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PLoS One 2019 22;14(2):e0212488. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

UCSF Center for Vulnerable Populations, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America.

Limited health literacy is a barrier to optimal healthcare delivery and outcomes. Current measures requiring patients to self-report limitations are time-consuming and may be considered intrusive by some. This makes widespread classification of patient health literacy challenging. Read More

J Hosp Med 2019 Feb 20;14:E1-E4. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

King's Insulin Safety Group, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Hypoglycemia is a serious complication following treatment of hyperkalemia with intravenous insulin. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of hypoglycemia (≤3.9 mmol/l, 70 mg/dL) and severe hypoglycemia (<3. Read More

Diabetes Obes Metab 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Aims: In patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high cardiovascular risk, the cardiovascular safety of insulin degludec (degludec) and insulin glargine 100 units/mL (glargine U100) has been established, as has the superior efficacy of liraglutide versus placebo on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality. Here, the associations with risk of MACE and mortality are compared between liraglutide versus no liraglutide use in the Trial Comparing Cardiovascular Safety of Insulin Degludec versus Insulin Glargine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at High Risk of Cardiovascular Events (DEVOTE; NCT01959529).

Materials And Methods: Patients with T2D and high cardiovascular risk were randomized 1:1 to degludec or glargine U100. Read More

Prim Care Diabetes 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Road, Leicester, LE5 4PW, United Kingdom.

Diabetes in later life is associated with a range of factors increasing the complexity of glycaemic management. This position statement, developed from an extensive literature review of the subject area, represents a consensus opinion of primary care clinicians and diabetes specialists. It highlights many challenges facing older people living with type 2 diabetes and aims to support primary care clinicians in advocating a comprehensive, holistic approach. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Yale University, School of Nursing.

Only 14% of young adults with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) achieve targets for glycemic control (HbA1C < 7.0%), with deterioration over time. Complex cognitive processes required to manage glycemia are vulnerable to sleep deficiency. Read More

Crit Care Med 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Division of Medical Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.

Objectives: Previous studies report worse short-term outcomes with hypoglycemia in critically ill children. These studies relied on intermittent blood glucose measurements, which may have introduced detection bias. We analyzed data from the Heart And Lung Failure-Pediatric INsulin Titration trial to determine the association of hypoglycemia with adverse short-term outcomes in critically ill children. Read More

Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

a The Rose Salter Medical Research Foundation.

Introduction: Although premixed fixed ratio NPH insulin products are commonly used in type 2 diabetes patients, the advent of Glargine insulin which cannot be formulated together with a rapid acting insulin (basal-bolus) has largely eliminated premixed insulin from use in type 1 diabetes. Degludec insulin can be formulated together with Aspart insulin in a 70/30 fixed ratio product. We review the potential use of Degludec-Aspart in type 1 diabetes. Read More

Diabetes Ther 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan.

Introduction: Despite the widespread use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1ras) to improve glycemic regulation, with a low risk of hypoglycemia and weight reduction, their effectiveness varies among individuals. This study aimed to identify predictors of the efficacy of GLP-1ra on Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with insulin-independent diabetes.

Methods: In total, 58 patients with insulin-independent diabetes were included. Read More

Diabetes Ther 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Internal Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.

Introduction: Despite the continuously growing number of therapeutic options for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a large percentage of these individuals fail to achieve their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) target. The aim of this study was to determine the change in metabolic control in insulin-naïve T2DM patients inadequately controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) at 6 months after initiating basal insulin treatment as add-on to existing OADs.

Methods: This was a non-interventional prospective study conducted from June 2013 to December 2014 in 137 centers in the Czech Republic under routine clinical practice conditions. Read More

J Endocr Soc 2019 Mar 8;3(3):537-543. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.

Doege-Potter syndrome with acromegaloid facial changes is extremely rare. Uncooked cornstarch along with glucocorticoids have been used as supportive care in patients with non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH). Preoperative embolization of hepatic solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) with NICTH has yielded unsatisfactory results. Read More

Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019 Feb 21:ATVBAHA119310961. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

From the Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York.

