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Am J Med Genet A 2020 Jul 6. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.

Deletions in the 12q21 region are rare and non-recurrent CNVs. To date, only 11 patients with deletions in this region have been reported in the literature. These patients most often presented with syndromic intellectual deficiency, ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus, ectodermal abnormalities, growth retardation and renal and cardiac malformations, suggesting a recognizable microdeletion syndrome. Read More

Cureus 2020 May 28;12(5):e8329. Epub 2020 May 28.

Internal Medicine, Permian Internal Medicine Associates, Odessa, USA.

We describe the case of a 23-year-old African American male who presented to the emergency department complaining of unremitting dyspepsia for the last four months. His blood pressure was incidentally found to be 230/157 mm Hg. The initial admitting diagnosis in the intensive care unit was hypertensive "emergency" as he had also displayed acute kidney injury that was deemed to be superimposed on chronic kidney disease. Read More

World J Urol 2020 Jun 27. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Division of Pediatric Urology, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.

Purpose: This study aimed to report a multi-institutional retrospective case series of outcomes after robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RALP) in pediatric patients with complex pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO).

Methods: All patients undergoing complex RALP over the last 5 years were included. RALP was defined complex in the following cases of PUJO: anatomic variations including ectopic, malrotated, horseshoe, or duplex kidney and recurrent PUJO after failed open pyeloplasty. Read More

Urology 2020 Jun 20. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

LAC+USC Medical Center, Department of Urology, Los Angeles, California.

A 13-year old boy presented with gross hematuria following a skateboarding accident and was found to have cross-fused renal ectopia of the left kidney with a grade IV right renal laceration and urinary extravasation. Despite a double-J ureteral stent, urinoma drain, and indwelling bladder catheter, his urinoma drain maintained high output. He underwent a ureteral stent exchange and upsizing. Read More

Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Derg 2019 Jun 22;28(2):377-381. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Health Sciences University, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

A 68-year-old male patient was referred to our clinic for treatment of an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. Computed tomography angiography revealed a horseshoe kidney overlying the aneurysm. The patient had an accessory renal artery arising from the anterior aspect of the aneurysm. Read More

Indian J Urol 2020 Apr-Jun;36(2):138-139. Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, KIMS Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Supernumerary kidney is one of the rarest congenital anomalies of the genito-urinary tract. Around 100 cases have been reported in the literature so far. Even rare is the fusion of a supernumerary kidney. Read More

Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020 Jul 15;319(1):F139-F148. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.

Inflammation is a major determinant for the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). NF-κB is a master transcription factor upregulated in CKD that promotes inflammation and regulates apoptosis and vascular remodeling. We aimed to modulate this pathway for CKD therapy in a swine model of CKD using a peptide inhibitor of the NF-κB p50 subunit (p50i) fused to a protein carrier [elastin-like polypeptide (ELP)] and equipped with a cell-penetrating peptide (SynB1). Read More

Actas Urol Esp 2020 Jun 11. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, Estados Unidos; Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, Estados Unidos; Miami Transplant Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, Estados Unidos. Electronic address:

Background: Transplantation of kidneys with vascular anatomical variants remains a challenge. Due to its varying success in regard to graft function after transplantation, these organs have been frequently discarded assuming in advance an unaffordable rate of vascular complications.

Patients And Methods: We performed three kidney transplants using organs from deceased donors harboring vascular variants (multiple arteries and short veins), including an unsplittable horseshoe kidney. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2020 Jul 23;20(1):479-485. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Microscopic Morphology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.

CHARGE syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition caused by mutations in the chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 7 (CHD7) gene. The present study reported on the case of a 16-month-old female with plurimalformative syndrome, whose etiology was identified by clinical whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis. Clinical and follow-up assessments identified multiple craniofacial dysmorphisms, congenital defects and functional symptoms, including dysphagia and Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis. Read More

Ophthalmic Genet 2020 Jun 8:1-4. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Tung Wah Eastern Hosptial , Causewaybay, Hong Kong.

