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J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 37232; Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, AUS, 6150; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 37232; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 37232. Electronic address:

Background: Vancomycin is a prevalent cause of the severe hypersensitivity syndrome drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) which leads to significant morbidity and mortality and commonly occurs in the setting of combination antibiotic therapy which impacts future treatment choices. Variations in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I in particular have been associated with serious T-cell mediated adverse drug reactions which has led to preventive screening strategies for some drugs.

Objective: To determine if variation in the HLA region is associated with vancomycin-induced DRESS. Read More

Cell 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:

The root cap surrounding the tip of plant roots is thought to protect the delicate stem cells in the root meristem. We discovered that the first layer of root cap cells is covered by an electron-opaque cell wall modification resembling a plant cuticle. Cuticles are polyester-based protective structures considered exclusive to aerial plant organs. Read More

Am J Infect Control 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research-Monash Health Partnership, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: Health service hand hygiene programs have seen widespread use of chlorhexidine solutions. Reports of both immediate and delayed hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine are increasing among health care workers. This study examined the prevalence of self-reported symptoms of sensitivity to chlorhexidine solutions among health care workers. Read More

Contact Dermatitis 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Dermatology, University of Tours, France.

Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated contrast media (ICM) are rare and occur within 1 hour after infusion, but also up to 7 days later. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Read More

Hip Int 2018 Nov;28(2_suppl):35-42

3 IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Hip Department, Milan, Italy.

Introduction:: Failures due to adverse reaction to metal debris (ARMD) have become an area of common focus among surgeons performing hip replacements. Several authors have reported data on the prevalence of these masses, in both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients after either large-diameter head metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hip resurfacing arthroplasty, with a large variability of rate. To our knowledge, few data are reported on the association of this lesion with the use of small-head diameter MoM. Read More

Allergy 2019 Feb 9. Epub 2019 Feb 9.

Allergy Section. Internal Medicine Department.Hospital, Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.

J Invest Dermatol 2019 Feb 5. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taipei and Keelung, Taiwan; Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptom (DRESS) is life-threatening disorder with an estimated mortality of 2%. Recently, type II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) has been implicated as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of allergic disorders. However, whether the roles of ILC2s and ILC2-associated cytokines in DRESS remain unclear. Read More

Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2019 Feb 7. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Allergy Unit, Département de Pneumologie et Addictologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, France.

There is no perfect agreement on how to perform an allergy work-up in suspected beta-lactam (BL) allergic children, since skin test (ST)-induced pain is often a limitation. The aim of the study was to assess the possibility of reducing the number of ST in children when performing a complete allergy work-up for BL hypersensitivity reactions. A retrospective analysis of all patients referring to the Allergy Unit of the University Hospital of Montpellier (France) with positive responses in immediate- and non-immediate-reading ST to a BL over a 16-years period was performed, to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of ST. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2019 Jan;39(Supplement_1):S36-S48

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.

Currently, there is a dearth of information regarding the degree of particle shedding from breast implants (BIs) and what are the general biological consequences of BI debris. Thus, it is unclear to what degree BI debris compromises the long-term biological performance of BIs. For orthopedic implants, it is well established that the severity of biological reactivity to implant debris governs long-term clinical performance. Read More

J Formos Med Assoc 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Although hypersensitivity reaction to insulin was supposed to be less-frequent with current insulin analogue, case reports with different types of allergic reactions to insulin analogue were still reported. The most common form is type I hypersensitivity reaction with IgE-mediated. Besides, type III (IgG and IgM-mediated) and type IV (T-cell mediated delayed reaction) hypersensitivity reactions were also reported. Read More

Respir Med 2019 Feb 9;147:44-50. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Background: Delayed drug hypersensitivity to first-line anti-tuberculosis medication is a major challenge in tuberculosis treatment.

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the efficacy/tolerability of desensitization therapy in treatment of first-line anti-tuberculosis medication hypersensitivity and the usefulness of immunologic evaluation therein.

Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective, observational cohort study. Read More

Diabetologia 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Diabetes Research Institute and Cell Transplant Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1450 NW 10th Ave, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.

