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J Am Coll Surg 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Surgery.

Background: Two operations are performed for management of secondary hyperparathyroidism, subtotal parathyroidectomy (SPTX) and total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation (TPTX- AT). There is no consensus among endocrine surgeons regarding which operation is the preferred treatment. This study compares the short and long term outcomes of SPTX and TPTX-AT for dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Read More

Head Neck 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.

Background: Endoscopic thyroidectomy is popular among patients with cosmetic requirements. However, when lateral neck dissection (LND) is required, endoscopic surgery may be challenging. Therefore, we introduced needle-assisted endoscopic technique to achieve endoscopic LND procedure and evaluated its safety and feasibility in the present study. Read More

Intern Emerg Med 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Regional Reference Centre for Coagulation Disorders, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, "Federico II" University of Naples, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Internal Medicine, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with a high death rate in dogs, but accurate predictors of early death are still lacking.

Objectives: To develop a scoring system for prediction of short-term case fatality in dogs with AP.

Animals: One hundred sixty-nine dogs with AP including 138 dogs in the training cohort and 31 dogs in the validation cohort. Read More

Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2018 Nov-Dec;22(6):735-739

Department of Biochemistry, GGS Medical College, Faridkot, Punjab, India.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the main regulator of calcium, phosphate, magnesium, sodium, and potassium homeostasis. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between PTH and aforementioned minerals in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.

Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate serum intact parathormone (iPTH) and other biochemical parameters in ESRD patients and to find correlation between serum iPTH and biochemical parameters in the study group. Read More

Br J Clin Pharmacol 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.

Aims: To develop a pharmacokinetic (PK) and PK-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model of cinacalcet, in adults and paediatrics with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) on dialysis. To test covariates of interest, and to perform simulations to inform dosing in paediatrics with SHPT.

Methods: Cinacalcet PK, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and corrected calcium (cCa) time courses following multiple daily oral doses (1-300 mg) were modelled using a nonlinear mixed effects modelling approach using data from 8 clinical studies. Read More

Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2018 24;5(4):000760. Epub 2018 Apr 24.

Internal Medicine Department, Brugmann University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.

A 56-year-old woman presented with cognitive impairment, confusion and slowed speech, muscle cramps and peripheral paraesthesia preceded by vomiting. Blood tests revealed severe hypokalaemia, hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia and hypocalcaemia. Following a diagnosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy based on ultrasonography, the patient was treated with electrolyte supplementation and recovered within 48h. Read More

Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2018 21;5(3):000764. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

Internal Medicine, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry and Darul Sehat Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Bartter syndrome is a rare heterogeneous disease characterised by a deficiency in sodium and chloride absorption. Gain-of-function mutations in the CASR gene have been described in some patients with Bartter syndrome associated with hypocalcaemia and hypercalciuria. We describe a case of adult-onset Bartter syndrome with hypocalcaemia severe enough to cause osteomalacia. Read More

Dent J (Basel) 2019 Feb 11;7(1). Epub 2019 Feb 11.

School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.

An association between periodontal disease and cancer has been established in recent studies, but no common etiology has been identified in the hopes of reducing the global burden of these non-communicable diseases. This perspective article hypothesizes that the determinant mediating the association of periodontal disease with cancer is dysregulated phosphate metabolism. Phosphate, an essential dietary micronutrient, is dysregulated in chronic kidney disease, and both cancer and periodontal disease are associated with chronic kidney disease. Read More

Public Health Nutr 2019 Feb 12:1-8. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

1Health Economics Unit,Institute of Applied Health Research,University of Birmingham,Birmingham,UK.

Objective: To explore the extent to which micronutrient deficiencies (MND) affect children's health-related quality of life (HRQoL), using vitamin D deficiency (VDD) as a case study.

Design: Proxy valuation study to estimate the impact of VDD on the HRQoL of younger (0-4 years) and older (>4 years) children. We used the Child Health Utility 9 Dimension (CHU9D) questionnaire to estimate HRQoL for children within six VDD-related health states: 'hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy', 'hypocalcaemic seizures', 'active rickets', 'bone deformities', 'pain and muscle weakness' and 'subclinical VDD'. Read More

J Bone Oncol 2019 Apr 23;15:100217. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No 44 of Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110042, China.

