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Chem Sci 2021 Jan 29;12(10):3733-3742. Epub 2021 Jan 29.

Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine St. Louis MO 63110 USA

Targeted alpha therapy is an emerging strategy for the treatment of disseminated cancer. [Ra]RaCl is the only clinically approved alpha particle-emitting drug, and it is used to treat castrate-resistant prostate cancer bone metastases, to which [Ra]Ra localizes. To specifically direct [Ra]Ra to non-osseous disease sites, chelation and conjugation to a cancer-targeting moiety is necessary. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2021 Aug 9;16(8):2099-2102. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Canselor Tunku Muhriz, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Urinary bladder carcinoma is a common malignancy worldwide. The metastatic disease to distant organs including lung, liver, and bone is well established. However, metastasis to below-knee-level; also known as acrometastasis is a rare occurrence and occurs approximately 0. Read More

J Int Med Res 2021 Jun;49(6):3000605211013152

Department of Orthopedics, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Qingpu Central Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China.

Objective: The number of patients with metastatic bone tumors of the pelvis (MBTP) has increased, and the risk of metastasis and recurrence in the pelvic bones is difficult to assess. Therefore, we investigated the clinical features and oncological outcomes of patients with MBTP.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical features and oncological outcomes of MBTP in 72 patients (42 men, 30 women; mean age, 50. Read More

PLoS One 2021 21;16(6):e0253021. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.

Introduction: Radium-223, abiraterone, and enzalutamide have each been shown to significantly improve survival as monotherapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, effects of combination radium-223 plus abiraterone or enzalutamide on survival and safety remain unclear.

Patients And Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study used electronic health record data of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases who were treated with radium-223 between April 1, 2014 and February 19, 2019. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021 Jun 17. Epub 2021 Jun 17.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Purpose: FAPI ligands (fibroblast activation protein inhibitor), a novel class of radiotracers for PET/CT imaging, demonstrated in previous studies rapid and high tumor uptake. The purpose of this study is the head-to-head intra-individual comparison of Ga-FAPI versus standard-of-care F-FDG in PET/CT in organ biodistribution and tumor uptake in patients with various cancers.

Material And Methods: This international retrospective multicenter analysis included PET/CT data from 71 patients from 6 centers who underwent both Ga-FAPI and F-FDG PET/CT within a median time interval of 10 days (range 1-89 days). Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021 Jun 16. Epub 2021 Jun 16.

Department of Nuclear Medicine & Specialised PET Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.

Purpose: [F]PSMA-1007 offers advantages of low urinary tracer excretion and theoretical improved spatial resolution for imaging prostate cancer. However, non-specific bone lesions (NSBLs), defined as mild to moderate focal bone uptake without a typical morphological correlate on CT, are a common finding on [F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with [F]PSMA-1007 avid NSBLs, to determine whether patients with NSBLs represent a higher risk clinical cohort, and to determine whether SUVmax can be used as a classifier of bone metastasis. Read More

Diagn Interv Imaging 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 06591 Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To compare conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differentiation of bone plasmacytoma from bone metastasis in the extremities.

Materials And Methods: A total of 65 patients with 27 bone plasmacytomas (11 men; mean age, 63.6±8. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Jun;100(23):e26206

Department of Radiology.

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical use of choline-PET/CT for discriminating viable progressive osteoblastic bone metastasis from benign osteoblastic change induced by the treatment effect and evaluating the response of bone metastasis to treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Thirty patients with mCRPC underwent a total of 56 11C-choline-PET/CT scans for restaging, because 4 patients received 1 scan and 26 had 2 scans. Using 2 (pre- and post-treatment) 11C-choline-PET/CT examinations per patient, treatment response was assessed according to European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) criteria in 20 situations, in which only bony metastases were observed on 11C-choline-PET/CT scans. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2021 Jul 26;16(7):1899-1901. Epub 2021 May 26.

Radiology department, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.

Unlike visceral, lymphonodal or bone metastases, skin metastases are rare and their identification portends of a bad prognosis. They may appear as the first sign revealing the primary tumour, synchronous or developing late in the course of neglected primary cancer. We report a case of 86 year-old women witch belongs to this rare group of patients in whom cutaneous metastasis were identified before the primary cancer. Read More

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Medical Imaging Department, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, University of Western Ontario, 800 Commissioners Road East, PO Box 5010, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada.

Purpose: Lu-Dotatate is an emerging treatment modality for patients with unresectable or metastatic well-differentiated NETs. This study examines survival predictors in patients who received Lu-Dotatate.

Methods: A retrospective single-center review was conducted, examining 47 individuals with progressive well-differentiated NETs treated with Lu-Dotatate (four induction cycles of 5. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69210, Heidelberg, Germany.