Background: Microphthalmia, anophthalmia, coloboma (MAC) complex is a spectrum of ocular abnormalities that occur in isolation or as part of a syndrome. Genetic abnormalities have been shown to account for 80% of cases in bilateral anophthalmia or severe microphthalmia, where 25-30% were attributed to chromosomal defects in this subset of MAC patients. To date, chromosome 9 short arm (9p) abnormalities have not been shown to associate with development of MAC. Read More

Urology 2020 Jun 4. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Department of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, 4-20, Komatsubara-dori, Wakayama City, Wakayama, Japan.

Background: Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in metastatic testicular cancer is a technically challenging procedure. In right-modified RPLND, retrocaval lymph nodes are often not visible and cannot be adequately dissected using only the transperitoneal approach. In laparoscopic nephrectomy (LN) for horseshoe kidney, the kidney cannot be sufficiently moved due to its connection to the contralateral kidney, and the isthmus and lower poles have separate blood supplies arising from the aorta or iliac artery. Read More

J Int Med Res 2020 Jun;48(6):300060520926736

Department of Urology, the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.

A horseshoe kidney is a congenital kidney malformation commonly associated with complications such as hydronephrosis, renal calculi, and infections of the renal pelvis. Renal cell carcinoma is extremely rare in a horseshoe kidney; once it occurs, however, it is intractable because of vascular abnormalities. This is especially true in laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery, even for tumors of <4 cm in diameter. Read More

Clin Spine Surg 2020 May 29. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare complication rates and clinical and radiologic outcome between the mini-open prepsoas and mini-open transpsoas approaches for lateral lumbar interbody fusion.

Summary Of Background Data: Both approaches are believed to be safe with similar complication rates. Read More

Front Oncol 2020 8;10:730. Epub 2020 May 8.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare T-cell neoplasm, accounting for approximately 3% of adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Although NPM1 is the most common fusion partner with ALK, many others have been described, necessitating break-apart FISH studies for confirmation of the diagnosis. TNF receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) is a rare ALK partner that is thought to confer a worse prognosis in patients. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 21;12(4):e7760. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Anatomy, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai, IND.

Introduction Congenital ureter anomalies such as double ureters are uncommon developmental anomalies of the renal system. An abnormal branching pattern of ureteric bud results in the formation of double ureter. This study examined the incidence of double ureter in cadavers of a South Indian population. Read More

Cureus 2020 Apr 14;12(4):e7669. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Radiology and Imaging, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, USA.

Crossed fused renal ectopia and the presence of a supernumerary kidney are both rare congenital variants that are often asymptomatic but may be associated with other developmental anomalies. Here we present a case of a 20-year-old male with a known diagnosis of crossed fused renal ectopia as well as a history of imperforate anus and tethered spinal cord treated in infancy. He presented to the emergency room with symptoms of flank pain, and a noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a 4-mm stone in the distal left ureter. Read More

Kidney Int Rep 2020 May 30;5(5):718-726. Epub 2020 Jan 30.

Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.

Introduction: Alport syndrome is a hereditary glomerulonephritis that results from the disruption of collagen α345(IV) heterotrimerization caused by mutation in , or genes. Many clinical studies have elucidated the correlation between genotype and phenotype, but there is still much ambiguity and insufficiency. Here, we focused on the α345(IV) heterotrimerization of α5(IV) missense mutant as a novel factor to further understand the pathophysiology of Alport syndrome. Read More

Urology 2020 May 8. Epub 2020 May 8.

Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY. Electronic address:

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2020 Feb;47(2):301-303

Dept. of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Police Hospital.

A 67-year-old woman presented with bloody stools to a local physician. Lower gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a type 3 all-circumferential tumor at descending colon. She was diagnosed with descending colon cancer and referred to our hospital for surgery. Read More

Spine Deform 2020 May 6. Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences, 1740 West Taylor Street, Suite 3200 W, M/C 515, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.

Purpose: We sought to identify the national incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with pediatric posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery for scoliosis, and to determine factors that increase risk.

Methods: The 1998-2014 National Inpatient Sample (NIS), a large United States hospital discharge database, was queried for discharges aged 0-17 years with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes for scoliosis undergoing PSF for the outcome of AKI. Discharges were divided into those with AKI and unaffected. Read More

Pediatr Dev Pathol 2020 May 4:1093526620908459. Epub 2020 May 4.