Background: Although denosumab has been approved as an antiresorptive agent for giant cell tumor of bone, its efficacy has not been proven.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of denosumab and zoledronic acid treatment in patients with surgically unsalvageable giant cell tumor of bone.

Methods: A total of 250 patients with surgically unsalvageable giant cell tumor of bone were included in this randomized clinical trial. Read More

Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2019 Feb;27(1):104-109

Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.E-mail:

Objective: To investigate the serum calcium level in 86 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) and its correlation with clinical features.

Methods: The clinical data of 86 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in our hospital from 2009 to 2016 were retrospectively analyed. Clinical data of sex, age, hemoglobin, albumin, globulin, creatinine, uric acid, serum phosphorus, β2-microglobulin, immunophenotyping and disease staging were collected. Read More

Theriogenology 2019 Jan 28;128:40-46. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 06110, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address:

The present study aimed to determine the alterations in pre- and postpartum immune function, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and serum metabolite changes in Brown Swiss cows with or without retained placenta (RP). Peripheral blood was sampled at -10 ± 4 days antepartum and 10 ± 4 days postpartum for the assessment of neutrophil phagocytic and oxidative burst activities by using flow cytometry. SOD activity, beta hydroxybutiric acid (BHB), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), calcium (Ca), phosphorus, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine kinase (CK), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, cholesterol, glucose, urea, albumin, total protein, and triglyceride concentrations were also measured from serum samples collected at -10 ± 4, 3 ± 1, 10 ± 4, and 30 ± 4 days relative to parturition. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2019 Feb 7;2019. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

A 29-year-old G4A3 woman presented at 25 weeks of pregnancy with progressive signs of Cushing's syndrome (CS), gestational diabetes requiring insulin and hypertension. A 3.4 × 3. Read More

Case Rep Endocrinol 2019 9;2019:8456239. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa; Medical Genetics Unit, Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A (PHP1A) is usually diagnosed in childhood or early adulthood. We describe the case of a 64-year-old woman admitted to the Neurological Unit for recurrent episodes of loss of consciousness and seizures. Glycemia and ECG were normal, while hypocalcemia was noted. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Feb 5:194599819829052. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

1 Department of Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan.

Objective: The current guidelines recommend that potassium iodide be given in the immediate preoperative period for patients with Graves' disease who are undergoing thyroidectomy. Nonetheless, the evidence behind this recommendation is tenuous. The purpose of this study is to clarify the benefits of preoperative iodine administration from published comparative studies. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019 Feb 4. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261;

The parathyroid hormone (PTH) and its related peptide (PTHrP) activate PTH receptor (PTHR) signaling, but only the PTH sustains G-mediated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) production after PTHR internalization into early endosomes. The mechanism of this unexpected behavior for a G-protein-coupled receptor is not fully understood. Here, we show that extracellular Ca acts as a positive allosteric modulator of PTHR signaling that regulates sustained cAMP production. Read More

Endocr J 2019 Feb 2. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) has been known as a cause of secondary osteoporosis, which often requires medication. Herein, we give the first report of a case of a 38-year-old man with fatigue and paralysis in both upper limbs who had been treated with denosumab for secondary osteoporosis associated with PSC. Since bisphosphonate (alendronate) was ineffective in our patient, the treatment was changed from alendronate to denosumab. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2019 Feb 3;20:146-150. Epub 2019 Feb 3.

Department of Hemato-Oncology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea.

BACKGROUND Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency resulting from the massive destruction of tumor cells after cytotoxic chemotherapy for chemosensitive malignancies with a high tumor burden. Its clinical manifestations include severe electrolyte disturbances, metabolic acidosis, acute renal failure secondary to urate deposition in the kidney, heart, and skeletal muscle, and nervous system dysfunction. We report an extremely rare case of spontaneous TLS (STLS) in idiopathic primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Read More

J Am Coll Surg 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Section of Minimally-Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA.

