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Acta Clin Belg 2021 Apr 29:1-4. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Unit of Digestive, Endocrine and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Université Catholique de Louvain, Yvoir, Belgium.

: Graves' disease may be associated with thyroid cancer, particularly differentiated thyroid cancer. Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is less common. The occurrence of sporadic MTC in Graves' disease in the presence of a RET proto-oncogene has never been reported. Read More

Cancer Cytopathol 2021 Apr 26. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Background: Some thyroid nodules cytologically presenting as follicular neoplasm, Hürthle cell (Oncocytic) type (FNHCT), are not oncocytic tumors and represent autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) with TSHR, GNAS, and EZH1 mutations or oncocytic metaplasia. A to be defined subset of FNHCT harbors genome haploidisation-type DNA copy number alterations (GH-CNA). Molecular profiling of FNHCT may distinguish oncocytic neoplasms from its mimics. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Background: The multigene genomic classifier ThyroSeq V3 has proven to be an effective triage modality in the management of indeterminate thyroid nodules. This study reports on the clinical management of patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules.

Methods: ThyroSeq V3 testing at our institution was implemented April 1, 2019. Read More

Oman Med J 2021 Mar 31;36(2):e246. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Division of Endocrinology, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.

Objectives: As with global trends, the prevalence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has increased in recent years in Oman. However, to the best of our knowledge, no local studies have yet been published evaluating the prognosis of DTC cases in Oman. This study aimed to assess disease-free survival (DFS) and prognostic factors related to DTC among Omani patients attending a tertiary care center. Read More

World J Nucl Med 2021 Jan-Mar;20(1):54-60. Epub 2020 Aug 22.

Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

To evaluate treatment outcomes following radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment with a cumulative dose of ≥≥600 mCi in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients, a retrospective review of medical records was done in 176 DTC patients with a cumulative dose of ≥600 mCi from January 1993 to December 2013. All patients were followed up for at least 2 years after receiving 600 mCi of I-131 treatment. Remission criteria were no clinical and imaging evidence of disease and low serum thyroglobulin levels during thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression of <0. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2021 Apr 11. Epub 2021 Apr 11.

Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400012, India.

Collision tumor is the occurrence of two histologically and morphologically distinct tumors within the same organ with no histological admixture. Collision tumors of the thyroid are extremely rare constituting < 1% of all thyroid tumors. Clinical profiles and pathological features of Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) presenting as Collision tumors of thyroid, diagnosed between 2009 and 2019, at a tertiary care cancer center were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2021 Apr 27;28(5):301-309. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennysylvania, USA.

Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC) is a distinct type of thyroid cancer genetically characterized by DNA copy number alterations (CNA), typically of genome haploidization type (GH-type). However, whether CNA also occurs in benign Hürthle cell adenomas (HCA) or Hürthle cell hyperplastic nodules (HCHN), and have diagnostic impact in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples, remains unknown. To address these questions, we (1) analyzed 26 HCC, 24 HCA, and 8 HCHN tissues for CNA and other mutations using ThyroSeq v3 (TSv3) next-generation sequencing panel, and (2) determined cancer rate in 111 FNA samples with CNA and known surgical outcome. Read More

J Cancer Res Ther 2021 Jan-Mar;17(1):258-261

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.

Multiple primary malignancies are defined as two or more primary malignant tumors diagnosed in one individual; they are further classified to synchronous or metachronous based on the period between each cancer diagnosis and the other. The diagnosis of four synchronous cancers is exceedingly rare. We report a case of a 72-year-old man, diagnosed with synchronous quadruple cancers, Hurthle cell carcinoma and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, as well as squamous cell carcinoma and carcinoid tumor of the lung. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2021 Feb 22;13(4). Epub 2021 Feb 22.

Section of Pathology, University Hospital of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56126 Pisa, Italy.

Background: The prevalence of thyroid nodules increases with age. Their management takes into account the presence of co-morbidities, which are frequent among the elderly. We sought to highlight the differences between the elderly and the general population in cytological and histological diagnoses. Read More

Cytopathology 2021 Feb 19. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

Department of Radiology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India.

Background: The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) is widely utilised by cytopathologists. The American College of Radiology (ACR) has also proposed a thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) to classify thyroid nodules and guide their selection for fine needle aspiration (FNA). The current study aimed to analyse the usefulness of TBSRTC in thyroid cytology reporting, to examine its histological correlation with TIRADS, and to compare the management of lesions in each cytological category in our institute to the TBSRTC recommendations. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Feb 18;11(1):4181. Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.