Department of Pathology, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey.

The occurrence of monochorionic diamniotic twins with sex discordance is a very rare phenomenon. We present a case of spontaneously conceived gender-discordant monochorionic diamniotic twins born to a 23-year-old female, both twins demonstrating similar blood karyotype 45,X/46,X, idic(Y) and a novel 99 kb mutation at 3p24.3 involving exons 15-16 of transcript NM_001134381. Read More

Kurume Med J 2020 Jul 24;66(1):55-58. Epub 2020 Apr 24.

Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine.

Herein we present a case of a horseshoe kidney with crossed fused renal ectopia. Both of these pathologies are congenital anomalies; however, to date, there are few cases that present with both. In this case, discovered during routine dissection, the fused kidney was mostly left-sided and very low in the pelvis. Read More

Urology 2020 Apr 23. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India. Electronic address:

Supernumerary kidney, a rare congenital anomaly, defined as an additional kidney with a separate capsule, collecting system and blood supply draining into the native ureter or a separate ureter. Small fused supernumerary units may be difficult to differentiate from renal moiety with complete separate ectopic ureter without complete evaluation. We report a case of a supernumerary kidney fused with the capsule of ipsilateral kidney with a separate complete ureter draining into the introitus of a young female thereby presenting as total incontinence of urine. Read More

JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2019 Sep-Oct;57(219):376-378

Department of Radiology and Imaging, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal.

Supernumerary kidney is a rare clinical entity with fused supernumerary kidney being even rarer. Caudally located fused right supernumerary kidney with multiple nephrolithiasis was diagnosed in a 69-years-old lady by Computed Tomography Urography. A separate renal artery arising from the abdominal aorta as well as separate renal vein draining into the inferior vena cava was present along with right sided bifid collecting system. Read More

Exp Mol Med 2020 Apr 22;52(4):682-690. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.

Lineage-specific genetic programs rely on cell-restricted super-enhancers, which are platforms for high-density transcription factor occupation. It is not known whether super-enhancers synergize specifically with their native promoters or provide autonomous and independent regulatory platforms. Here, we investigated the ability of the mammary Wap super-enhancer to activate the promoter of the juxtaposed and ubiquitously expressed Tbrg4 gene in the mouse mammary gland. Read More

Cureus 2020 Mar 15;12(3):e7279. Epub 2020 Mar 15.

Vascular Surgery, Grand Strand Medical Center/University of South Carolina, Myrtle Beach, USA.

Horseshoe kidneys and their wide-ranging anatomy present a unique test to the open surgical approach for repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Endovascular options are currently the desired strategy for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms and offer multiple advantages when horseshoe kidneys are present. Even so, the challenging nature of these patients demands a high degree of caution and planning. Read More

J Endourol 2020 Jun 22. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

To report the outcomes of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in horseshoe kidneys (HSK) in 12 institutions worldwide and evaluate the impact of patient position during operation. We carried out a retrospective analysis of PCNL procedures performed between 2008 and 2018 in patients with HSK. Pre-, peri-, and postoperative data were collected, and a subgroup analysis was performed according to patient position. Read More

Urology 2020 Apr 10. Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncolology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Asian J Urol 2020 Apr 30;7(2):130-138. Epub 2019 Dec 30.

Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Staghorn stones have always been a challenge for urologists, especially in some special situations, such as horseshoe kidney, ectopic kidney, paediatric kidney, and solitary kidney. The treatment of these staghorn stones must be aggressive because they can lead to renal function loss and serious complications. The gold-standard management for staghorn stones is surgical treatment with the aim of clearing the stones and preserving renal function. Read More

Arch Esp Urol 2020 Apr;73(3):202-208

Clínica Andina de Urología. Mendoza. Argentina.

Objective: The management of stone disease in renal abnormalities is a challenge for urologist due to its rarity. The aim of the current manuscript is to report our experience in Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS) in 4 complex-abdnormal cases using the flexible videoureterorrenoscopy.

Material And Methods: Data was prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed regarding our first 100 RIRS for stone disease with flexible videoureterorrenoscope (FLEX-X 8. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2020 Mar 20. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India.

