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J Pediatr Orthop 2022 Jun 27. Epub 2022 Jun 27.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tsukuba (Tsukuba Paediatric Orthopaedic Group).

Background: Although normal anterior acetabular coverage provides stability to the hip, acetabular retroversion leads to femoroacetabular impingement related to hip osteoarthritis. Previous studies have focused on acetabular version and anteroposterior coverage in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH); however, the correlation between anteroposterior coverage and acetabular development is unclear. We measured anteroposterior acetabular coverage in DDH patients using transverse magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and subsequent bony acetabular growth, and evaluated the correlation of those findings. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022 Jun;36(6):714-721

The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Guangdong, 510515, P. R. China.

Objective: To explore the effect of false acetabulum on the development and anatomical morphology of proximal femur in Crowe type Ⅳ developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), providing a theoretical basis for the development of femoral reconstruction strategy and prosthesis selection for total hip arthroplasty.

Methods: The medical records of 47 patients (54 hips) with Crowe type Ⅳ DDH between February 2008 and March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, of which 21 patients (26 hips) were Crowe type Ⅳa (type Ⅳa group) and 26 patients (28 hips) were Crowe type Ⅳb (type Ⅳb group). There was no significant difference in general data such as gender, age, height, weight, body mass index, and side between the two groups ( >0. Read More

J Digit Imaging 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, No.169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710032, China.

The rotation and tilt of the pelvis during anteroposterior pelvic radiography can lead to misdiagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in children. At present, no method exists for accurately and conveniently measuring the precise rotation and tilt angles of pelvic on radiographs. The objective of this study was to develop several rotation and tilt measurement models using transfer learning and digital reconstructed radiographs (DRRs), and to compare their performances on pelvic radiographs. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop B 2022 Jun 14. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, GuangZhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Some patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) before 6 months of age successfully treated by Pavlik Harness (PH) still had persistent acetabular dysplasia (PAD). This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors for PAD in patients with DDH treated by PH. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 89 patients (109 hips; mean age, 3. Read More

Ir Med J 2022 May 25;115(5):598. Epub 2022 May 25.

Department of Radiology, University Hospital Waterford.

Aims Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is an important cause of disability in children and young adults. Early diagnosis and treatment can help avoid more invasive interventions and long-term morbidity. This study examines the ultrasound screening programme conducted in University Hospital Waterford (UHW), and the outcomes for infants with DDH in the Southeast of Ireland. Read More

Clin Orthop Surg 2022 Jun 7;14(2):196-204. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan.

Background: Patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) are known to have abnormal pelvic morphologies; however, rotation of innominate bone features remains unclear. Thus, we investigated innominate bone rotation in patients with DDH by measuring the associated angles and distances using three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography.

Methods: We defined four straight lines in pelvic 3D models: from the anterior superior iliac spine to the posterior superior iliac spine, from the anterior inferior iliac spine to the posterior inferior iliac spine, from the pubic tubercle to the ischial spine, and from the pubic tubercle to the ischial tuberosity. Read More

Adv Orthop 2022 29;2022:8688770. Epub 2022 May 29.

Head of Teaching Department of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Trauma, University of Pavol Jozef Šafárik, Kosice, Slovakia.

Background: Hilgenreiner brace (Hb) was developed to improve hip reduction rate and reduce the incidence of femoral head avascular necrosis (AVN). In children under the age of 18 months with unstable hip joints or a dislocated hip joint, the treatment method involves nonsurgical treatment in most cases.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of traction, closed reduction, and hip fixation in Hb in patients with severe forms of hip developmental dysplasia (DDH) in follow-up. Read More

BMC Surg 2022 Jun 6;22(1):217. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139# Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.

Background: For periacetabular osteotomy, traditional approaches usually have a long learning curve. We aimed to evaluate the postoperative results and complications of periacetabular osteotomy under a new double-incision approach.

Methods: The records of 58 consecutive patients (65 hips) who underwent periacetabular osteotomy using the new approach were retrospectively reviewed and evaluated. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2022 Jul 10;42(6):e565-e569. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Division of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.

Background: A subset of patients successfully treated for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) as infants have symptomatic acetabular dysplasia at skeletal maturity leading to periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). The purpose of this study was to compare femoral and acetabular morphology in PAO patients with late acetabular dysplasia after previous treatment for DDH with PAO patients who do not have a history of DDH treatment.

Methods: A single surgeon's patients who underwent PAO between 2011 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Arthroscopy 2022 Jun;38(6):1764-1765

The Steadman Clinic & Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.