Aims/hypothesis: Patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes transplanted with pancreatic islets to their liver experience significant improvement in quality of life through better control of blood sugar and enhanced awareness of hypoglycaemia. However, long-term survival and efficacy of the intrahepatic islet transplant are limited owing to liver-specific complications, such as immediate blood-mediated immune reaction, hypoxia, a highly enzymatic and inflammatory environment and locally elevated levels of drugs including immunosuppressive agents, all of which are injurious to islets. This has spurred a search for new islet transplant sites and for innovative ways to achieve long-term graft survival and efficacy without life-long systemic immunosuppression and its complications. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 Jan 30;9(1):965. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.

Females have more robust immune responses than males, well-illustrated by the degree of inflammation elicited during delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses. Here, we have investigated underlying sex differences that may contribute to differential footpad DTH responses using wildtype and four core genotypes (FCG) mice and popliteal lymphnode cellularity and gene expression. DTH responses in XX and XY FCG females showed no role for almost all genes expressed on sex chromosomes. Read More

PLoS One 2019 30;14(1):e0210965. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Bionor Immuno AS, Oslo, Norway.

Background: Vacc-4x, a therapeutic HIV vaccine candidate has previously induced a significant reduction in viral load (VL) set-point compared to placebo upon interruption of combination anti-retroviral therapy (ART) (2007/1 study). This study, (2012/1), explored the potential to maintain Vacc-4x effect by re-boosting eligible 2007/1 study participants.

Methods: Participant inclusion required 2007/1 participants to have completed all Vacc-4x immunizations and interrupted ART for up to 26 weeks. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Jan 29. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

we read with interest the study by Visseaux et al., entitled "T-cell papulosis associated with B-cell malignancies: a distinctive clinicopathologic entity". Herein, the authors reviewed retrospectively 37 patients with B-cell malignancies, mostly B-cells chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL), showing recurrent episodes of pruritic papules, papulo-vesicles or nodules. Read More

J Postgrad Med 2019 Jan-Mar;65(1):52-55

Department of Pathology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Fibrosing mediastinitis (FM) is characterized by extensive and invasive fibro-inflammatory proliferation, triggered by a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to variety of infective or noninfective stimuli. The infective agents often have a geographic distribution such as Histoplasma capsulatum in North America and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Asian regions. In few reports, the mediastinitis is caused by fungi, particularly Aspergillus species. Read More

Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2019 Jan 28:1-9. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

a National Poisons Centre , University of Otago , Dunedin , New Zealand.

Introduction: Sodium hypochlorite is used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent and is commonly found in household bleach.

Objective: The objective is to review critically the epidemiology, mechanisms of toxicity, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of hypochlorite poisoning.

Methods: PubMed was searched from January 1950 to June 2018 using the terms "Hypochlorite", "Sodium Hypochlorite", "Sodium Oxychloride", "Hypochlorous Acid", "Bleach", "Chlorine Bleach", in combination with the keywords "poisoning", "poison", "toxicity", "ingestion", "adverse effects", "overdose", and "intoxication". Read More

J Invest Dermatol 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Australia; Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. Electronic address:

Animal and human studies show that exposure to solar-simulated ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is immunomodulatory. Human studies using natural sun exposure and controlling for confounding are rare. We immunised 217 healthy adults (18-40 years) with a T-cell dependent antigen, keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) and measured personal clothing-adjusted UVR (ca-UVR) exposure (for five days before and after immunisation), lifetime cumulative UVR exposure, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration at immunisation, and potential confounding factors. Read More

Contact Dermatitis 2019 Jan 26. Epub 2019 Jan 26.

Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.

Background: It is discussed if routinely patch testing p-phenylenediamine (PPD) 1.0 % petrolatum is safe due to the risk of patch test sensitization. Late appearing patch test reactions may reflect patch test sensitization, but may also be due to a low degree of pre-existing sensitization. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 Feb 5;17(2):1113-1124. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.

Contrast agents are used in radiology to increase the sensibility and specificity of radiological techniques. Some of these compounds have side effects that include organ toxicity (with kidney being the most affected organ) and hypersensitivity reactions. We performed multiple PubMed searches from January, 2008 to January, 2018 for studies regarding adverse reactions to compounds used as contrast agents in imagistic techniques. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2018 Aug 15;24(8). Epub 2018 Aug 15.

