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Curr Cardiol Rep 2020 Jul 9;22(9):94. Epub 2020 Jul 9.

Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and the Am. Heart Assoc. Comprehensive Hypertension Center, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Ave. MC 1027, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to present data from clinical trials that resulted in the key data supporting the use of patiromer as a potassium binder in clinical practice today.

Recent Findings: In addition to trials that support the current Food and Drug Administration label and published over the past 3 years, the recently published Spironolactone With Patiromer in the Treatment of Resistant Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease (AMBER) trial provides clear benefits of patiromer use in a group of resistant hypertension patients. The AMBER was a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study that evaluated 295 participants stratified by local serum potassium measurement (4. Read More

Ann Med 2020 Jul 10:1-9. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.

Purpose: Emerging data suggest that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has extrapulmonary manifestations but its renal manifestations are not clearly defined. We aimed to evaluate renal complications of COVID-19 and their incidence using a systematic meta-analysis.

Design: Observational studies reporting renal complications in COVID-19 patients were sought from MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library from 2019 to June 2020. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jun 5;12(6):e8461. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Internal Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, USA.

Skeletal fluorosis is a metabolic bone disease caused by accumulation of fluoride and is generally associated with chronic exposure to fluoride-contaminated groundwater, a phenomenon endemic to developing countries. Whereas elevated water fluoride concentrations do not constitute a public health issue in the United States, emergence of skeletal fluorosis as a sequela of chronic recreational exposures has been described. In this case report, our 33-year-old male patient with a history of major depressive disorder and substance abuse was hospitalized for hyperkalemia and acute kidney injury discovered on routine bloodwork due to concomitant nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and antihypertensive use. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Jul 8;21:e923464. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Kentucky Hospital, Lexington, KY, USA.

BACKGROUND Brugada phenocopies (BrP) are clinical and electrocardiographic (ECG) entities elicited by reversible medical conditions speculated to have pathogenesis rooted in ion current imbalances or conduction delays within the myocardial wall. During an inciting pathologic condition, it produces ECG patterns identical to those of congenitally-acquired Brugada syndrome and subsequently returns to normal ECG patterns upon resolution of the medical condition. This case report describes a 26-year-old man presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) for suspected heroin overdose with a rare ECG consistent with BrP secondary to acute hyperkalemia. Read More

Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2020 07 8;13(7):e010907. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Department of Cardiology, Simone Veil hospital, Eaubonne, France (F.L., N.G.).

Vox Sang 2020 Jul 7. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

NHS Blood & Transplant, London, UK.

Washing of red cells is sometimes performed to reduce allergic reactions due to contaminating plasma proteins or to reduce the concentration of potassium accumulating in the supernatant of red cells during storage as an alternative to transfusion of fresher red cells in patients at risk of hyperkalaemia. There are a variety of methods for washing red cells, and the laboratory data suggest that variables such as age of red cell before washing, washing method and solution, storage medium and length of storage time after washing can all effect the final red cell quality. Studies suggest that washing removes 90-95% plasma, but the proportion of units below 0·05 mg/dl IgA (equivalent to IgA deficient) is variable dependent upon methods used. Read More

Hosp Pract (1995) 2020 Jul 7. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine , Bangkok, Thailand.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictors and associated outcomes of rhabdomyolysis in admitted patients for heat stroke in the United States.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample was utilized to identify hospitalized patients with a primary diagnosis of heat stroke from the years 2003-2014. Rhabdomyolysis was identified using hospital diagnosis code. Read More

J Clin Densitom 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. Electronic address:

Objective: Radio-dense artifacts, including contrast material, alter dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) results. An apparent diffuse artifact was identified during spine DXA acquisition in a patient without recent radiographic procedures. The patient reported taking sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC; Lokelma®) 10 g 1 h before scanning. Read More

Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020 Jul 6. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Physiology and Biophysics, Weill-Cornell Medical College, United States.

We investigated the regulation of Naand K excretion and ENaC in mice lacking the gene for aldosterone synthase (AS), using clearance methods to assess excretion and electrophysiology and Western blotting to test for ENaC activity and processing. After one day of dietary Na restriction AS-/- mice lost more Na in the urine than did AS+/+. After 1 week on this diet both genotypes strongly reduced urinary Na excretion, but creatinine clearance decreased only in AS-/- mice. Read More

CEN Case Rep 2020 Jul 4. Epub 2020 Jul 4.

Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Belcolle Hospital, Via Sammartinese, Snc, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt and usually reversible decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Patients with AKI must be evaluated promptly to determine cause. Different disorders can BE associated with AKI, and biopsy is the most accurate instrument for diagnosis of different types of diseases. Read More

Nephrology (Carlton) 2020 Jul 3. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Department of Pediatrics, Fujieda Municipal General Hospital, Fujieda, Japan.

Pseudohypoaldosteronism type II (PHA II) is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is characterized by hypertension, hyperkalemia, and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. The enhancement of WNK functions is correlated to the pathogenesis of the condition. Cullin 3 (CUL3) forms an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, and it can ubiquitinate WNK. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020 Jul 2. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong and Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

Background: The potential long-term safety and efficacy of aliskiren in nondiabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) are unknown. We sought to investigate the renoprotective effect of aliskiren on nondiabetic CKD patients.

Methods: In this open-label, parallel, randomized controlled trial, nondiabetic CKD Stages 3-4 patients were randomized to receive aliskiren added to an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) at the maximal tolerated dose, or ARB alone. Read More

Am Heart J 2020 May 30;226:198-205. Epub 2020 May 30.

Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Background: High sodium intake has been considered as the leading dietary risk factor for deaths and disability-adjusted life-years among older adults. High-quality randomized trials to evaluate the effects of practical sodium reduction strategies are needed.

Methods: The study is a cluster randomized trial with a 2 × 2 factorial design conducted in 48 senior residential facilities in northern China. Read More

Nutrients 2020 06 29;12(7). Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Division of Nephrology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects >10% of the adult population. Each year, approximately 120,000 Americans develop end-stage kidney disease and initiate dialysis, which is costly and associated with functional impairments, worse health-related quality of life, and high early-mortality rates, exceeding 20% in the first year. Recent declarations by the World Kidney Day and the U. Read More

Adv Clin Exp Med 2020 Jun;29(6):727-734

Department of Emergency Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, South Korea.

Background: Sudden cardiac arrest is a major cause of death worldwide. Serum potassium level is an initial laboratory test that serves as part of an electrolyte panel easily obtainable by most emergency departments (EDs).

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between serum potassium level and the survival outcome for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. Read More

PLoS One 2020 30;15(6):e0235360. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.

The sodium (Na+)-chloride cotransporter (NCC) expressed in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a key molecule regulating urinary Na+ and potassium (K+) excretion. We previously reported that high-K+ load rapidly dephosphorylated NCC and promoted urinary K+ excretion in mouse kidneys. This effect was inhibited by calcineurin (CaN) and calmodulin inhibitors. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020 Jun 29. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Endocrinology, Manipal Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Snake envenoming is a neglected, public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions. Local tissue necrosis, neurotoxic, and hemo-vasculotoxic effects are well-recognized features, whereas the endocrine and metabolic derangements are not as well known. In addition to contributing to morbidity, some of these manifestations can be potentially life-threatening if not recognized early. Read More

ESC Heart Fail 2020 Jun 29. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques, Plurithématique 1433, and Inserm 1116 DCAC, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France.

Aims: How general practitioners (GPs) manage dyskalaemia is currently unknown. This study aimed at describing GP practices regarding hypokalaemia or hyperkalaemia diagnosis and management in their outpatients.

Methods And Results: A telephone survey was conducted among French GPs with a 20-item questionnaire (16 closed-ended questions and 12 open-ended questions) regarding their usual management of hypokalaemia or hyperkalaemia patients, both broadly and more specifically in patients with heart failure and/or chronic kidney disease and/or in patients treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme/angiotensin receptor blockers or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Read More

Cureus 2020 May 24;12(5):e8257. Epub 2020 May 24.

Genitourinary Oncology, Creighton University School of Medicine/University of Arizona Cancer Center at Dignity Health, Phoenix, USA.

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening oncologic condition that is most commonly linked with hematologic malignancies and uncommonly seen in solid tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, a lack of awareness regarding TLS in CRC could lead to significant morbidity and mortality. This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics and outcomes of TLS in patients with CRC. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Jun 28;13(6). Epub 2020 Jun 28.

Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK.

Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) due to obstructive uropathy, urinary tract infections and congenital urogenital malformations has been reported in the literature; however, there are no reports of PHA associated with hydrometrocolpos due to a common urogenital tract. Hydrometrocolpos is a condition resulting in distension of the vagina and uterus due to accumulation of secretions (other than blood), caused by increased oestrogenic stimulation and vaginal outflow obstruction. We report on a neonatal case of PHA caused by recurrent hydrometrocolpos presenting with vomiting and poor weight gain. Read More

Liver Transpl 2020 Jun 27. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Seattle, Washington, United States.

Acute kidney injury at the time of liver transplantation( LT) is associated with increased mortality, particularly for those patients who require hemodialysis (Zand). There are several theoretical benefits of intraoperative RRT (IORRT). Dialysis can correct metabolic acidosis and electrolyte abnormalities including hyperkalemia common during liver transplantation, particularly during the anhepatic phase can reduce fluid overload, especially when large amounts of blood product transfusions are administered. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jun 26;6:CD013165. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.

Background: Hyperkalaemia is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by reduced renal potassium excretion in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Potassium binders, such as sodium polystyrene sulfonate and calcium polystyrene sulfonate, are widely used but may lead to constipation and other adverse gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, reducing their tolerability. Patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate are newer ion exchange resins for treatment of hyperkalaemia which may cause fewer GI side-effects. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Melbourne Renal Research Group, Reservoir Private Hospital, Reservoir, Australia.

Background: Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) binds potassium and ammonium in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to serum potassium reduction, Phase 2 trial data have shown increased serum bicarbonate with SZC, which may be clinically beneficial because maintaining serum bicarbonate ≥22 mmol/L preserves kidney function. This exploratory analysis examined serum bicarbonate and urea, and urine pH data from three SZC randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 studies among patients with hyperkalaemia [ZS-003 (n = 753), HARMONIZE (n = 258) and HARMONIZE-Global (n = 267)]. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2020 Jun 23. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.

Background: Dogs with hypoadrenocorticism (HA) frequently show signs of gastrointestinal disease (SGD). The prevalence of dogs presented for chronic SGD with HA is unknown.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of HA in dogs with chronic SGD and to identify clinical and laboratory variables for HA in this population. Read More

J Emerg Med 2020 Jun 18. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Larner College of Medicine at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.

Background: BRASH syndrome, or Bradycardia, Renal Failure, AV blockade, Shock, and Hyperkalemia, has recently become recognized as a collection of objective findings in a specific clinical context pertaining to emergency medicine and critical care. However, there is little emergency medicine and critical care literature specifically evaluating this condition.

Objective: We sought to define and review BRASH syndrome and identify specific management techniques that differ from the syndromes as they present individually. Read More

Curr Drug Saf 2020 Jun 21. Epub 2020 Jun 21.

Cardiology Department of Teaching Hospital CNHU-HKM, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of AbomeyCalavi, 01 BP 188 Cotonou. Benin.

Background & Aims: The objective is to ascertain the pattern of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) and record any observed DDIs and adverse events (AEs) in hospitalized Beninese cardiology patients from Sub-Saharan Africa and analyze all risk factors associated with DDIs and AEs.

Methods: It was a prospective study in which data including AEs were assessed from medical files and interview of patients and their relatives. Patients who were treated with more than two drugs and who remained in the hospital for at least 48 hours were included. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2020 Jun 12;72:346-350. Epub 2020 Jun 12.

Fundación Valle del Lili, Cra. 98 ## 18-49, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia; Universidad Icesi, Cl. 18 #122-135, Facultad de Medicina, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Electronic address:

Introduction: Crush syndrome (CS) is a condition with a high morbidity and mortality due to severe electrolyte disorders, circulatory dysfunction and multiple organ failure, secondary to severe rhabdomyolysis and reperfusion injuries. There is controversy about the role of fasciotomy in the treatment of compartment syndromes due to crush injuries and it is still unknown if early amputation has patient-centered benefits.

Case Presentation: This is a 29-year-old patient whose lower body was trapped for 50 h under a 40-meter landslide. Read More

BMJ 2020 06 17;369:m2438. Epub 2020 Jun 17.

The BMJ.

Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil 2020 Jun;18(2):168-174

Hôpitaux universitaires Paris Centre, Service de gériatrie, Hôpital Broca, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.

