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Infect Chemother 2020 Jun;52(2):252-280

Department of Rheumatology, Chonnam National University Medical School & Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.

To develop a clinical practice guideline for vaccination in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease (AIIRD), the Korean College of Rheumatology and the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases developed a clinical practice guideline according to the clinical practice guideline development manual. Since vaccination is unlikely to cause AIIRD or worsen disease activities, required vaccinations are recommended. Once patients are diagnosed with AIIRD, treatment strategies should be established and, at the same time, monitor their vaccination history. Read More

RNA Biol 2020 Jul 2. Epub 2020 Jul 2.

Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore (UOL) , Lahore, Pakistan.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are ubiquitously expressed, covalently closed rings, produced by pre-mRNA splicing in a reversed order during post-transcriptional processing. Circularity endows 3'-5'-linked circRNAs with stability and resistance to exonucleolytic degradation which raises the question whether circRNAs may be relevant as potential therapeutic targets or agents. High stability in biological systems is the most remarkable property and a major criterion for why circRNAs could be exploited for a range of RNA-centered medical applications. Read More

Am J Clin Dermatol 2020 Jul 1. Epub 2020 Jul 1.

Haematology Department, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse Oncopole, 1 avenue Irène Joliot-Curie, 31059, Toulouse Cedex 9, France.

The development of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other B cell malignancies. The first-generation inhibitor ibrutinib works by covalent irreversible binding to BTK, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase of the TEC (transient erythroblastopenia of childhood) family that plays a critical role in the B-cell receptor signaling pathway. It also induces an 'off-target' inhibition of a range of other kinases including (but not limited to) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), SRC, and other kinases of the TEC family (interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase [ITK], Tec, BMX). Read More

SAGE Open Med 2020 20;8:2050312120935461. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

Walreens, Purcellville, USA.

Background: While pharmacists have provided vaccinations to patients in the community pharmacy setting, pharmacist involvement within the medical office setting is not well documented in the literature. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists reports that ambulatory care pharmacists are screening for and administering vaccinations at a declining rate, despite standards of practice. Vaccination rates for adults 19-64 years of age remain low, based on Healthy People 2020 goals, putting them at risk for vaccine-preventable diseases. Read More

Cancer Cell Int 2020 29;20:278. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia.

Background: Oncolytic viruses have emerged as an alternative therapeutic modality for cancer as they can replicate specifically in tumour cells and induce toxic effects leading to apoptosis. Despite the great potentials and promising results shown in multiple studies, it appears that their efficacy is still moderate and deemed as not sufficient in clinical studies. In addressing this issue, genetic/molecular engineering approach has paved its way to improve the therapeutic efficacy as observed in the case of herpes simplex virus (HSV) expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Read More

Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020 Jun 29;13(7). Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.

Influenza A and B viruses are a global threat to human health and increasing resistance to the existing antiviral drugs necessitates new concepts to expand the therapeutic options. Glycopeptide derivatives have emerged as a promising new class of antiviral agents. To avoid potential antibiotic resistance, these antiviral glycopeptides are preferably devoid of antibiotic activity. Read More

J Pain Res 2020 10;13:1359-1367. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Mid America PolyClinic, Overland Park, KS, USA.

Purpose: This study compares the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, adhesion, and safety of lidocaine topical system 1.8%, a novel lidocaine topical system approved to treat postherpetic neuralgia, under conditions of heat and exercise vs normal conditions.

Materials And Methods: This open-label, 3-period, 3-treatment crossover study randomized 12 healthy adults to receive three lidocaine topical systems 1. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2020 Jun 29. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) causes recurrent lesions in the ano-genital area that may be transmitted through sexual encounters. Nucleoside analogs such as acyclovir (ACV) are currently prescribed clinically to curb this infection. But in some cases, reduced efficacy has been observed due to the emergence of resistance against these drugs. Read More

Exp Cell Res 2020 Jun 26:112155. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an organ failure syndrome caused by overactivation of the immune system. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been found to be effective in ARDS therapy due to their excellent immunomodulatory abilities; however, people are concerned about the safety of infusing exogenous cells. We found that rat lung-resident mesenchymal stem cells (LRMSCs) (Sca-1CD45CD31) played important roles in regulating inflammation in the lungs during the pathogenesis of ARDS. Read More

BMC Genomics 2020 Jun 26;21(1):436. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 550 Bardeen Laboratories, 1300 University Ave, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.

