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Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2022 Jun 11;108(4):103312. Epub 2022 May 11.

Ramsay Santé, centre orthopédique Santy, hôpital privé Jean Mermoz, 24, avenue Paul-Santy, 69008 Lyon, France. Electronic address:

The goal of this study was to describe and evaluate endoscopic bursectomy combined with fascia lata lengthening in the treatment of type I and II greater trochanteric pain syndrome recalcitrant to conservative management. This was a retrospective study of 20 patients (7 type I, 13 type II) reviewed with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. The mean follow-up was 44±11 [26-65] months. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2022 05;50(6):1603-1608

Steadman Hawkins Clinic of the Carolinas, Prisma Health-Upstate, Greenville, South Carolina, USA.

Background: Patients with gluteus medius tendinopathy present with laterally based hip pain that can be diagnosed under the greater trochanteric pain syndrome diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can assist in diagnosing pathology of the symptomatic hip, and when a pelvic MRI that includes both hips, the clinician may identify asymptomatic tears in the nonsurgical hip. In patients who undergo unilateral gluteus medius repairs, little is known about the prevalence or subsequent onset of clinical symptoms in the nonsurgical hip. Read More

Int J Sports Phys Ther 2022 1;17(3):508-518. Epub 2022 Apr 1.

Department of Physical Therapy, Duquesne University.

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) refers to pain in the lateral hip and thigh and can encompass multiple diagnoses including external snapping hip (coxa saltans), also known as proximal iliotibial band syndrome, trochanteric bursitis, and gluteus medius (GMed) or gluteus minimus (GMin) tendinopathy or tearing. GTPS presents clinicians with a similar diagnostic challenge as non-specific low back pain with special tests being unable to identify the specific pathoanatomical structure involved and do little to guide the clinician in prescription of treatment interventions. Like the low back, the development of GTPS has been linked to faulty mechanics during functional activities, mainly the loss of pelvic control in the frontal place secondary to hip abductor weakness or pain with hip abductor activation. Read More

Arthroplast Today 2022 Apr 18;14:148-153. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.

Iliopsoas bursitis is a well-established cause of groin pain after total hip arthroplasty (THA), and it can become dramatically more complex when associated with neurovascular compression. Iliopsoas bursitis may be caused by a variety of pathologies in the setting of a THA but most frequently due to a prominent acetabular component or implant wear. Here we report a rare case of a female patient presenting with iliopsoas tendonitis, an accompanying femoral nerve palsy, and debilitating pain beginning 12 years after a previously successful primary THA without apparent implant wear. Read More

BJR Case Rep 2022 Mar 9;7(6):20210075. Epub 2022 Mar 9.

Department of Radiology, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Hydroxyapatite crystal deposition disease (HADD) around the hip is typically described involving the gluteal tendons. However, HADD can occur in any location and result in varied clinical presentations. Even with small deposits, symptoms can be significant and imaging findings may appear aggressive, mimicking infection and malignancy particularly when in an atypical location. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021 Dec 20;22(1):1048. Epub 2021 Dec 20.

Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, 11 Kirinari St, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia.

Background: Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is a musculoskeletal condition which can cause disability and reduce quality of life. However, limited evidence is available on the long-term outcomes of people with GTPS. Our aims were to determine the long-term prevalence of GTPS; to calculate the proportion of people with GTPS who had developed hip osteoarthritis (OA); and to determine the level of function and quality of life, 11-years after initial GTPS diagnosis. Read More

Arthroscopy 2021 11;37(11):3227-3228

Southern California Orthopedic Institute, Van Nuys, California, U.S.A.

Proximal hamstring tears are common among athletes, especially in sports involving eccentric lengthening during forced hip flexion and knee extension, such as hurdles or water skiing. Tears are described by timing (acute [<1 month] or chronic) and severity (partial or complete). Complete tears are easily identified with magnetic resonance imaging; however, partial tears may be subtle and potentially missed. Read More

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2021 Sep 22. Epub 2021 Sep 22.

Department of Orthopaedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: External snapping hip syndrome (ESH) is postulated to be one of the causes of greater trochanteric pain syndrome, which also includes greater trochanteric bursitis and tendinopathy or tears of the hip abductor mechanism. However, it was not yet described what kind of bony morphology can cause the snapping and whether symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals have different imaging features.

Purpose: It was the purpose of this study to look for predisposing morphological factors for ESH and to differentiate between painful and asymptomatic snapping. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2021 Oct 9;143:109876. Epub 2021 Aug 9.

Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Radiology, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address:

Purpose: Tendon pathology around the hip is a common entity. The aim of this study was to detect tendon abnormalities around the hip in a population of asymptomatic volunteers.