Potassium is involved in the voltage and excitability of the myocytes. Its homeostasis is dependent on dietary intake and its predominant renal elimination. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulates its elimination. Read More

Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2020 Jun;30(2):021004

Clinical Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Introduction: Severe hyperkalaemia is a serious medical condition requiring immediate medical attention. Before medical treatment is started, pseudohyperkalaemia has to be ruled out.

Case Description: A 10-month old infant presented to the emergency department with fever and coughing since 1 week. Read More

Contracept X 2020 30;2:100020. Epub 2020 Jan 30.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

Objectives: To evaluate contraceptive effectiveness and safety of oral drospirenone 4 mg 24/4-day regimen in the United States.

Study Design: We performed a prospective, single-arm, multicenter phase 3 trial in sexually active women for up to thirteen 28-day treatment cycles. Primary outcome was the Pearl index, calculated using confirmed on-drug pregnancies and evaluable cycles in nonbreastfeeding women aged ≤ 35 years. Read More

Medicines (Basel) 2020 Jun 14;7(6). Epub 2020 Jun 14.

Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.

This study aimed to assess the risk factors and the association of circulatory failure with treatments, complications, outcomes, and resource utilization in hospitalized patients for heatstroke in the United States. Hospitalized patients with a principal diagnosis of heatstroke were identified in the National Inpatient Sample dataset from the years 2003 to 2014. Circulatory failure, defined as any type of shock or hypotension, was identified using hospital diagnosis codes. Read More

J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2020 Jun 16. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul, Turkey.

Corticosterone methyloxidase deficiency type 2 is an autosomal recessive disorder presenting with salt loss and failure to thrive in early childhood. It is caused by inactivating mutations of the gene. Herein, we describe four Turkish patients from two families who have clinical and hormonal features compatible with corticosterone methyloxidase deficiency and inherit novel variants. Read More

J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2020 03;50(1):67-74

Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK, Email:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common. People with CKD have a wide range of comorbidities and, therefore, the majority of non-nephrologists will care for people with CKD. This paper aims to provide a brief overview of the diagnosis and management of CKD for the non-nephrologist. Read More

Dtsch Arztebl Int 2020 Apr;117(17):289-296

Department of Cardiology, Brandenburg Heart Center, Immanuel Hospital, Bernau; Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane; Institute of Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Magdeburg University, Magdeburg; Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Ernst von Bergmann Hospital, Potsdam; Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Magdeburg University Hospital, Magdeburg; Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Ameos Hospital, Schönebeck; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig; Diaverum Renal Care Center Am Neuen Garten, Potsdam; Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg; Department of Nephrology, Essen University Hospital, Essen.

Background: In patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), specialized treatment-initiated in response to an early-warning system- may be beneficial compared with routine treatment.

Method: To explore effect estimators in a pilot trial (DRKS00010530), patients with AKI on regular wards of a university hospital were treated either in the usual way (control group) or more intensively (intervention group). The subjects were allotted randomly to the two treatment groups. Read More

Nat Rev Nephrol 2020 Jun 11. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Department of Nephrology, Université de Lyon, Carmen, Hospital Lyon-Sud, Lyon, France.

Traditional dietary recommendations for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) focus on the quantity of nutrients consumed. Without appropriate dietary counselling, these restrictions can result in a low intake of fruits and vegetables and a lack of diversity in the diet. Plant nutrients and plant-based diets could have beneficial effects in patients with CKD: increased fibre intake shifts the gut microbiota towards reduced production of uraemic toxins; plant fats, particularly olive oil, have anti-atherogenic effects; plant anions might mitigate metabolic acidosis and slow CKD progression; and as plant phosphorus has a lower bioavailability than animal phosphorus, plant-based diets might enable better control of hyperphosphataemia. Read More

Cureus 2020 May 8;12(5):e8031. Epub 2020 May 8.

Emergency Medicine, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, USA.

Poor communication continues to be one of the leading root causes of sentinel events in the United States annually. This case report documents a miscommunication that occurred during the management of a patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and acute respiratory failure requiring emergent intubation, which resulted in a transient hyperkalemia and subsequent cardiac arrest. Read More

Hypertension 2020 Jul 10;76(1):144-149. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.P.).