University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.

Granuloma annulare is a benign inflammatory skin disease potentially related to a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the dermis. Generalized granuloma annulare (GGA) manifests as diffuse skin-colored to erythematous annular or nummular plaques affecting at least the trunk and either upper or lower extremities, or both. GGA is resistant to many therapeutic modalities, making it difficult to treat. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2019 Jan 18:e12832. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.

SJS/TEN are spectrum of rare, acute and life-threatening delayed-type drug hypersensitivity reactions that are associated with high mortality rates. However, no therapeutic standard has been proposed for SJS/TEN. Here, we report a case of a patient diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome whose disease progression was halted by a single dose of etanercept and was treated successfully. Read More

PLoS One 2019 17;14(1):e0210336. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America.

Metal hypersensitivity has been recognized as an adverse biologic reaction that can compromise total joint arthroplasty (TJA) performance. However, the etiology of metal hypersensitivity responses in TJAs remains unclear. Metal implant debris is known to act as a danger signal that drives NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Read More

FEBS Open Bio 2019 Jan 11;9(1):137-147. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Departamento de Inmunología Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM Mexico City Mexico.

We have previously reported that the absence of inhibins results in impaired dendritic cell (DC) maturation and function, leading to decreased T cell activation and diminished delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. Here, we investigated the role of inhibins in peripheral regulatory T cell (Treg) induction and . Inhibin deficient (Inhα) mice showed an increased percentage of peripherally induced Tregs in colonic lamina propria and mesenteric lymph nodes, compared to Inhα mice, which correlated with increased expression of PD-L1 in CD103 and CD8α DCs. Read More

Dermatitis 2018 Dec 18. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Department of Dermatology, Loma Linda University, CA.

Allergic contact dermatitis is a common disease within the family of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. In more severe cases of allergic contact dermatitis, topical steroids may prove insufficient, and systemic therapeutic agents are often used. Even when systemic therapies such as cyclosporine lead to improvement, withdrawal of these agents is challenging and can lead to undesirable morbidities. Read More

J Food Drug Anal 2019 Jan 2;27(1):195-207. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarshini Hills, Kottayam, 686560, Kerala, India. Electronic address:

Acacia catechu L., (Fabaceae) named as "catechu" is a plant, the decoction of heartwood of which is daily consumed as thirst quencher by a good percentage of the population in South India. The plant is mainly distributed in India and other Asian countries. Read More

J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2019 Jan;25(1):68-74

Unit of Digestive Disease, Campus Bio Medico University of Rome, Italy.

Background/aims: The role of esophageal motility in determining gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) severity has not been completely evaluated. A few studies have investigated high-resolution manometry (HRM) patterns during solid swallows. The present study evaluates the HRM patterns of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) patients during both liquid and solid swallows and their correlation with the severity of GERD. Read More

Scand J Gastroenterol 2019 Jan 13:1-10. Epub 2019 Jan 13.

a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine , University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.

Objectives: Idiopathic gastroparesis is a gastric motility disorder characterized by chronic upper gastrointestinal symptoms and delayed gastric emptying without an identifiable underlying condition. This review summarizes recent understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of idiopathic gastroparesis.

Materials And Methods: Structured literature search in the PubMed, Embase and ClinicalTrials. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Jan 10;11(1). Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, University of Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

Rotaviruses are the main cause of acute diarrhea among young children worldwide with an increased frequency of reinfection. Several life style factors, such as dietary components, may influence such processes by affecting the outcome of the first rotavirus infection and therefore having a beneficial impact on the anti-rotavirus immune responses during any subsequent reinfections. The aim of this research was to develop a double-infection model in rat that mimics real-life clinical scenarios and would be useful in testing whether nutritional compounds can modulate the rotavirus-associated disease and immune response. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 01 11;13(1):e0007067. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.

Background: The vector-borne disease leishmaniasis is transmitted to humans by infected female sand flies, which transmits Leishmania parasites together with saliva during blood feeding. In Iran, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by Leishmania (L.) major and L. Read More

Elife 2019 Jan 10;8. Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.