The primary cilium is well-preserved in human differentiated thyroid cancers such as papillary and follicular carcinoma. Specific thyroid cancers such as Hürthle cell carcinoma, oncocytic variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and PTC with Hashimoto's thyroiditis show reduced biogenesis of primary cilia; these cancers are often associated the abnormalities in mitochondrial function. Here, we examined the association between primary cilia and the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. Read More

Cureus 2020 Dec 28;12(12):e12350. Epub 2020 Dec 28.

Endocrine Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, IND.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most common thyroid malignancy with various histologic variants. Acknowledging the correct histological variant of PTC helps to know about the tumor's nature and prognosis. The Warthin-like variant of papillary thyroid (WLPTC), a newly described histologic variant of PTC, is relatively uncommon. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Apr;106(5):e2137-e2150

Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

Context: Obesity and classical growth factors are associated with thyroid cancer (TC). However, less is known regarding novel hormones such as follistatins and activins. We hypothesized that serum follistatin but not activins would be increased in TC. Read More

Cureus 2020 Dec 15;12(12):e12102. Epub 2020 Dec 15.

Pathology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.

Background Thyroid cancer is a very common endocrine malignancy. Cancer stem cells are attributable to initiation, progression, and treatment failure in thyroid carcinoma. In the current study, immunostaining of SRY-box 2 (SOX2) in thyroid carcinoma is investigated. Read More

Hippokratia 2020 Apr-Jun;24(2):88-90

Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of Heraklion "Venizeleio-Pananeio", Heraklion, Crete, Greece.

Background: Cutaneous metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is rare and is a hallmark of a locally aggressive tumor.

Case Report: We present a unique case of cutaneous thyroid carcinoma sixteen years after total thyroidectomy for multi-nodular goiter. The tumor originated from the upper anterior thoracic wall's skin and was found to invade the rostral half of the sternum's external periosteum and the caudal part of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2021 May;42(5):510-516

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic.

Objective: Our aim was to determine the radiologic and clinicopathologic characteristics of thyroid nodules with focal 68Ga-DOTATATE activity.

Methods: In this retrospective study of 1927 consecutive 68Ga-DOTATATE PET scans, 85 patients with incidental and nonincidental focal 68Ga-DOTATATE avid thyroid nodules were identified, of which 31 patients with 33 thyroid nodules underwent fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or surgery. These 33 nodules were reviewed for Krenning score and SUVmax of the thyroid nodule, contralateral thyroid lobe and left atrium. Read More

Endocr Pract 2020 Jul 24;26(7):754-760. Epub 2020 Nov 24.

Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address:

Objective: Clinical practice for differentiated thyroid cancer is moving towards lobectomy rather than total thyroidectomy in patients at low risk of recurrence. However, recurrence risk assessment depends on post-operative findings, while the surgical decision is based on preoperative factors. We determined the preoperative predictors of occult higher-risk pathology and rates of completion thyroidectomy among surgical candidates with nonbenign thyroid nodules 10 to 40 mm and no evidence of extrathyroidal extension or metastasis on preoperative evaluation. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Jan 18;14(1). Epub 2021 Jan 18.

Diabetes and Endocrinology, Queen's Medical Centre Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.

An 85-year-old man was referred to endocrinology following the discovery of an incidental pituitary mass on cranial imaging which was thought to be a non-functioning adenoma during an admission with headaches, lethargy, confusion and hyponatraemia. He had a history of Hürthle cell carcinoma of the thyroid treated with total thyroidectomy, ablative radioiodine therapy and thyroxine replacement. Subsequently, he developed metastatic spread to the neck, lungs and skeleton. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2021 Jan 16;22:e927761. Epub 2021 Jan 16.

Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

BACKGROUND Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a multi-tumor syndrome in which affected patients develop malignancies that are rare in the overall population, such as tumors of neural or endocrine origin. CASE REPORT A 67-year-old woman with a clinical diagnosis of NF1 presented with abdominal pain and pneumoperitoneum. She underwent small-bowel resections for a perforated jejunal lesion and a second lesion in the ileum; pathology showed a neurofibroma at the site of the perforation and a 1-cm low-grade GIST, respectively. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2021 Jan 11;13(2). Epub 2021 Jan 11.

Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.

