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Urolithiasis 2022 May 2. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed medications that have effects on both enteric and urinary solute handling with an unknown effect on risk of nephrolithiasis. Our objectives were to examine the association between PPI exposure and incident nephrolithiasis and to determine its effect on 24H urine chemistry. We performed a single-center retrospective study on patients diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) without a history of kidney stones. Read More

Urolithiasis 2022 Apr 28. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey.

We evaluated the demographic features, etiologic risk factors, treatment strategies, and outcome of the infants and children with urolithiasis (UL). A retrospective multicenter study was conducted including 23 Pediatric Nephrology centers in Turkey. The medical records of 2513 children with UL were reviewed. Read More

Iran J Kidney Dis 2022 01;1(1):1-5

Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Internal Medicine Department, Khorshid Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Nephrolithiasis is a common disease entity around the world, with an increasing prevalence and incidence. There is no consolidated information available on the cause of kidney stones in Iranian patients. As a result, we decided to review the etiology of kidney stones in Iran. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2022 Apr 2;37(4):818. Epub 2022 Mar 2.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 9;13:828839. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Introduction: The association between primary aldosteronism (PA) and nephrolithiasis is still unclear. The hypercalciuria and hypocitraturia of PA patients might be the reason leading to recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between PA and renal stones, including stone size and density. Read More

Clin Kidney J 2022 Mar 20;15(3):500-506. Epub 2021 Oct 20.

Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.

Background: Nephrolithiasis in allograft kidneys is rare, but this diagnosis may lead to allograft complications and patient morbidity. Previous studies that have evaluated nephrolithiasis posttransplant have focused on surgical stone management, with limited data on urine metabolic risk factors and the presence of stones after follow-up.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated kidney transplant recipients who were diagnosed with transplant nephrolithiasis between 2009 and 2019. Read More

Urology 2022 Jan 31. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. Electronic address:

Objective: To understand the metabolic disturbances of stone formers currently taking topiramate and to examine the reversibility of these disturbances with cessation of the medication.

Materials And Methods: All progress notes written by 5 endourologists from a single academic center were retrospectively reviewed from January 2010 to July 2020 containing the words "topiramate" or "topamax." Inclusion criteria were age >18 and presence of either a 24-hour urine sample or stone analysis while on topiramate. Read More

EClinicalMedicine 2022 Jan 14;43:101227. Epub 2021 Dec 14.

Clinical Research Center for Rare Diseases "Aldo & Cele Daccò", Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy.

Background: Standard diet with normal calcium and reduced animal proteins and salt content reduces stone recurrence in calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Whether lemon juice supplementation further reduces recurrence rate is unknown.

Methods: In this single-centre, prospective, randomised, open, blinded endpoint trial (Clinical Trials gov NCT01217372) we evaluated the effects of fresh lemon juice supplementation (60 mL twice daily) versus no supplementation, on time to stone recurrence in 203 patients with recurrent idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis who were all prescribed a standard diet. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2021 5;40:75. Epub 2021 Oct 5.

Department of Functional Investigations, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.

Introduction: metabolic abnormalities are key factors in urolithiasis patients because they can be modified to prevent the risk of urinary stones. The objectives of this study were to estimate the frequency of metabolic abnormalities in the urine of patients with urolithiasis and to determine their possible link with the chemical composition of stones.

Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study evaluating 73 patients referred for urolithiasis in 8 clinics in Kinshasa, between January 2017 and September 2019. Read More

J Paediatr Child Health 2021 Oct 22. Epub 2021 Oct 22.

Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Int Urol Nephrol 2022 Jun 21;54(6):1261-1269. Epub 2021 Sep 21.

Unidad de Gestión Clínica (UGC) de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario de Jaén, Jaén, Spain.

Background: In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) it is frequently found a reduction in urinary citrate of unknown origin. It has been suggested that it could be a marker of acid retention in chronic kidney disease. Our aim was to compare urinary citrate in ADPKD with other nephropathies and to show its relation with serum bicarbonate. Read More

Mol Med Rep 2021 Nov 30;24(5). Epub 2021 Aug 30.

Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563003, P.R. China.