Objective: To estimate the frequency of renal and urinary tract anomalies in first-degree relatives of children with Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT).

Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on parents and siblings of 138 children with CAKUT. Renal ultrasonogram, radionuclide diuretic renogram and micturating cysturethrogram were the tools used for screening these family members. Read More

Cureus 2020 Feb 25;12(2):e7099. Epub 2020 Feb 25.

Urology, Darent Valley Hospital, Dartford, GBR.

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is the common renal fusion congenital anomaly, affecting about 0.25% of the global population. Although most HSKs are detected incidentally, they may present with clinical findings, including urinary tract infections (UTI), stone formation, and obstruction. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2020 May 23;30:101110. Epub 2019 Dec 23.

University of Health and Sciences Sisli Etfal Traning and Research Hospital Urology Department Istanbul, Turkey.

Kidney anomalies are always a challenge even for the most experienced vascular and urologic surgeons in the reconstruction of the abdominal aortic segment. In the literature, the most common anomalies of the kidney are the horseshoe kidney.

The Case: A 77-year-old male headed to the emergency department with complaints of acute abdominal pain and sudden onset of fatigue. Read More

Bioorg Chem 2020 May 8;98:103732. Epub 2020 Mar 8.

Program on Chemical Biology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, CHE, Ministry of Education, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand.

This study reported the discovery of novel compounds containing five-membered ring fused quinoline core structures as anticancer and antimalarial agents. Two libraries containing these core structures, neocryptolepines and carbocycle-fused quinolines, were prepared and evaluated. Compound 3h was found to be much more potent than other analogs against cancer cell lines with high selectivity. Read More

Res Rep Urol 2020 19;12:49-52. Epub 2020 Feb 19.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

The objective of this case report is to highlight treatment by LAT-PCNL in a patient with horseshoe kidney. A 51-year-man with hematuria presented to the emergency department with moderate abdominal pain starting 7 hrs ago. He did not report a history of previous urological disease. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Feb 21;21(4). Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.

Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) results in high mortality rates of infected marine fish worldwide. Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines in vertebrates that suppress viral replication and regulate immune responses. Heterologous overexpression of fish IFN in bacteria could be problematic because of protein solubility and loss of function due to protein misfolding. Read More

Turk Gogus Kalp Damar Cerrahisi Derg 2019 Oct 23;27(4):586. Epub 2019 Oct 23.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Muğla, Turkey.

Coexistence of infrarenal aortic occlusion, known as Leriche syndrome, and horseshoe kidney is extremely rare. The isthmus of the latter, which usually contains functional renal parenchyma, complicates surgery. A 52-year-old male patient with Leriche syndrome and concomitant horseshoe kidney disease underwent a successful surgical repair. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Feb 11;10(1):2333. Epub 2020 Feb 11.

Center for Biomedical Research, The Queen's Medical Center, 1301 Punchbowl St., Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.

TRPM7 belongs to the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin family of ion channels and is a divalent cation-conducting ion channel fused with a functional kinase. TRPM7 plays a key role in a variety of diseases, including neuronal death in ischemia, cancer, cardiac atrial fibrillation, malaria invasion. TRPM7 is aberrantly over-expressed in lung, liver and heart fibrosis. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2020 May 13;30:101117. Epub 2020 Jan 13.

Gansu Provincial Hospital, Gansu, 730000, China.

A 48-year-old man was presented in the local hospitalized where he lived because of lower back pain one month ago. Then he came to our hospital for kidney stones on the right side within horseshoe kidneys and hydronephrosis diagnosed by imaging and abdominal ultrasound. After we proceeded single standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy with holmium laser combined EMS, his stones were totally removed with little intraoperative bleeding. Read More

Anal Bioanal Chem 2020 Mar 6;412(8):1723-1728. Epub 2020 Feb 6.

