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Acta Neurol Belg 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.

Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2018 24;5(4):000760. Epub 2018 Apr 24.

Internal Medicine Department, Brugmann University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.

A 56-year-old woman presented with cognitive impairment, confusion and slowed speech, muscle cramps and peripheral paraesthesia preceded by vomiting. Blood tests revealed severe hypokalaemia, hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia and hypocalcaemia. Following a diagnosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy based on ultrasonography, the patient was treated with electrolyte supplementation and recovered within 48h. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Feb 11;9(1):1770. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Approximately 30% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) have hypomagnesemia (blood magnesium (Mg) concentration <0.7 mmol/L). In T2D patients, treatment with metformin is associated with reduced blood Mg levels. Read More

Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019 Feb 6;9(2). Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anticancer drug commonly used in treating cancer; however, it has severe cytotoxicity effects. To overcome both the adverse effects of the drug and mineral deficiency (i.e. Read More

Magnes Res 2018 Aug;31(3):90-98

Department of Pharmacology "Gr. T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania.

Addiction is a dysregulation of brain reward systems that progressively increases, resulting in compulsive drug use and loss of control over drug-taking. Addiction is a brain disease. There is evidence that magnesium deficit is involved in addiction to various addictive substances (heroin, morphine, cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, caffeine, and others). Read More

Magnes Res 2018 Aug;31(3):78-89

Laboratory of Trace Elements Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Smetna 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland, Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.

Antidepressant therapy exhibits low clinical efficacy and produces a variety of unwanted side effects. Therefore, the search for more effective antidepressants is still in progress. Antidepressant properties of magnesium and zinc have been demonstrated in animal screen tests/models and clinical studies. Read More

Blood Purif 2019 Jan 30:1-7. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clearance of magnesium (Mg) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and its influencing factors.

Methods: The demographic information, clinical characteristics and laboratory data of the patients were collected. According to the corrected serum Mg (cS-Mg) concentration, patients were divided into 3 groups including hypomagnesemia (Mg2+ < 0. Read More

World J Diabetes 2019 Jan;10(1):16-22

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Texas A and M University, Corpus Christy, TX 78412, United States.

Diabetes affects approximately 30 million persons in the United States. Diabetes ketoacidosis is one of the most serious and acute complications of diabetes. At the time of presentation and during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), several metabolic and electrolyte derangements can ultimately result in respiratory compromise. Read More

J Feline Med Surg 2019 Jan 29:1098612X18823588. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Internal Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science/University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Objectives: Magnesium has been 'the forgotten ion' for many years. Over the past decade, however, the role of magnesium in essential physiological functions and several illness conditions have been elucidated. Nevertheless, the investigation of magnesium in cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and nephrolithiasis is yet to be determined. Read More

Exp Cell Res 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8- 1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan.

Cetuximab, an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor that is used widely to treat human cancers including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), has characteristic side effects of skin rash and hypomagnesemia. However, the mechanisms of and therapeutic agents for skin rashes and hypomagnesemia are still poorly understood. Our gene expression profiling analyses showed that cetuximab activates the p38 MAPK pathways in human skin cells (human keratinocyte cell line [HaCaT]) and inhibits c-Fos-related signals in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Pediatric Nephrology, University Children's Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstrasse 1, 35033, Marburg, Germany.

Background: HNF1B gene mutations are an important cause of bilateral (cystic) dysplasia in children, complicated by chronic renal insufficiency. The clinical variability, the absence of genotype-phenotype correlations, and limited long-term data render counseling of affected families difficult.

Methods: Longitudinal data of 62 children probands with genetically proven HNF1B nephropathy was obtained in a multicenter approach. Read More

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019 Jan 19. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

Department of Pharmacy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture, 411-8777, Japan.

Purpose: Hypomagnesemia is a common side effect of panitumumab. The effect of magnesium-containing supplement as a laxative and concomitant antacid (proton pump inhibitor and histamine H antagonist) administration on panitumumab-induced hypomagnesemia was retrospectively investigated.

Methods: Patients with advanced or recurrent colorectal cancer who received panitumumab were included in this study. Read More

J Diabetes Investig 2019 Jan 13. Epub 2019 Jan 13.

Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Here, we report phenotypic differences and similarities of monozygotic twins with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 5 harboring a partial deletion of chromosome 17q12. The proband and her twin sister manifested complete aplasia and marked hypoplasia, respectively, of the body and tail of the pancreas. Whereas both twins showed marked hypoplasia of the right kidney and multiple cysts in both kidneys, only the proband's sister showed hydronephrosis in the left kidney. Read More

Case Rep Med 2018 29;2018:1980638. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, The Academic Hospital of Duisburg-Essen University, Mülheimer Strasse 83, 46045 Oberhausen, Germany.

Background: Hypomagnesemia can cause various unspecific neurological complications, which can lead to diagnostic confusion. One of these complications is the posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), which is extremely uncommon and has been reported only twice in the English-language literature.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 60-year-old man who presented with PRES involving only the cerebellar hemispheres and associated with hypomagnesemia. Read More

Head Neck 2019 Jan 10. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.

Background: We have previously shown an association between hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy. However, little is known regarding the trend in magnesium levels in the days after thyroidectomy. Our objective was to study this trend in magnesium levels after thyroidectomy. Read More

JCI Insight 2019 Jan 10;4(1). Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, the Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

In heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), the majority of patients have hypomagnesemia, and magnesium (Mg) supplementation has improved cardiac function and insulin resistance. Recently, we have shown that DM can cause cardiac diastolic dysfunction (DD). Therefore, we hypothesized that Mg supplementation would improve diastolic function in DM. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2019 Jan 7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

We present a case of a 20-month-old girl who presented to the emergency department with anorexia, progressive weakness, and lethargy who was found to have severe hypercalcemia (20.7 mg/dL) and vitamin D hypervitaminosis. Further questioning revealed that this was secondary to a subacute toxic ingestion of "L'il Critters" calcium and vitamin D3 gummy vitamins that were being administered by the patient's mother multiple times a day for several weeks or even months. Read More

BMC Med Genet 2019 Jan 8;20(1). Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Carretera del Rosario 145, 38010, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.

Background: Familial hypomagnesaemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis type 1 is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by excessive renal magnesium and calcium excretion, bilateral nephrocalcinosis, and progressive chronic renal failure. This rare disease is caused by mutations in CLDN16 that encodes claudin-16, a tight-junction protein involved in paracellular reabsorption of magnesium and calcium in the renal tubule. Most of these variants are located in exons and have been classified as missense mutations. Read More

Kidney Int Rep 2019 Jan 28;4(1):119-125. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

Introduction: Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a tubulopathy exhibited by salt loss. GS cases are most often diagnosed by chance blood test. Aside from that, some cases are also diagnosed from tetanic symptoms associated with hypokalemia and/or hypomagnesemia or short stature. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Dec 27;18(1):698. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

The Rappaport's Faculty of Medicine, The Technion Institute, Haifa, Israel.

Background: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common illness affecting hundreds of millions worldwide. Few studies have investigated the relationship between serum magnesium levels and outcomes of these patients. We aimed to study the association between serum magnesium levels and 30-day mortality among patients with CAP. Read More

Curr Opin Pediatr 2018 Dec 21. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Electrolyte abnormalities posttransplant are common occurrences that can have significant short-term and long-term effects on graft outcome and patient quality of life. Understanding the pathophysiology of these electrolyte derangements can help guide management to optimize bone health and minimize cardiovascular disease. This review explores the pathogenesis of the most common postrenal transplant electrolytes abnormalities as well as current treatment options. Read More

Seizure 2019 Feb 4;65:176. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Messerli Institute, Vterinary University of Vienna, Postfach 20, 1180, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:

Clin Nutr 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Nutrition & Healthcare Alliance, Willy Brandtlaan 10, 6716 RP Ede, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

Background: Hypomagnesemia has been associated with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other disorders. Drug use has been suggested as one of the risk factors for low magnesium (Mg) levels. In the elderly population, prone to polypharmacy and inadequate Mg intake, hypomagnesemia might be relevant. Read More

Gene 2019 Mar 18;689:227-234. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Unidad de Investigacion, Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. Electronic address:

Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis is an autosomal-recessive renal tubular disorder characterized by excessive urinary losses of magnesium and calcium, bilateral nephrocalcinosis and progressive chronic renal failure in childhood or adolescence. The disease is caused by mutations in the tight-junction proteins claudin-16 and claudin-19 that are encoded by the CLDN16 and CLDN19 genes, respectively. Patients with CLDN19 mutations also are affected with severe ocular abnormalities. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(51):e13717

Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou.