Acetabular dysplasia results in abnormal forces across the hip joint and can result in both labral tears and cartilage degeneration. A continuum exists from classic dysplasia to normal acetabular morphology. Diagnosis is aided by several radiographic measurements and parameters including a lateral center edge angle of less than 20°, an anterior center edge angle of less than 20°, a Sharp's angle of greater than 42°, and a Tonnis angle of greater than 10°, or version abnormalities. Read More

J Hip Preserv Surg 2022 Jan 7;9(1):3-9. Epub 2022 Feb 7.

Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands.

The aim of this study was to determine the additional value of the false-profile (FP) view radiograph in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), as compared with an anteroposterior (AP) pelvic radiograph only, and evaluate the correlation between the Wiberg-lateral center edge angle (W-LCEA) and Wiberg-anterior center edge angle (W-ACEA). We used baseline data from a nationwide prospective cohort study (Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee). DDH was quantified on AP pelvic and FP hip radiographs using semi-automatic measurements of the W-LCEA and W-ACEA. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2022 May 30. Epub 2022 May 30.

Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Bone and Joint Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States.

Developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) is a paediatric condition in which the 'ball and socket' hip joint fails to form properly during infancy. The increased mechanical stress on the hip joint from DDH can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis during adulthood. Therefore, careful physical examination and imaging of all infants to diagnose DDH is critical to provide the best possible functional outcome. Read More

Front Pediatr 2022 11;10:918660. Epub 2022 May 11.

Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

The aims of the present study is to evaluate the roles of collagen I and III in the hip capsule in the postoperative clinical function of patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Hip capsules from 155 hips of 120 patients were collected during surgery. The patients were divided into three groups according to age: I: 2-3. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022 May 14;23(1):455. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Background: Based on the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data of three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (3D-MRI), finite element models of the hip joints of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip were established. The primary objectives included simulation and analysis of the finite element model pre- and post-closed reduction under different stances and loads, and evaluation of the size and distribution of von Mises stress in the acetabulum and femoral head pre- and post-operation and the short-term effects.

Methods: Acetabular index measurements of both the unaffected and affected sides were conducted, alongside International Hip Dysplasia Institute (IHDI) classification of the affected hip. Read More

Cartilage 2022 Apr-Jun;13(2):19476035221098165

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Objective: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common skeletal development in children and could result in secondary osteoarthritis. This study aims to clarify the alternations of subchondral trabecular bone remodeling and microstructural properties during the development of DDH, and the potential influence of these alternations on the overlying cartilage degeneration and DDH progression.

Design: Traditional straight-leg swaddling method was adopted to establish DDH model in newborn Sprague Dawley rats. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022 May 11;23(1):437. Epub 2022 May 11.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.

Background: Mechanical failure, power shortage, and inadvertent contamination of the oscillating saw occasionally occurs in actualizing femoral neck osteotomy during total hip arthroplasty (THA); however, no appropriate alternative solution is currently available. This study aimed to introduce a novel osteotomy instrumentation (fretsaw, jig, cable passer hook) as a substitute tool while the oscillating saw was unavailable during THA.

Methods: This study included 40 patients (40 hips) who underwent femoral neck osteotomy during primary THA using the new osteotomy instrumentation (n = 20) and the oscillating saw (n = 20). Read More

J Anat 2022 May 5. Epub 2022 May 5.

Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

In early limb embryogenesis, synovial joints acquire specific shapes which determine joint motion and function. The process by which the opposing cartilaginous joint surfaces are moulded into reciprocal and interlocking shapes, called joint morphogenesis, is one of the least understood aspects of joint formation and the cell-level dynamics underlying it are yet to be unravelled. In this research, we quantified key cellular dynamics involved in growth and morphogenesis of the zebrafish jaw joint and synthesised them in a predictive computational simulation of joint development. Read More

J Hip Preserv Surg 2021 Dec 9;8(4):318-324. Epub 2021 Nov 9.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Wakamatsu Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-17-1 Hamamachi, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0024, Japan.

Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) has been associated with osteitis pubis; however, it is still unclear whether hip dysplasia is associated with osteitis pubis. This study aimed to investigate (i) the incidence of pubic bone marrow edema (BME) on magnetic resonance imaging in symptomatic patients with FAIS, borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (BDDH) and developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery with labral preservation and (ii) the demographic and radiographic factors associated with pubic BME. A total of 259 symptomatic patients undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery between July 2016 and April 2019 were retrospectively reviewed and divided into three groups: FAIS (180 patients), BDDH (29 patients) and DDH (50 patients). Read More

Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022 May;12(5):2904-2916

Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.

Background: Acetabular reconstruction in Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) can be a challenging procedure for surgeons. A high risk of acetabular revision has been reported to be associated with extremely small acetabular prostheses. However, to our knowledge, quantitative morphological and coverage evaluations of the true acetabulum in Crowe IV hips have been infrequently conducted. Read More

Cureus 2022 Mar 26;14(3):e23515. Epub 2022 Mar 26.