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with types 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus. Although beneficial roles for strict control of hyperglycemia have been suggested, such a strategy is not without liabilities. Specifically, the risk of hypoglycemia and its consequences remain an omnipresent threat with such approaches. Read More

Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2018 ;2018(3):126-134

Chair and Department of Pediatrics, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland.

Hypoglycaemia unawareness, defined at the onset of neuroglycopenia before the appearance of autonomic warning symptoms, is an serious problem in type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is often caused by recurrent or severe hypoglycaemia, which leads to the failure of the autonomic nervous system (hypoglycaemia-associated autonomic failure - HAAF). The hypoglycaemia awareness can be restored by avoiding episodes of hypoglycaemia. Read More

Diabetes Technol Ther 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Paediatric Diabetes, Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust, Ormskirk, United Kingdom.

Background: There is limited published evidence regarding the psychological effect of use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the pediatric population with type 1 diabetes mellitus on metabolic control, fear of hypoglycemia, and patient or carer well-being. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CGM on patient and carer well-being, worry, fear of hypoglycemia, and glycemic control.

Methods: Children aged >12 years independently completed the hypoglycemia fear survey (HFS). Read More

Diabetes Obes Metab 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.

Patients with gastric bypass surgery (GB) have enhanced postprandial hyperinsulinemia and incretin effect. Here we sought to determine the effect of vagal activation, a neural component of the enteroinsular axis, on postprandial glucose metabolism in patients with and without hypoglycemia after GB. Seven subjects with documented post-GB hypoglycemia (HGB), 7 GB subjects without hypoglycemia (AGB), and 10 weight-matched non-surgical controls with normal glucose tolerance (CN) were recruited. Read More

Diabetes Technol Ther 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

4 HEVA HEOR, Lyon, France.

Background: Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems combine continuous glucose monitoring with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) to continuously self-adjust basal insulin delivery. Relative to CSII, HCL improves glycemic control and reduces the risk of hypoglycemia but has higher acquisition costs. The aim of this analysis was to assess the cost-effectiveness of the MiniMed™ 670G HCL system versus CSII in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Sweden. Read More

Crit Care Clin 2019 Apr 24;35(2):289-300. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, Stockholm, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm 171 76, Sweden. Electronic address:

Glycated hemoglobin A1c can be used to assess intensive care unit patients' level of chronic glycemic control. Compared with patients with normal glycated hemoglobin A1c, patients with elevated glycated hemoglobin A1c seem to better tolerate hyperglycemia and large glucose fluctuations during critical illness. The risks associated with hypoglycemia are markedly greater among patients with elevated glycated hemoglobin A1c. Read More

J Ren Care 2019 Mar;45(1):59-67

Renal Consultant Nurse, East Kent Hospital University Foundation Trust, UK.

Background: Caring for patients with diabetes undergoing dialysis often proves challenging for staff working in haemodialysis units as they are not experts in diabetes and unfamiliar with insulin dosing regimens and the impact dialysis can have on blood sugar levels and lifestyle adjustment. There is a need to improve the knowledge base of renal healthcare professionals to better understand the physiology of diabetes, its relationship with end stage kidney disease, and potential changes that can take place when commencing dialysis.

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to improve the understanding of the epidemiology of diabetes, associated risk factors, and complications associated with combined kidney disease & diabetes. Read More

Acta Diabetol 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Maccabi National Juvenile Diabetes Center, Raanana, Israel.

Aim: To examine the effectiveness and safety over a 12-month period of a telemedicine intervention in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated with insulin pumps.

Methods: 74 T1D patients on insulin pumps for at least 1 year (mean 19.5 [11. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Feb 19;9(2):e023612. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Endocrinology, Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

Objective: To compare pregnancy outcomes in patients with early versus usual gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Settings: The Women's Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar. Read More

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2019 Feb;21(2):114-119

Department of Neonatology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei 230051, China.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for brain injury in preterm infants by a multicenter epidemiological investigation of brain injury in hospitalized preterm infants in Anhui, China.