Materials And Methods: Fifty volunteers (100 hips) referred for non-musculoskeletal conditions were evaluated with an additional coronal STIR-weighted MRI imaging on a 1. Read More

Br Med Bull 2021 09;139(1):86-99

Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy.

Introduction: Greater trochanter pain syndrome (GTPS) is characterized by a persistent and debilitating pain around the greater trochanter. GTPS can be caused by a combination of gluteus medius or minimus tendinopathy, snapping hip or trochanteric bursitis.

Source Of Data: Recent published literatures identified from PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Scopus. Read More

SAGE Open Med 2021 3;9:20503121211022582. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome is a common cause of lateral hip pain, encompassing a spectrum of disorders, including trochanteric bursitis, abductor tendon pathology, and external coxa saltans. Greater trochanteric pain syndrome is primarily a clinical diagnosis, and careful clinical examination is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment. A thorough history and physical exam may be used to help differentiate greater trochanteric pain syndrome from other common causes of hip pain, including osteoarthritis, femoroacetabular impingement, and lumbar stenosis. Read More

Int J Rheum Dis 2021 Jul 10;24(7):941-947. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Postgraduation program in Rehabilitation Sciences, UEL/UNOPAR, Paraná, Brazil.

Introduction: There are many studies on the Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (GTPS), however its relationship with radiographic and biomechanics parameters is not established.

Objective: To compare the magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the hip, radiographic parameters of sagittal alignment (pelvic incidence, sacral slope and lumbar lordosis), muscular strength and endurance in women with and without GTPS.

Methods: Forty women, age over 45, IMC <30 Kg/m and sedentary, were recruited and distributed in two groups: GTPS group (GTPSG, n = 20) and Control group (CG, n = 20). Read More

J Orthop Surg Res 2021 May 19;16(1):322. Epub 2021 May 19.

Avanfi Institute and Unit for Ultrasound-guided Surgery, Hospital Beata María Ana, Calle de Donoso Cortes 80, 28015, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Greater trochanteric pain syndrome encompasses a range of causes of lateral hip pain including greater trochanteric bursitis, tendinopathy and tears of the gluteus minimus and medius, and lateral snapping hip (LSH). Surgical options for LSH range from open surgery to endoscopic surgery, including a diamond-shaped cut or a simple transversal release to gluteus maximus tendon release. Resection of an area of proximal iliotibial band (ITB) and step-cut or z-plasty lengthening have not proven superior to transverse release of the ITB. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2021 Apr 22;9(4):2325967121998389. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: Gluteal tendinopathy is commonly reported in the literature, but there is a need for a validated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based scoring system to grade the severity of the tendinopathy.

Purpose: To use intra- and interobserver reliability to validate a new scoring system, the Melbourne Hip MRI (MHIP) score, for assessing the severity of gluteal tendinopathy.

Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Read More

Clin Sports Med 2021 Apr 5;40(2):311-322. Epub 2021 Feb 5.

USC Epstein Family for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, 1520 San Pablo Street, #2000, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.

The hip trochanteric bursa, tendinous insertions of the gluteal muscles, and the origin vastus lateralis make up the main structures of the peritrochanteric space. Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) refers to pain generated by one or multiple disorders of the peritrochanteric space, such as trochanteric bursitis, gluteus medius and minimus tendinopathy or tear, and disorders of the proximal iliotibial band. Patients with GTPS might present with associated intra-articular hip pathology, which requires further investigation and appropriate management. Read More

Acta Orthop 2021 06 12;92(3):254-257. Epub 2021 Feb 12.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St Anna Hospital, Geldrop.

Background and purpose - Machine learning (ML) techniques are a form of artificial intelligence able to analyze big data. Analyzing the outcome of (digital) questionnaires, ML might recognize different patterns in answers that might relate to different types of pathology. With this study, we investigated the proof-of-principle of ML-based diagnosis in patients with hip complaints using a digital questionnaire and the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) osteoarthritis score. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2021 01;103(2):81-89

University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

Adults commonly present to their family physicians with hip pain, and diagnosing the cause is important for prescribing effective therapy. Hip pain is usually located anteriorly, laterally, or posteriorly. Anterior hip pain includes referred pain from intra-abdominal or intrapelvic causes; extra-articular etiologies, such as hip flexor injuries; and intra-articular etiologies. Read More

Arthroscopy 2020 11;36(11):2775-2776

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome includes a spectrum of hip pathology, including trochanteric bursitis, gluteus medius or minimus tendinosis, partial abductor tear, full-thickness tear, and full-thickness tear plus retraction (with or without fatty atrophy). Physical diagnosis includes palpation for tenderness at the greater trochanter and evaluation for strength loss, including observation of gait. Women are significantly more likely to have a tear of the hip abductors than men. Read More

J Chiropr Med 2019 Dec 3;18(4):317-320. Epub 2020 Sep 3.