Purpose: [ Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 is a promising radiopharmaceutical for detecting tumour lesions in prostate cancer, but knowledge of the pharmacokinetics is limited. Dynamic PET-CT was performed to investigate the tumour detection and differences in temporal distribution, as well as in kinetic modelling of [ Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 by tissue type.

Methods: Dynamic PET-CT over the lower abdomen and static whole-body PET-CT 80-90 min p. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2021 28;14:3481-3486. Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China.

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with high rates of recurrence and metastasis. There are no standard treatment options available for patients with recurrence and metastases. The case of a 61-year-old male with SDC of the left parotid gland is presented in this study. Read More

J Nucl Med 2021 Jun 4. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Innovation Center Computer Assisted Surgery (ICCAS), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Germany.

Image-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been increasingly used in medicine over the past few decades, and several systems for such have become commercially available. HIFU has passed regulatory approval for the ablation of various solid tumors, the treatment of neurological diseases, and the palliative management of bone metastases around the world. The mechanical and thermal effects of focused ultrasound provide a possibility for histotripsy, support radiation therapy, and targeted drug delivery. Read More

Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021 15;11(2):87-98. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston, TX, USA.

This retrospective study is to assess the performance of F-Fluciclovine PET/CT in prostate cancer (PC) patients with multiple treatment failures and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ≤ 0.5 ng/mL. PC patients with multiple treatment failures who had PSA level within 2-week interval of F-Fluciclovine PET/CT (PSA) ≤ 0. Read More

Pharmaceutics 2021 May 14;13(5). Epub 2021 May 14.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.

The use of Ac in prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT), either as monotherapy or in combination with Lu, is a promising therapy approach in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate carcinoma (mCRPC). In this study, we report the efficacy and safety of [Ac]Ac-PSMA-617 augmented [Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 RLT in Lu-naive mCRPC patients ( = 15) with poor prognosis (presence of visceral metastases, high total tumor burden with diffuse bone metastases or a short PSA doubling time of <2 months). Biochemical (by PSA serum value) and molecular imaging response (by [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT) was assessed after two cycles of [Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 RLT, with at least one [Ac]Ac-PSMA-617 augmentation. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2021 May 20;13(10). Epub 2021 May 20.

Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Background: We investigated the response rate and degree of toxicity of a second course of three cycles of [Lu]Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy (PSMA-RLT) every 4 weeks in mCRPC patients.

Methods: Forty-three men (71.5 ± 6. Read More

Intern Med 2021 May 29. Epub 2021 May 29.

Department of Clinical Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Japan.

Nuclear protein of the testis (NUT) midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare malignant tumor expressing NUT with BRD4/3 rearrangements and is sometimes misdiagnosed as germinoma, especially in alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-elevated cases. A 28-year-old man had a mediastinal tumor with multiple bone metastases and elevated AFP levels. Imaging/laboratory findings led to a pathological diagnosis of extragonadal germinoma. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2021 Jul 27;89:405-411. Epub 2021 May 27.

Department of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address:

H3K27M and H3.3G34R/V mutations have been identified in pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG), though extraneural metastases are rarely reported and poorly characterized. Three pHGG patients from two institutions were identified with extraneural metastasis, harboring histone mutations. Read More

Nucl Med Biol 2021 Jul-Aug;98-99:59-68. Epub 2021 May 16.

Institut für Radiopharmazeutische Krebsforschung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328 Dresden, Germany. Electronic address:

With the exception of beryllium, divalent cations of every alkaline earth metal are characterized by their calcimimetic behavior. Thus, in vivo biodistribution of these cations mostly occurs in form of a massive accumulation in bone tissues, consisting of hydroxyapatite to a major extent. Apart from the lightest elements beryllium and magnesium, animal studies and human studies regarding the overall in vivo behavior were carried out by using radioisotopes of the elements calcium, strontium, barium and radium. Read More

J Nucl Med 2021 May 28. Epub 2021 May 28.

Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, United States.

Standardized staging and quantitative reporting is necessary to demonstrate the association of F-DCFPyL PET/CT (PSMA) imaging with clinical outcome. This work introduces an automated platform to implement and extend the Prostate Cancer Molecular Imaging Standardized Evaluation (PROMISE) criteria - aPROMISE. The objective is to validate the performance of aPROMISE in staging and quantifying disease burden in patients with prostate cancer who undergo PSMA Imaging. Read More

Urol Oncol 2021 May 25. Epub 2021 May 25.

Imperial Prostate, Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK.

