J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2018 Apr 24. Epub 2018 Apr 24.

Elixir Fertility Centre, New Delhi, India.

Hyperemesis gravidarum is persistent vomiting, seen more often in the first trimester of pregnancy, when the patient is unable to maintain adequate hydration. Intractable vomiting can lead to severe electrolyte imbalance, which may cause electrocardiogram abnormalities. Occasionally, ventricular tachycardia can complicate a pregnancy. Read More

J Clin Gastroenterol 2018 Apr 17. Epub 2018 Apr 17.

Division of Gastroenterology.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medicines and are the mainstay of treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Recently, there has been an increase in the use of these medicines for unclear and inappropriate indications. Although generally well tolerated and considered to be safe, several observational studies have linked PPI use with a variety of conditions such as pneumonia, Clostridium difficile infection, fractures, hypomagnesemia, and dementia. Read More

Eur J Rheumatol 2018 Mar 29;5(1):53-57. Epub 2017 Aug 29.

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.

Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease, also known as pseudogout, is one of the most common forms of inflammatory arthritis. A variety of comorbidities and metabolic conditions have been recognized to predispose to CPPD. We describe here a patient with chronic CPP arthritis due to hypomagnesemia, which is one of the metabolic etiologies associated with CPPD, especially in younger patients. Read More

J Transl Med 2018 Apr 12;16(1):99. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.

Background: Human tissues are invaluable resources for researchers worldwide. Biobanks are repositories of such human tissues and can have a strategic importance for genetic research, clinical care, and future discoveries and treatments. One of the aims of Qatar Biobank is to improve the understanding and treatment of common diseases afflicting Qatari population such as obesity and diabetes. Read More

Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018 Apr 25:1-7. Epub 2018 Apr 25.

b Pharmalyte Solutions, LLC , Southlake , TX , USA.

Objective: To assess the absolute bioavailability of 20 mEq magnesium lactate extended-release (ER) caplets and to assess the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of these ER caplets.

Significance: Magnesium in different salt forms is available as over-the-counter oral formulations. The absorption and bioavailability is highly affected by the water solubility of the salt form. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2018 Apr 10. Epub 2018 Apr 10.

Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.

Background: In our clinical experience, we have encountered patients who developed hypomagnesemia after the introduction of teriparatide. Some trials have reported hypomagnesemia as an adverse event during teriparatide treatment, but this issue had never been studied specifically.

Methods: Our objective was twofold: (1) determine the incidence of hypomagnesemia (serum magnesium < 0. Read More

Ther Drug Monit 2018 Apr 3. Epub 2018 Apr 3.

Unit of Clinical Pharmacokinetics (Dr. Riva, PharmD Cáceres Guido, Dr. Schaiquevich); Liver Transplant Service (Dr. Dip, Dr. Halac, Dr. Imventarza); Laboratory (Licciardone); Microbiology Service (Borgnia); Pathology Service (Dr. Bosaleh, Dr. Teresa de Davila), Hospital de Pediatría JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire à Limoges, Limoges, France (Dr. Woillard). Basic Science-Mathematics, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Buenos Aires, Argentina (BSc Chan). Pharmacology Department, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina (Dr. Buendia). National Scientific and Technical Research Council, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Dr. Schaiquevich).

Background: Despite advances in surgical procedures and the optimization of immunosuppressive therapies in pediatric liver transplantation, acute rejection (AR) and serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) to tacrolimus still contribute to morbidity and mortality. Identifying risk factors of safety and efficacy parameters may help in optimizing individual immunosuppressive therapies. This study aimed to identify peritransplant predictors of AR and factors related to the risk of ADR to tacrolimus in a large Latin-American cohort of pediatric liver transplant patients. Read More

J Intensive Care 2018 27;6:21. Epub 2018 Mar 27.

2Section for Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Background: Magnesium (Mg) is essential for life and plays a crucial role in several biochemical and physiological processes in the human body. Hypomagnesemia is common in all hospitalized patients, especially in critically ill patients with coexisting electrolyte abnormalities. Hypomagnesemia may cause severe and potential fatal complications if not timely diagnosed and properly treated, and associate with increased mortality. Read More

Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2018 Apr 1:e1-e3. Epub 2018 Apr 1.

Division of General Surgery (Thyroid and Endocrine Surgery), University Surgical Cluster, Department of Surgery, National University Health System , Singapore.

Pseudogout, also known as calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, is a rheumatological condition arising from accumulation of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in connective tissues. We present a case of a 56-year-old Bangladeshi woman who underwent focused right inferior parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism from a right inferior parathyroid adenoma. On the first post-operative day, she complained of left elbow painful swelling with redness and warmth. Read More

Contrib Nephrol 2018 29;194:109-117. Epub 2018 Mar 29.