Background: Parathyroid glands are difficult to identify during total thyroidectomies and accidental resection can lead to problematic post-operative hypocalcemia. Our main goals were to evaluate the effectiveness of using near-infrared light (NIRL) auto-fluorescence intra-operatively for parathyroid-gland identification; and to measure its impact on postoperative hypocalcemia incidence.

Study Design: Total thyroidectomies were performed on 170 patients with different thyroid pathologies, block-randomized (1:1) into 2 equal groups. Read More

Artif Organs 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Medical Intensive Care Unit, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Low flow extracorporeal veno-venous CO removal (ECCO R) therapy is used to remove CO while reducing ventilation intensity. However, the use of this technique is limited because efficiency of CO removal and potential beneficial effects on pulmonary hemodynamics are not precisely established. Moreover, this technique requires anticoagulation that may induce severe complications in critically ill patients. Read More

Blood Purif 2019 Jan 30:1-9. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona,

Background: Etelcalcetide is a novel second-generation calcimimetic that, because of its intravenous administration, could improve treatment adherence in secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of etelcalcetide compared with that of cinacalcet in controlling SHPT in patients under hemodialysis.

Methods: A prospective observational study was performed in 29 patients with SHPT under hemodialysis who switched from cinacalcet to etelcalcetide with a follow-up of 6 months. Read More

PeerJ 2019 23;7:e6376. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Background: Hypocalcemia is a common complication of thyroidectomy resulting from an injury to the parathyroid gland. Methylene blue, which is a medication and dye that has been used for more than a century, is safe and readily available. The previous study has found that methylene blue spray on the surgical field is absorbed by the parathyroid gland faster than in the perithyroidal area. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Jan 28;12(1). Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Medicine, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Gitelman syndrome is the most common renal tubulopathy, recently exhibiting a dramatic rise of incidence in Asia.A 50-year-old woman presented with vomiting, fatigue and quadriparesis. Physical examination revealed a positive Trousseau sign , hypotonia and areflexia. Read More

Am J Med 2019 Feb 26;132(2):200-208.e1. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark; Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.

Background: Patients with chronic heart failure have vulnerable myocardial function and are susceptible to electrolyte disturbances. In these patients, diuretic treatment is frequently prescribed, though it is known to cause electrolyte disturbances. Therefore, we investigated the association between altered calcium homeostasis and the risk of all-cause mortality in chronic heart failure patients. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.

Purpose: It is unclear whether clinical courses of hungry bone syndrome (HBS) after parathyroidectomy (PTX) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) patients are different. The present study aimed to investigate the possible differences of postoperative hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia between PD and HD patients.

Methods: We performed retrospectively 29 PD patients as the PD group and 169 HD patients as the HD group undergoing successful total PTX with autotransplantation. Read More

Asian J Surg 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of General Surgery, Erciyes University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. Electronic address:

Objective: The most common complication after thyroid surgery is hypocalcaemia and it sometimes leads to problems that are difficult to correct in patients. The present study was aimed to determine the risk factors causing the development of hypocalcaemia after thyroid surgery.

Methods: 818 adult patients were included in the study. Read More

J Neurol Sci 2019 Jan 16;398:39-44. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States. Electronic address:

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating subtype of stroke that results in significant rates of mortality and morbidities. The initial hematoma volume, hematoma expansion (HE), blood pressure (BP), and coagulopathy are considered strong predictors of clinical outcomes and mortality. Low serum magnesium (Mg) levels have been shown to be associated with larger initial hematoma and greater HE. Read More

Clin Calcium 2019 ;29(2):185-191

Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Nishinomiya Hospital, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.

According to some case reports, extreme hypocalcemia induced by vitamin D and calcium deficiency leads to heart failure. This rare clinical entity "Hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy" is also reported in elderly patients as well as infants. In patients with chronic kidney disease and heart failure, hypocalcemia is reported to predict worse outcome. Read More

Endocr J 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A (PHP1A) is characterized by resistance to multiple hormones, the Albright Hereditary Osteodystrophy phenotype, obesity, and developmental delay. Developmental delay usually appears prior to hypocalcemia due to parathyroid hormone resistance and could be a clinically important feature for early diagnosis of PHP1A. To date, however, the details have not been documented. Read More

Vet Surg 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

VCA Canada-404 Veterinary Emergency and Referral, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada.