Nephrolithiasis is the most common type of urinary system disease in developed countries, with high morbidity and recurrence rates. Nephrolithiasis is a serious health problem, which eventually leads to the loss of renal function and is closely related to hypertension. Modern medicine has adopted minimally invasive surgery for the management of kidney stones, but this does not resolve the root of the problem. Read More

Asian J Urol 2021 Jul 6;8(3):275-279. Epub 2020 Aug 6.

Urology Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Blvd. Milenio #130, Col. San Carlos la Roncha, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.

Objective: To assess the effect of the adherence to medical treatment on urinary parameters in the 24-h metabolic study of patients with kidney stones.

Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal, descriptive, and observational study was carried out by reviewing the hospital electronic medical record from 2014 to 2018. The adherence to drug treatment was measured 6 months after its initiation, and the numerical values of the metabolic studies were compared. Read More

Arch Med Res 2022 01 7;53(1):69-78. Epub 2021 Jul 7.

Unidad Médica Personalizada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico; Laboratorio de Genómica de la Diabetes, Unidad Académica Yucatán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Sierra Papacal, Yucatan, México. Electronic address:

Background: Urinary Stone Disease (USD) arises from an interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Urinary metabolic abnormalities are well described as risk factors. In Mexico, the Maya region holds the highest prevalence of USD. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2021 Jan;69(1):32-35

Senior Resident, Dept. of Medicine, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh.

Background And Aim: The increasing incidence of nephrolithiasis in recent decades is coinciding with rising epidemic of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. This temporal concordance suggests that a link might exist between these metabolic abnormalities and urinary stone disease. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the association between presence of risk factors of nephrolithiasis and metabolic syndrome. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2021 08 10;17(4):477.e1-477.e9. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA; Children's of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: The incidence of pediatric urolithiasis has been increasing over the years; however, the etiology of this increase is not well understood. Age, body mass index, and gender have been examined as possible risk factors for stone disease, but with inconsistent and variable associations.

Objective: We aim to investigate the urine chemistry factors, as assessed by 24-h urinary parameters, in pediatric stone formers at a large volume tertiary referral center in the highest areas in the United States, the Southeast, based on age, body mass index, and gender. Read More

MEDICC Rev 2021 Jan 30;23(1):43-48. Epub 2021 Jan 30.

Dr Abelardo Buch López Nephrology Institute (INEF), Havana,Cuba.

Introduction: Pediatric urinary lithiasis (urolithiasis) is an important health issue linked to urinary metabolic disorders. In the United States alone, annual costs associated with urolithiasis are $229 million for hospital admissions and $146 million for emergency care.

Objective: Identify urinary metabolic disorders in Cuban pediatric patients with urolithiasis and better understand the relationship of age, demographic and anthropometric variables to urinary metabolic disorders strongly associated with urolithiasis. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2021 06 5;17(3):387.e1-387.e7. Epub 2020 Dec 5.

Albany Medical College, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction/objective: 24-h urine collections are recommended for motivated first-time stone formers. Given that children have a lifetime potential for recurrences, metabolic work-up has been recommended. 24-hour urine collections can be problematic, especially in children. Read More

Urologia 2022 May 14;89(2):226-230. Epub 2021 Mar 14.

Department of Urology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Background: Steinstrasse, is described as array of stone pieces in the ureter following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). It is well-recognized, transient event. Steinstrasse clears spontaneously, however about 6% require intervention. Read More

J Bras Nefrol 2021 Apr-Jun;43(2):200-206

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Divisão de Urologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Background And Objective: Magnesium ammonium phosphate stones (MAP), also known as struvite stones, are associated with urinary infection and impairment of renal unit. The aim of this study is to evaluate the urinary metabolic risk factors for recurrence of renal calculi in patients submitted to nephrectomy due to MAP stones.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients > 18 years old submitted to total nephrectomy due to pure MAP stones and pure calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones from July 2006 to July 2016. Read More

J Endourol 2021 Oct 20;35(10):1555-1562. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

There are multiple stone types, with each forming under different urinary conditions. We compared clinical and metabolic findings in pure stone formers (SFs) to understand whether there are consistent factors that differentiate these groups in terms of underlying etiology and potential for empiric treatment. Pure SFs based on infrared spectroscopic analysis of stones obtained at our institution between January 2002 and July 2018 with a corresponding 24-hour urinalysis were retrospectively evaluated. Read More

Urolithiasis 2021 Oct 8;49(5):457-462. Epub 2021 Feb 8.

