BMC Cancer 2017 May 25;17(1):371. Epub 2017 May 25.

Center for Endocrine Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Pasterova 2, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.

Background: Hurthle cell carcinoma makes up 3 to 5% of all thyroid cancers and is considered to be a true rarity. The aim of our study was to analyze clinical characteristics and survival rates of patients with Hurthle cell carcinoma.

Methods: Clinical data regarding basic demographic characteristics, tumor grade, type of surgical treatment and vital status were collected. Read More

Indian J Nucl Med 2017 Apr-Jun;32(2):159-161

Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India.

PSMA PET is increasingly being used in imaging of recurrent prostate carcinoma. A case with suspected recurrent Prostate carcinoma (PCa), raised PSA (Prostate specific antigen) and suspected spinal metastases was referred for whole body Ga-68-PSMA PET/MRI. The study revealed PSMA avid recurrent prostate mass and extensive osseous metastases. Read More

Rom J Morphol Embryol 2017 ;58(1):241-248

Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;

Chronic thyroiditis may present a focal lesion, often-palpable abnormality, simulating nodular disease. The number and morphology of the Hürthle cells (HC) vary in the thyroid aspirate. Distinguishing between neoplastic and non-neoplastic HC lesions is difficult when using the fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Read More

Cureus 2017 Apr 14;9(4):e1167. Epub 2017 Apr 14.

Oncology, Kingston General Hospital and Hotel Dieu Hospital, Queens University.

A 61-year-old woman noticed a right neck lump in October 2001. Fine needle aspiration showed follicular neoplasm, adenoma versus carcinoma. The ultrasound scan showed a solid mass of maximum dimension of 3. Read More

Nuklearmedizin 2017 May 10. Epub 2017 May 10.

Ann Ital Chir 2017 ;88:15-19

Objective: Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is often accompanied by underlying thyroid pathology and 1 to 36% of these thyroid pathologies are malignant. How the identification of these lesions affects patient management is unclear. We present a single-center experience with the prevalence of concomitant thyroid cancer in patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for pHPT. Read More

Endocr Pathol 2017 Jun;28(2):177-185

Pathology Service, WRN219, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

The diagnosis of follicular-patterned carcinomas, including follicular thyroid carcinoma, oncocytic (Hürthle cell) carcinoma, and the encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, requires evidence of capsular and/or vascular invasion. With minimally invasive carcinomas classified often within less than a millimeter of tissue segregating them from adenomas and non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary-like nuclear features, opinions vary internationally over how much of the capsule to submit in order to deem it well enough represented, considering that even if grossly entirely submitted in microcassettes, without leveling through each tissue block, the capsule is truly never entirely examined microscopically. Here, we retrospectively examine submission practices and outcomes at a single, high-volume institution over a 25-year period. Read More

Indian J Surg 2017 Apr 20;79(2):148-152. Epub 2017 Jan 20.

Department of Surgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand.

Aberrant histological elements have been infrequently reported to exist within the intact thyroid gland. In addition to distant metastases to the thyroid, a number of ectopic tissue rests and unusual cysts have been described within the thyroid gland. In this article, we report the presence of a true intrathyroid lymph node and describe the first reported case of intrathyroid lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer. Read More

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017 Apr 22. Epub 2017 Apr 22.

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most differentiated malignant thyroid neoplasm. Local metastases of PTC commonly occur in the regional lymph nodes, while distant metastases are mainly to the lung and bone. The case of a patient with PTC who presented with swelling of the parotid gland and neck, mimicking a primary parotid neoplasm, is presented herein. Read More

Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2017 Feb 16. Epub 2017 Feb 16.

Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Electronic address:

Purpose: Critical access hospitals face difficulty providing all services locally and may need to refer patients off-site for additional care. Providing on-site minimally invasive biopsies, may obviate visits to tertiary or quaternary care centers. This study aims to assess feasibility and outcomes of an ultrasound-guided thyroid biopsy program in a critical access hospital. Read More

Acta Cytol 2017 14;61(2):103-110. Epub 2017 Apr 14.

Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of category 3 (atypia of undetermined significance [AUS]/follicular lesion of undetermined significance [FLUS]), category 4 (follicular neoplasm), and category 5 (suspicious for malignancy) of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC), the risk of malignancy (ROM) and the risk of neoplasia (RON) in these categories.

Study Design: A retrospective 6-year audit of 4,532 thyroid fine-needle aspirations (FNA) reported as per the TBSRTC from a single institution with cytohistological correlation in 335 cases.

Results: The frequency of categories 3, 4, and 5 was 2. Read More

Chirurgia (Bucur) 2017 Jan-Feb;112(1):18-24

Background: Our study underline scarcity of isolated case reports or small case series of parathyroid adenoma (PA) published in autochthonous medical literature,their variable clinical expression among the "historic" varieties but also the diagnostic difficulties and delays of diagnosis as well consecration of surgery as the golden therapeutic standard of this disorder.

Patients And Method: Demographic, clinical presentations, laboratory and imaging data, operative findings and procedures together with pathology account and outcome from the case reports of 18 patients with documented PHP were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The male/female ratio was 1/5, with ages ranging from 16 to 58 (mean 46) years. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2017 Jun 6;45(6):501-506. Epub 2017 Mar 6.

Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.

Background: With the increased use of whole body fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) scan for staging/restaging or primary diagnosis of neoplasia, thyroid incidentalomas have become more common. The limited reports of PET-positive thyroid incidentalomas showed incidence of malignancy ranging from 14 to 66%, and there is discrepancy in terms of the diagnostic significance of the standard uptake value (SUV) value.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 20 PET incidentalomas which had cytological evaluation from October 2009 to February 2015 at a tertiary care university medical center, M:F = 8:12. Read More

Pathol Res Pract 2017 May 22;213(5):509-517. Epub 2017 Jan 22.

Department of Pathology,Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.

Background: Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of malignant thyroid tumors. The main diagnostic clue of PTC is the presence of its characteristic nuclear features. Yet, the focal presence of these features in other thyroid lesions causes a diagnostic dilemma. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2017 Apr 11;45(4):308-311. Epub 2017 Feb 11.

Department of Pathology, Hofstra Northwell Health School of Medicine, Lake Success, New York.

Background: The Afirma gene expression classifier (GEC) is being increasingly utilized to confirm the benign nature of indeterminate FNA cytology results thus avoiding unnecessary surgical procedures. However the "suspicious" result of the Afirma GEC does not classify these indeterminate nodules further in determining appropriate management. This study investigated the outcome of the thyroid nodules deemed to be "suspicious" by the Afirma GEC in a high risk population. Read More

Endocr Pract 2017 Apr 17;23(4):442-450. Epub 2017 Jan 17.

Objective: Increasing emphasis is being placed on appropriateness of care and avoidance of over- and under-treatment. Indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITNs) present a particular risk for this problem because cancer found via diagnostic lobectomy (DL) often requires a completion thyroidectomy (CT). However, initial total thyroidectomy (TT) for benign ITN results in lifelong thyroid hormone replacement. Read More

Thyroid 2017 May 1;27(5):632-640. Epub 2017 Feb 1.

1 Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York.

Background: Distant metastases (DM) are a rare occurrence in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical, pathologic, and molecular features of primary thyroid carcinoma with low-risk histology that develop DM.

Methods: A detailed clinicopathologic review and targeted next-generation sequencing were performed on a cohort of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma lacking gross extrathyroidal extension, extensive vascular invasion, or significant lymph node metastases but exhibiting DM. Read More

J Cytol 2016 Oct-Dec;33(4):214-219

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

Aim: It is a diagnostic challenge to differentiate benign and malignant cytology in the presence of Hürthle cells. In our previous study, it was determined that in fine needle aspirations (FNA), the malignancy outcome of the Hürthle cells containing group tend to be papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in a higher percentage. The most common misinterpretation is caused by PTC cells with large cytoplasm-like Hürthle cells. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2017 Jan 1;36(1):89-94. Epub 2016 Dec 1.