Objective: To report perioperative characteristics, complications, histopathologic diagnosis and outcome in cats undergoing surgical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Study Design: Multi-institutional, retrospective case series.

Animals: Thirty-two client-owned cats. Read More

Am J Surg 2019 Jan 4. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain. Electronic address:

Background: Hypocalcemia is one of the most common complications after total thyroidectomy. Recently, indocyanine green (ICG) angiography of the parathyroid glands (PGs) has been suggested as a reliable tool for predicting postoperative hypocalcemia. The aim of our study was to evaluate the performance of a simple quantitative score based on ICG angiography of the PGs (4-ICG score) for predicting postoperative hypocalcemia. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018 Dec 28;32(6):927-939. Epub 2018 Sep 28.

Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Bone Metabolic Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Florence, Italy. Electronic address:

The clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism are variable and can involve almost any organ system. The main clinical features of the hypoparathyroidism are typically signs or symptoms due to neuromuscular irritability owing to low serum calcium level. In addition to hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia can contribute to long-term complications, including extra-skeletal calcifications. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018 Dec 29;32(6):909-925. Epub 2018 Jul 29.

Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Bone Metabolic Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Florence, Italy. Electronic address:

Hypoparathyroidism, a disorder characterized by hypocalcemia ensuing from inadequate parathyroid hormone secretion, is a rather rare disorder caused by multiple etiologies. When not caused by inadvertent damage or removal of the parathyroids during neck surgery, it is usually genetically determined. Epidemiological figures of this disease are still scarce and mainly limited to countries where non-anonymous databases are available and to surgical case series. Read More

Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2018 Oct-Dec;8(4):207-209

Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, The Medical Center of Aurora, Aurora, CO and Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.

Osborn waves are produced when the J-point deviates from baseline. While there are many known causes of Osborne waves, hypothermia remains the most common. Previous studies have been inconsistent about the risk of Osborne waves progressing to a deadly arrhythmia. Read More

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2018 Dec 18;46(6):370-379. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and etiology of an increased concentration of ionized magnesium (iMg) in dogs and to evaluate its prognostic relevance.

Materials And Methods: From April 2009 to December 2013, serum electrolytes were measured in 9950 dogs using an ion-selective electrode. Inclusion criterion was an iMg concentration ≥ 0. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 Jan 31;17(1):531-540. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Nephrology Department, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China.

For dialysis patients with end-stage kidney disease and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), there are three therapeutic treatment options: Cinacalcet, paricalcitol and cinacalcet plus low-dose vitamin D analogues. However, their comparative efficacy remains unclear at present. Thus, in the current study, a Bayesian network analysis was conducted to evaluate the relative efficacy and safety of these three therapeutic regimens. Read More

Intern Emerg Med 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.

The present study investigates the incidence of perioperative hyperkalemia and the influence factors of serum potassium levels during and after parathyroidectomy (PTX) in hemodialysis patients with renal hyperparathyroidism (rHPT). A total of 204 hemodialysis patients with refractory rHPT undergoing successful total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation (tPTX + AT) were analyzed retrospectively. Hyperkalemia was defined as serum potassium levels ≥ 5. Read More

Minerva Chir 2019 Feb;74(1):14-18

Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, CHU Poitiers, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France -

Background: Hypocalcemia is the most common complication following total thyroidectomy. Few factors may relate with increased risk of postoperative hypocalcemia. Preoperative vitamin D values have been evaluated in few studies, but reports present conflicting data. Read More

Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2019 Jan 15:1-6. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Stevenage , Hertfordshire , UK.