Methods: Preterm infants who were hospitalized in the department of neonatology in 9 hospitals of Anhui Neonatal Collaboration Network between January 2016 and January 2017 were enrolled as subjects. The data of maternal pregnancy and clinical data of preterm infants were collected, and the logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors for brain injury in preterm infants. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2019 Feb 19;19(1):25. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Internal Medicine 1, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors including nivolumab, an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibody, are recently developed cancer immunotherapy agents. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are known to cause autoimmune-related side effects including endocrine dysfunctions. However, there are few reports on late-onset isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency caused by nivolumab. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2011 Sep;6(5):681-688

a Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, 808 Route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.

Tight glucose control in the intensive care unit was associated with an improved survival in one pioneering study, but this finding was not confirmed in seven other trials. The reasons underlying this discrepancy are not fully elucidated, indicating that an improved understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of blood glucose (BG) regulation is needed. Potential reasons for the discrepancies between the studies also include: case-mix, with different optimal BG in different types of patients; hypoglycemia, which is associated with a poor outcome; and the magnitude of glucose variability. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2010 Nov;5(6):809-823

a Dallas Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Medical City, 7777 Forest Lane C-685, Dallas, TX 75230, USA.

Saxagliptin (Onglyza™, Bristol-Myers Squibb, NJ, USA and AstraZeneca, DE, USA) is a potent, orally active, once-daily dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor that is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise alone, or in combination with metformin, a thiazolidinedione or a sulfonylurea to improve glycemic control in adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. By inhibiting dipeptidyl peptidase-4, saxagliptin increases concentrations of the intact forms of the incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, prolonging their effects. Saxagliptin also improves β-cell function, increases postprandial insulin secretion and reduces postprandial glucagon secretion. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2010 Nov;5(6):799-807

i Endocrinology Department, Barcelona Clinical Hospital, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Liraglutide is the first once-daily human glucagon-like peptide-1 analog available for use in clinical practice. It has recently been approved by the EMA and the US FDA for treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Initial approval is for use in combination with either metformin or a sulfonylurea, or in combination with metformin plus a sulfonylurea or thiazolidinedione. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2010 Jul;5(4):495-505

a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Catanzaro Magna Greacia, viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.

Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disorder characterized by continuous deterioration in β-cell function requiring an escalation of therapeutic efforts in order to maintain glycemic control. Recent studies have demonstrated that the current antidiabetic treatments, including metformin, sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones, are not durable, resulting in an increase of hemoglobin A over time with all three therapies. Many current antidiabetic treatments (sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones and insulin) are associated with the undesirable feature of weight gain. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2009 Nov;4(6):537-552

b First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, 11527, Athens, Greece.

Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion are reciprocally related such that insulin resistance is adapted by increased insulin secretion to maintain normal glucose and lipid homeostasis. Treatment of Type 2 diabetes should aim to restore and sustain the normal relationship between insulin sensitivity and secretion. Nateglinide is a rapid-onset, short-acting insulin-secretion enhancer that restores early-phase insulin secretion, reduces postprandial glucose excursions and prevents long-term hyperinsulinemia. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Feb 15;8(2). Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Regenerative Medicine & Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by the autoimmune targeting of pancreatic β-cells, and, in the advanced stage, severe hypoinsulinemia due to islet destruction. In patients with T1DM, continuous exogenous insulin therapy cannot be avoided. However, an insufficient dose of insulin easily induces extreme hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis, and intensive insulin therapy may cause hypoglycemic symptoms including hypoglycemic shock. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Feb 16. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Department of internal medicine, Setif University Hospital, Algeria. Electronic address:

Objective: The aims of this study are to describe the behaviour of an Algerian population with diabetes and the consequences of fasting.

Methods: In 2017, a prospective multicenter study was conducted in 26 counties before and after fasting. The study concerned 901 patients with 836 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 65 with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Read More

PLoS One 2019 19;14(2):e0212259. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Background: Biochemical adrenal insufficiency induced by glucocorticoid treatment is prevalent, but data on the clinical implications are sparse. We investigated clinical consequences of glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency after oral glucocorticoid cessation.

Methods: We conducted a Danish population-based self-controlled case series utilizing medical registries. Read More

Pharmacoeconomics 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1900, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.