Clinic Services, Palmer College of Chiropractic Florida, Port Orange, Florida.

Objective: This case study describes conservative management of high hamstring tendinopathy in a master's-age tae kwon do athlete.

Clinical Features: A 53-year-old female tae kwon do athlete of 10 years presented after ceasing activities of performance for over a year owing to chronic pain of insidious onset in the left buttock with radiation to the left hip and posterior thigh. The patient's pain was preventing her from being able to perform regular activities of daily living such as brisk walking or sitting. Read More

Ultrasound Med Biol 2020 07 5;46(7):1584-1598. Epub 2020 May 5.

Center for General Practice at Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.

Ultrasound (US) assists in the determination of the pathology underlying greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS); however, there exists no consensus regarding the US criteria used to define these pathologies. We aim to explore these US definitions and their associated prevalence. "Trochanteric bursitis" was defined in 10 studies (13 included studies) and was heterogeneously described. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2020 Jul 31;49(7):1155-1158. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

Department of Radiology, St Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.

Injection of steroid and anesthetic into the greater trochanteric bursa is commonly performed for trochanteric bursitis, gluteus medius/minimus tendinopathy, or as a part of a barbotage procedure for gluteus medius or minimus calcific tendonosis. Trochanteric bursal injection is widely performed both with and without image guidance, and is typically viewed as low-difficulty; however optimum needle tip position can be challenging. We discuss a simple dynamic technique to aid the practitioner in optimal needle placement. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2020 Jan 24;8(1):2325967119895602. Epub 2020 Jan 24.

Sports Medicine Professionals, Richmond, Australia.

Background: Recalcitrant greater trochanteric pain is increasingly recognized as an indication for surgical intervention. The arthroscopic approach has become rapidly more common than the open alternative.

Hypothesis: Patients undergoing radiofrequency microdebridement (RFMD) as an adjunct to arthroscopic gluteal bursectomy (AGB) and iliotibial band release (ITBR) will experience better functional improvement than AGB and ITBR alone at 1 year. Read More

Arthrosc Tech 2019 Nov 25;8(11):e1379-e1387. Epub 2019 Oct 25.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome can be caused by gluteus medius and minimus tendinopathy/tears and chronic trochanteric bursitis. Specifically, moderate-to-severe abductor tendon tears can cause severe lateral hip pain, limp, and abnormal gait. A variety of open and endoscopic techniques to treat glut abductors hip tears have been described. Read More

N Z Med J 2019 12 13;132(1507):22-32. Epub 2019 Dec 13.

Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch; Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch.

Aims: To assess whether a single platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection would reduce pain intensity in chronic greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS).

Methods: Subjects with chronic lateral hip pain were randomised to either a PRP injection (intervention group) or a saline injection (control group) and both groups were prescribed identical eccentric exercise. Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), health professional consultation rate, medication use, Likert scale of progress, Expectation of Improvement Scale were assessed monthly for six months with a final follow-up one year after the intervention. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2020 May 11;49(5):773-778. Epub 2019 Dec 11.

Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jean Mermoz, Centre Orthopédique Santy, 24 Avenue Paul Santy, 69008, Lyon, France.

Purpose: Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) is a condition resulting in lateral hip pain, most commonly caused by tendinosis or tear of the gluteus medius and minimus tendons, and greater trochanteric bursitis. Our aim was to assess pelvic parameters and proximal femoral anatomy in patients suffering from surgical-stage GTPS compared with a control group.

Methods: This retrospective, case-control study assessed 43 patients suffering from GTPS, matched according to age, gender, body mass index and level of sport and physical activity to 43 control patients, between 2013 and 2018. Read More

Hip Int 2020 Nov 26;30(6):775-778. Epub 2019 Sep 26.

Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between radiographic measurements of the hip and sonographic evidence of gluteal tendinopathy and bursitis in patients with lateral hip pain.

Methods And Materials: Patients with lateral hip pain referred for ultrasound of the hip in our institution over a 5-year period were identified. Findings of gluteal tendinopathy and subgluteal or trochanteric bursitis on ultrasound were recorded. Read More

Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2019 10 25;43:83-90. Epub 2019 Jul 25.

School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. Electronic address:

Background: Understanding of the biopsychosocial characteristics of greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), a prevalent lower limb tendinopathy, is currently lacking.

Objectives: To quantify differences in participant characteristics between individuals with GTPS and healthy control participants.

Design: Systematic review of original studies with meta-analyses where appropriate. Read More