Background: Herpes simplex viruses form a genus within the alphaherpesvirus subfamily, with three identified viral species isolated from Old World monkeys (OWM); Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 (McHV-1; herpes B), Cercopithecine alphaherpesvirus 2 (SA8), and Papiine alphaherpesvirus 2 (PaHV-2; herpes papio). Herpes B is endemic to macaques, while PaHV-2 and SA8 appear endemic to baboons. All three viruses are genetically and antigenically similar, with SA8 and PaHV-2 thought to be avirulent in humans, while herpes B is a biosafety level 4 pathogen. Read More

Arch Dis Child 2020 Jun 25. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.

Background: The epidemiology of congenital infections is ever changing, with a recent resurgence in syphilis infection rates seen in the UK. Identification of congenital infection is often delayed; early recognition and management of congenital infections is important. Testing modalities and investigations are often limited, leading to missed diagnostic opportunities. Read More

Int J Biol Macromol 2020 Jun 19;162:882-893. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Department of Pharmacy and CIRPEB University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, Naples 80134, Italy. Electronic address:

Conformational changes of viral glycoproteins govern the fusion of viral and cellular membranes in the entry of enveloped viruses. Peptides mimicking domains of viral glycoproteins are apt to interfere with the fusion event, likely hampering the conformational rearrangements from the pre- to the post-fusion structures. We previously developed a peptide sequence with a high potential to inhibit the entry of herpes simplex type 1, which was able to trap glycoprotein B at an intermediate stage, arresting fusion. Read More

ACS Omega 2020 Jun 26;5(22):12964-12973. Epub 2020 May 26.

Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer 305817, Rajasthan, India.

Recurrent infections of neurotropic herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) have been implicated in etiology and pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although protein and peptide aggregation events are at the center of the AD pathophysiology, except a single study where a peptide derived from glycoprotein B of HSV-1 was reported to form β-amyloid-like aggregates, similar investigations with the entire proteome of HSV-1 have not been attempted. In the current study, 70 HSV-1 proteins were screened using bioinformatics tools to identify aggregation-prone candidates. Read More

Front Microbiol 2020 29;11:1179. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) are two closely related human alphaherpesviruses that persistently infect most adults worldwide and cause a variety of clinically important diseases. Herpesviruses are extremely well adapted to their hosts and interact broadly with cellular proteins to regulate virus replication and spread. However, it is incompletely understood how HSV-1 and VZV interact with the host proteome during productive infection. Read More

Cell Death Discov 2020 11;6:48. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Oncolytic viruses constitute an emerging strategy in immunomodulatory cancer treatment. The first oncolytic virus, Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), based on herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) in 2015. The field of oncolytic virotherapy is still in its beginnings, since many promising viruses remain only superficially explored. Read More

Commun Dis Intell (2018) 2020 06 15;44. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Director, National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales; Professor, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales; Staff Specialist, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales.

Introduction: The Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) network is a hospital-based active surveillance system employing prospective case ascertainment for selected serious childhood conditions, particularly vaccine-preventable diseases and potential adverse events following immunisation (AEFI). This report presents surveillance data for 2017 and 2018.

Methods: Specialist nurses screened hospital admissions, emergency department (ED) records, laboratory and other data on a daily basis in seven paediatric tertiary referral hospitals across Australia to identify children with the conditions under surveillance. Read More

Pathol Res Pract 2020 Jul 20;216(7):153024. Epub 2020 May 20.

Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza', Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy.

Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) has been associated with a wide spectrum of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, including Primary Effusion Lymphoma, Multicentric Castleman Disease, HHV8-positive Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma, not otherwise specified and germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder. The association of different HHV8-related lymphoproliferative disorders is described in immunodeficient patients. We report a case of Primary Effusion Lymphoma metachronous to Multicentric Castleman Disease in an immunocompetent patient. Read More

Nephrology (Carlton) 2020 Jun 10. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital and Tung Wah Hospital, The University of Hong Kong.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), influenza, pneumococcus, and herpes zoster are important infections which could result in significant morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). While seroconversion rates after vaccination are often lower in CKD patients compared with healthy adults due to impaired innate and adaptive immunity, vaccinations for HBV, influenza, pneumococcus and herpes zoster are generally effective in reducing the transmission and/or severity of these infections. Practical issues that have an impact on the efficacy of vaccination in the CKD population include the timing, dose, schedule of vaccination, the route of administration, and adjuncts applied at time of vaccination. Read More

Case Rep Infect Dis 2020 11;2020:8571958. Epub 2020 Jan 11.

Department of Internal Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

Herpes zoster is a localized, painful, and vesicular rash involving one or adjacent dermatomes caused by varicella-zoster virus reactivation. Herpes zoster presenting as aseptic meningitis is prevalent among elderly population and people with immunocompromised status. However, it is a rare phenomenon in the young immunocompetent adult; hence, we are reporting a case of a herpes zoster infection presenting as aseptic meningitis and dermatological manifestation in a 19-year-old immunocompetent male. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020 Jun 9. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan.

Background And Aim: The chronicity of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the result of impaired HBV-specific immune responses that cannot eliminate or cure the infected hepatocytes efficiently. Previous studies have used immunodeficient mice such as herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine-kinase NOD/Scid/IL2Rr (HSV-TK-NOG) mice. However, it is difficult to analyze the immune response in the previous models. Read More

Med Microbiol Immunol 2020 Jun 4. Epub 2020 Jun 4.

Centro de Biología Molecular, "Severo Ochoa" (C.S.I.C.-U.A.M.), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049, Madrid, Spain.

Different members of the tetraspanin superfamily have been described to regulate different virus infectious cycles at several stages: viral entry, viral replication or virion exit or infectivity. In addition, tetraspanin CD81 regulates HIV reverse transcription through its association with the dNTP hydrolase SAMHD1. Here we aimed at analysing the role of CD81 in Herpes simplex virus 1 infectivity using a neuroblastoma cell model. Read More

Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2020 May 27. Epub 2020 May 27.

Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Viral infections after burns are less common than bacterial infections but usually occur in the more severely burned patients and have been associated with poor outcomes. Retrospective reviews and case series were examined to provide an overview of the management of viral infections in the burn patient. The most common viral pathogens in these patients are the herpesviruses, which include herpes simplex, varicella zoster, cytomegalovirus, and human herpesvirus 6. Read More

J Periodontol 2020 May 25. Epub 2020 May 25.

Department of Periodontics, Priyadarshini Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India.

Background: Viruses are considered to be a newer family associated with inflammatory diseases. Yet the role of periodontal viruses in coronary artery diseases (CAD) remains unclear. Thus, the current study aims to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal viruses and compare the same in cardiac samples of CAD patients with and without periodontitis. Read More

Eye Contact Lens 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

Division of Clinical Neuroscience (D.S.J.T.), Academic Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Department of Ophthalmology (D.S.J.T.), Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Departments of Ophthalmology (D.S.J.T., M.M., S.N.S., T.P.), and Microbiology (J.M.), James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom; and National Specialist Ophthalmic Pathology Service (H.S.M.), Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom.

Objectives: To report the first case of Arthrographis kalrae keratitis complicated by endophthalmitis in the UK and to review the current literature.

Methods: A case report with literature review.

Results: A 65-year-old male patient, with a background of treated B-cell lymphoma and herpes simplex virus-related neurotrophic keratopathy, presented with a large infiltrative corneal ulcer in the right eye. Read More

Planta Med 2020 Jul 20;86(10):659-664. Epub 2020 May 20.

