb 10.

Service d'anatomopathologie, universitair ziekenhuis Leuven-Gasthuisberg, 3000 Leuven, Belgique.

Introduction: Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor which is often used as first-line treatment for depression. Several patterns of interstitial lung disease attributable to sertraline have been reported in the literature.

Case Report: A 69-year-old patient, who had been taking sertraline to treat severe depression for 10 months, presented with a deterioration in his general condition and respiratory symptoms found to be associated with bilateral pneumonitis. Read More

J Postgrad Med 2021 Jan-Mar;67(1):43-45

Department of Radiology and Imaging, Tata Medical Center, 14 Main Arterial Road (E.W), New Town, West Bengal, India.

Immune-checkpoint inhibitor mediated hepatobiliary injury is an emerging concern in cancer treatment. Most of these adverse reactions are attributed to nivolumab and are characterized by panlobular hepatitis. Large duct cholangiopathy related to these drugs is extremely rare. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Jan 26;14(1). Epub 2021 Jan 26.

Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Faculdade de Medicina, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

A 75-year-old man was hospitalised for bronchoscopy with biopsy due to a suspicious pulmonary mass at chest tomography. He had significant dyspnoea, constipation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia and a 33% loss of weight in the past 3 months. Biopsy revealed a pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma, which was inoperable. Read More

Breast Cancer 2021 May 16;28(3):710-719. Epub 2021 Jan 16.

Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan.

Background: This study evaluated characteristics of patients treated with abemaciclib and diagnosed with interstitial lung disease (ILD), using 12-month post-marketing data from the real-world setting in Japan.

Methods: Spontaneous reports of adverse events in patients receiving abemaciclib were collected regularly from healthcare providers (HCPs) from November 30, 2018, to November 29, 2019. Detailed follow-up was requested on suspected ILD cases via questionnaires and/or interviews. Read More

Korean J Intern Med 2021 05 8;36(3):689-698. Epub 2021 Jan 8.

Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Background/aims: A better understanding of cancer cell biology has led to the discovery and development of several new targeted agents for cancer. These drugs are widely used in cancer treatment and have good toxicity profiles. However, some patients are extremely sensitive to these drugs and can develop severe toxicities. Read More

Radiographics 2021 Jan-Feb;41(1):32-55

From the Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, 525 E 68th St, New York, NY 10065.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common chronic systemic inflammatory diseases and the most common chronic inflammatory arthritis. Classically a progressive symmetric polyarthritis, RA is characterized by inflammation, erosions, bone loss, and joint destruction. Up to half of patients with RA exhibit extra-articular manifestations (EAMs), which may precede articular disease and are more common in patients with seropositive RA (patients with detectable serum levels of rheumatoid factor and/or anticitrullinated peptide antibodies). Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Dec 30;10(1). Epub 2020 Dec 30.

Department of Translational Medicine, Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden.

For drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD) translational imaging biomarkers are needed to improve detection and management of lung injury and drug-toxicity. Literature was reviewed on animal models in which in vivo imaging was used to detect and assess lung lesions that resembled pathological changes found in DIILD, such as inflammation and fibrosis. A systematic search was carried out using three databases with key words "Animal models", "Imaging", "Lung disease", and "Drugs". Read More

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021 Jun 2;147(6):1857-1864. Epub 2021 Jan 2.

Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1, Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.

Background: Pneumonitis can be triggered by anti-cancer therapies: cytotoxic chemotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. There are few treatment options for patients who develop such pneumonitis and their treatment including chemotherapy is generally difficult thus would limit patient's prognosis. In this study, we investigated the clinical course of patients with lung cancer who developed anti-cancer therapy-related pneumonitis. Read More

Intern Med 2021 May 22;60(10):1573-1576. Epub 2020 Dec 22.

Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Japan.

Drug-induced lung injury is defined as a respiratory disorder. The usefulness of the basophil activation test (BAT) for drug allergy-related cases was recently reported. The patient was an 82-year-old woman who had been taking Daisaikoto and Yokukansan (herbal medicines) 3 months before developing dry cough. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 Dec;47(12):1707-1709

Dept. of Surgery, Takagi Hospital.

We report the case of a 72-year-old woman who had undergone mastectomy for left breast cancer 9 years ago and had received anastrozole for 6 years after the operation. A year ago, she experienced a breast cancer recurrence in the thoracic wall and lymph nodes and was re-administered anastrozole, leading to a shrinking of the recurrent tumor. After the change from anastrozole to a generic product 2 months ago, she experienced respiratory distress. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 Dec;47(12):1657-1661

Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center.

Cancer patients with COVID-19 may be at increased risk of aggravation and death, and infectious risk of SARS-CoV-2 should be avoided as possible. It is a challenge to provide cancer therapy under circumstances where COVID-19 is rapidly spreading worldwide. Pharmacotherapy plays a central role for the treatment of advanced cancer. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Nov 18;9(11). Epub 2020 Nov 18.

Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Institution of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden.

Non-invasive imaging biomarkers (IBs) are warranted to enable improved diagnostics and follow-up monitoring of interstitial lung disease (ILD) including drug-induced ILD (DIILD). Of special interest are IB, which can characterize and differentiate acute inflammation from fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a PET-tracer specific for Collagen-I, combined with multi-echo MRI, in a rat model of DIILD. Read More

J Dig Dis 2021 Mar 10;22(3):167-170. Epub 2020 Dec 10.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 Oct;47(10):1493-1495

Dept. of Internal Medicine, Mihara Medical Association Hospital.

