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ISRN Pediatr 2014 12;2014:808756. Epub 2014 Mar 12.

Central Research Laboratory, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PG Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 453555, India.

Introduction. Despite being an important health problem in developing countries, there is little information available on factors affecting the severe acute malnutrition, especially nondietary factors. Objective. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2014 3;2014:729573. Epub 2014 Apr 3.

Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, 71003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece.

Background. Labor related injuries among Palestinian schoolchildren are a significant undocumented public health concern. This study aimed at documenting the prevalence and nature of work related injuries among schoolchildren as well as identifying sociodemographic factors that predict these injuries. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2014 26;2014:920940. Epub 2014 Mar 26.

Tabriz Health Services Management Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5155668474, Iran.

Background. Congenital anomalies are responsible for a remarkable proportion of mortality and morbidity in newborns. The aim of this study was to document the epidemiological features of congenital anomalies in rural areas, northwest of Iran. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2014 9;2014:134347. Epub 2014 Mar 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.

Purpose. To investigate the incidence and the severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in extremely preterm infants born before 28 weeks of gestation in southeastern Turkey. Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2014 4;2014:714234. Epub 2014 Mar 4.

Department of Environmental Studies, Delhi University, Delhi 110007, India.

Background. Hypospadias is a part of testicular digenesis syndrome (TDS) which includes infertility, cryptorchidism, and spermatogenesis. Heavy metals act as endocrine disrupting compounds. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2014 19;2014:734689. Epub 2014 Feb 19.

Texas Children's Health Plan, Baylor College of Medicine, 2450 Holcombe Boulevard, Suite 34L, Houston, TX 77021, USA.

Background. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) noncompliance is associated with increased risk of seizures and morbidity in seizure disorder patients. Objective. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2014 10;2014:234835. Epub 2014 Feb 10.

Department of the Pediatrics, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta 31125, Egypt.

Background. Most of the studies done on adults showed that red cell distribution width (RDW) can be used as a prognostic marker in patients with chronic heart failure. However, RDW has not been tested in children with heart failure. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2014 6;2014:758343. Epub 2014 Feb 6.

Harold Hamm Oklahoma Diabetes Center, Tulsa Program, University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine, 4502 East 41st Street, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA.

Background. Basal insulin detemir and glargine each have characteristics that may make them a superior choice in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, but there is a paucity of data on glycemic results in this population. Objective. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 12;2013:159542. Epub 2013 Dec 12.

Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.

Background. Low birth weight (LBW), an outcome of maternal undernutrition, is a major public health concern in Bangladesh where the problem is most prominent. Women's decision-making autonomy is likely an important factor influencing maternal and child health outcomes. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 Dec 25;2013:529038. Epub 2013 Dec 25.

Department of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Wielicka 265, 30-663 Krakow, Poland.

This paper summarizes current knowledge about electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and its present and possible applications in clinical practice in pediatric respiratory medicine. EIT is a relatively new technique based on real-time monitoring of bioimpedance. Its possible application in clinical practice related to ventilation and perfusion monitoring in children has gaine increasing attention in recent years. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 Dec 19;2013:459160. Epub 2013 Dec 19.

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack 753007, India.

Background. Studies have found an increased incidence of vitamin D deficiency in children with pneumonia; however, there is no conclusive data regarding the direct effect of vitamin D supplementation in acute pneumonia. Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 3;2013:849709. Epub 2013 Dec 3.

Department of Pediatrics, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Delhi 110095, India.

Background. Organochlorine pesticides (OCP) are persistent organic pollutants that have been implicated in causing several deleterious effects in humans. These are known neurotoxins in high doses, but the role of environmentally acquired OCPs in the body to induce seizures in children has not been investigated yet. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 12;2013:845876. Epub 2013 Nov 12.

Program in Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand ; Department of Occupational Medicine, Phrae Hospital, Phrae 54000, Thailand.

Objectives. To develop a simple scoring system to predict dengue infection severity based on patient characteristics and routine clinical profiles. Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 10;2013:861246. Epub 2013 Oct 10.

Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Introduction. This study investigates the association between ethnic background and overweight (obesity included) among 5 year olds. Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 30;2013:470286. Epub 2013 Sep 30.

Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua dos Otonis 725, 04025-002 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Introduction. The presence of eczema and gastrointestinal manifestations are often observed in cow's milk allergy (CMA) and also in some primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID). Objective. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 19;2013:765253. Epub 2013 Sep 19.

Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are prone to premature atherosclerosis and are at risk for the development of cardiovascular disease. Increased arterial stiffness is emerging as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. Purpose. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 12;2013:574937. Epub 2013 Sep 12.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassya Square, Cairo 11381, Egypt.

Aim. To compare targeted neonatal hearing screening (TNHS) and universal neonatal hearing screening (UNHS) since many developing countries, including Egypt, implement selective screening for high-risk neonates. Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 11;2013:970394. Epub 2013 Sep 11.

Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Department, Ain Shams University, Abbasseya Square, Cairo 11566, Egypt.

Background. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a leading cause of heart failure in children and young adults worldwide. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a useful marker of critical pediatric heart disease, and its N-terminal peptide, NT-proBNP, is elevated in congenital and acquired heart disease in children. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 21;2013:652148. Epub 2013 Aug 21.

Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Background. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) during pregnancy represents a major public health problem in developing countries. Anemia is a common consequence of VAD. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 Aug 18;2013:956269. Epub 2013 Aug 18.

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Peoples Dental Academy, Bhopal 462037, Madhya Pradesh, India.

The occurrence of natal and neonatal teeth is an uncommon anomaly, which for centuries has been associated with diverse superstitions among different ethnic groups. Natal teeth are more frequent than neonatal teeth, with the ratio being approximately 3 : 1. It must be considered that natal and neonatal teeth are conditions of fundamental importance not only for a dental surgeon but also for a paediatrician since their presence may lead to numerous complications. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 6;2013:165193. Epub 2013 Aug 6.

Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, Clinical Psychiatry Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Objective. Previous studies have shown some motor deficits among stuttering and dyslexic children. While motor deficits in speech articulation of the stuttering children are among the controversial topics, no study on motor deficits of dyslexic children has been documented to date. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 8;2013:164757. Epub 2013 Jul 8.

Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, Room 18A-55, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA.

Using the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health (N = 91,532), we studied the relationship between the joint effects of immigrant family type (foreign-born children, US-born children/one foreign-born parent, US-born children/both foreign-born parents, and US-born children/US-born parents) and race/ethnicity on various health measures (parent-reported physical and dental health, obesity/overweight, breast-feeding, school absence, injury, and chronic condition). We used weighted logistic regression to examine the independent effects of the 12-level joint variable on various health status measures while controlling for confounding factors. Overall, nearly one-third of families with both foreign-born parents were poor, and one-quarter of the parents in these households did not complete high school. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 2;2013:435976. Epub 2013 Jun 2.

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

Childhood pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among underfives particularly in the resource-constraint part of the world. A high proportion of these deaths are due to lack of oxygen, thereby making oxygen administration a life-saving adjunctive when indicated. However, many primary health centres that manage most of the cases often lack the adequate manpower and facilities to decide which patient should be on oxygen therapy. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 24;2013:264340. Epub 2013 Apr 24.

Department of Pediatrics, Fatih University, Turkey.

Aim. To demonstrate whether transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is found more frequently in women undergoing general or combined epidural-spinal (CES) anesthesia during Cesarean section. Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 3;2013:932697. Epub 2013 Apr 3.

Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, PMB 12245, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

Background. Nigeria has the world largest burden of paediatric HIV and is also highly endemic for Hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, relatively little is known regarding the prevalence of HBV-HIV coinfections among Nigerian children. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 28;2013:206546. Epub 2013 Mar 28.

Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Pediatric Gastroenterology Department, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71937-11351, Iran.

ISRN Pediatr 2013 11;2013:140213. Epub 2013 Apr 11.

NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Della Commenda 12, 20122 Milan, Italy.

Whole-body deep hypothermia (DH) could be a new therapeutic strategy for asphyxiated newborn. This retrospective study describes how DH modified the heart rate and arterial blood pressure if compared to mild hypothermia (MH). Fourteen in DH and 17 in MH were cooled within the first six hours of life and for the following 72 hours. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 31;2013:824781. Epub 2013 Mar 31.

Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Respiratory Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, P.O. 35516 Box 50, Mansoura, Egypt.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease that means not all asthmatics respond to the same treatment. We hypothesize an approach to characterize asthma phenotypes based on symptomatology (shortness of breath (SOB), cough, and wheezy phenotypes) in correlation with airway inflammatory biomarkers and FEV1. We aimed to detect whether those clinical phenotypes have an impact on the response to asthma medications. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2013 26;2013:871376. Epub 2013 Feb 26.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Background. Automatic tube compensation (ATC) has been developed to overcome the imposed work of breathing due to artificial airways during spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs). Objectives. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 24;2012:168379. Epub 2012 Dec 24.

Department of Pediatric Health and Diseases, Sema Application and Research Hospital, Fatih University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background. We investigated the predictive value and the relative risk of the evaluation of serum eosinophilic cationic protein (sECP) and total IgE levels concomitantly in relation to the persistence of wheezing in young children. Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 20;2012:419168. Epub 2012 Dec 20.

Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.

The objective was to assess the efficacy of a one-year, peer-mediated interventional program consisting of yoga, meditation and play therapy maintained by student volunteers in a school in India. The population consisted of 69 students between the ages of 6 and 11 years, previously identified as having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A program, known as Climb-Up, was initially embedded in the school twice weekly. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 20;2012:975685. Epub 2012 Nov 20.

Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany ; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.

A wealth of epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies have been linked to poor intrauterine conditions as well as metabolic and associated cardiovascular changes postnatal. These are novel perspectives connecting the altered intrauterine milieu to a rising number of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia as well as the Metabolic Syndrome (Met S). Moreover, metabolic associated atherosclerotic diseases are connected to perigestational maternal health. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 18;2012:968921. Epub 2012 Nov 18.

Department of Community Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi 110049, India.

The neonatal mortality rate in India is amongst the highest in the world and skewed towards rural areas. Nonavailability of trained manpower along with poor healthcare infrastructure is one of the major hurdles in ensuring quality neonatal care. We reviewed case studies and relevant literature from low and middle income countries and documented alternative strategies that have proved to be favourable in improving neonatal health. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 5;2012:298753. Epub 2012 Nov 5.

University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.

Background. Operative blunt duodenal trauma is rare in pediatric patients. Management is controversial with some recommending pyloric exclusion for complex cases. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 20;2012:209609. Epub 2012 Nov 20.

Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, PMB 12245, Benue State, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Background. The fear and panic felt by most parents when their child convulsed made them apply all sorts of management. Objective. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 1;2012:685302. Epub 2012 Nov 1.

Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Thessaly, 41222 Larisa, Greece.

Background. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common in children. The cause of URTIs is usually viral, but parents' attitudes often contribute to inappropriate prescription of antibiotics, promoting antibiotic resistance. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 6;2012:619107. Epub 2012 Nov 6.

Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11321, Egypt.

Cardiac arrest has been described in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Aim. To evaluate QTc and QTd in type 1 diabetic children with DKA. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 21;2012:927968. Epub 2012 Oct 21.

Pediatrics and Clinical Pathology Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11321, Egypt.

Dilated cardiomyopathy is an important cause of congestive cardiac failure in infants and children. Mobilizing hematopoietic progenitor cells is a promising intervention to this deadly disease. Aim. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 25;2012:869634. Epub 2012 Sep 25.

Luton & Dunstable Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Lewsey Road, Luton LU40DZ, UK.

