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Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2019 Apr 23. Epub 2019 Apr 23.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand 10400.

Background: Beta-lactam (BL) antibiotics hypersensitivity is common in children. Clinical manifestation of BL hypersensitivity varies from mild to severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs).

Objective: To determine the association of HLA genotype and BL hypersensitivity and the prevalence of true drug allergy in patients with history of BL hypersensitivity. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, España.

Although the arrival of new chemotherapy drugs and combinations has brought progress in terms of cancer patient survival, they entail many adverse effects that can compromise treatment, and hence prognosis, of the disease. Cytostatic agents can cause dermatological toxicity, among other side effects. The most familiar adverse effect of chemotherapy is alopecia. Read More

FASEB J 2019 Apr 19:fj201802217RR. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease associated with synovial hyperplasia and bone and cartilage destruction. T cells, notably T helper (T)-1 and T17 cells, play a critical role in the pathologic process of RA. However, it remains unclear how T1 and T17 cells are regulated during RA. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany.

Background: Hypersensitivity reactions occurring within minutes after intravascular injection of iodinated radiocontrast media (RCM) are common and have been previously considered to be non-allergic. However, in the last decades, evidence is increasing that also genuine RCM allergy may present as either full-blown anaphylaxis or delayed exanthematous skin reaction.

Objectives: We aimed to assess whether allergy diagnostics including skin and provocation testing can differentiate between non-allergic and allergic RCM hypersensitivity by identifying the causative RCM as well as tolerated alternative RCM. Read More

Front Immunol 2019 22;10:520. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Afferent lymphatic vessels contribute to immunity by transporting antigen and leukocytes to draining lymph nodes (LNs) and are emerging as new players in the regulation of peripheral tolerance. Performing intravital microscopy in inflamed murine ear skin we found that migrating dendritic cells (DCs) and antigen-experienced effector T cells spend considerable time arresting or clustering within afferent lymphatic capillaries. We also observed that intralymphatic T cells frequently interacted with DCs. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2019 20;11:2241-2251. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Dermatology Department, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, Le Mans, France,

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a low-grade cutaneous lymphoma accounting for more than half of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs). Due to the rarity of CTCL, randomized studies are lacking, and treatment is based mainly on the recent published European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer guidelines. Basically, early-stage MF is treated with skin-directed treatments, whereas advanced-stage MF requires more aggressive therapies. Read More

Br J Anaesth 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Danish Anaesthesia Allergy Centre, Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic with a broad spectrum of activity and a persistent effect on skin. Consequently, it has become an ubiquitous antiseptic in healthcare and the community. As use has become widespread, increasing numbers of cases of allergy have been reported in the literature, including cases of anaphylaxis to chlorhexidine gels used on mucous membranes, chlorhexidine-impregnated devices such as central venous catheters, chlorhexidine preparations used on wounds and broken skin, and cases after dental procedures. Read More

Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2019 Apr 5. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

University of Belgrade-Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia.

Background: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can cause hypersensitivity reactions in children. These reactions are mainly cutaneous, self-limiting and benign but life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions can occur. Infections can lead to skin eruptions and mimic drug hypersensitivity reactions, if a drug is taken at the same time. Read More

Front Neurosci 2019 15;13:213. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Department of Neuroscience and Physiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.

A growing body of evidence from both clinical and animal studies indicates that chronic neuropathic pain is associated with comorbid affective disorders. Spinal cord microglial activation is involved in nerve injury-induced pain hypersensitivity characterizing neuropathic pain. However, there is a lack of thorough assessments of microglial activation in the brain after nerve injury. Read More

Parasit Vectors 2019 Apr 3;12(1):154. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

UMR BIPAR, INRA, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, 94700, France.

This primer focuses on a recently diagnosed tick-borne allergic disease known as the alpha-Gal syndrome (AGS). Tick bites induce in humans high levels of IgE antibodies against the carbohydrate Galα1-3Galβ1-(3)4GlcNAc-R (α-Gal) present on tick salivary glycoproteins and tissues of non-catarrhine mammals, leading to the AGS in some individuals. This immune response evolved as a conflict and cooperation between ticks and human hosts including their gut microbiota. Read More

JCI Insight 2019 Apr 2;5. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Dysregulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is associated with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and its mouse model, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). Suppressors Of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) negatively regulate the JAK/STAT pathway. We previously reported a severe, brain-targeted, atypical form of EAE in mice lacking Socs3 in myeloid cells (Socs3ΔLysM), which is associated with cerebellar neutrophil infiltration. Read More

Eur Radiol 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea.