The various complications of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are mostly preventable. Hemodynamic disturbances are dominated by hypotension due to the modification of volume status, myocardial dysfunction, cardiac arrhythmia, or modification of systemic vascular resistances, which are correlated with body temperature changes. Metabolic complications remain at the forefront and have profoundly changed with the use of regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA). Read More

Pediatr Transplant 2018 Mar 27:e13170. Epub 2018 Mar 27.

Department of Nephrology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.

We sought to investigate whether magnesium oxide bound to soy protein (MGP) increases serum magnesium concentrations with less diarrhea compared to commonly prescribed magnesium salts. Subjects were switched to MGP at a near-equivalent daily elemental magnesium dose. Mean serum magnesium levels were compared. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2018 Mar 25. Epub 2018 Mar 25.

Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China.

Background: This study was conducted to assess the adverse reactions caused by multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment of gastrointestinal tumors.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective study of drug-related adverse reactions in 115 patients who were treated with sorafenib, sunitinib, and imatinib for primary hepatocellular carcinoma or gastrointestinal stromal tumors from October 2003 to March 2012 at the Peking University International Hospital.

Results: The total incidence of adverse reactions of sorafenib, sunitinib, and imatinib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors was > 80%. Read More

J Vet Cardiol 2018 Mar 21. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

Servei de Medicina Interna Equina, Unitat Equina, Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Two horses referred to the Unitat Equina, Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, for unrelated clinical problems, and with no previous history of cardiac disease exhibited an intermittent ventricular pre-excitation electrocardiographic pattern during hospitalization. Both animals showed decreased plasma total and ionized magnesium concentrations, but no other relevant electrolyte disturbances were detected. Altered interventricular septal motion associated with ventricular pre-excitation beats (VPBs) was detected on M-mode echocardiography in both horses. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2017 Oct-Dec;6(4):862-864

Department of Neurology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.

Hypothyroidism and distal renal tubular acidosis causing hypokalemic paralysis (HP) have been described only in four female patients. HP as the initial manifestation of uncomplicated diabetes has been reported only in three young males. We report two middle-aged patients presenting with gradual-onset areflexic quadriparesis and neck flop, associated with urinary potassium losses, and recovering over 3 days. Read More

Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018 Mar 21. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

Physiology, Radboud university medical centre, Netherlands.

Mutations in HNF1β cause autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD-HNF1β), and patients tend to develop renal cysts, maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), and suffer from electrolyte disturbances, including hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia and hypocalciuria. Previous HNF1β research focused on the renal distal convoluted tubule (DCT) to elucidate the ADTKD-HNF1β electrolyte phenotype, although 70% of Mg2+ is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TAL). An important regulator of Mg2+ reabsorption in the TAL is the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). Read More

Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2018 Mar 16. Epub 2018 Mar 16.

Department of endocrinology and metabolism, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille, France; UMR 1190 translational research in diabetes, Inserm, 59000 Lille, France; EGID (European Genomic Institute for Diabetes), university Lille, 59000 Lille, France. Electronic address:

The purpose of this study was to analyse the characteristics of 6 patients managed in a university hospital between 1996 and 2016 for non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH), a form of hypoglycaemia due to the paraneoplastic secretion of IGF-2 or its related substances.

Results: Three of these 6 patients (50%), aged over 69 years, including 2 with acromegaloid phenotype, presented with a pleural solitary fibrous tumor (SFT), with median diameter 20 cm (interquartile range, 12.5-20. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Mar 7. Epub 2018 Mar 7.

Department of Internal Medicine, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Charleston Division/Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, West Virginia, USA.

Background And Aim: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications worldwide, with dramatic efficacy for upper gastrointestinal acid-related disorders. In recent years, however, the safety of long-term PPI use has been questioned. One issue based on scant and conflicting literature is the possibility of PPI-related hypomagnesemia. Read More

Support Care Cancer 2018 Mar 5. Epub 2018 Mar 5.

Department of Clinical & Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, 1120 15th Street, HM 104, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.

Purpose: Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients often require intravenous (IV) magnesium repletion due to poor dietary intake, gastrointestinal loss, and use of concomitant magnesium wasting medications. Prolonging the IV magnesium infusion rate has been postulated to reduce renal clearance and improve retention; however, limited evidence supports this hypothesis.