A 76-year-old female was followed up for rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease(RA-ILD). Consolidation and ground-glass opacities were observed in the right lung. When the corticosteroid was restarted due to a relapse of RA-ILD, most of the shadows disappeared. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2020 Nov 26;100:411-413. Epub 2020 Sep 26.

Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, United States.

Prolonged therapy with isoniazid is used for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Drug-induced lupus erythematosus is a rare, adverse event associated with isoniazid use and can complicate treatment, especially if it is associated with pneumonitis. The diagnosis is made by clinical suspicion, elevated serum titers of anti-nuclear antibody and anti-histone antibody, and new ground-glass opacities on chest tomography. Read More

Cureus 2020 Aug 17;12(8):e9807. Epub 2020 Aug 17.

Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, Joint Base San Antonio-Fort Sam Houston, USA.

Use of nitrofurantoin for uncomplicated cystitis and recurrent urinary tract infections is common practice. While the majority of patients tolerate this medication without issue, it is important to be cognizant of adverse reactions, as these can impact patient's quality of life. Nitrofurantoin-induced pulmonary toxicity is a rare side effect that can present with various clinical manifestations, imaging abnormalities, and pathologic findings. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2020 Nov 4;15(11):2178-2182. Epub 2020 Sep 4.

Department of Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Hospital Universitario Nacional de Colombia, Colombia.

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms is a rare and potentially fatal drug hypersensitivity reaction. Reactions include skin eruption, fever, hematologic abnormalities (eosinophilia or atypical lymphocytosis), enlarged lymph nodes, and/or organic involvement. The liver is the most commonly compromised organ. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Aug 25;21:e927586. Epub 2020 Aug 25.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

BACKGROUND Rifampicin-induced pneumonitis is an infrequent occurrence, with only a few cases reported in the literature. Furthermore, this condition constitutes a diagnostic challenge, particularly in the era of COVID-19 infection. Here, we report a case of rifampicin-induced pneumonitis with clinical, imaging, and histological features of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which required severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing to exclude a diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2020 2;31:101141. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Division of Pneumology, CHU UCL Namur (Godinne Site), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Gaston Therasse, 1 - 5530, Yvoir, Belgium.

Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia is a rare idiopathic interstitial lung disease, with a well-defined clinical-radiological and pathological entity. It may also be secondary to several causes. Rapid clinical and imaging improvement is usually obtained with corticosteroid therapy. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2020 Sep;45(9):719-721

Overton Brooks Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

We report a case of a 66-year-old woman with small cell lung cancer (stage IIB, T2N1M0), who received immunotherapy with nivolumab monthly for 2 months and then presented with thyrotoxic symptoms associated with suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and elevated free thyroid hormone levels, although previous thyrotropin performed 1 month ago was normal. Thyroid uptake and scan demonstrated diffusely decreased uptake in both thyroid lobes. The 4-hour percentage uptake was 0. Read More

Front Physiol 2020 19;11:584. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Institution of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

A large number of systemically administered drugs have the potential to cause drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD). We aim to characterize a model of DIILD in the rat and develop imaging biomarkers (IBs) for detection and quantification of DIILD. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats received one single dose of intratracheal (i. Read More

Ter Arkh 2020 Apr 27;92(3):84-91. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University.

Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (D-ILD) can be caused by various drugs, including antibiotics, amiodarone, antitumor, rheumatological and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. D-ILD includes hypersensitivity reactions, organizing and non-specific interstitial pneumonia, eosinophilic lung diseases, diffuse alveolar damage and alveolar hypoventilation. To exclude other causes of pulmonary diseases, an assessment of the medical history, physical data and examination results, which may include chest X-ray/multispiral computed tomography (MSCT), lung function tests, and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage, are necessary. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2020 Aug;45(8):e381-e382

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine.

Within a few months, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic with more than 2 million patients infected and a high mortality rate. Early detection of COVID-19 in oncologic patients is crucial in order to rapidly apply isolation measures and avoid nosocomial spread. However, early diagnosis may be challenging, especially in cancer patients under treatment with immunotherapy as drug-induced pneumonitis can present similar clinical and radiological features. Read More

J Clin Pharm Ther 2020 Aug 25;45(4):609-616. Epub 2020 May 25.

Pharmaceutical Department, Wuhan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University), Wuhan, China.

What Is Known And Objective: Since the December 2019 discovery of several cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, the infection has spread worldwide. Our aim is to report on the clinical characteristics, treatments and prognoses of COVID-19.

Methods: This was a retrospective, single-centre, case series of 136 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at Wuhan Third Hospital in Wuhan, China, between 28 January 2020 and 12 February 2020. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2020 Apr 22;10(4). Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Radiology Unit 1, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia"-University Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) represent a heterogeneous group of pathologies, which may be related to different causes. A low percentage of these lung diseases may be secondary to the administration of drugs or substances. Through the PubMed database, an extensive search was performed in the fields of drug toxicity and interstitial lung disease. Read More