Objectives: While hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) to intravenously administered iodinated contrast media (ICM) have been well studied, not much is known about HSR to intra-arterially administered ICM.

Methods: A prospective observational study was performed to evaluate coronary angiography (CAG)-induced ICM hypersensitivity in patients who underwent CAG using ICM including ioversol, a low-osmolar non-ionic monomer, and iodixanol, an iso-osmolar non-ionic dimer. The HSR were investigated through in-patient monitoring after CAG and telephone interview after discharge. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Allergy, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.

Background: Flucloxacillin is a narrow spectrum, beta-lactamase resistant penicillin. Type I (IgE mediated) and type IV (T-cell mediated) reactions are less frequently reported than with other penicillins.

Objective: To undertake a detailed clinical characterization of a cohort of patients referred with suspected flucloxacillin hypersensitivity. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah.

Objectives: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a delayed-type hypersensitivity with increasing rates among pediatric populations. Although studies have used International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding to define local cohorts and report disease epidemiology, the accuracy of the EoE ICD code for pediatric EoE is unknown.

Methods: We searched the Intermountain Healthcare Database for pediatric cases with the EoE ICD code over a 5-year period. Read More

Immunol Invest 2019 Mar 27:1-16. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

a College of Pharmaceutical science , Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou , China.

Tubiechong (Eupolyphaga sinensis) is an important material used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the immunoregulation effects of E. sinensis Lyophilized Powder (ESL) are unclear. Read More

J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2019 Jan-Mar;11(1):43-48

Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

Objective: The aim and objective of this study was to find the immunostimulant and immunomodulatory effect of seed extracts.

Methods: Seeds of were extracted using three different solvents -hexane, chloroform, and methanol by using soxhlet apparatus. To assess the immunomodulatory effect, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) assay method was used and by the DTH assay, the effect of on the skin thickness of rats was estimated. Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019 Apr 21;146(4):313-318. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Groupe FISARD (groupe Toxidermies) de la Société française de dermatologie, 10, cité Malesherbes, 75009 Paris, France.

Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2019 Mar 24. Epub 2019 Mar 24.

Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Background: Drug allergy, or drug hypersensitivity, is a potentially fatal disorder, and patients labeled with drug allergies have restricted access to first-line treatments. Full knowledge of the characteristics associated with drug allergies and severe reactions during allergy evaluation is beneficial for appropriate risk stratification.

Objective: We sought to determine whether certain clinical characteristics are associated with drug allergies in Chinese children. Read More

Int J Nanomedicine 2019 26;14:1563-1573. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary,

Purpose: Undesirable complement (C) activation by nanomedicines can entail an adverse immune reaction known as C activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA) in sensitive patients. The syndrome includes cardiopulmonary, hemodynamic, and a variety of other physiological changes that have been well described in man, pigs, dogs, and rats. However, the information on CARPA is scarce and ambiguous in mice, a species widely used in preclinical studies. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Pharmacovigilance Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address:

Background: The various adverse drug reactions (ADRs) arise from different types of iodinated contrast media (ICM).

Objective: Thus, we investigated the occurrence rate and types of ADRs according to the total usage cases of the 7 most common ICM.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 74,242 causal ADRs caused by ICM from the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System database between January 2014 and December 2016. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2019 Apr;117(2):e178-e180

Área de Gestión de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España.

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE food allergy manifesting as profuse, repetitive vomiting, sometimes with diarrhea, leading to dehydration and lethargy that can be severe and lead to shock. Despite the potential severity, awareness of FPIES is low and diagnosis is often delayed, especially in those triggered by solid foods. Presence of vomits and duration of more than 1 minute are the key differential factors to distinguish FPIES from brief resolved unexplained events. Read More

J Clin Pharm Ther 2019 Jun 11;44(3):486-488. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Allergy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.