Lenox Hill Radiology, New York, New York, USA.

Objectives: This study investigated the controversy of whether hypervascularity on color Doppler sonography correlates with thyroid malignancy by reviewing the literature and sonographic-pathologic correlation.

Methods: Over a 20-year period, 698 thyroid nodules had color Doppler and histopathologic data. Intranodular vascularity was graded 0 to 3+, and histopathologic findings were recorded. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2017 Feb 8;208(2):358-361. Epub 2016 Dec 8.

1 Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine patterns and cost of imaging tumor surveillance in patients after a benign fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the thyroid in a large teaching hospital as well as the rate of subsequent cancer detection.

Materials And Methods: This cohort study was approved by the appropriate institutional review board and complied with HIPAA. All patients who had a benign thyroid FNA biopsy between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2003, were identified from an institutional pathology database. Read More

J Endocrinol Invest 2017 May 24;40(5):471-479. Epub 2016 Nov 24.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: The incidence of thyroid cancer is increased in elderly patients. It tends to be larger and have more aggressive characteristics in these patients. Our aim was to compare features of thyroid carcinoma in geriatric and non-geriatric patients. Read More

Onco Targets Ther 2016 7;9:6873-6884. Epub 2016 Nov 7.

Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery; Duke Cancer Institute; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.

Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC) can present either as a minimally invasive or as a widely invasive tumor. HCC generally has a more aggressive clinical behavior compared with the other differentiated thyroid cancers, and it is associated with a higher rate of distant metastases. Minimally invasive HCC demonstrates much less aggressive behavior; lesions <4 cm can be treated with thyroid lobectomy alone, and without radioactive iodine (RAI). Read More

Oncotarget 2016 Nov;7(48):79117-79130

Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.

Primary cilia are found in the apical membrane of thyrocytes, where they may play a role in the maintenance of follicular homeostasis. In this study, we examined the distribution of primary cilia in the human thyroid cancer to address the involvement of abnormal ciliogenesis in different thyroid cancers. We examined 92 human thyroid tissues, including nodular hyperplasia, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, follicular tumor, Hürthle cell tumor, and papillary carcinoma to observe the distribution of primary cilia. Read More

Thyroid 2016 Nov;26(11):1573-1580

1 Veracyte, Inc. , South San Francisco, California.

Background: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the analytical validity of an RNA classifier for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).

Methods: Fresh-frozen tissue specimens were obtained from commercial sources, and MTC diagnoses were confirmed by histopathology review. De-identified patient fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) and whole blood from normal donors were obtained. Read More

Thyroid 2016 Nov 7;26(11):1588-1597. Epub 2016 Sep 7.

1 Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, New York.

Background: The vast majority of thyroid cancers, in particular the non-anaplastic follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinomas (non-ANA FCDC), are considered indolent tumors with very low mortality. Hence, it is crucial to analyze the subgroup of these patients who die of disease (DOD) in order to identify clinicopathologic features predictive of disease-specific mortality.

Methods: All non-ANA FCDC operated at a tertiary cancer center between 1985 and 2010 who were DOD were identified and submitted to a meticulous clinicopathologic analysis. Read More

J Assoc Physicians India 2016 Jan;64(1):97

Malabar Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Calicut.

Radiol Oncol 2016 Sep 19;50(3):289-96. Epub 2016 Jul 19.

Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Background: Hurthle cells of the thyroid gland are very rich in mitochondria and oxidative enzymes. As a high level oxidative metabolism may lead to higher level of oxidative stress and can be associated with an increased risk for cancer, we investigated whether common functional polymorphisms in antioxidant genes (SOD2, CAT, GPX, GSTP1, GSTM1 and GSTT1) are associated with the development or clinical course of Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC).