The innervation of the mammary gland is controlled by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and sexually dimorphic sequestering of BDNF by the truncated form of TrkB (TrkB.T1) directs male-specific axonal pruning in mice. It is unknown whether other cues modulate these processes. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2019 Jan 9. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Atlanta Oral Pathology, Emory Decatur Hospital, Emory University School of Medicine, 2701 N. Decatur Road, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA.

Granulomatous lesions of the orofacial region are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by a granulomatous reaction to a variety of stimuli. Infectious agents, foreign material, systemic inflammation and metabolic disorders can all be associated with granulomatous inflammation. In the orofacial region primary causes of granulomatosis include foreign body reaction, delayed hypersensitivity to topical agents and idiopathic orofacial granulomatosis. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 01 8;10(1):87. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

The Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.

Mutations in the ATM tumor suppressor gene confer hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents. To explore genetic resistance mechanisms, we performed genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screens in cells treated with the DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor topotecan. Thus, we here establish that inactivating terminal components of the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) machinery or of the BRCA1-A complex specifically confer topotecan resistance to ATM-deficient cells. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2019 Jan 7. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Background: Granuloma annulare (GA), a benign inflammatory skin disease, is considered a Th1-type delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Localized GA is likely to resolve spontaneously, whereas disseminated GA (DGA) may persist for decades and can be resistant to treatment. Biologics including TNF-α inhibitors have been proposed and utilized as salvage therapy for GA and other related diseases, interstitial granulomatous dermatitis (IGD), and actinic granuloma (AG). Read More

World Allergy Organ J 2018 19;11(1):42. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Room 5002N Hale BTM Building, Boston, MA 02115 USA.

This article is one of a series of international consensus documents developed from the International Drug Allergy Symposium held at the Joint Congress of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology/World Allergy Organization on March 1, 2018, in Orlando, Florida, USA. The symposium was sponsored by The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: , and The World Allergy Organization Journal and chaired by Mariana Castells, MD, PhD, and Pascal Demoly, MD, PhD. Read More

World Allergy Organ J 2018 19;11(1):41. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

4Univiersity of Iowa and the Iowa City VA, Iowa City, IA USA.

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018 Dec 25;28:155-158. Epub 2018 Dec 25.

Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Erythema nodosum is an uncommon cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction characterized by tender round slightly raised red nodules that become bruise-like and then resolve without scarring. It may be caused by infections, pregnancy, malignancy, systemic illnesses, or idiopathic. Several drugs have been reported in association with erythema nodosum including oral contraceptive pills, penicillin, and sulphonamides. Read More

Gene 2019 Apr 27;691:34-44. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Northern Yellow-huai River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan 250100, China.. Electronic address:

Sucrose non-fermenting-1 (SNF1) -related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1) is a key regulator of catabolic homeostasis and plays critical roles in plant development and stress response. In this study, three SNF1-related protein kinase 1 genes, ZmSnRK1.1, ZmSnRK1. Read More

Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2019 Jan 19;207:31-35. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Av. Rivadavia 1917, CABA, Argentina; Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Mar del Plata, CP 7620 Balcarce, Argentina. Electronic address:

The aim of this study was to evaluate delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by the intradermal inoculation of a Neospora caninum tachyzoite soluble lysate in cattle previously exposed with the protozoa. Four experimental groups were selected according to the prior exposure to N. caninum antigen. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2018 Dec 21;111:224-235. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India. Electronic address:

Leishmaniasis is a parasite-mediated tropical disease affecting millions of individuals worldwide. The available antileishmanial chemotherapeutic modalities exhibit adverse toxicity, exorbitant price and advent of drug-resistant parasites. Hence, plant-derived products are an alternative preference for the emergence of novel and effective antileishmanial agents that rejuvenate the host immunity with limited toxicity. Read More

Allergy Asthma Proc 2019 Jan;40(1):57-61

Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

Ten percent of hospitalized patients report penicillin allergy; however, recent studies indicate that ∼98% of these patients are not acutely hypersensitive. Unconfirmed penicillin allergy poses public health risks, and an evaluation of penicillin allergy labels is recommended to improve antibiotic stewardship. Although the most widely accepted protocol is penicillin skin testing, followed by oral amoxicillin challenge, time constraints and resources may preclude this. Read More

Biol Open 2019 Jan 14;8(1). Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan

Specialized microdomains which have cholesterol-rich membrane regions contain transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) are involved in pain development. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the depletion of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) - a membrane-bound ectonucleotidase -- and disordered adenosine signaling reduce the antinociceptive effect. The role of membrane integrity in the PAP-mediated antinociceptive effect in small-fiber neuropathy remains unclear, especially with respect to whether TRPV1 and PAP are colocalized in the same microdomain which is responsible for PAP-mediated antinociception. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019 Jan 17;7(1):61-65. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

The risk for developing immediate or delayed hypersensitivity reactions to radiocontrast media (RCM) interferes with the diagnosis and treatment of a number of patients requiring imaging diagnostic methods for many common diseases. A group of experts met in Orlando, Florida, in March 2018 to analyze the similarities and differences in the management of RCM reactions in different areas of the world. This paper presents a summary of the recommendations provided by this consensus group, highlighting controversial issues and unmet needs that require further research. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019 Jan 17;143(1):66-73. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Dermatology and Allergy Department, Tenon Hospital, Medecine Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Assistance publique-hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France.

Controversies exist with regard to in vivo approaches to delayed immunologically mediated adverse drug reactions, such as exanthem (maculopapular eruption), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis, and fixed drug eruptions. In particular, widespread differences exist between regions and practice on the availability and use of intradermal and patch testing, the standard drug concentrations used, the use of additional drugs in intradermal and patch testing to help determine cross-reactivity, the timing of testing in relation to the occurrence of the adverse drug reaction, the use of testing in specific phenotypes, and the use of oral challenge in conjunction with delayed intradermal and patch testing to ascertain drug tolerance. It was noted that there have been advances in the science of delayed T cell-mediated reactions that have shed light on immunopathogenesis and provided a mechanism of preprescription screening in the case of HLA-B*57:01 and abacavir hypersensitivity and HLA-B*15:02 and carbamazepine Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in Southeast Asian subjects. Read More

Dermatitis 2019 Jan/Feb;30(1):46-53

Department of Dermatology, Loma Linda University, CA.

Allergic contact dermatitis is a common disease within the family of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. In more severe cases of allergic contact dermatitis, topical steroids may prove insufficient, and systemic therapeutic agents are often used. Even when systemic therapies such as cyclosporine lead to improvement, withdrawal of these agents is challenging and can lead to undesirable morbidities. Read More

Front Physiol 2018 5;9:1696. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Anti-tick vaccines have the potential to be an environmentally friendly and cost-effective option for tick control. In vaccine development, the identification of efficacious antigens forms the major bottleneck. In this study, the efficacy of immunization with recombinant ferritin 2 and native tick protein extracts (TPEs) against infestations in calves was assessed in two immunization experiments. Read More

Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat 2018 Dec;27(4):203-205

Occupational Medicine Center of Ravenna, Lugo, Italy.

Thiocolchicoside is a muscle relaxant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic. Administered orally, intramuscularly, or topically, this drug is used in the symptomatic treatment of muscular spasms and rheumatologic disorders. Despite its extensive use, thiocolchicoside is a very rare sensitizer. Read More

Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Research Section, Uppsala Monitoring Centre, Uppsala, Sweden.

Purpose: Drug-induced aseptic meningitis (DIAM) is an inflammation of the membranes of the central nervous system caused by certain medications. It is a rare clinical entity whose risk factors are not yet fully elucidated. A local pattern of disproportionality within a global database of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) revealed an increased reporting of aseptic meningitis and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AC) in males. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Jan 5;109:1000-1007. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway; Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway.

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is known as a multi-systemic and complex illness, which induces fatigue and long-term disability in educational, occupational, social, or personal activities. The diagnosis of this disease is difficult, due to lacking a proper and suited diagnostic laboratory test, besides to its multifaceted symptoms. Numerous factors, including environmental and immunological issues, and a large spectrum of CFS symptoms, have recently been reported. Read More

Eur J Immunol 2019 Feb 4;49(2):348-350. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Invariant NKT cells were stimulated with cholesteryl O-acyl α-glycosides in the context of CD1d. The activated NKT cells have potential to sustain the homeostasis in the body exposed to excess in either Th1- or Th2-immunity. Read More