Introduction. The aims of this study were to validate the new formulas for weight calculation introduced by the advanced life support group (alsg) of the United Kingdom in 2011 and compare their performance to the formula currently used by the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and other formulas and to check whether performance of formulas for weight calculation is affected by ethnic group and gender. Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 25;2012:501216. Epub 2012 Sep 25.

Neurophysiology Laboratory, Departament of Physiology, Health Science University Center, University of Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada No. 950 Edificio N, Col. Independencia, Guadalajara, México 44320 JAL, Mexico.

Introduction. Recent studies in Mexico have shown that from 20/10,000 to 58/10,000 newborns with Toxoplasma infection could be undetected. The aim of this study was to determine the weighed prevalence of T. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 11;2012:859873. Epub 2012 Sep 11.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11321, Egypt.

Chronic airways infection and inflammation are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in chronic lung diseases (CLD). Pulmonary exacerbations are major causes of morbidity in CLD. Exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) is a product of endogenous metabolic processes whose presence in exhaled breath is considered an index of inflammatory processes. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 3;2012:408769. Epub 2012 Sep 3.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.

Background. Recurrent perianal inflammation has great etiologic diversity. A possible cause is cow's milk allergy (CMA). Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 2;2012:324306. Epub 2012 Sep 2.

Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11231, Egypt.

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common form of cyanotic congenital heart disease. The aim of this study was to examine the exercise performance of young patients following the repair of TOF and to assess the influence of different variables related to the surgical repair on exercise testing. This study was conducted on 21 patients (16 males and 5 females) operated on for TOF compared to 15 healthy age- and sex-matched control children. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 27;2012:645103. Epub 2012 Aug 27.

Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychiatry Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Objectives. Regarding the importance of sexual desire in adolescence period and public and parental concerns about it and considering the lack of studies on sexual knowledge especially in adolescents in Iran, this study was conducted to evaluate the sexual issues in high school girls and boys. Patients and Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 28;2012:263139. Epub 2012 Aug 28.

Department of Pharmacy, Moses H. Cone Hospital, Greensboro, NC 27401-1020, USA.

A ketogenic diet is a nonpharmacologic treatment strategy to control refractory epilepsy in children. Although this diet has been used successfully to reduce seizures since the 1920s, the anticonvulsant mechanism of ketosis remains unknown. The initiation of the diet requires an average four-day hospitalization to achieve ketosis in the patient as well as to provide thorough education on diet maintenance for both the patient and the caregivers. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 5;2012:806920. Epub 2012 Aug 5.

Asthma and Allergy Clinic, Children's Clinic Randers, Dytmærsken 9, 8900 Randers, Denmark.

Component resolved diagnosis is a new concept in the investigation of pediatric allergic disease. The aim of the present paper is to review the available data on component resolved diagnosis with respect to implications for investigation of children with allergic disease. In most conditions head-to-head comparisons of component resolved diagnosis with traditional IgE testing have not been performed. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 5;2012:508512. Epub 2012 Aug 5.

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.

Background. Ongoing surveillance of antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of bacteria isolated in bloodstream infections guides empiric antibiotic therapy in neonatal sepsis. Methods. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 5;2012:685151. Epub 2012 Jul 5.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110001, D.C., Colombia.

Background. An abnormally high incidence (44%) of bronchopulmonary dysplasia with variations in rates among cities was observed in Colombia among premature infants. Objective. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 1;2012:436046. Epub 2012 Jul 1.

Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch Stra β e 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.

Introduction. Retrospective observational data show that ACE-inhibitor therapy delays renal failure and improves life expectancy in Alport patients with proteinuria. The EARLY PRO-TECT Alport trial assesses the safety and efficacy of early therapy onset with ramipril in pediatric Alport patients. Read More

ISRN Pediatr 2012 1;2012:375038. Epub 2012 Jul 1.

Department of Pediatrics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Background. Sensorineural hearing loss after procedures including extracorporeal circulation and hypothermia is greater than general population. Mild hypothermia has a protective role on cochlea; however, deep hypothermia may result in cochlear injury. Read More