Methods: We reviewed autologous and allogeneic HCT recipients (n = 82) who received IV magnesium at our institution between 2014 and 2016: 41 patients received IV magnesium at a prolonged rate of 0. Read More

Neurologist 2018 Mar;23(2):65-66

Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a potentially reversible failure of cerebral autoregulation managed by correction of hypertension or underlying medical condition. Nonresponding cases progress to irreversible brain damage. There is some evidence of association of hypomagnesemia with PRES. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018 Feb 2;23:253-255. Epub 2017 Nov 2.

Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Centre of Toxicology, Lithuania.

Refeeding syndrome, as a life-threatening condition, is well known among severely malnourished or deeply metabolically stressed patients. This case presents an atypical manifestation of the syndrome to a young bodybuilder, whose extreme diet, including 5 months of insufficient nourishment before the sport competition and 6 days of carbohydrates overload afterwards, has led him to a bilateral lower - limb paralysis and drastic homeostatic disturbances. Severe hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia and hyperglycemia with mildly elevated liver enzymes have occurred. Read More

Neurol Sci 2018 Feb 17. Epub 2018 Feb 17.

Department of Neurology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kaga 2-11-1, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.

Med Princ Pract 2018 Feb 18. Epub 2018 Feb 18.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum values of magnesium and the parameters of pulmonary function tests (PFT) in patients with chronic asthma.

Subjects And Methods: This study recruited 50 patients with chronic stable asthma and 40 healthy individuals as a control group. Data on age, sex, severity of asthma, PFT and details of drug therapy were obtained from each group. Read More

CEN Case Rep 2018 May 15;7(1):148-152. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan.

Hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia are frequently observed in patients with chronic alcoholism. However, the involvement of deranged cortisol regulation in patients with those conditions has not been reported. A 63-year-old Japanese male with chronic alcoholism was referred to the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism for examination and treatment of hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Read More

J Pharm Pharm Sci 2018 ;21(1):46-53

Department of Practical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.

Purpose: In order to clarify the occurrence of hypomagnesemia in Japan, we conducted a database search and analysis using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database (JADER).

Methods: Among the cases recorded in JADER between April 2004 and December 2015, we targeted "hypomagnesemia" and analyzed the patients' backgrounds, drug involvement, other adverse events reported with hypomagnesemia, the time of hypomagnesemia onset, outcomes, and year when reported. For drugs with three or more reports, the signal index was calculated using the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) method. Read More

Pediatr Transplant 2018 May 7;22(3):e13159. Epub 2018 Feb 7.

Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Argentina.

Controversy exists whether NE after LT are more frequently observed in children or adults. We aimed to compare the incidence and outcomes for NE after LT in pediatric and adult recipients. A single-center cohort study, including all LT between 2001 and 2013, was performed. Read More

Mayo Clin Proc 2018 Feb;93(2):240-246

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address:

First introduced in 1989, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely utilized medications worldwide, both in the ambulatory and inpatient clinical settings. The PPIs are currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the management of a variety of gastrointestinal disorders including symptomatic peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and nonulcer dyspepsia as well as for prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy. PPIs inhibit gastric acid secretion, and the most commonly associated adverse effects include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and headache. Read More

J Pharm Anal 2017 Oct 22;7(5):332-337. Epub 2017 Mar 22.

Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Magnesium gluconate is a classical organometallic pharmaceutical compound used for the prevention and treatment of hypomagnesemia as a source of magnesium ion. The present research described the in-depth study on solid state properties physicochemical and thermal properties of magnesium gluconate using sophisticated analytical techniques like PXRD, PSA, FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, TGA/DTG, and DSC. Magnesium gluconate was found to be crystalline in nature along with the crystallite size ranging from 14. Read More

Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018 22;14:149-155. Epub 2018 Jan 22.

Department of Functional Sciences.

Background: Gitelman syndrome (GS) is considered as the most common renal tubular disorder, and we report the first Romanian patient with GS confirmed at molecular level and diagnosed according to genetic testing.

Patient And Methods: This paper describes the case of a 27-year-old woman admitted with severe hypokalemia, slight hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, hypocalciuria, metabolic alkalosis, hyperreninemia, low blood pressure, limb muscle weakness, marked fatigue and palpitations. Family history revealed a consanguineous family with autosomal-recessive transmission of GS with two cases over five generations. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Feb 1;8(1):2047. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.

Hypomagnesemia is a recognized side-effect of cetuximab- or panitumumab-based chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The clinical relevance of hypomagnesemia is under debate. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis of retrospective studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing hypomagnesemia with normal magnesium levels in wild-type KRAS mCRC was performed. Read More

Am J Kidney Dis 2018 Feb;71(2):A12-A14

Division of Nephrology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Electronic address:

J Physiol 2018 Mar 31;596(5):753-754. Epub 2018 Jan 31.

Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

BMC Med Genet 2018 Jan 29;19(1):17. Epub 2018 Jan 29.

Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, 3 East Qing Chun Road, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310016, China.

Background: Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by genic mutations of SLC12A3 (Solute carrier family 12 member 3), which encodes the Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC), and presents with characteristic metabolic abnormalities, including hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria. In this study, we report a case of a GS pedigree, including analysis of GS-associated gene mutations.

Methods: We performed next-generation sequencing analysis and Sanger sequencing to explore the SLC12A3 mutations in a GS pedigree that included a 35-year-old female patient with GS and five family members within three generations. Read More

Acta Cardiol Sin 2018 Jan;34(1):92-95

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey.

Gitelman syndrome (GS) is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis in combination with significant hypomagnesemia and low urinary calcium excretion. The symptoms and severity of the disease can vary greatly from one person to another and can range from mild to severe. Sudden cardiac arrest has been reported occasionally as well. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2018 Jan 19. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in children with mild persistent asthma and to correlate the serum magnesium levels with symptom control in the above children.

Methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out from 1st April 2015 to 31st July 2016 at the department of Pediatrics, JIPMER Hospital. Participants included six to 12-y-old children with mild persistent asthma registered at childhood asthma clinic. Read More

Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2017 Oct;11(4):262-267

Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective role of short hydration against nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin (CDDP). Twenty-two patients (13 men and 9 women) under CDDP therapy were enrolled in this retrospective study between 2009 and 2014. The CDDP was given in 500 ml of isotonic solution, and before and after CDDP administration, the patients received 10mEq potassium chloride15% and 1gr magnesium sulfate in 1000 ml isotonic saline. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Dec;96(48):e8972

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China.

Rationale: Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is a highly corrosive agent and can cause corrosive burns. HF can penetrate deeply into tissues through intact skin and the lipid barrier, leading to painful liquefactive necrosis, and inducing hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia. In this study, we hypothesize that continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) may be beneficial in addressing hemodynamic instability in cases of HF poisoning. Read More

Magnes Res 2017 Aug;30(3):98-105

PEPITE EA4267, laboratoire de toxicologie cellulaire, Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β) is a transcription factor that is involved in embryonic development and tissue-specific gene expression in several organs, including the kidney and the liver. HNF1β mutations are associated with hypomagnesemia and renal magnesium wasting; however, to date, the exact molecular mechanism involved in this regulation is unclear. Furthermore, it is not known whether the Mg concentration could per se participate to this regulation by modifying HNF1β expression. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2018 Mar 12;36(3):529.e1-529.e2. Epub 2017 Dec 12.

Division of Medical Toxicology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103, USA.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA) is a carboxylic acid, similar to acetic acid, used industrially and in laboratories. There is a paucity of data regarding exposure and the concern is that toxicity may mimic that of hydrofluoric acid (HF), causing electrolyte abnormalities, dysrhythmia, and cardiac arrest. We report a case of a 27-year-old male that presents with a dermal exposure to TFAA. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2018 04 16;85(4):307-308. Epub 2017 Dec 16.

KLE University, Belgaum, Karnataka, India.

A one-year prospective study on developmentally normal children between 1-mo to 2-y with seizures was done to study the prevalence of hypocalcemia. The contribution of hypovitaminosis-D to hypocalcemia was also studied. Of 78 infants (51 boys) enrolled, 18 (23. Read More

Blood Purif 2018 14;45(1-3):110-117. Epub 2017 Dec 14.

Background/aims: Both hypomagnesemia and hypermagnesemia have been associated with cardiovascular diseases, bone diseases, and mortality in dialysis patients. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of and influencing factors for abnormal serum Mg levels in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods: A cross-sectional study in Peking University People's Hospital recorded the demographic information, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2017 Nov 24. Epub 2017 Nov 24.

Department of Surgery, Division of Paediatric Urology, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.

Background: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is an uncommon chronic destructive granulomatous inflammation of the kidney. It was first described in 1916, and is thought to affect 6/1000 cases of pyelonephritis. Its manifestations are varied, and with a limited number of cases in the literature, the optimal diagnosis and management of XGP in the paediatric cohort is still unknown. Read More

Georgian Med News 2017 Nov(272):118-127

Republic of Kazakhstan, Semey State Medical University, Department of aftergraduated and additional education.

