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Turk J Emerg Med 2018 Jun 26;18(2):82-84. Epub 2018 Feb 26.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.

A 74-year-old male with chronic kidney disease presented to the emergency department with asystole. Mechanical chest compression was started immediately using a piston-type thumper device. The initial potassium level was 7. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2016 Mar;28(3):285-8

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common serious complications in critically ill patients, and it is an independent risk factor for death. In recent years, renal replacement therapy (RRT) has become one of the routine treatments for AKI patients, however there is no accepted consensus on the optimal timing of RRT over the world. This paper reviewed the clinical studies carried out by researchers in the field of critical care and nephrology, thereby summarized and analyzed the related parameters of the optimal time to carry out, with the exception of previously acknowledged classic RRT indications such as hyperkalemia, severe metabolic acidosis, volume overload and so on. Read More

Scand J Pain 2017 Dec 29;5(2):63-71. Epub 2017 Dec 29.

Institute of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Haus 30, 24105 Kiel, Germany.

Objective No single drug is broadly efficacious in the long-term treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Spironolactone is known to ameliorate mood and tension headache or migraine in women with premenstrual syndrome or clinical signs of hyperandrogenism. In a case series of women with treatment resistant FMS spironolactone was therefore added to their medication, and they were observed for at least 12 months. Read More

Kidney Int 2018 Jun 13. Epub 2018 Jun 13.

Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; University of Michigan, Department of Internal Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

The benefits of renin angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) are well-established in the general population, particularly among those with diabetes, congestive heart failure (CHF), or coronary artery disease (CAD). However, conflicting evidence from trials and concerns about hyperkalemia limit RAASi use in hemodialysis patients, relative to other antihypertensive agents, including beta blockers and calcium channel blockers. Therefore, we investigated prescription patterns and associations with mortality for RAASi and other antihypertensive agents using data from the international Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS). Read More

J Clin Pharm Ther 2018 Jun 16. Epub 2018 Jun 16.

Department of Pharmacy, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan.

What Is Known And Objective: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) represent the cornerstones of hypertension and congestive heart failure treatment. Risk factors for hyperkalaemia associated with ACEI and ARB are chronic kidney disease and concomitant medications which increase serum potassium level. Body mass index (BMI) also affects pharmacokinetics of ACEI and ARB and potassium disposition. Read More

J Zoo Wildl Med 2018 Jun;49(2):505-507

  Two jaguars were anesthetized with dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and isoflurane. Arterial blood samples analyzed shortly after darting revealed no abnormalities. Samples analyzed 2 and 1. Read More

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2018 Jun 13;46(3):163-175. Epub 2018 Jun 13.

Canine hypoadrenocorticism (HoAC) results from a loss of functional adrenal cortex, the most common etiology of which is an immune-mediated destruction leading to an inadequate production of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. The term "atypical" HoAC is used for a subgroup of dogs with either an isolated glucocorticoid deficiency or a combined glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiency but normal electrolytes. Dogs with HoAC can present with a large variety of clinical signs, ranging from shaking, weakness, and mild gastrointestinal signs to seizures, hypovolemic shock, and collapse. Read More

Eur J Heart Fail 2018 Jun 8. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

J Int Med Res 2018 Jan 1:300060518776426. Epub 2018 Jan 1.

1 Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, China.

Objective Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is well suited for treating metabolic abnormalities and renal insufficiency associated with tumour lysis syndrome (TLS). However, there is controversy regarding the choice of time for CRRT, the selection of CRRT models, and methods of decreasing complications of CRRT. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of daytime continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVH) for treating paediatric TLS. Read More

J Nephrol 2018 Jun 7. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Nephrology Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Leghorn, Italy.

Chronic hyperkalemia is a major complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that occurs frequently, heralds poor prognosis, and necessitates careful management by the nephrologist. Current strategies aimed at prevention and treatment of hyperkalemia are still suboptimal, as evidenced by the relatively high prevalence of hyperkalemia in patients under stable nephrology care, and even in the ideal setting of randomized trials where best treatment and monitoring are mandatory. The aim of this review was to identify and discuss a range of unresolved issues related to the management of chronic hyperkalemia in non-dialysis CKD. Read More

J Emerg Med 2018 Jun 2. Epub 2018 Jun 2.

