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Kardiol Pol 2022 May 20. Epub 2022 May 20.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States.

Neurol Sci 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Neurology, University Hospital, RTWH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.

Introduction: Ischemic stroke is a potential complication of hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES), and little is known about underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. We aimed to describe the imaging patterns of cerebral ischemia in patients with HES.

Methods: An individual case is reported. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2022 Apr;10(11):3547-3552

Department of Central Laboratory, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong Province, China.

Background: Simultaneous cerebral and myocardial infarction with arterial involvement has not been reported in hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Here, we report a patient with HES that was also associated with acute ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and arterial involvement of the left common carotid artery, vertebral arteries, posterior cerebral artery, and coronary artery.

Case Summary: A 64-year-old male patient was admitted with headache and right lower extremity weakness. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2022 May 11. Epub 2022 May 11.

Respiratory Research & Development, GSK, Brentford, Middlesex, UK. Electronic address:

Background: Mepolizumab, an anti-interleukin [IL]-5 antibody, reduces disease flares in patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES); factors predicting treatment response are unknown.

Objective: To assess mepolizumab efficacy by baseline blood eosinophil count (BEC) and serum IL-5 level in patients with HES.

Methods: This post hoc analysis used data from the Phase III study assessing mepolizumab in patients with HES (NCT02836496). Read More

NanoImpact 2021 Apr 13;22:100309. Epub 2021 Mar 13.

Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA. Electronic address:

There is increasing evidence that inhaled multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can have harmful effects on the respiratory system. Rodent studies suggest that individuals with asthma may be susceptible to the adverse pulmonary effects of MWCNTs. Asthma is an allergic lung disease characterized by a T2 immune response that results in chronic airway disease characterized by eosinophilic lung inflammation, airway mucous cell metaplasia, and airway fibrosis. Read More

Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022 May 7. Epub 2022 May 7.

Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.

Curr Res Immunol 2022 21;3:42-53. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Allergy and Pneumology Outpatient Clinic, Bergamo, Italy.

Eosinophils have multiple relevant biological functions, including the maintenance of homeostasis, host defense against infectious agents, innate immunity activities, immune regulation through Th1/Th2 balance, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumorigenic effects. Eosinophils also have a main role in tissue damage through eosinophil-derived cytotoxic mediators that are involved in eosinophilic inflammation, as documented in Th2-high asthma and other eosinophilic-associated inflammatory conditions. Recent evidence shows that these multiple and apparently conflicting functions may be attributed to the existence of different eosinophil subtypes (i. Read More

Cureus 2022 Mar 28;14(3):e23580. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Clinical Medicine, Teaching Hospital Batticaloa, Batticaloa, LKA.

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is a rare entity where the diagnosis is made after all the probable causes of hypereosinophilia are excluded. The characteristic organ involvement includes the heart, nervous system, lung, and gastrointestinal tract. The mainstay of treatment is corticosteroids. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 13;13:840974. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Respiratory Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Collegeville, PA, United States.

Background: Current standard-of-care treatments for hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) include oral corticosteroids (OCS) and immunosuppressive/cytotoxic (IS/CT) therapies. The anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody mepolizumab has also recently been approved for patients with this disease. The objective of this analysis was to assess the relationship between baseline therapy and flare reduction in patients with HES treated with mepolizumab, using data from the Phase III 200622 study (NCT02836496). Read More

Intern Med 2022 Apr 30. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Hematology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Japan.

A 58-year-old man presented with painful edema of the extremities, and a diagnosis of eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) was confirmed. He also met the criteria for hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), but there were no findings suggestive of malignancies or hematologic neoplasms despite a close examination. He was started on steroid therapy but subsequently developed severe liver dysfunction, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, hepatosplenomegaly, and renal involvement. Read More

Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022 Apr 11;21(2):215-218. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea.

