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Surgery 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Medical Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Postoperative ileus entails pathophysiological changes in mucosal permeability and an intestinal inflammatory immune response. We hypothesized that preoperative selective decontamination of the digestive tract combined with preoperative mechanical bowel preparation might be advantageous to prevent or reduce permeability changes and immune response in postoperative ileus.

Methods: Postoperative ileus was induced in mice by standardized small bowel manipulation. Read More

Wien Klin Wochenschr 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34/2, 8036, Graz, Austria.

Purpose: To evaluate gastrointestinal tract (GIT) perforations in very low birth weight infants and the effects on neurodevelopmental outcome.

Methods: Between 2000 and 2017 all cases with GIT perforation were analyzed regarding causes, associated morbidities and neurodevelopmental outcome and compared with matched (gestational age, birth weight, gender, year of birth) by 1:2 controls.

Results: The incidence of GIT perforation was 2. Read More

Anaesthesist 2021 Jun 9;70(6):469-475. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Klinik für Anästhesie, operative Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Vivantes Klinikum Neukölln, Rudower Str. 48, 12351, Berlin, Deutschland.

Background: Preoperative fasting times for clear liquids surpass by far the recommendations of the specialist societies. The aim of this study was to introduce a liberal regimen for preoperative fasting of clear liquids using fasting cards as a training tool and to evaluate the implementation.

Material And Methods: We developed a liberalized regimen of preoperative clear fluid fasting times, which allows patients to drink water, apple juice, tea and coffee until being called to the operating theatre. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2021 Jun 4;2021(6):rjab250. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of General Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital and Community Health Services, Sydney, New South Wales 2002, Australia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab164.]. Read More

Pediatr Res 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors and outcomes of white matter brain injury (WMBI) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term-equivalent age in infants with surgical necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

Methods: This retrospective study compared clinical/pathological information between infants with and those without WMBI.

Results: Out of 69 infants with surgical NEC, 17 (24. Read More

Nutr Clin Pract 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction is prevalent in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The acetaminophen absorption test (AAT) has been previously described as a direct method for assessment of GI function. Our study determines whether the AAT can be used to assess GI function in critically ill COVID-19 patients, compared with traditional measures of GI function. Read More

JCI Insight 2021 Jun 8;6(11). Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

SLC26A6 (also known as putative anion transporter 1 [PAT1]) is a Cl-/HCO3- exchanger expressed at the luminal membrane of enterocytes where it facilitates intestinal Cl- and fluid absorption. Here, high-throughput screening of 50,000 synthetic small molecules in cells expressing PAT1 and a halide-sensing fluorescent protein identified several classes of inhibitors. The most potent compound, the pyrazolo-pyrido-pyrimidinone PAT1inh-B01, fully inhibited PAT1-mediated anion exchange (IC50 ~350 nM), without inhibition of the related intestinal transporter SLC26A3 (also known as DRA). Read More

Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2021 May 25;5(3):314-320. Epub 2021 Jan 25.

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan.

Aim: Many studies have shown that patients with mental disorders are less likely than non-psychiatric patients to be diagnosed with or treated for various types of cancers because of their low awareness and understanding of the disease as well as reduced ability to cooperate with medical staff. We analyzed the clinical features of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and preexisting mental illness.

Methods: All patients underwent primary tumor resection for CRC. Read More

Colorectal Dis 2020 Dec 18;22(12):2288-2297. Epub 2020 Sep 18.

Aim: Aspiration is a common cause of pneumonia in patients with postoperative ileus. Insertion of a nasogastric tube (NGT) is often performed, but this can be distressing. The aim of this study was to determine whether the timing of NGT insertion after surgery (before versus after vomiting) was associated with reduced rates of pneumonia in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2021 May 28;2021(5):rjab198. Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Surgery, St. Joseph's University Medical Center, Paterson, NJ, USA.

Although primarily a respiratory virus, coronavirus-19 acts on the gastrointestinal tract to cause symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. One possible mechanism involves the ACE2 receptor, which serves as the primary receptor for virus entry into the gastrointestinal epithelium. We describe the case of a 54-year-old-male with recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, who later presented with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and progressively worsening diffuse abdominal pain for 1 week. Read More

Curr Urol 2021 Mar 29;15(1):39-44. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Urology, Connolly Hospital, Blanchardstown, Dublin, Ireland.