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California.

Background: Periodic paralysis is a rare complication of hyperthyroidism. Patients of East Asian descent are most commonly affected. Presentation is characterized by recurrent episodes of painless, abrupt-onset weakness, with laboratory evaluation characterized by profound hypokalemia. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Jun 4;2018. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sarikei Hospital, Sarikei, Sarawak, Malaysia.

Hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis is a rare skeletal muscle disorder which is characterised by episodic muscle paralysis associated with hyperkalaemia. Although it is an autosomal-dominant disease, cases of de novo mutations have been reported. We report the case of a 30-year-old woman, gravida 5 para 3+1, who was planned for an elective repeated caesarean section at 38 weeks and 3 days of pregnancy. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2018 May 10. Epub 2018 May 10.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, United States.

Introduction: Complications associated with the emergency department (ED) management of hyperkalemia are not well characterized. The goals of this study were to describe the frequency of hypoglycemia following the use of insulin to shift potassium intracellularly and to examine the association of key variables with this complication.

Methods: Adult ED patients (≥18 years old) with hyperkalemia (>5. Read More

Pharmacogenomics J 2018 Jun 1. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.

We evaluated interactions of SNP-by-ACE-I/ARB and SNP-by-TD on serum potassium (K+) among users of antihypertensive treatments (anti-HTN). Our study included seven European-ancestry (EA) (N = 4835) and four African-ancestry (AA) cohorts (N = 2016). We performed race-stratified, fixed-effect, inverse-variance-weighted meta-analyses of 2. Read More

Ther Adv Drug Saf 2018 Jun 11;9(6):323-329. Epub 2018 Apr 11.

Department of Pharmacy, Indiana University Health University Hospital, Indianapolis Indiana, USA.

Background: Hyperkalemia is an electrolyte abnormality that may cause ventricular dysrhythmias and cardiac arrest. The presence of hyperkalemia may necessitate prompt treatment intravenous insulin and dextrose. One notable complication of this therapy is the development of hypoglycemia. Read More

Bioinorg Chem Appl 2018 5;2018:5825929. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Background: Sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) can be initially established in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA); however, the early postresuscitation hemodynamics can still be impaired by high levels of serum potassium (hyperkalemia). The impact of different potassium levels on early postresuscitation heart function has remained unclear. We aim to analyze the relationship between different levels of serum potassium and postresuscitation heart function during the early postresuscitation period (the first hour after achieving sustained ROSC). Read More

Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2017 Nov 6;1(4):430-432. Epub 2017 Oct 6.

University Hospital Basel, Department of Emergency Medicine, Basel, Switzerland.

Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2018 May 14;2(2):163-164. Epub 2018 Mar 14.

Maricopa Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona.

Gynecol Oncol Rep 2018 May 24;24:21-23. Epub 2018 Feb 24.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamagata University, Faculty of medicine, Iidanishi 2-2-2, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncological life-threatening complication characterized by hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hyperkalemia, which can lead to acute renal failure, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest and seizures. Although TLS is a rare complication in patients with non-hematological malignancy, the mortality rate of TLS in solid tumors is higher than that in hematological malignancies. Acute renal injury is the most common cause of mortality associated with TLS in solid tumors. Read More

Pediatrics 2018 Jun;141(6)

University of Rennes, Rennes, France.

Objectives: The safety of oral propranolol for infantile hemangioma has not yet been studied at population level since the pediatric use marketing authorization was obtained in Europe.

Methods: A survey of a nationwide, claim-based observational cohort of children <3 years old, with at least 1 delivery of oral propranolol between July 2014 and June 2016, was performed by using the database of the French National Health Insurance system. Standardized morbidity ratios (SMRs) were calculated by using, from the same database, a representative random sample of nonexposed subjects. Read More

Indian J Med Res 2018 Feb;147(2):142-150

Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research & Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Background & Objectives: : Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is rarely diagnosed in patients with HIV infection, in spite of autopsy studies showing very high rates of adrenal involvement. This study was aimed to determine the presence, patterns and predictors of AI in patients with HIV infection.