Shenzhen Innova Nanobodi Co., Ltd., No. 7018 Caitian Road, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM-5) assays are employed in routine clinical settings to diagnose tumor. We selected two nanobodies with high-affinity to CEACAM-5, termed Nb11C12 and Nb2D5, using phage-display technology. The Nb2D5 fused with calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase (CAP), human placental alkaline phosphatase (HAP), or Pyrococcus abyssi alkaline phosphatase (PAP) were expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Read More

Turk J Urol 2019 11 1;45(Supp. 1):S108-S110. Epub 2019 Dec 1.

Clinic of Pediatric Nephrology, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Konya, Turkey.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate if voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is necessary for the evaluation of unilateral ectopic pelvic kidney (UEPK) in order to identify vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).

Material And Methods: Files of the patients who had been followed-up for ectopic pelvic kidney in two pediatric nephrology clinics between August 2011 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Other anomalies, such as crossed, fused, and bilateral pelvic ectopia were excluded. Read More

J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 2020 Mar 1;6(1):14-17. Epub 2020 Feb 1.

Department of Endovascular and Vascular Surgery, Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical Center, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is a rare anatomic anomaly that poses surgical challenges in the setting of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. An endovascular approach is safer for patients yet carries technical challenge because of variable renal vasculature. We present the case of a patient with an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and concomitant HSK who underwent successful repair with a custom fenestrated endograft with preservation of a midaortic renal artery. Read More

Dev Reprod 2019 Dec 31;23(4):333-344. Epub 2019 Dec 31.

Dept. of Marine Molecular Biosciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea.

In vertebrate reproductive system, estrogen receptor (ER) plays a pivotal role in mediation of estrogenic signaling pathways. In the present study, we report the cDNA cloning, expression analysis, and transcriptional activity of ERβ1 subtype from medaka . The deduced ERβ1 (odERβ1; 519 amino acids) contained six characteristic A/B to E/F domains with very short activation function 2 region (called AF2). Read More

Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg 2020 Feb;26(2):111-115

From the Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital.

Objective: Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is the most common renal fusion defect that can alter vascular and upper urinary tract anatomy. Anatomic variations in the presacral space can make surgical dissection very challenging. The aim of this study was to characterize presacral anatomy in women with HSK. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Jan 23;13(1). Epub 2020 Jan 23.

Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Isolated renal involvement by myxoid adipocytic tumour is a very rare presentation. We are reporting a horseshoe kidney with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) with myxolipoma, which was revealed after routine histopathological evaluation postbilateral open pyeloplasty. We evaluated the patient thoroughly and after detailed discussions with the patient and parents, took the decision to manage the patient on active surveillance with interval imaging and renal dynamic scans. Read More

PLoS One 2020 15;15(1):e0227646. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.

The serum concentration of thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH) is drastically reduced by small increase in the levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and its prohormone, T4); however, the mechanism underlying this relationship is unknown. TSH consists of the chorionic gonadotropin α (CGA) and the β chain (TSHβ). The expression of both peptides is induced by the transcription factor GATA2, a determinant of the thyrotroph and gonadotroph differentiation in the pituitary. Read More

Clin Genitourin Cancer 2019 Dec 5. Epub 2019 Dec 5.

Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address:

Background: Primary neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the kidney are exceedingly rare malignancies and the available literature is very limited. The natural history and response to treatments is not well characterized. We aimed to describe the presenting features, demographics, tumor characteristics, and treatment outcomes of patients with renal NENs. Read More

Histochem Cell Biol 2020 Apr 6;153(4):199-213. Epub 2020 Jan 6.

Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.

Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) mainly localizes to lysosomes and late endosomes. We herein investigated the intracellular localization of lysosomal membrane proteins in five mammalian cultured cell lines. Rat LAMP1 fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) mostly accumulated at a particular cytoplasmic area and barely co-localized with LysoTracker® Red DND-99 in golden hamster kidney BHK-21 cells and Chinese hamster ovary CHO-K1 cells. Read More

Mol Cancer Ther 2020 03 23;19(3):812-821. Epub 2019 Dec 23.

Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.

Recombinant immunotoxins (RIT) are chimeric proteins containing an Fv that binds to tumor cells, fused to a fragment of exotoxin (PE) that kills the cell. Their efficacy is limited by their short half-life in the circulation. Chemical modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a well-established method to extend the half-lives of biologics. Read More