Introduction: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction that is caused by a dysregulated host response to the infection. Urosepsis contributes up to 25% of all sepsis cases. An important part of the management of urosepsis is to rule out possible surgical causes such as urolithiasis, obstructive uropathy, or abscess formation along the urogenital tract. Read More

Injury 2021 May 4. Epub 2021 May 4.

Cambridge Orthopaedic Pelvic Unit (COPU), Addenbrooke's Hospital Major Trauma Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.

Aims: Fractures of the pelvis and acetabulum are often the consequence of high energy trauma in young individuals or fragility fractures in osteoporotic bone. They can be life-threatening or life changing injuries. No published data exists comparing body mass index (BMI) and mortality for this patient group. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2021 Jun 3:e14427. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.

Objectives: The study aimed to assess the haemodynamic changes of laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) in geriatric patients with pheochromocytoma (PHEO). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the haemodynamic outcomes of LA in this patient population.

Methods: Data of 350 patients who underwent single-side transperitoneal LA between 2000 and 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Read More

J Robot Surg 2021 Jun 3. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Tweed Hospital, Powell St, Tweed Heads, NSW, 2485, Australia.

To compare the outcomes of patients undergoing right hemicolectomy using laparoscopic or robotic approaches and perform a cost analysis. Retrospective review of all patients undergoing elective laparoscopic and robotic right hemicolectomies at a public and private hospital in NSW/QLD from January 2015 to June 2018. Cost analysis was calculated using actual and estimated costs by the local health district. Read More

Anesth Analg 2021 Jun 1. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, New York.

While intraoperative mortality has diminished greatly over the last several decades, the risk of death within 30 days of surgery remains stubbornly high and is ultimately related to perioperative organ failure. Perioperative strokes, while rare (<2% in noncardiac surgery), are associated with a more than 10-fold increase in mortality. Rapid identification and treatment are key to maximizing long-term outcomes. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 May 3;57(5). Epub 2021 May 3.

3rd Surgery Department, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54621 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Meckel's diverticulum is a common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract encountered in about 1-3% of the general population. Although most patients remain asymptomatic, a minority will experience serious complications such as acute abdomen, haemorrhage or obstructive ileus. Of all patients presenting with symptoms of obstruction due to Meckel's diverticulum 7-18% is due to volvulus. Read More

J Dermatolog Treat 2021 May 31:1-21. Epub 2021 May 31.

Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Doxycycline is one of the most prescribed antibiotics by dermatologists. However, the concern regarding adverse events of doxycyline has been rising. To detect the adverse events of doxycycline using the Korea Adverse Events Reporting System (KAERS) database from January 2014 to December 2018 through a data mining method. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2021 May 31. Epub 2021 May 31.

Department of General Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Background: Diverting ileostomy (DI) is utilised in rectal cancer surgery to mitigate the effects of anastomotic leak. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical risk factors associated with post-operative complications of DI reversal.

Methods: A single-centre retrospective analysis of patients who underwent surgical resection for rectal cancer and subsequent DI reversal between January 2012 and December 2020 was undertaken. Read More

Surg J (N Y) 2021 Apr 25;7(2):e54-e58. Epub 2021 May 25.

University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

 Gallstone ileus is a very infrequent complication of cholelithiasis in which single or multiple stones pass through an abnormal fistula to the lumen of the intestine leading to a true mechanical obstruction. We are reporting a case of a female who developed intestinal obstruction due to gallstones during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and was managed urgently surgically in a low-settings hospital.  An 85-year-old white female with 40 years history of gallstone disease, hypertension, and type-2 diabetes presented to the accidents and emergency unit with upper central crampy abdominal pain for 5 days associated with green color vomiting and absolute constipation. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2021 May 27;2021(5):rjab192. Epub 2021 May 27.

Pediatric Department, Tishreen University Hospital, Latakia, Syria.

Fetal intestinal volvulus is rare, but it is a serious condition due to its life-threatening complications. The bowel loop becomes twisted; thus, impaired venous return leads to bowel necrosis. Prenatal volvulus is most secondary to intestinal atresia, arterial supply defect or without any underlying cause, with consideration that cystic fibrosis is the cause of the intestinal obstruction, because of meconium ileus. Read More

Surg Endosc 2021 May 27. Epub 2021 May 27.

Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, 323 Ilsan-Ro, Ilsan Dong-Gu, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea.

Background: Since the introduction of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS), early diet after surgery has been emphasized and clinical outcomes have improved, though vomiting has been reported frequently. We defined diet failure based on clinical manifestation and images after colon cancer surgery and attempted to analyze underlying risk factors by comparing the early diet group with the conventional diet group.

Methods: All consecutive patients underwent colectomy with curative intent at a single institution between August 2015 and July 2017. Read More

J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2021 May 27. Epub 2021 May 27.

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Success rate of laparoscopic pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) in children is comparable with open pyeloplasty. Prolonged ileus and injury to adjacent viscera more often occurred in transperitoneal approach; however, longer operation time is noted in retroperitoneal approach. This study presented a hybrid retroperitoneoscopic pyeloplasty (HRP), for congenital UPJO in infants weighing <10 kg. Read More

Cir Cir 2021 ;89(3):390-393

Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Posponer cirugías electivas durante el proceso pandémico de Covid-19 aumentó el riesgo de complicaciones graves de enfermedades benignas. El íleo biliar es una de las raras complicaciones de la colelitiasis (0,3-0,5%). Los episodios recurrentes de colecistitis aguda están involucrados en la fisiopatología. Read More

Cir Cir 2021 ;89(3):303-308

Department of General Surgery, Abant Izzet Baysal University Hospital, Bolu, Turkey.

Objetivo: La apendicitis aguda es uno de los procedimientos quirúrgicos más aplicados en todo el mundo. Una de las complicaciones de la apendicectomía es la apendicitis del muñón. El diagnóstico de apendicitis del muñón suele retrasarse. Read More

Langenbecks Arch Surg 2021 May 26. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department for Women's Health, University Hospital Tübingen, Calwerstr. 7, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.

Purpose: Adhesion formation after endometriosis surgery is a severe problem affecting up to 90% of patients. Possible complications include chronic pain, ileus, and secondary infertility. Therefore, effective adhesion prophylaxis is desirable, for which the adhesion barrier 4DryField PH is evaluated in the present clinical study. Read More

Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2021 May;56(5):341-348

Department of Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.

To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of perioperative complications after robotic gynecologic surgery. The clinical data and occurrence of perioperative complications in 1 000 cases robotic surgery completed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. (1) Clinical data: the average age of the patients was (50. Read More

ANZ J Surg 2021 May 24. Epub 2021 May 24.

Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Background: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated favorable outcomes associated with trans-anal colonic pull-through for rectal resection followed by delayed coloanal anastomoses (DCA), resulting in a resurgence in popularity of the technique. This meta-analysis aims to review existing literature to evaluate the postoperative complications associated with DCA, and to make comparisons with immediate coloanal anastomoses (ICA) after colorectal resection to assess the suitability of DCA as an alternative form of surgical treatment.

Methods: Medline and Embase databases were reviewed from inception until 31 July 2020 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Read More

Surg Endosc 2021 May 24. Epub 2021 May 24.

Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Background: This was a retrospective, matching-adjusted indirect comparison of clinical outcomes between patients from a single-arm trial of the ECHELON CIRCULAR™ Powered Stapler (ECP) and those from a historical cohort of patients who underwent left-sided colorectal resection using conventional manual circular staplers, extracted from the Premier Healthcare Database.

Methods: Patients in the ECP trial cohort were propensity score matched to those in the historical cohort through nearest neighbor matching. Outcomes included 30-day readmission rates; length of stay (LOS) for the index admission; rates of anastomotic leak, pelvic abscess, ileus/small bowel obstruction, infection, bleeding, and stoma creation. Read More

Integr Cancer Ther 2021 Jan-Dec;20:15347354211019483

European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.

Introduction: Radical cystectomy (RC) is the gold standard treatment for patients with muscle-invasive or refractory non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. It is estimated that approximately 64% and 13% of RC patients experience any complication and major complications, respectively. Specialized immunonutrition (SIM) aims to reduce the rates of complications after RC. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2021 May 18;2021(5):rjab137. Epub 2021 May 18.

Department of Surgery, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.

Gallstone ileus is a rare complication of cholelithiasis, representing 1% of bowel obstructions. The usual site of obstruction is the ileocecal valve, though other sites have been reported. Here, we present two cases of gallstone ileus within the distal colon requiring surgical intervention. Read More