Methods: : Consecutive HIV patients, 18-70 yr age, without any severe co-morbid state, having at least one-year follow up at the antiretroviral therapy clinic, underwent clinical assessment and hormone assays. Read More

Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2018 May;34(5):271-276

Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Zhejiang Quhua Hospital, Quzhou 324004, China.

To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with hydrofluoric acid (HF) burns. Clinical data of 316 patients with HF burns admitted to Zhejiang Quhua Hospital from January 2004 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into non and mild poisoning group (NMP, =157), moderate poisoning group (MP, =120), and severe and fatal poisoning group (SFP, =39) based on the severity of poisoning. Read More

Clin Drug Investig 2018 May 26. Epub 2018 May 26.

School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, South Korea.

Background And Objective: Utility provides a preference for specific health state in economic evaluation, and they obtained from general population could be useful in respect of societal resource allocation. We aimed to investigate the utilities of health states for heart failure (HF), a major and growing public health problem, related to hospitalization and adverse drug effects by interrogating the general Korean population.

Methods: Five health states for patients with HF were developed based on literature reviews: stable chronic heart failure (SCHF), hospitalization, SCHF + cough, SCHF + hypotension, and SCHF + hyperkalemia. Read More

JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2018 May;4(5):701-703

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Electronic address:

Diabet Med 2018 May 23. Epub 2018 May 23.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Aims: To examine the incidence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of hyperkalaemia in people with diabetes in a real-world setting.

Methods: Using Danish health registries, we identified a population-based cohort of people with first-time drug-treated diabetes, in the period 2000-2012. First, the cumulative incidence of hyperkalaemia, defined as first blood test with potassium level >5. Read More

Diabet Med 2018 May 23. Epub 2018 May 23.

Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Hypertension Center, Section of Endocrinology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.

Hyperkalaemia is traditionally defined as serum potassium levels >5.5 mmol/l and is associated with an elevated risk of adverse events and mortality. The renin angiotensin aldosterone system plays a pivotal role in potassium regulation [1,2], with aldosterone being a major regulator of potassium balance in the kidney. Read More

J Am Heart Assoc 2018 May 22;7(11). Epub 2018 May 22.

Division of Cardiology, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC.

J Am Heart Assoc 2018 May 22;7(11). Epub 2018 May 22.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Background: Data on the true burden of hyperkalemia in patients with heart failure (HF) in a real-world setting are limited.

Methods And Results: Incidence rates of hyperkalemia (first blood test with a potassium level >5.0 mmol/L) in primary or hospital care were assessed in a population-based cohort of patients with incident HF diagnoses in northern Denmark from 2000 to 2012. Read More

G Ital Nefrol 2018 May;35(3)

UOC Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale S. Maria della Scaletta, Imola, Italia.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE-I) inhibitors and ARBs have shown real efficacy in reducing blood pressure, proteinuria, in slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease (MRC) and in clinical improvement. in patients with heart failure, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease. However, their use is limited by some side effects such as the increase in serum potassium (K), which can be particularly severe in patients with renal insufficiency. Read More

Ital J Pediatr 2018 May 21;44(1):56. Epub 2018 May 21.

Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Background: Birth asphyxia is defined as the presence of hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acidosis leading the newborn to systemic disturbances probably electrolyte disturbance also. Knowledge of these electrolyte disturbances is very valuable as it can be an important parameter affecting perinatal morbidity, mortality and ongoing management.

Methods: Serum sodium, potassium and ionized calcium of asphyxiated term newborn were sent within one hour of birth as per the inclusion criteria. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 May 22;12(1):143. Epub 2018 May 22.

Department of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

Background: Rhabdomyolysis is a rare but serious complication of lipid-lowering therapy. Statin and fibrate combination increases the risk of rhabdomyolysis possibly by pharmacodynamic interactions. Advanced age, diabetes, hypothyroidism, polypharmacy, and renal impairment are known to increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 27;2018:1716420. Epub 2018 Mar 27.