What Is Known And Objective: Omalizumab is effective as an add-on drug to treat severe persistent allergic asthma. However, delayed hypersensitivity reactions to omalizumab may deprive patients of its use. Rapid subcutaneous desensitization could be a solution. Read More

Cancer Med 2019 Mar 10. Epub 2019 Mar 10.

UMR_S1165, Inserm, University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.

Docetaxel is a major anticancer drug that can induce hypersensitivity reactions leading to deleterious treatment interruptions. Blood hypereosinophilia could be a biological sign, potentially lethal, of delayed visceral hypersensitivity reactions. We hypothesized this biological event is probably underreported. Read More

J Immunol Res 2019 20;2019:7076942. Epub 2019 Jan 20.

Fundación Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (FUCITED), Avenida Alcalde Eduardo Castillo Velasco 2902, Santiago, Chile.

Mollusk hemocyanins have been used for decades in immunological and clinical applications as natural, nontoxic, nonpathogenic, and nonspecific immunostimulants for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer, as carriers/adjuvants of tumor-associated antigens in cancer vaccine development and as adjuvants to dendritic cell-based immunotherapy, because these glycoproteins induce a bias towards Th1 immunity. Here, we analyzed the preclinical therapeutic potential of the traditional keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and two new hemocyanins from (CCH) and (FLH) in mouse models of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Due to the aggressiveness and deadly malignant potential of this cancer, the hemocyanins were applied in combination with adjuvants, such as alum, AddaVax, and QS-21, which have been shown to be safe and effective in human vaccines, to potentiate their antitumor activity. Read More

Bioorg Med Chem 2019 Apr 28;27(8):1562-1576. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address:

Janus kinases (JAKs) regulate various cancers and immune responses and are targets for the treatment of cancers and immune diseases. A new series of 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amino derivatives were synthesized and optimized by introducing a functional 3,5-disubstituted-1H-pyrazole moiety into the C-3 moiety of pyrazole template, and then were biologically evaluated as potent Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitors. Among these molecules, inhibitors 11f, 11g, 11h and 11k displayed strong activity and selectivity against the JAK2 kinase, with IC values of 7. Read More

Cell Microbiol 2019 Mar 5:e13021. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Interactions Hôte Parasites, Paris, France.

Protozoan pathogens secrete nanosized particles called extracellular vesicles (EVs) to facilitate their survival and chronic infection. Here, we show the inhibition by Plasmodium berghei NK65 blood stage-derived EVs of the proliferative response of CD4 T cells in response to antigen presentation. Importantly, these results were confirmed in vivo by the capacity of EVs to diminish the ovalbumin-specific delayed type hypersensitivity response. Read More

Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019 Mar 1. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL.

Studies suggest that exercise can improve vaccination responses in humans. Chronic stress can lead to immunosuppression, and there may be a role for exercise in augmenting immune responses.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of acute eccentric exercise (ECC) and voluntary wheel exercise training (VWR) on antibody and cell-mediated immune responses to vaccination in chronically stressed mice. Read More

Dermatitis 2019 Mar/Apr;30(2):164-167

Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University, New York City.

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) has been traditionally identified as TH1-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. There is currently no Food and Drug Administration-approved systemic therapy indicated for ACD. Among patients with ACD, there is a subgroup that experience not only concomitant atopic dermatitis and ACD but also systemic allergic dermatitis driven by allergens encountered through dietary consumption. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.

More than 250 drugs carry a small but important dose-independent risk of initiating a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction that leads to acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). Clinical manifestations are often non-specific, making epidemiological studies challenging. In severe cases, if cessation of the offending drug is not followed by a prompt improvement in renal function, corticosteroid therapy appears to enhance renal recovery rates. Read More

Microbes Infect 2019 Feb 25. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Vitória, Brazil; Núcleo de Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Vitória, Brazil. Electronic address:

The use of adjuvants in vaccine formulations is a well-established practice to improve immunogenicity and protective immunity against diseases. Previously, we have demonstrated the feasibility of intranasal vaccination with the antigen of killed Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes (LaAg) against experimental leishmaniasis. In this work, we sought to optimize the immunogenic effect and protective immunity against murine visceral leishmaniasis conferred by intranasal delivery of LaAg in combination with a synthetic TLR1/TLR2 agonist (Pam3CSK4). Read More

Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2019 Jan 24;21(1). Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.