The frequency of the combination of congenital heart defects (CHD) and connective tissue dysplasia remains poorly understood. And connective tissue dysplasia enhance severity the clinical of CHD. The aim of the study was to conduct a clinical and laboratory analysis of combinations of congenital heart defects and connective tissue dysplasia in children of Semey and to determine the risk for the development of these pathologies. Read More

Curr Drug Metab 2018 ;19(2):142-154

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Objective: We aimed at summarizing current evidence about mechanisms for potentially harmful effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs).

Methods: A Pubmed search was performed, and 207 studies concerning the relationship between use of PPIs and cardiovascular diseases, kidney impairment, nutritional disorders, fractures, infections, functional decline, and mortality were selected and reviewed.

Results: PPIs may cause potentially harmful effects by several mechanisms, including endothelial dysfunction, hypomagnesemia, drug interactions, reduced absorption of selected nutrients, increased gastric microbiota and small intestine bacterial overgrowth, reduced immune response, tubular-interstitial inflammation, increased bone turnover, accumulation of amyloid in the brain. Read More

Turk J Gastroenterol 2017 12;28(Suppl 1):S57-S60

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey

The meta-analyses of observational studies (OBS) showed the risk of any fracture and hip fracture slightly increased with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment depending on the dose and regardless of time. This was not observed with histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RA). The risk of bacterial overgrowth and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis were increased with PPI therapy, but not with H2RA. Read More

Kidney Blood Press Res 2017 27;42(6):974-982. Epub 2017 Nov 27.

Background/aims: Maternal hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor to renal injury in rat pups at adulthood, especially if they feed a cholesterol-enriched diet after weaning. However, the renal function of male pups of dams with hypercholesterolemia (PH) that were fed a regular chow from weaning to adulthood needs investigation, particularly those exposed to an adverse risk such as nicotine.

Methods: We evaluated the renal function of PH animals and we compared the data with those found in male pups of control dams (PC) at 3- and 6-month-old by inulin clearance. Read More

Nephron 2018 30;138(2):113-118. Epub 2017 Oct 30.

Department of Medicine E, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Background: Hypomagnesemia is a known predisposing condition for the appearance of digitalis toxicity. The detection of a genetic form of Mg urinary wasting with hypomagnesemia being caused by a mutation in the γ subunit (FXYD2) of the Na,K-ATPase, the pharmacological target of Digoxin, prompted us to investigate whether Digoxin administration increases urinary Mg excretion.

Methods: Two groups of subjects, with rapid atrial fibrillation, received intravenous Digoxin (n = 9) or verapamil (n = 8), for heart rate control. Read More

Nephron 2018 23;138(2):89-91. Epub 2017 Nov 23.

Department of Clinical and experimental Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

In a recent issue of Nephron, Abu-Amer et al.[1] reported the presence of hypermagnesuria in patients following acute intravenous administration of digoxin and suggested that the Na+/K+-ATPase γ-subunit, which is the pharmacological target of digoxin, can play a role in this process. Hypermagnesuria induced by digoxin may have important clinical consequences, particularly in the presence of inherited and acquired conditions associated with hypermagnesuria and hypomagnesemia. Read More

Surgery 2018 Feb 14;163(2):367-372. Epub 2017 Nov 14.

Department of Endocrine Surgery, Madras Medical College and Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai, India.

Background: Hungry bone syndrome is a well-established cause of postoperative hypocalcemia in thyrotoxicosis. To date, the incidence of hungry bone syndrome after total thyroidectomy is unclear. This prospective study examined the incidence of postthyroidectomy hungry bone syndrome and its correlation with preoperative bone mineral density. Read More

Sci Rep 2017 Nov 15;7(1):15623. Epub 2017 Nov 15.

Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Deptartment of Pharmacology, Piscataway, 08854, USA.

In humans, germline mutations in Trpm6 cause autosomal dominant hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia disorder. Loss of Trpm6 in mice also perturbs cellular magnesium homeostasis but additionally results in early embryonic lethality and neural tube closure defects. To define the mechanisms by which TRPM6 influences neural tube closure, we functionally characterized the role of TRPM6 during early embryogenesis in Xenopus laevis. Read More

Kidney Int 2018 Mar 10;93(3):580-588. Epub 2017 Nov 10.

Institute of Physiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany. Electronic address:

The tight junction proteins claudin-10 and -16 are crucial for the paracellular reabsorption of cations along the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop in the kidney. In patients, mutations in CLDN16 cause familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis, while mutations in CLDN10 impair kidney function. Mice lacking claudin-16 display magnesium and calcium wasting, whereas absence of claudin-10 results in hypermagnesemia and interstitial nephrocalcinosis. Read More