Orthopedic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, JPN.

Iliopectineal bursitis usually develops subsequent to other hip pathologies and can often be treated conservatively. However, when conservative treatment fails or the enlarged bursa causes pain or compression of the surrounding neurovascular structures, surgery may be required. Most previous studies have described open surgeries, and reports on endoscopy are very limited. Read More

Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2022 Apr 30. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Many aspects of developmental hip dysplasia (DDH) care and evaluation are still active areas of debate. Recent studies have provided more insight into these topics such as strategies for reducing osteonecrosis, assessing hip reduction after closed and open reduction, and the management of residual acetabular dysplasia.

Recent Findings: The presence of the ossific nucleus at the time of reduction does not alter the risk of osteonecrosis. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2022 04 26;22(1):228. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: This study investigated the association between early Graf classification and femoral head coverage (FHC) with the acetabular index (AI) at the age of 6 months.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted between 2017-2018. Patients requiring Pavlik harness treatment and patients with syndromic dislocation or neurogenic dislocation were excluded. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022 Apr 25;23(1):385. Epub 2022 Apr 25.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390-8883, USA.

Purpose: Acetabular dysplasia (AD) is a debilitating condition which results in impaired hip function, leading to hip-spine syndrome with anomalies identifiable on plain radiographs. However, no study to date has investigated the association between radiographic spine anomalies and functional outcomes in AD. We hypothesize that AD patients with radiographic evidence of lumbar spine anomalies are associated with decreased function in comparison to those without such radiographic findings. Read More

Orthop Surg 2022 May 21;14(5):919-926. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.

Objective: To explore and analyze the change of pelvic sagittal tilt (PST) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with bilateral Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods: The study retrospectively evaluated 43 patients with bilateral Crowe type IV DDH undergoing THA from January 2008 to June 2019 who were followed up for 12 months postoperatively. Four parameters, including the ratio between the height and width of the obturator foramina(H/W ratio), the vertical distance between the upper edge of the symphysis and the middle of the sacrococcygeal joint (SSc distance), the vertical distance between the upper edge of the symphysis and the line connecting bilateral hip centers (SC distance) and the vertical distance between the upper edge of the symphysis and the line connecting the bilateral lower ends of the sacroiliac joints (SSi distance), which could indirectly reflect the change of PST, were observed and measured by radiographs. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2022 Jul 15;42(6):300-306. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Departments of Orthopaedics.

Introduction: Hip reconstruction is often necessary in children with cerebral palsy (CP) but is associated with high failure rates. Over-containment deeply seats the hip within the acetabulum at the time surgical reconstruction. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effect of over-containment on radiographic outcomes and failure rates in children with CP undergoing hip reconstruction. Read More

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2022 Mar;56(2):147-151

Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China; Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.

Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica (DEH) or Trevor's disease is a rare, nonhereditary developmental disorder of skeleton affecting epiphysis and short bones of limbs and characterized by a benign overgrowth of the medial half of the epiphysis resembling osteochondroma. We herein report an unconventional presentation of Trevor's disease of the hip with the involvement of the whole epiphysis. Only a few cases of DEH with such unusual features were found in the literature. Read More

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2022 Mar;56(2):120-124

Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Çukurova University, School of Medicine, Adana, Turkey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between Salter and Pemberton pelvic osteotomies and avascular necrosis of femoral head in the management of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods: This retrospective study included 69 hips of 52 patients aged between 12-36 months, diagnosed as DDH who had undergone either Salter or Pemberton pelvic osteotomy with Smith Petersen approach. There were 35 patients in Salter Pelvic Osteotomy and 34 patients in Pemberton Pelvic Osteotomy groups. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2022 May-Jun 01;42(5):e550-e551

Pediatric Orthopaedics Department Kasturba Medical College Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal, Karnataka.

Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol 2022 Mar-Apr;66(2):121-127. Epub 2021 Nov 19.

Residencia de Ortopedia y Traumatología, Universidad de Chile, Instituto Traumatológico Dr. Teodoro Gebauer, Santiago, Chile.

Introduction: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition which comprises a number of joint abnormalities, including modifications in femoral version and neck-shaft angle (CCD), as well as a probable progression to osteoarthritis in certain cases. The main objective of this research was to find a correlation between femoral version and severity of DDH in patients with advanced osteoarthritis prior to joint replacement, which has not been previously reported. A secondary aim was to describe the modification of CCD as the severity of DDH increases. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022 Apr 8;23(1):337. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Building 8, No.1665, Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.

Background: Some patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) complained of anterior knee pain (AKP) before and after Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) surgery. The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the characteristics of patellofemoral joint (PFJ) deformities in patients with DDH and (2) to determine the effects of PAO on the PFJ.

Methods: Seventy patients (86 hips) were included in the DDH group. Read More