Introduction: The aim of this single centre retrospective observational record-based audit was to assess the incidence of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia. The setting was a district general hospital in Hertfordshire covering a population of 500,000 people. A total of 196 patients who had had total or completion thyroidectomy during a five-year period were included in the study. Read More

Front Horm Res 2019 19;51:147-159. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP), pseudo-PHP, acrodysostosis, and progressive osseous heteroplasia are heterogeneous disorders characterized by physical findings, differently associated in each subtype, including short bones, short stature, a stocky build, ectopic ossifications (features associated with Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy), as well as laboratory abnormalities consistent with hormone resistance, such as hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. All these disorders are caused by impairments in the cAMP-mediated signal transduction pathway and, in particular, in the PTH/PTHrP signaling pathway: the main subtypes of PHP and related disorders are caused by de novo or autosomal dominantly inherited inactivating genetic mutations, and/or epigenetic, sporadic, or genetic-based alterations within or upstream of GNAS, PRKAR1A, PDE4D, and PDE3A. Here we will review the impressive progress that has been made over the past 30 years on the pathophysiology of these diseases and will describe the recently proposed novel nomenclature and classification. Read More

Front Horm Res 2019 19;51:160-164. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

The treatment of hypoparathyroidism depends on the severity of hypocalcemia, how rapidly the hypocalcemia developed, and the symptomatology. Chronic hypoparathyroidism is usually treated with oral supplementations, including calcium, calcitriol, or other active vitamin D analogs, and at times, thiazide diuretics. Although the standard therapy can adequately control patients with this disease, sometimes very high doses are required to maintain serum calcium levels in the normal range, with poor compliance and risk of long-term complications. Read More

Front Horm Res 2019 19;51:109-126. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

The regulation of plasma calcium levels is essential for the normal physiologic function of every cell. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the principal regulator of serum calcium and phosphate homeostasis. PTH is synthesized and secreted by the parathyroid chief cells in the parathyroid glands primarily in response to a decline in serum calcium levels. Read More

Front Horm Res 2019 19;51:139-146. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is one of the major hormones that regulates serum calcium. Hypoparathyroidism occurs when PTH secretion is insufficient. The main symptoms of hypoparathyroidism are the result of low blood calcium levels, hypocalcemia, which interferes with normal muscle contraction and nerve conduction. Read More

Langenbecks Arch Surg 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Endocrine Surgery, Catholic Hospital Mainz, An der Goldgrube 11, 55131, Mainz, Germany.

Importance: Postoperative hypoparathyroidism remains a relevant problem after thyroid surgery. Although the roles of vitamin D deficiency and other risk factors have been discussed in previous studies, variable results have been reported.

Objective: Predicting the risk of postoperative hypocalcemia could be helpful for individual prognoses and medical treatment. Read More

Iran J Pathol 2018 12;13(3):357-362. Epub 2018 Sep 12.

Medical Students Research Committee, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.

Background And Objective: Phototherapy is one of the therapy methods for jaundice caused by hyperbilirubinemia. Vitamin D and bilirubin have two distinct routes of metabolism yet part of their syntheses is common in the liver and thus they may influence each other's synthesis. One of the consequences of phototherapy not previously studied in detail is hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2019 Jan 14;20:53-59. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Laboratory of Age-Related Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders, The Russian Gerontology Clinical Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation.

BACKGROUND Primary hyperparathyroidism is most common in women during the menopause and its occurrence in pregnant women is rare. However, because neonatal mortality is associated with maternal hyperparathyroidism, early diagnosis is essential. This report describes the case of a late diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism in a 28-year-old pregnant woman and describes the effects on the mother and neonate. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(2):e13649

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.

Rationale: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) was termed by Hinchey in 1996. Patients have a reversible vasogenic brain edema in imaging and acute neurological symptoms such as headache, seizures, encephalopathy, and visual disturbances when suffering from hypertension, pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, renal failure, immunosuppressive medications, autoimmune disorders, sepsis, thrombocytopaenia, hypocalcaemia, alcohol withdrawal, and many other potential causes. de Havenon A et al have proposed a new syndrome named PRES with spinal cord involvement (PRES-SCI). Read More

Surg Innov 2019 Jan 11:1553350618823425. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

1 University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.

Background: Nowadays, minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) is considered a safe and effective option. However, its complication rate has not been specifically discussed yet. The aim of this systematic review was enrolling a large number of studies to estimate early and late complications (transient and definitive, uni- and bilateral laryngeal nerve palsy; transient and definitive hypocalcemia; cervical hematoma; hypertrophic or keloid scar) of MIVAT compared with conventional technique. Read More

Arch Osteoporos 2019 Jan 10;14(1). Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.