Background: We performed a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy and non-anti-EGFR therapy in recurrent/metastatic (RM) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods: The Cochrane library, WanFang Data, PubMed, Medline, VIP, CBM, and EBSCO databases were searched for relevant studies. The objective response rate (ORR, defined as complete response or partial response according to RECTST version 1. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2018 Dec 17;19(1):362. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

The Endocrinology Department of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, China.

Background: Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal recessive renal tubular disease, caused by mutations in the SLC12A3 gene, which encodes the renal thiazide-sensitive Na/Cl cotransporter (NCCT) in the distal renal tubule.

Case Presentation: A 23-year-old woman was admitted with limb numbness, recurrent tetany and palpitation. Laboratory tests showed hypokalemic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia and secondary hyperaldosteronism, as well as hypocalciuria and transient decreased PTH. Read More

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Center for Malignant Diseases, Emek Medical Center, 21 Yitzhak Rabin Blvd, 1834111, Afula, Israel.

Introduction: In a previous study, we found that co-administration of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with cetuximab was associated with increased skin toxicity. Both these drugs can induce hypomagnesemia. The aim of this study was to retrospectively explore the possible influence of PPI drugs on cetuximab skin toxicity and the potential synergistic effect of hypomagnesemia. Read More

Neurol India 2018 Nov-Dec;66(6):1795-1800

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, BL Kapur Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi, India; Epilepsy Program, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

a Department of Neurology and Psychiatry , Assiut University Hospital , Assiut , Egypt.

Introduction: Uremic syndrome of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a term used to describe clinical, metabolic and hormonal abnormalities associated with progressive kidney failure. It is a rapidly growing public health problem worldwide. Nervous system complications occur in every patient with uremic syndrome of CKD. Read More

Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Sep-Oct;33(5):448-453

Department of Anesthesiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Objective: Cardiac arrhythmias are a common challenge following open-heart surgeries. Hypomagnesemia is believed to be correlated with this condition. Prophylactic intravenous magnesium supplementation has been practiced for a long time in patients undergoing CABG. Read More

Acta Clin Belg 2018 Nov 27:1-5. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

c Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp , Edegem.

Objectives: Water and electrolytes disturbances often occur in renal transplant recipients. The objective is to describe the pathophysiology and the treatment of the most prevalent abnormalities.

Methods: We screened PubMed for the following words in various combination: kidney transplantation and (disturbances or abnormalities) of (electrolytes or sodium or potassium or phosphate or calcium or acid-base). Read More

J Biochem 2018 Nov 22. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Cellular Regulation, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University.

Cyclin M (CNNM) family proteins are evolutionarily conserved Mg2+ transporters. They extrude Mg2+ from cells and maintain intracellular Mg2+ levels within the normal range. Moreover, they play an important role in Mg2+ (re)absorption in the intestine and kidney by mediating the directional transport of Mg2+ across epithelial tissue from the tubular lumen to the body inside. Read More

Transplant Proc 2018 Dec 9;50(10):3381-3385. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; Organ Transplant Institute of People's Liberation Army, Beijing Key Laboratory of Immunology Regulatory and Organ Transplantation, the 309th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Background: Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a frequent metabolic complication following solid organ transplantation and was proven to be associated with adverse outcome. This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of PTDM under the background of relative-living renal transplantation in China.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included 358 recipients who underwent relative-living donor kidney transplantation in the Organ Transplant Institute of 309th Hospital of People's Liberation Army between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014. Read More

Urolithiasis 2019 Feb 23;47(1):115-123. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