Methods: A retrospective study was performed in 139 patients treated by thyroid surgery for a Hurthle cell neoplasm. Read More

Radiol Oncol 2016 Sep 19;50(3):269-73. Epub 2016 Jul 19.

Department of Radiology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Background: Preoperative ultrasound (US) evaluation of central and lateral neck compartments is recommended for all patients undergoing a thyroidectomy for malignant or suspicious for malignancy cytologic or molecular findings. Our aim was to find out how frequent was recurrence in regional lymph nodes in patients with follicular or Hürthle cell neoplasm and usefulness of preoperative neck US investigation in patients with neoplasm.

Patients And Methods: Altogether 737 patients were surgically treated because of follicular or Hürthle cell neoplasms from 1995 to 2014 at our cancer comprehensive center, among them 207 patients (163 females, 44 males; mean age 52 years) had thyroid carcinoma. Read More

Ultrasound Med Biol 2016 Dec 19;42(12):2864-2872. Epub 2016 Sep 19.

Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address:

The aim of the study described here was to compare ultrasound features, pathologic characteristics and prognoses of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) according to cytology results. Eighty-seven FVPTCs were classified according to the first cytology results as the surgery group (n = 66, follicular neoplasm/Hürthle cell neoplasm, suspicious for malignancy and malignancy) and the indeterminate group (n = 21, non-diagnostic and benign), for whom the management was follow-up. The indeterminate group had a longer mean interval to surgery (p = 0. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2016 Sep;95(37):e4897

aDepartment of Pathology bCollege of Basic Medical Sciences, Gannan Medical University cDepartment of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, P.R. China.

Background: Oncocytic carcinoma (OC) arising in the submandibular gland is an unusual malignant neoplasm, with <20 cases previously reported. The cancer is characterized by numerous morphologically abnormal mitochondria present in the cytoplasm and marked cellular pleomorphism. At its most severe, the tumor may invade into the surrounding tissues, including intravascular, lymphatic, or perineural invasion, and lead to regional nodal or distant metastasis. Read More

West Indian Med J 2015 Sep 8. Epub 2015 Sep 8.

Department of Surgery, Radiology, Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, ENT Division, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Kingston, Jamaica, West Indies.

Introduction: There has been a marked increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer worldwide over recent decades. Some studies have suggested that the probability of finding malignancy is similar in both multinodular goitres and solitary nodules. There is a paucity of data regarding incidental thyroid cancer (ITC) in the West Indies literature. Read More

Int J Endocrinol 2016 28;2016:8945247. Epub 2016 Jul 28.

Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Zaloska 2, SL-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Background. Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) is a rare type of thyroid carcinoma. In the present study, we investigated whether the expression of miRNAs of interest is associated with the occurrence of metastases in patients with HCTC. Read More

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2016 Dec 8;39(12):1779-1784. Epub 2016 Aug 8.

Department of Radiology, Institut Bergonié, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.

An 82-year-old man, who was diagnosed in 2002 with an oncocytic (Hürthle cell) thyroid carcinoma, was initially treated by local surgery and was refractory to radioiodine treatment. The patient had successive secondary recurrences from 2006 onwards. Metastases were suspected due to an elevation of thyroglobulin in serum. Read More

Endocr Relat Cancer 2016 Sep 25;23(9):769-82. Epub 2016 Jul 25.

Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors LaboratoryDivision of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

We have identified previously a panel of markers (C1orf24, ITM1 and PVALB) that can help to discriminate benign from malignant thyroid lesions. C1orf24 and ITM1 are specifically helpful for detecting a wide range of thyroid carcinomas, and PVALB is particularly valuable for detecting the benign Hürthle cell adenoma. Although these markers may ultimately help patient care, the current understanding of their biological functions remains largely unknown. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2017 Jan 8;86(1):128-133. Epub 2016 Sep 8.

Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Objective: Valproic acid (VA) is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that has antiproliferative effects on several types of cancer, including thyroid cancer. In addition, VA has been reported to upregulate the sodium-iodine symporter in thyroid cancer cells and increases radioiodine uptake in preclinical studies. The aim of this study was to assess the antiproliferative effects of VA and to evaluate if VA can increase the radioiodine uptake in patients with advanced, radioiodine-negative thyroid cancer. Read More

Acta Chir Belg 2016 Feb;116(1):30-5

a Department of General Surgery , Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital , Istanbul , Turkey ;

Background Oncocytic (Hürthle) cell in fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) remains challenging for surgeons. Surgical treatment is recommended for oncocytic change in FNAB, since it can sometimes be a struggle to determine the nature of thyroid nodules. We aimed to investigate the clinical significance of oncocytic changes in FNAB in terms of management of patients. Read More

Pathologe 2016 Sep;37(5):473-6

Dr. Senckenbergisches Institut für Pathologie, Klinikum der J. W. Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland.

Three paratracheal lymph nodes of a 20-year-old patient were submitted for examination, of which one showed numerous thyrocytes with large void nuclei and was suspected of being metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. The simultaneously resected thyroid gland, which was subsequently submitted showed findings consistent with Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). In the context of the resected goiter tissue, the suspected lymph node metastasis was identified as a hyperplastic ectopic (so-called parasitic) goiter nodule with thyrocytic changes typically seen in Hashimoto's AIT, such as oxyphilic cell alterations and a high plasma cell content. Read More

Cancer 2016 Oct 20;124(10):729-736. Epub 2016 Jun 20.

Department of Pathology, Baptist Hospital, Miami, Florida.

Background: To the authors' knowledge, the impact of specific cytologic patterns in thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) for follicular and Hurthle cell carcinoma is not known.

Methods: The results of all thyroid FNAs performed from 1997 through 2015 with corresponding resections of follicular and Hurthle cell carcinomas were reviewed.

Results: A total of 24 follicular carcinomas and 35 Hurthle cell carcinomas were identified. Read More

Med Glas (Zenica) 2016 Aug;13(2):113-7

Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Aim To determine frequency and type of thyroid cancer (TC) as well as gender and age distribution of patients operated at the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods A retrospective analysis of data obtained from an operating protocol and disease history of patients operated in the eightyear period (2007- 2014) was made according to the frequency and type of thyroid cancer, as well as age and gender of the patients. χ2 test was used for statistical with p<0. Read More

Thyroid 2016 Jul 6;26(7):959-64. Epub 2016 Jun 6.

Duke Cancer Institute and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina.

Background: Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC) is not typically iodine avid, raising questions regarding postoperative use of radioactive iodine (RAI). The aims of this study were to describe current practice patterns regarding the use of RAI for HCC and to assess its association with survival.

Methods: The National Cancer Data Base 1998-2006 was queried for all patients with HCC who underwent total thyroidectomy. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2016 Mar 1;10(3):EC06-10. Epub 2016 Mar 1.

Lecturer, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University , Egypt .

Introduction: Diagnosing follicular-patterned thyroid neoplasm can be quiet challenging in some cases, where an immunohistochemical profiling becomes mandatory. Galectin-3 may be a helpful tool for classical PTC diagnosis, but it cannot be considered as a diagnostic marker of malignancy. Glypican-3, in contrast, is not thoroughly studied in thyroid neoplasms. Read More

Langenbecks Arch Surg 2016 May 24;401(3):365-73. Epub 2016 Mar 24.

University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Purpose: Traditionally, total thyroidectomy has been advocated for patients with tumors larger than 1 cm. However, according to the ATA and NCCN guidelines (2015, USA), patients with tumors up to 4 cm are now eligible for lobectomy. A rationale for adhering to total thyroidectomy might be the presence of contralateral carcinomas. Read More

Can J Surg 2016 Apr;59(2):113-7

From the Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal (Kocharyan); the departments of Surgery (Schwenter) and Surgical Oncology (Schwenter, Nassif), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal; and the departments of Radiology (Bélair) and Surgical Oncology (Nassif), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Que.