J Extracell Vesicles 2019 20;8(1):1578589. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawai'i.

Large membrane derangements in the form of non-detaching blebs or membrane protrusions occur in a variety of cell stress and physiological situations and do not always reflect apoptotic processes. They have been studied in model mast cells under conditions of cell stress, but their potential physiological relevance to mast cell function and formation in primary mast cells or basophils have not been addressed. In the current study, we examine the large, non-detaching, non-apoptotic, membrane structures that form in model and primary mast cells under conditions of stimulation that are relevant to allergy, atopy and Type IV delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Read More

Contact Dermatitis 2019 Feb 27. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

Background: A fragrance mix consisting of eight separate fragrance ingredients (fragrance mix I [FM I]) is present in most baseline patch test series. Patch testing with the TRUE Test technique is considered to detect less contact allergy to FM I than testing with the Finn Chamber technique.

Objective: To investigate the possible significance of batch and patch test method in establishing contact allergy to FM I. Read More

MedEdPORTAL 2018 Feb 12;14:10680. Epub 2018 Feb 12.

Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Paul L. Foster School of Medicine.

Introduction: Medical students are introduced to skin rashes during their preclinical years and often express difficulty in differentiating the underlying mechanisms. The preclinical lessons regarding immunologically mediated skin rashes are largely forgotten by the time the students begin diagnosing and treating skin rashes during clinical rotations. This module aims to enhance student understanding of immunologic concepts by integrating material across disciplines, contextualizing within a clinical scenario, and providing opportunity for self-testing. Read More

J Cell Mol Med 2019 Feb 22. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.

The cytokine interleukin IL-35 is known to exert strong immunosuppressive functions. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and Arginase 1 (Arg1) are metabolic enzymes that, expressed by dendritic cells (DCs), contribute to immunoregulation. Here, we explored any possible link between IL-35 and the activity of those enzymes. Read More

J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2019 Feb;29(1):68-69

Pharmacy Unit, Hospital Virgen de la Concha Zamora, Spain.

Exp Clin Transplant 2019 01;17(Suppl 1):234-235

From the Department of Ophthalmology, the National Scientific Medical Research Center, Astana, Kazakhstan.

The search continues for pathogenetically effective measures in autoimmune processes for a number of complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus, in particular, diabetic retinopathy. However, there are few studies of the prognostic and therapeutic values of the systemic autoimmune response in this pathology after transplant of autologous mesenchymal stem cells. Here, we present a 40-year-old patient with complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (diabetic retinopathy) after mesenchymal stem cell transplant. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019 Feb 16. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn. Electronic address:

Background: Vancomycin is a prevalent cause of the severe hypersensitivity syndrome drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), which leads to significant morbidity and mortality and commonly occurs in the setting of combination antibiotic therapy, affecting future treatment choices. Variations in HLA class I in particular have been associated with serious T cell-mediated adverse drug reactions, which has led to preventive screening strategies for some drugs.

Objective: We sought to determine whether variation in the HLA region is associated with vancomycin-induced DRESS. Read More

Cell 2019 Mar 14;176(6):1367-1378.e8. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:

The root cap surrounding the tip of plant roots is thought to protect the delicate stem cells in the root meristem. We discovered that the first layer of root cap cells is covered by an electron-opaque cell wall modification resembling a plant cuticle. Cuticles are polyester-based protective structures considered exclusive to aerial plant organs. Read More

Am J Infect Control 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research-Monash Health Partnership, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: Health service hand hygiene programs have seen widespread use of chlorhexidine solutions. Reports of both immediate and delayed hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine are increasing among health care workers. This study examined the prevalence of self-reported symptoms of sensitivity to chlorhexidine solutions among health care workers. Read More

Hip Int 2018 Nov;28(2_suppl):35-42

3 IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Hip Department, Milan, Italy.

Introduction:: Failures due to adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) have become an area of common focus among surgeons performing hip replacements. Several authors have reported data on the prevalence of these masses, in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients after either large-diameter head metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hip resurfacing arthroplasty, with a large variability of rate. To our knowledge, few data are reported on the association of this lesion with the use of small-head diameter MoM. Read More

Expert Opin Drug Saf 2019 Mar 22;18(3):173-185. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

c Division of Surgery , University College London, Northwick Park Institute of Medical Research Campus , London , UK.