UOC Nefrologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Deciding whether to accept a donor with nephrolithiasis is a multifaceted task because of the challenge of finding enough suitable donors while at the same time ensuring the safety of both donors and recipients. Until not long ago, donors with a history of renal stones or with stones emerging during screening on imaging were not considered ideal, but recent guidelines have adopted less stringent criteria for potential donors at risk of stones. This review goes through the problems that need to be approached to arrive at a wise clinical decision, balancing the safety of donors and recipients with the need to expand the organ pool. Read More

J Pediatr 2018 12;203:391-399.e1

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

Objective: To determine whether multiple daily injections of parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1-34 are safe and effective as long-term therapy for children with hypoparathyroidism.

Study Design: Linear growth, bone accrual, renal function, and mineral homeostasis were studied in a long-term observational study of PTH 1-34 injection therapy in 14 children.

Methods: Subjects were 14 children with hypoparathyroidism attributable to autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (N = 5, ages 7-12 years) or calcium receptor mutation (N = 9, ages 7-16 years). Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 Nov 21. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.

Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) drugs including erlotinib cause a side effect of hypomagnesemia. In lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells, anticancer agents such as cisplatin and doxorubicin dose-dependently increased toxicity, but the effects were significantly suppressed by culturing the cells in low Mg -containing media. To obtain the maximum effect in cancer chemotherapy, it should be necessary to prevent the reduction of body Mg content. Read More

eNeurologicalSci 2018 Dec 2;13:24-25. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States.

Hypercalcemia from tumors has been associated with Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) but the mechanism remains unclear. In this article, we describe a case of PRES caused by hypercalcemia from lymphoma. We summarize the available scientific evidence linking hypercalcemia to failure of cerebral autoregulation and potentially PRES. Read More

Pediatr Clin North Am 2019 02;66(1):121-134

Department of Pediatrics, Inova Children's Hospital, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Pediatric Specialists of Virginia, 3023 Hamaker Court, Suite 600, Fairfax, VA 22031, USA; Virginia Commonwealth School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA. Electronic address:

Bartter and Gitelman syndromes are conditions characterized by renal salt-wasting. Clinical presentations range from severe antenatal disease to asymptomatic with incidental diagnosis. Hypokalemic hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis is the common feature. Read More

An Sist Sanit Navar 2018 Dec 26;41(3):393-396. Epub 2018 Dec 26.

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Michaelis-Manz syndrome is an autosomal recessive hereditary tubulopathy associated with mutations in the tight-junction proteins claudin-16 and claudin-19, which are present in the distal convoluted tubule and the loop of Henle in the kidney. Claudin-19 is also expressed in the retinal pigmentary epithelium. The clinical picture causes hypomagnesemia, hyper-calciuria and nephrocalcinosis that can lead to renal failure, which is the condition that marks the prognosis of the disease. Read More

Pflugers Arch 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Solute carrier family 41 member A1 (SLC41A1) has been suggested to mediate magnesium (Mg) transport by several in vitro studies. However, the physiological function of SLC41A1 remains to be elucidated. In this study, cellular Mg transport assays combined with zebrafish slc41a1 knockdown experiments were performed to disclose SLC41A1 function and its physiological relevance. Read More

Case Rep Oncol Med 2018 14;2018:2059364. Epub 2018 Oct 14.

Division of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University School of Medicine, USA.

Background: Denosumab has become the preferred agent over zolendronic acid to help prevent skeletal-related events in patients with metastatic bone disease and multiple myeloma because it is approved for use in those with kidney dysfunction. However, denosumab has been linked to cases of hypocalcemia, particularly in those with advanced kidney disease.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a patient with metastatic prostate cancer and chronic kidney disease due to obstructive nephropathy who developed severe hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia after denosumab injection, which required intensive care unit admission, aggressive calcium supplementation, and hemodialysis assistance. Read More

Rom J Anaesth Intensive Care 2018 Oct;25(2):111-116

Tampa General Hospital, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, USA.

Background And Aims: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia seen clinically. Due to the lack of literature and guidelines on maternal AF as a postoperative complication following cesarean delivery (CD), we undertook a study to characterize parturients who developed AF following CD and to evaluate arrhythmia management and outcomes in this patient population.