Department of Pediatrics, Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kocasinan/Kayseri, 38080, Turkey.

Urinary stone disease is a common condition. We investigated the usefulness of medical treatment for infants with urinary stones 5 mm or smaller. The study included 197 infants (86 girls and 111 boys) with urolithiasis ≤ 5 mm who were referred to our Department of Nephrology between 2014 and 2016. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2021 06 30;17(3):388.e1-388.e5. Epub 2020 Dec 30.

Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Introduction: There is increasing enthusiasm for the value of mini PCNL for pediatric stone clearance. In developing countries, it is important to arrange a single stage treatment as a significant proportion of patients do not comply with repeated treatments, such as SWL.

Objective: To assess the safety, feasibility and outcomes of Mini PCNL in a pediatric cohort. Read More

Arch Esp Urol 2021 Jan;74(1):49-61

Servicio de Urología. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España.

Kidney stones is a prevalent condition with a rising incidence in the last few decades. Diseasere lapse is an especially important issue, that requires further investigations in order to prevent new episodes. Adequate work up must be suited to patients´ characteristics such as age and the presence of risk factors forrecurrence. Read More

Isr Med Assoc J 2021 Jan;23(1):12-16

Department of Urology Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: Dietary modifications and patient-tailored medical management are significant in controlling renal stone disease. Nevertheless, the literature regarding effectiveness is sparse.

Objectives: To explore the impact of dietary modifications and medical management on 24-hour urinary metabolic profiles (UMP) and renal stone status in recurrent kidney stone formers. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2021 Apr 18;53(4):679-683. Epub 2020 Nov 18.

Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 S. 1st Ave., Fahey Building, 2nd Floor, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.

Introduction: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) may increase the risk of kidney stone formation, but the mechanism has not been elucidated. There is a paucity of literature evaluating the effects of PPIs on urinary metabolites and urine pH.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of nephrolithiasis patients treated at our institution and compared patients who were taking PPIs to those who were not at the time of their 24-h urine collections. Read More

Scand J Urol 2020 Dec 13;54(6):456-462. Epub 2020 Nov 13.

Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine Health, Orange, CA, USA.

Background: Metabolic factors underlying the recent increase in stone prevalence over the past decades are not well understood. Herein, we evaluate temporal, geographic and gender-specific trends in metabolic risk factors in recurrent kidney stone formers.

Patients And Methods: A systematic literature review of metabolic risk factors for stone formation was conducted, inclusive of the last four decades. Read More

BMC Urol 2020 Oct 29;20(1):174. Epub 2020 Oct 29.

Department of Nephro-urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kawasumi 1, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 4678601, Japan.

Background: Patients with urolithiasis have a lower bone mineral density (BMD) than those without stones, suggesting a potential correlation between calcium stone formation and bone resorption disorders, including osteopenia and osteoporosis.

Methods: To investigate the influence of BMD on clinical outcomes in urolithiasis, we performed a single-center retrospective cohort study to analyze patients with urolithiasis who underwent both BMD examination and 24-h urine collection between 2006 and 2015. Data from the national cross-sectional surveillance of the Japanese Society on Urolithiasis Research in 2015 were utilized, and additional data related to urinary tract stones were obtained from medical records. Read More

Nutrients 2020 Oct 12;12(10). Epub 2020 Oct 12.

Bonn Education Association for Dietetics r. A., 50935 Cologne, Germany.

Patients with intestinal fat malabsorption and urolithiasis are particularly at risk of acquiring fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the vitamin status and metabolic profile before and after the supplementation of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K (ADEK) in 51 patients with fat malabsorption due to different intestinal diseases both with and without urolithiasis. Anthropometric, clinical, blood and 24-h urinary parameters and dietary intake were assessed at baseline and after ADEK supplementation for two weeks. Read More