Objectives: Focal salvage HIFU is a feasible therapeutic option in some men who have recurrence after primary radiotherapy for prostate cancer. We aimed to determine if multi-parametric quantitative parameters, in addition to clinical factors, might have a role in independently predicting focal salvage HIFU outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective registry analysis included 150 consecutive men who underwent focal salvage HIFU (Sonablate500) (2006-2015); 89 had mpMRI available. Read More

Arkh Patol 2021 ;83(3):40-44

Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russia.

Glioma metastasis outside the central nervous system is a quite rare phenomenon. The disease in a young woman manifested itself as back pain and loss of vision in the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a tumor of the optic nerve; positron emission tomography showed multiple secondary bone changes. Read More

Prostate 2021 May 25. Epub 2021 May 25.

Department of Urology, The James Buchanan Brady Urologic Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Background: Current preclinical models of metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) require sophisticated technologies and/or genetically engineered cells for the noninvasive monitoring of tumors in remote sites, such as bone. Recent developments in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis provide an alternative method for noninvasive tumor monitoring at a low cost. Here, we sought to evaluate human Alu and LINE-1 ctDNA for the longitudinal measurement of subcutaneous and intratibial human PCa xenograft growth and response to ionizing radiation (IR) through comparison with standard slide caliper and bioluminescence measurements. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021 May 25. Epub 2021 May 25.

West German Cancer Center, Münster and Essen, Germany.

Introduction: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based radioligand therapy (RLT) showed in a multicentre WARMTH (World Association of Radiopharmaceutical and Molecular Therapy) study that the presence of bone metastases is a negative prognosticator for the survival. The current multicentre retrospective analysis aims to evaluate the response rate to RLT, the overall survival (OS) of patients and the safety of the treatment according to the extent of bone involvement.

Methods: The study included patients with progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), who underwent RLT with [Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 and a follow-up of at least 6 months. Read More

Eur Urol 2021 May 21. Epub 2021 May 21.

NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Chris O'Brien Lifehouse RPA, Sydney, Australia; Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.

Men who initially present with localized prostate cancer and later develop metachronous metastases have a better prognosis than men with de novo metastatic disease and often have a low burden of disease on conventional imaging. Some have disease amenable to metastasis-directed therapy for lymph node or bone metastases, a strategy used by some because no documented overall survival (OS) benefit of combination systemic therapy in this setting. We report data for patients prospectively classified as "M0" at initial diagnosis from the interim analysis of the ENZAMET trial, with 34 mo of median follow-up for survivors. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2021 Jul;46(7):562-568

Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban.

Purpose: This prospective study was aimed at assessing the ability of 99mTc-PSMA scan to detect bone metastases in prostate cancer (PCa) against 99mTc-MDP scan as a standard and assess the correlation of these modalities in PCa staging of bone involvement.

Patients And Methods: Forty-one patients (41) with histologically confirmed PCa were scanned using both methods. Planar imaging was performed with additional regional SPECT/CT 3 to 4 hours posttracer injection. Read More

Jpn J Radiol 2021 May 22. Epub 2021 May 22.

Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing tumors have an aggressive clinical course. Here, we report five cases of G-CSF-producing tumors and review the literature, focusing on imaging findings related to tumor-produced G-CSF. In addition to our cases, we identified 30 previous reports of G-CSF-producing tumors on which F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT, bone scintigraphy, or evaluation of bone marrow MR findings was performed. Read More

Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2021 May 21:20200516. Epub 2021 May 21.

Quantitative Diagnostic Imaging, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging and Histopathological Diagnostics, Course of Applied Science, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, Niigata, Japan.

Objective: To analyze medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) with bone single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT, especially relationship between patient characteristics and maximum standardized uptake value (SUV).

Methods: 48 patients with MRONJ who underwent bone SPECT/CT were prospectively included. MRONJ patients were included 34 osteoporosis and 14 bone metastases from 6 lung cancer, 6 breast cancer and 2 rectal cancer. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2021 May 21. Epub 2021 May 21.

Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 185 Berry Street, Lobby 6, Suite 350, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA.

Objective: To report the safety and efficacy of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) in the treatment of painful bone metastases through a systematic review and meta-analysis of pain scores before and after MRgFUS treatment and post-treatment adverse events.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed and Embase databases was performed for studies evaluating the efficacy and/or safety of MRgFUS. The mean difference of pain scores (10-point visual analogue scale or numerical rating scale) between baseline and 1-month/3-month pain scores was collected and analyzed in a pooled meta-analysis. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 4;11:633833. Epub 2021 May 4.

School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States.

A recent meta-analysis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer showed no difference between whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), but no such study is available for prostate cancer (PCa). This study aimed to compare WBMRI and PET/CT for bone metastasis detection in patients with PCa. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were searched for papers published up to April 2020. Read More