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy is associated with high mortality. The study assessed the impact of the introduction of hemodialysis (HD) on outcomes of patients with AKI in Rwanda.

Methods: A single center retrospective study that evaluated the clinical profile and survival outcomes of patients with AKI requiring HD [AKI-D] at a tertiary hospital in Rwanda. Read More

Intern Med 2018 May 18. Epub 2018 May 18.

Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Japan.

Axitinib has emerged as a promising antineoplastic agent for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Although the administration of axitinib was well-tolerated in clinical trials, the real-world safety and tolerability remain unverified. We herein report a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who suddenly developed life-threatening hyperkalemia following the initiation of axitinib treatment. Read More

Herz 2018 May 18. Epub 2018 May 18.

Dept. of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.

The prevalence of heart failure has been steadily increasing during the past few years, with a further increase predicted in the years to come. Without treatment, the syndrome of heart failure has a very poor prognosis. Advances in drug treatments and the consequent implementation of a guideline-recommended drug therapy have significantly improved the prognosis in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Read More

Life Sci 2018 Jul 14;205:164-175. Epub 2018 May 14.

Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.

Aims: Electrolytes and trace elements dysregulation play an important role in the progression of obesity and diabetes complications. The present study was designed to evaluate the insulin sensitizing effects of peroxisomes proliferators activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) agonist on trace elements in obesity induced type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlate with serum visfatin.

Materials And Methods: Wistar rats were categorized into five groups. Read More

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2018 May;22(9):2839-2846

Intensive Care Unit, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.

Objective: To investigate the effects of hyperkalemia on the brain after I/R in h transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model.

Materials And Methods: A total of 120 adult male SD rats were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) hyperkalemia 80 µg/g (HK80) group; (2) hyperkalemia 40 µg/g (HK40) group; (3) normal saline (NS) group; (4) sham (SH) group. The concentration of serum K+ was elevated in HK80 and HK40 groups. Read More

ESC Heart Fail 2018 May 16. Epub 2018 May 16.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA.

Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in heart failure (HF) increases the risk of hyperkalaemia (HK), limiting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) use. Patiromer is a sodium-free, non-absorbed potassium binder approved for HK treatment. We retrospectively evaluated patiromer's long-term safety and efficacy in HF patients from AMETHYST-DN. Read More

J Small Anim Pract 2018 Jun 16;59(6):324-333. Epub 2018 May 16.

Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

Feline ureteral obstructions are an increasingly recognised and challenging diagnostic and management problem. Many cats with ureteral obstructions are critically ill at the time of diagnosis, especially if there is dysfunction of the contralateral kidney. They may present with varying severities of acute kidney injury, electrolyte disturbances, and may have comorbidities such as heart disease that complicate perioperative and long-term management. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue 2018 May;30(5):409-415

Department of Emergence, West China School of Public Health, No.4 West China Teaching Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China (Du Y); Critical Care and Emergency Laboratory, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China (Mou Y, Liu J). Corresponding author: Du Yu, Email:

Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of the individual-specific rapid potassium supplementation strategy, and to provide experimental basis for treating fatal severe hypokalemia.

Methods: An acute fatal severe hypokalemia model was reproduced in 20 healthy adult Japanese big ear white rabbits with half lethal dose (LD50) of barium chloride (BaCl) solution 168 mg×5 mL×kg. The rabbits were divided into conventional potassium supplementation group and individual-specific rapid potassium supplementation group according to random number table method with 10 rabbits in each group. Read More

JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2017 Sep 1;3(9):1058-1059. Epub 2017 Mar 1.

Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Cardiac Arrhythmia and Syncope Center, Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Electronic address:

Age Ageing 2018 May 11. Epub 2018 May 11.

St. Vincent de Paul Residence, Triq l-Ingiered, Luqa LQA 3000, Malta.