Spironolactone, a steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, is recommended as add-on therapy for treatment-resistant/uncontrolled hypertension. However, caution is advised in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to an increased risk for hyperkalemia. KBP-5074 is a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist under investigation for the treatment of treatment-resistant and uncontrolled hypertension in patients with moderate-to-severe CKD. Read More

Kidney Int Rep 2020 Jun 26;5(6):779-789. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Division of Nephrology, UT Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on maintenance dialysis have a high risk of developing hyperkalemia, generally defined as serum potassium (K) concentrations of >5.0 mmol/l, particularly those undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Currently, the key approaches to the management of hyperkalemia in patients with ESRD are dialysis, dietary K restriction, and avoidance of medications that increase hyperkalemia risk. Read More

Lancet Oncol 2020 07 5;21(7):923-934. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Background: Resistance to approved inhibitors of KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (KIT), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA) is a clinical challenge for patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours. We compared the efficacy and safety of ripretinib, a switch-control tyrosine kinase inhibitor active against a broad spectrum of KIT and PDGFRA mutations, with placebo in patients with previously treated, advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours.

Methods: In this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study, we enrolled adult patients in 29 specialised hospitals in 12 countries. Read More

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020 Jun 8:1-8. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Section of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago/Advocate Christ Medical Center , Oak Lawn, IL, USA.

Introduction: Hyperkalemia is a chronic and life-threatening electrolyte disorder that affects millions of patients around the world with decreased kidney function, hypertension, and heart failure. Recently newer oral potassium-binding agents have been approved for clinical use, as an alternative to the decades long use of sodium polystyrene sulfonate. This review will focus on the patiromer and its use in reducing hyperkalemia. Read More

Front Oncol 2020 19;10:779. Epub 2020 May 19.

Unità di Ricerca Cardiorenale, Clinica e Terapia Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

The use of antineoplastic drugs has a central role in treatment of patients affected by cancer but is often associated with numerous electrolyte derangements which, in many cases, could represent life-threatening conditions. In fact, while several anti-cancer agents can interfere with kidney function leading to acute kidney injury, proteinuria, and hypertension, in many cases alterations of electrolyte tubular handling and water balance occur. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying the disturbances of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate metabolism during anti-cancer treatment. Read More

J Am Coll Cardiol 2020 Jun;75(22):2836-2850

Université de Lorraine INSERM, Centre, d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique, Nancy, France.

Potassium (K) is the most abundant cation in humans and is essential for normal cellular function. Alterations in K regulation can lead to neuromuscular, gastrointestinal, and cardiac abnormalities. Dyskalemia (i. Read More

Rev Med Liege 2020 May;75(5-6):336-343

Service de Néphrologie-Dialyse-Transplantation, CHU Liège, Belgique.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) impairs the quality of life and increases the risk for cardiovascular morbimortality. Intensive research is conducted in order to slow down CKD development and progression. During the past decade, a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of glomerular diseases has highlighted the benefits of rituximab. Read More

Minerva Pediatr 2020 Jun 2. Epub 2020 Jun 2.

Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Inonu University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.

Background: In 12.5-56% of extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants treated in newborn units, acute kidney injury (AKI) develops. Some of these infants may need renal replacement therapy for reasons including hyperkalemia, hypovolemia and resistant acidosis. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2020 29;71:323-326. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Surgery, Hackensack Meridian Jersey Shore University Medical Center, 1945 NJ-33, Neptune City, NJ, 07753, United States.

Introduction: Intracranial hypertension that is not responsive to other therapies can be managed through the use of a barbiturate induced coma. Although potentially effective, there are known complications associated with this treatment, and as such it is typically reserved for the most severe cases. One such sequela of barbiturate induced coma therapy is refractory hypokalemia and subsequent rebound hyperkalemia. Read More

Am J Kidney Dis 2020 May 29. Epub 2020 May 29.

Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, BB114 330 Cedar Street New Haven, CT 06410. Electronic address:

The management of pain in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is challenging for many reasons. These patients have an increased susceptibility to adverse drug effects due to altered drug metabolism and excretion, and there are limited safety data for use in this population despite a high pain burden. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have long been regarded as dangerous for use in chronic kidney disease patients because of their risk for nephrotoxicity, and thus alternative classes of analgesics, including opioids, have become more commonly used for pain control in this population. Read More