Introduction: The use of antibiotics prenatally, during pregnancy, or neonatally may have adverse effects on the neonatal gut microbiome, and adversely affect the development of the infant immune system, leading to childhood atopy, asthma, allergy and obesity. Areas covered: Vaginal eubiosis and dysbiosis from molecular-based, cultivation-independent techniques, and how this affects the neonatal gut microbiome and early development of the immune system, the association between maternal antibiotics and the beneficial role of vitamin D in the development of atopy, asthma, allergy and obesity, efforts to reduce the use of antibiotics in pregnancy and therapeutic interventions such as vaginal 'seeding', probiotics, breastfeeding and neonatal dietary supplementation. Expert opinion: Currently available research gives insufficient attention to confounding variables. Read More

Allergy 2019 Feb 9. Epub 2019 Feb 9.

Allergy Section, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.

J Invest Dermatol 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taipei and Keelung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a life-threatening disorder with an estimated mortality rate of 2%. Recently, type II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been implicated as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of allergic disorders. However, the roles of ILC2s and ILC2-associated cytokines in DRESS remain unclear. Read More

Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Allergy Unit, Département de Pneumologie et Addictologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Background: There is no perfect agreement on how to perform an allergy workup in suspected beta-lactam (BL)-allergic children, since skin test (ST)-induced pain is often a limitation. The aim of the study was to assess the possibility of reducing the number of ST in children when performing a complete allergy workup for BL hypersensitivity reactions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients referring to the Allergy Unit of the University Hospital of Montpellier (France) with positive responses in immediateand non-immediate-reading ST to a BL over a 16-year period was performed, to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of ST. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2019 Jan;39(Supplement_1):S36-S48

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.

Currently, there is a dearth of information regarding the degree of particle shedding from breast implants (BIs) and what are the general biological consequences of BI debris. Thus, it is unclear to what degree BI debris compromises the long-term biological performance of BIs. For orthopedic implants, it is well established that the severity of biological reactivity to implant debris governs long-term clinical performance. Read More

J Formos Med Assoc 2019 Apr 28;118(4):843-848. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Although hypersensitivity reaction to insulin was supposed to be less-frequent with current insulin analogue, case reports with different types of allergic reactions to insulin analogue were still reported. The most common form is type I hypersensitivity reaction with IgE-mediated. Besides, type III (IgG and IgM-mediated) and type IV (T-cell mediated delayed reaction) hypersensitivity reactions were also reported. Read More

Respir Med 2019 Feb 9;147:44-50. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Background: Delayed drug hypersensitivity to first-line anti-tuberculosis medication is a major challenge in tuberculosis treatment.

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the efficacy/tolerability of desensitization therapy in treatment of first-line anti-tuberculosis medication hypersensitivity and the usefulness of immunologic evaluation therein.

Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective, observational cohort study. Read More

Diabetologia 2019 May 31;62(5):811-821. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Diabetes Research Institute and Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1450 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.

Aims/hypothesis: Patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes transplanted with pancreatic islets to their liver experience significant improvement in quality of life through better control of blood sugar and enhanced awareness of hypoglycaemia. However, long-term survival and efficacy of the intrahepatic islet transplant are limited owing to liver-specific complications, such as immediate blood-mediated immune reaction, hypoxia, a highly enzymatic and inflammatory environment and locally elevated levels of drugs including immunosuppressive agents, all of which are injurious to islets. This has spurred a search for new islet transplant sites and for innovative ways to achieve long-term graft survival and efficacy without life-long systemic immunosuppression and its complications. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Jan 30;9(1):965. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.

Females have more robust immune responses than males, well-illustrated by the degree of inflammation elicited during delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses. Here, we have investigated underlying sex differences that may contribute to differential footpad DTH responses using wildtype and four core genotypes (FCG) mice and popliteal lymphnode cellularity and gene expression. DTH responses in XX and XY FCG females showed no role for almost all genes expressed on sex chromosomes. Read More