In previous studies, we described a method for detecting and typing malignant tumors of the thyroid gland in fine-needle aspiration biopsy samples via analysis of a molecular marker panel (normalized mRNA level; normalized microRNA-146b, -221, and -375 levels; mitochondrial-to-nuclear DNA ratio; and mutation) in cytological preparations by quantitative PCR. In the present study, we aimed to estimate the specificity of the typing of different thyroid tumors by the proposed method. Fine-needle aspiration cytological preparations from 278 patients were used. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 Dec 23;13(1). Epub 2020 Dec 23.

Integrated Diagnostic Pathology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.

Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC) represents 3-4% of thyroid carcinoma cases. It is considered to be more aggressive than non-oncocytic thyroid carcinomas. However, due to its rarity, the pathological characteristics and biological behavior of HCC remain to be elucidated. Read More

Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2020 Dec 7;5(6):1254-1259. Epub 2020 Oct 7.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Indiana University Indianapolis Indiana USA.

Background: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid nodules suspicious for Hürthle cell neoplasms (HCN) have uncertain rate of malignancy. We aim to characterize rate and predictors of malignancy at our institution and compare these findings with established literature to help guide management.

Methods: Single tertiary-referral center, retrospective study of 166 adults who underwent hemithyroidectomy or total thyroidectomy following FNA suspicious for HCN from 1998-2018. Read More

Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2020 Jul-Sep;16(3):366-369

Hopital Militaire Avicenne, Marrakech, Morocco.

Background: Thyroid nodules are common; however, the association of two or more different tumors in the thyroid gland is unusual. We present a first case with the association of three histological types of thryroid tumors. To the best of our knowledge, this association has not been reported in the literature before. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 Nov 27;12(12). Epub 2020 Nov 27.

Clinic of Endocrinology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland.

This study assesses the role of [F] FDG PET/CT, fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and ultrasound in the 1-2% of patients with focally positive thyroid nodules on FDG PET/CT. All FDG PET/CT scans with focally increased thyroid FDG PET/CT uptake performed over 37 months in one institution were matched to patients undergoing thyroid FNA. Diffuse FDG PET/CT uptake patients were excluded. Read More

Endocrine 2020 Nov 20. Epub 2020 Nov 20.

Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.

Purpose: Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a mitochondrial fission protein, and its active form phosphorylated at Serine 616 (S616-p-DRP1) have been increasingly associated with tumorigenesis and invasion in various tumor models, including oncocytic thyroid cancer (TC). In this study, the expression of DRP1 and S616-p-DRP1 and its relationship with patients' clinicopathological characteristics, tumor genetic profiles, and clinical outcomes were assessed in a large series of follicular cell-derived TC (FCDTC).

Methods: Retrospective biomarker study characterizing the clinicopathological and immunochemistry DRP1 and S616-p-DRP1 expression of a series of 259 patients with FCDTC followed in two University Hospitals. Read More

J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020 Nov 16;49(1):78. Epub 2020 Nov 16.

Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Calgary, ENT Clinic, 1820 Richmond Road SW, Calgary, AB, T2T 5C7, Canada.

Background: Distant metastasis in thyroid cancer significantly reduces survival in patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC). There is limited information available to clinicians regarding pathological features that confer a higher risk of distant metastasis (DM). This study aimed to identify patient and tumor factors that were associated with the development of DM over time in patients with WDTC. Read More

PLoS One 2020 4;15(11):e0241597. Epub 2020 Nov 4.

Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Cytologic diagnosis of thyroid follicular adenoma and carcinoma, and Hurthle cell adenoma and carcinoma (FACHAC) is challenging due to cytomorphologic features that overlap with other follicular-patterned lesions. This study was designed to analyze diagnostic categories (DCs) of preoperative fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of histologically proven thyroid FACHACs to evaluate under- or misdiagnoses in FNAC and elucidate potential causes for such phenomena. A total of 104 thyroid nodules with preoperative FNAC which were diagnosed as FACHAC in resection specimens were included in this study. Read More

Front Oncol 2020 30;10:549882. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Recently, radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC) has received increasing attention due to its poor prognosis. The roles of clinical, pathological, and molecular features in the development of RR-DTC remain controversial and require additional investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the association between these risk factors and the occurrence of RR-DTC. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 Oct 24;9(11). Epub 2020 Oct 24.

Department of Morphometry of Endocrine Glands, Chair of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska Str 251, 92-213 Łódź, Poland.

The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic effectiveness of EU-TIRADS in two groups of nodules with equivocal cytology (categories III-V of Bethesda system), with and without Hürthle cells (HC and non-HC). The study included 162 HC and 378 non-HC nodules with determined histopathological diagnosis (17.9% and 15. Read More