Pseudohyperkalaemia is defined as a rise in serum potassium with concomitantly normal plasma potassium. The case of long undiagnosed pseudohyperkalaemia in an 84-year-old lady with thrombocytosis post splenectomy is presented. Presenting a historical perspective and the multifactorial aetiology of pseudohyperkalaemia the author underlines the importance of detecting apparent hyperkalaemia by testing the plasma potassium. Read More

Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2018 Jun 9;67(3):208-214. Epub 2018 May 9.

Nephrology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario "Lozano Blesa", 15, avenida San Juan-Bosco, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

Malignant hypertension can cause thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) characterized by hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. On the other hand, severe hypertension is sometimes associated with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Distinguishing these entities is important because of therapeutic implications. Read More

Am J Med Sci 2018 May 2;355(5):418-424. Epub 2018 Feb 2.

Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. Electronic address:

Background: There is a lack of research on the effect of low dose of angiotensin receptor blockers combined with spironolactone, and the effect of high dose of angiotensin receptor blockers alone on the urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in elderly patients with early type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Methods: We conducted a prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-controlled study that included 244 elderly patients with early DN and mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Patients were randomly divided into 4 groups: low-dose irbesartan (group A), high-dose irbesartan (group B), low-dose irbesartan combined with spironolactone (group C) and high-dose irbesartan combined with spironolactone (group D). Read More

J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018 May 10. Epub 2018 May 10.

Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Australia.

Intense exercise induces pronounced hyperkalemia, followed by transient hypokalemia in recovery. We investigated whether the β-agonist salbutamol attenuated the exercise-hyperkalemia, and exacerbated the post-exercise hypokalemia, and whether hypokalemia was associated with impaired cardiac repolarization (QT hysteresis). Eleven healthy adults participated in a randomized, counterbalanced, double-blind trial receiving either 1000 µg salbutamol (SAL) or placebo (PLAC) by inhalation. Read More

Indian J Crit Care Med 2018 Apr;22(4):231-237

Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a challenging problem faced by intensive care clinicians worldwide, and it is associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in critically ill patients.

Materials And Methods: A hospital-based prospective, observational study was conducted in patients of AKI admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Department of Medicine in a rural tertiary care hospital located in central India. Data of all consecutive AKI inpatients related to demographic variables, clinical profile, and laboratory investigations were collected from patient's medical records. Read More

Blood Press 2018 May 9:1-9. Epub 2018 May 9.

a Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Faculty of Medicine , Medical University of Gdansk , Gdansk , Poland.

Background: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH) and aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) seem to be the most common causes of PA. Unilateral adrenalectomy (UA) is the preferred treatment for APA, although the benefits are still difficult to assess.

Case Report: We present a case report of a 69-year old man with a 30 year history of hypertension and probably long-standing PA due to APA, with typical organ complications. Read More

Korean J Anesthesiol 2018 May 9. Epub 2018 May 9.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chosun University School of Medicine, Gwangju, Korea.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common childhood muscular dystrophy that anesthesiologists can encounter in the operation room, and patients with DMD are susceptible to complications such as rhabdomyolysis, hyperkalemic cardiac arrest, and hyperthermia during the perioperative period. Acute onset of hyperkalemic cardiac arrest is a crisis because of the difficulty in achieving satisfactory resuscitation owing to the sustained hyperkalemia accompanied by rhabdomyolysis. We here report a case of a 13-year-old boy who had multiple leg fractures and other trauma after a car accident and who had suffered from acute hyperkalemic cardiac arrest. Read More

J Emerg Med 2018 May 3. Epub 2018 May 3.

Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Background: Hyperkalemia is a common electrolyte disorder that can result in morbidity and mortality if not managed appropriately.

Objectives: This review evaluates the classic treatments of hyperkalemia and discusses controversies and new medications for management.

Discussion: Potassium (K+) plays a key role in determining the transmembrane potentials of "excitable membranes" present in nerve and muscle cells. Read More

Wiad Lek 2018 ;71(2 pt 1):281-284

Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.

Objective: Introduction: Hypertension is a major reason behind morbidity, disability and mortality. Elevated blood pressure is a huge risk factor for cardio-vascular diseases. Almost 90% of hypertension patients have internal comorbidities, in particular hypothyroidism. Read More