Methods: After receiving ethics committee approval, a retrospective chart review was performed to determine the incidence, possible risk factors, treatment, and outcome of women who developed AF following CD performed between 2003 and 2012 at New York Methodist Hospital in Brooklyn, New York. Read More

Trends Cardiovasc Med 2018 Oct 21. Epub 2018 Oct 21.

Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS INRCA), Ancona, Cosenza, Italy.

The introduction of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has been a cornerstone in the treatment of acid-related disorders, such as gastroesophageal reflux and peptic ulcer, and their use has increased rapidly during the last decades. Being highly lipophilic drugs, they may potentially affect several pathophysiological pathways involved in cardiovascular and kidney morbidity, immune response and infections, absorption of selected nutrients, bone metabolism and cognitive function. Clinical epidemiology evidence coming from well-designed analyses of observational data consistently reported that long-term use of PPIs may increase the risk of cardiovascular events among patients treated with thienopyridines, tubular-interstitial nephritis and chronic kidney disease, hypomagnesemia, and fractures. Read More

Am J Hum Genet 2018 Nov;103(5):808-816

Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Münster 48149, Germany.

Over the last decades, a growing spectrum of monogenic disorders of human magnesium homeostasis has been clinically characterized, and genetic studies in affected individuals have identified important molecular components of cellular and epithelial magnesium transport. Here, we describe three infants who are from non-consanguineous families and who presented with a disease phenotype consisting of generalized seizures in infancy, severe hypomagnesemia, and renal magnesium wasting. Seizures persisted despite magnesium supplementation and were associated with significant intellectual disability. Read More

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2018 Oct;45(10):1435-1440

Dept. of Pharmacy, The Jikei University Hospital.

Hypomagnesemia caused by panitumumab can often lead to severe adverse effects, such as arrhythmia. However, the risk factors are still controversial. To clarify the risk factors and time to onset of panitumumab-induced hypomagnesemia, we retrospectively investigated the records of 30 patients who had received panitumumab. Read More

Curr Diabetes Rev 2018 Oct 25. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

University of Kufa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy. Iraq.

Background: Nowadays, there is an accumulated data about the relation between hypomagnesemia (low Serum Mg level < 0.7 mmol/l) and diabetes.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in a carefully diagnosed diabetes patients and to show how some factors could contribute to the prevalence of low serum Mg level among the population under study. Read More

Cureus 2018 Aug 20;10(8):e3167. Epub 2018 Aug 20.

Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/Queens Hospital Center, New York, USA.

Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma is uncommon and usually secreting nor-epinephrine. We are presenting a possible case of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma in a 68-year-old male who was admitted to Queens Hospital Center complaining of shortness of breath for two days. Physical examination was unremarkable except tachycardia. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2018 Oct 19;19(1):275. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Department of Nephrology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Gucui Road, No.234, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.

Background: Gitelman syndrome is an autosomal recessive inherited renal disorder characterized by hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria. Since the symptoms are not severe and laboratory results are not always clear, Gitelman syndrome can go unnoticed by physicians. Here, we report our experiences with a patient that presented with hypokalemia and proteinuria; genetic analysis revealed a new homozygous mutation in the SLC12A3 gene. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2018 2;5:261. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.

Kidney transplantation is the current treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease. Innovations in transplantation and immunosuppression regimens have greatly improved the renal allograft survival. Based on recently published data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant recipients, prevalence of kidney transplants is steadily rising in the United States. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 24;9:559. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Traditional clinical diagnostic criteria for Gitelman syndrome (GS) including hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria have been challenged by reports of atypical manifestations recently, as well as the development of genetic testing. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) test is a diagnostic method different from the traditional biochemical parameters, which could evaluate the function of thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride co-transporter (NCC) by a small dose of NCC inhibitor HCT. In this retrospective study, we compared the diagnostic significance of hypomagnesemia, hypocalciuria, and the reaction of HCT test, among Chinese patients with GS confirmed by genetic test. Read More