A four-year-old female patient visited the pediatric hematologic clinic due to periodic generalized edema and eosinophilia. Laboratory assessment showed an eosinophil count of 40.02×109/L (73. Read More

Br J Haematol 2022 Apr 28. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

CHU de Lille, Univ Lille, INSERM U1286, Infinite, Lille, France.

Immunohorizons 2022 Apr 27;6(4):275-282. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Department of Vaccine Immunology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan;

Putative subcomponent vaccines of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein and ARNAX (TLR3-specific adjuvant for priming dendritic cells) were examined and compared with spike protein + Alum in a mouse BALB/c model. Survival, body weight, virus-neutralizing Ab titer in the blood, and viral titer in the lung were evaluated for prognosis markers. The infiltration degrees of eosinophils in the lung were histopathologically monitored at 10 d postinfection. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2022 Apr 22. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Epidemiology, Value Evidence and Outcomes, Global R&D, GSK, Collegeville, Pa.

Background: Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a group of rare hematologic disorders leading to eosinophil-driven tissue damage and dysfunction. Better understanding of HES variants may facilitate improved patient management.

Objective: To describe disease characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of patients with idiopathic (I-HES), myeloproliferative (M-HES), lymphocytic (L-HES), and chronic eosinophilic leukemia, not otherwise specified (CEL-NOS) among HES case reports and aggregate data where available. Read More

Biomolecules 2022 03 30;12(4). Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube 755-8505, Japan.

Type 2 (T2) inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases such as asthma, eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS), or eosinophilic otitis media (EOM). Currently, in severe asthma with the T2 phenotype, biologics targeting mediators of T2 inflammation dramatically improve the management of severe asthma. While treatment with a single biologic is common, little is known about cases of the sequential use of two biologics. Read More

Cureus 2022 Mar 18;14(3):e23301. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Braga, Braga, PRT.

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGID) are a group of conditions characterized by histopathologic eosinophilic infiltrates in one or more segments of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It occurs in the absence of known causes for eosinophilia. It can affect every part of the gastrointestinal tract, but eosinophilic ascites (EA) is uncommon. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Apr 21. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Division of Head and Neck Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.

Purpose: Biological therapies are gaining relevance in the management of CRSwNP with few adverse events reported. Among these, dupilumab, an anti-IL4-Ra monoclonal antibody, is frequently associated with hypereosinophilia (HE) which usually remains silent and progressively resolves, although some cases of systemic involvement occurs. The aim of this paper is to describe our experience and propose a management flowchart for HE during therapy with dupilumab. Read More

World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2022 Mar;13(2):23-29

Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh 249203, India.

Background: Eosinophilia and related organ damage are extensively studied hot topics among rare disorders. Any addition to the cohort of available case reports of the same will be adding knowledge for better management of this less known entity.

Case Summary: In this article, we describe a 27-year-old Indo-Aryan man who presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and loose stools for variable days. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 31;13:737968. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Objective: This study aims to explore the potential of airway differentiation of eosinophil progenitors (EoPs) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in sputum and peripheral blood from patients with non-asthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (NAEB), eosinophilic asthma (EA), and healthy controls (HC).

Methods: Using flow cytometry, we enumerated sputum and blood HPCs and EoPs in patients with NAEB (n=15), EA (n=15), and HC (n=14) at baseline. Patients with NAEB and EA were then treated for 1 month with budesonide (200 μg, bid) or budesonide and formoterol (200/6 μg, bid), respectively. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 1;13:846055. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.

Allergic asthma is a complex chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, driven by Th2 immune responses and characterized by eosinophilic pulmonary inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, excessive mucus production, and airway remodeling. Overwhelming evidence from studies in animal models and allergic asthmatic patients suggests that platelets are aberrantly activated and recruited to the lungs. It has been established that platelets can interact with other immune cells and secrete various biochemical mediators to promote allergic sensitization and airway inflammatory response, and platelet deficiency may alleviate the pathological features and symptoms of allergic asthma. Read More

Dermatol Ther 2022 Apr 15:e15518. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Neuropathology 2022 Apr 11. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Pathology, San-in Rosai Hospital, Yonago, Japan.