Objective: Health utility decrements associated with diabetes mellitus complications are essential for calculating quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) in patients for use in economic evaluation of diabetes interventions. Previous studies mostly focused on assessing the impact of complications on health utility at event year based on cross-sectional data. This study aimed to separately estimate health utility decrements associated with current and previous diabetes complications. Read More

Exp Clin Transplant 2019 Jan;17(Suppl 1):277-285

From the Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait; and the Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Objectives: Diabetes knowledge among kidney transplant recipients with posttransplant diabetes has not been exhaustively assessed. We evaluated levels of diabetes knowledge among our kidney transplant patients using a 35-item diabetes self-care management questionnaire.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised renal transplant patients with posttransplant diabetes mellitus who were referred from Hamed Al-Essa Organ Transplant Center of Kuwait to the Dasman Diabetes Institute. Read More

Value Health Reg Issues 2019 Feb 15;18:84-90. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Lilly Diabetes, Eli Lilly and Co (Taiwan), Taipei, Taiwan.

Objectives: To quantify the incremental burden of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a hypoglycemic event in Taiwan using the National Health Insurance Research Database.

Methods: Data from 2000 through 2013 with an index period of 2001 through 2012 from the National Health Insurance Research Database's 2-million-patient sample were used. Using a nested case-control study design, patients were indexed if they reported a diagnosis of T2DM during the index period. Read More

Diabetes Metab 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark.

Aim: - Our study investigated the relationship between both spontaneous and iatrogenic hypoglycaemia and mortality.

Methods: - A total of 200,859 patients from the eICU Collaborative Research Database were grouped by whether they had registered episodes of hypoglycaemia or not. Patients with hypoglycaemia were then further divided into subgroups according to type of hypoglycaemia-whether spontaneous or iatrogenic. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Endocrinology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome is a recognisable chromosomal anomaly caused by microdeletions in the 16p11.2 locus. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are antidiabetes agents that decrease blood glucose by preventing the degradation of endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1. The first DPP-4 was sitagliptin followed by several other agents in the class introduced to manage diabetes. Recent studies have suggested that naturally occurring compounds can exert an antidiabetes effect through DPP-4 inhibition. Read More

ACG Case Rep J 2018 5;5:e89. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, NC.

Congenital defects of bile acid synthesis are rare disorders that cause progressive liver dysfunction. Prolonged neonatal hyperinsulism (PNH) is a separate entity that leads to persistent hypoglycemia secondary to stress. We present a 4-month-old infant who presented with liver failure secondary to a bile acid synthesis defect. Read More

J Diabetes Res 2019 15;2019:4684815. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Ise Red Cross Hospital, Mie, Japan.

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on blood glucose levels, body weight, blood pressure, and hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Read More

Biomed Opt Express 2019 Jan 17;10(1):215-225. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, 300072, China.

Fiber-based techniques make it possible to implant a miniaturized and flexible surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor into the human body. However, for implantable applications, the miniaturization of fiber SPR sensors results in low sensitivity compared with traditional prism-type SPR sensors due to limited space and the effects of temperature fluctuations. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate for temperature drift in the measurements, such as the case of the quantification of the relationship between glucose concentration and SPR resonance wavelength. Read More

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2018 17;4(1):e000432. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.

Background: The benefits of exercise for patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are difficult to balance with associated glycaemic excursions. The aim of this cohort study was to show that continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) could reduce glycaemic excursions in patients with T1D already using insulin pumps, exercising at moderate to high intensity.

Methods: Questionnaires were used to identify patients with T1D using insulin pumps and naive to CGM use, who reported regular exercise. Read More

J Diabetes 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence is increasing worldwide. Ethnic differences in risk factors and perinatal outcomes are clinically important. Chinese women constitute around 10% of the world's population, and are an increasing migrant population, yet their prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of GDM are insufficiently explored. Read More

Diabet Med 2019 Feb 17. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

NHS England, NHS Diabetes Programme, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

In both adults and children with diabetes, technologies such as continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion using insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring can help improve diabetes control, reduce hypoglycaemia and improve quality of life. Access to these technologies in the UK is very variable. Some technologies are recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, while others have not been appraised, and new technologies are emerging all the time. Read More

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Waikato Regional Diabetes Service, Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand.

Babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at a greater risk of developing respiratory complications and hypoglycaemia than those born to mothers without diabetes. However, there is currently insufficient evidence as to whether these risks are altered by antenatal corticosteroids after 37 weeks gestation. This retrospective study suggests that antenatal corticosteroids probably reduce respiratory admissions to the newborn intensive care unit with a mild increase in neonatal hypoglycaemia in women with GDM who deliver via caesarean section after 37 weeks gestation. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2019 Feb 17;20:207-211. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

Department of Endocrinology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

BACKGROUND Pituitary gland metastasis is rarely the initial presentation of metastatic cancer. Most cases of pituitary gland metastasis are asymptomatic with diabetes insipidus being the most common symptomatic presentation. It can rarely present with symptoms of hormone underproduction such as secondary adrenal insufficiency. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

University Hospital Birmingham & Institute of Translational Medicine, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK. Electronic address:

Aims: Adding lixisenatide to basal insulin (BI) instead of sulfonylurea (SU), versus continuing SU + BI was assessed in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who intended to fast during Ramadan 2017.

Methods: LixiRam (NCT02941367) was a phase 4, randomized, open-label, 12-22-week study in people with T2DM insufficiently controlled with SU + BI ± 1 oral anti-diabetic. Endpoints included the percentage of participants with ≥1 documented symptomatic hypoglycemia event (plasma glucose ≤70 mg/dL; primary endpoint) and any hypoglycemia during Ramadan fasting. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Diabetes Unit, Amiri Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait. Electronic address:

Objectives: To describe the risk of hypoglycaemia during Ramadan and determine its risk factors, and the impact of hypoglycaemia on patients' behaviour.

Methods: A cross-sectional multi-country observational study, with data captured within 6 weeks after Ramadan 2015. Patients' and disease characteristics and its management, the risk of hypoglycaemia and patients' response to hypoglycaemia were recorded RESULTS: A cohort of 1759 patients; majority with type 2 diabetes mellitus from North Africa, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia, and the Indian subcontinent. Read More

Gene 2019 Feb 14;696:21-27. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Excellence Center for Medical Genetics, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.

Intellectual disabilities (ID) are etiologically heterogeneous. Advanced molecular techniques could be helpful in identification of the underlying genetic defects. We aimed to characterize clinical and molecular features of three Thai patients with ID. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Endocrine Department, Dubai Hospital, United Arab Emirates.

Aim: Most of Muslims patients with diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) elect to fast in Ramadan, but the actual risk in this subset of patients with diabetes is largely unknown. We aimed to understand the safety of fasting in CHD patients with diabetes insisting on fasting Ramadan under optimal care. We also monitored the change in biophysical and biochemical parameters of these patients before and after Ramadan. Read More

Curr Diab Rep 2019 Feb 15;19(3):11. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Older adults often live with chronic disease including diabetes and its complications. In this review, we examine the complexity and heterogeneity of older adults with diabetes and chronic kidney disease, explore the nuances in their diabetes-related monitoring, and discuss their best diabetes management.

Recent Findings: Although there remains an overall lack of studies in older adults with diabetes and chronic kidney disease, recent reports have highlighted their vulnerabilities. Read More

Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Endocrine Department, Dubai Hospital, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address:

Aim: We aimed at evaluating the safety of fasting Ramadan for insulin treated type 2 diabetes patients by assessing the biochemical, biometric parameters, flash glucose monitoring (FGM) data as compared to pre-Ramadan and hospital admissions with diabetes or non-diabetes conditions. The risks of fasting between those treated with basal insulin vs intensive insulin during Ramadan was also assessed.

Methods: We included insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes and we excluded those with co-morbidities. Read More

Diabetes Obes Metab 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.

Aims: To describe in a real-world setting the achievement of physician-selected individualized HbA targets in people with type 2 diabetes, newly or recently initiated on basal insulin, and the association of hypoglycemia with target achievement.

Materials And Methods: A 12-week, prospective, single-arm, observational study of adults with type 2 diabetes either newly initiated with any basal insulin or started on basal insulin within the preceding 12 months. At enrollment, eligible participants from 28 countries were treated with or without oral antihyperglycemic drugs and/or GLP-1 receptor agonists. Read More