Background: Cervical lymph node involvement in thyroid cancer is associated with locoregional recurrence and decreased disease-free survival. Preoperative lymph node mapping helps in planning surgery for neck dissection and improves patient outcomes. We sought to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of ultrasound mapping for thyroid cancer and evaluate the clinical importance of this exam in terms of identifying the group of patients who would benefit most from subsequent surgical dissection. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2016 Sep 21;24(6):519-24. Epub 2016 Mar 21.

American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

Despite the increase in the incidence of thyroid carcinomas, the occurrence of collision tumors in the thyroid remains a rare event. We present the case of a 69-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of painful neck swelling. Imaging revealed a large right hemithyroid mass and a left hemithyroid nodule. Read More

Oncol Lett 2016 Mar 26;11(3):1635-1644. Epub 2016 Jan 26.

Laboratory of Clinical Virology, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion 71409, Greece.

Thyroid cancer is considered the most common malignancy that affects the endocrine system. Generally, thyroid cancer derives from follicular epithelial cells, and thyroid cancer is divided into well-differentiated papillary (80% of cases) and follicular (15% of cases) carcinoma. Follicular thyroid cancer is further divided into the conventional and oncocytic (Hürthle cell) type, poorly differentiated carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma. Read More

BMC Cancer 2016 Feb 26;16:162. Epub 2016 Feb 26.

Department of Radiology, Institute of Oncology, Zaloska 2, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Background: It is generally believed that patients with Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) have a poor prognosis. Furthermore, distant metastases represent the most frequent cause of thyroid cancer-related death of patients with HCTC. The aim of this study was to report the treatment and outcomes of patients with distant metastases. Read More

Niger Med J 2015 Nov-Dec;56(6):433-5

Department of Histopathology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.

Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease, known to be the most common cause of hypothyroidism in nonendemic goitrous areas. It is usually characterized by symmetric, painless, and diffused but sometimes localized swelling of the thyroid gland with features of hypothyroidism. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), on the other hand, is the most common yet less aggressive form of thyroid cancer, especially in iodine-deficient areas. Read More

Thyroid 2016 Apr 12;26(4):518-24. Epub 2016 Feb 12.

1 Endocrinology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill-Cornell College of Medicine , New York, New York.

Background: With the advent of molecular targeted therapy for the management of radioactive iodine (RAI) refractory, progressive metastatic thyroid cancer, it becomes important to define the time course and risk factors for structural disease progression in follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer (FCDTC) patients. This will help in defining the optimal time to start these therapies and better define their impact on structural disease progression.

Objectives: This retrospective review of 199 consecutive patients with FCDTC presenting with lung metastasis examined the progression-free survival (PFS) in thyroid cancer patients with lung metastasis treated with surgery and RAI, and who had not received molecular targeted therapy or chemotherapy. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2015 Dec 1;9(12):OD08-10. Epub 2015 Dec 1.

Medical Student, Medical Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz, Iran .

Separate occurrence of thyroid and parathyroid carcinoma in patients is extremely rare, and to the best of our knowledge, only 7 patients with documented parathyroid and papillary thyroid carcinomas have been described formerly in published reports. We report a patient with an extremely unusual clinical presentation of Hürthle cell carcinoma in thyroid and parathyroid carcinoma. The patient displayed a rare presentation of life-threatening hypercalcaemia after total para-thyroidectomy and failed to respond to standard therapy. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2016 Jan 13;2016. Epub 2016 Jan 13.

Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil EPE, Lisboa, Portugal.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4 (MEN 4) is a novel form of multiple endocrine neoplasia caused by mutations in the CDKN1B gene. Its clinical presentation includes MEN 1-related tumours such as parathyroid and anterior pituitary tumours in possible association with gonadal, adrenal, renal and thyroid tumours as well as facial angiofibromas, colagenomas and meningiomas. We describe the case of a patient with meningioma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, parathyroid adenoma and, additionally, Hürthle cell adenoma, cholesteatoma and uterine leiomyomas. Read More