The definite diagnosis of central nervous system vasculitis requires pathological verification by biopsy or surgical resection of the lesion, which may not always be feasible. A 74-year-old woman with a history of allergic rhinitis, but not asthma, presented with slowly progressive left hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed a heterogeneously enhancing mass involving the right internal capsule and corona radiata. Read More

J Immunol 2022 May 8;208(9):2085-2097. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD;

Asthma is a common and ubiquitous chronic respiratory disease that is associated with airway inflammation and hyperreactivity resulting in airway obstruction. It is now accepted that asthma is controlled by a combination of host genetics and environment in a rather complex fashion; however, the link between sensing of the environment and development and exacerbation of allergic lung inflammation is unclear. Human populations expressing cosegregating D299G and T399I polymorphisms in the gene are associated with a decreased risk for asthma in adults along with hyporesponsiveness to inhaled LPS, the TLR4 ligand. Read More

J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022 Apr 1. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Departments of Pediatric Hematology.

Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a very rare disease during childhood. It involves the different organs like skin, gastrointestinal system, heart and lungs, besides pulmonary hypertension (PHT) is a very rare morbidity of HES that may cause life-threatening complications. PHT improves with the treatment of hypereosinophilia, without the need for pulmonary vasodilator therapy. Read More

Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2022 Apr;45(4):368-372

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan 250014, China.

To investigate the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. Nine patients with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia diagnosed in Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital from January 2014 to December 2020 were enrolled and followed up. The data of clinically proven chronic eosinophilic pneumonia were reviewed. Read More

G Ital Cardiol (Rome) 2022 Apr;23(4):259-267

Scuola di Specialità in Malattie Cardiovascolari, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste.

Eosinophilic myocarditis is a rare form of myocardial inflammation characterized by interstitial infiltration by eosinophils. Clinical presentation may vary from complete absence of symptoms to fulminant myocarditis with cardiogenic shock, to chronic heart failure due to progression to restrictive cardiomyopathy. The main causes of eosinophilic myocarditis are hypersensitivity reactions secondary to drug exposure, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, hypereosinophilic syndrome and infections. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2022 22;10:2050313X221086814. Epub 2022 Mar 22.

King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in children is a rare disease. Even with improved understanding of eosinophilic disorders and recent advances in diagnostic modalities, evaluation of hypereosinophilia remains challenging due to heterogeneous etiologic factors. In acute clinical settings, the management plan is often unclear as the condition is not encountered frequently. Read More

Dan Med J 2022 Mar 4;69(4). Epub 2022 Mar 4.

Department of Haematology, Odense University Hospital.

Introduction: Patients with eosinophilia (an increased number of eosinophilic granulocytes > 0.5 × 10⁸/l in the blood) are encountered in all medical specialties and frequently need thorough workup to identify the eliciting causes and decide whether treatment is indicated. In Denmark, highly specialised centres for eosinophilic diseases or conditions have been established to provide a foundation for the management of complicated cases. Read More

Allergy Asthma Proc 2022 03;43(2):133-139

From the Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Asthma exacerbations (AE) are episodes characterized by a progressive increase in symptoms of shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, or chest tightness with a decrease in lung function. There have been previous studies that examined the role of eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) in asthma, but there have been no studies of the role of EDN in children experiencing AE. Read More

Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2022 Mar 22;18(1):25. Epub 2022 Mar 22.

Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Background: Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is an extremely uncommon group of disorders. It rarely presents with coagulopathy without cardiac involvement.

Case Presentation: A 33-year-old previously healthy male with no history of atopic disease presented with abdominal pain, hematochezia, peripheral eosinophilia as high as 10,000 eos/µL, right and left portal vein, mesenteric, and splenic vein thrombi with ischemic colitis resulting in hemicolectomy and small bowel resection. Read More