University Medicine Rostock, Chair of Complementary Medicine, Rostock, Germany.

As viral infections are an increasing threat to human societies, the need for new therapeutic strategies is becoming even more obvious. As no vaccine is available for COVID-19, the development of directly acting antiviral agents and preventive strategies have to be considered. Nature provides a huge reservoir of anti-infectious compounds, from which we can deduce innovative ideas, therapies, and products. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2020 May 18:1066896920921238. Epub 2020 May 18.

Hospital Clinico Universitario of Valencia, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

Germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder (GLPD) is a poorly characterized lymphoproliferative entity, recently included in the World Health Organization classification of hematolymphoid neoplasms. The histological pattern of this disease comprises monotypic plasmablasts that involve the germinal centers of the lymphoid follicles (germinotrophism), forming confluent aggregates positive for both human herpes virus type 8 (HHV8) and Epstein-Barr virus. Currently, after 17 years of its first description, only 18 cases have been reported. Read More

mBio 2020 May 12;11(3). Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Ocular herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection leads to an immunopathogenic disease called herpes stromal keratitis (HSK), in which CD4 T cell-driven inflammation contributes to irreversible damage to the cornea. Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM) is an immune modulator that activates stimulatory and inhibitory cosignals by interacting with its binding partners, LIGHT (TNFSF14), BTLA (B and T lymphocyte attenuator), and CD160. We have previously shown that HVEM exacerbates HSK pathogenesis, but the involvement of its binding partners and its connection to the pathogenic T cell response have not been elucidated. Read More

Elife 2020 May 11;9. Epub 2020 May 11.

Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Herpesviruses acquire their membrane envelopes in the cytoplasm of infected cells via a molecular mechanism that remains unclear. Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 proteins pUL7 and pUL51 form a complex required for efficient virus envelopment. We show that interaction between homologues of pUL7 and pUL51 is conserved across human herpesviruses, as is their association with -Golgi membranes. Read More

Pain Res Manag 2020 14;2020:8730918. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, 1882 ZhongHuan South Road, 314001 Jiaxing, China.

This study aims to explore the value of serum galectin-3 in patients with herpes zoster neuralgia (HZN) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and other factors influencing HZN and PHN occurrence. Samples from forty patients with herpes zoster neuralgia (HZN) (Group H), 40 patients with nonherpes zoster neuralgia (Group N), and 20 cases of health check-up were collected. Patients were divided into PHN group (Group A) and non-PHN group (Group B) according to the occurrence of PHN in Group H. Read More

Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020 Apr;41(4):562-566

Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China.

To understand the pathogens and molecular-epidemiologic characteristics of viral meningo-encephalitis in Zhejiang province during 2002 to 2018. All the samples were collected from suspected patients admitted to the hospitals under the monitoring program. Of the total samples, 2 173 were cerebrospinal fluids while the other 455 were stool specimens. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2020 Jul 14;344:577241. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Department of Promoting Health, Maternal-Infant. Excellence and Internal and Specialized Medicine (ProMISE) G. D'Alessandro, University of Palermo, Italy.

Background: The cerebral innate immune system has a critical role in control processes of viral replication in the brain after primary infactivo and immunologic disregulation and inflammation has been reported as a primary determinant of pathogenesis and prognosis of subsequent HSV-1 related encephalitis (HSE). Interaction linking LTR3-activated DCs is also represented by the killer Ig-like receptor (KIR) + pathways on NK cells. Only a few studies analyzed the role of of MMP-9 activity regulating genetic polymorphism on clinical outcome of viral infections. Read More

Mar Drugs 2020 Apr 22;18(4). Epub 2020 Apr 22.

G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia.

The enzymatic depolymerization of fucoidans from brown algae allowed the production of their standardized derivatives with different biological activities. This work aimed to compare the antiviral activities of native (FeF) and modified with enzyme (FeHMP) fucoidans from . The cytotoxicity and antiviral activities of the FeF and FeHMP against herpes viruses (HSV-1, HSV-2), enterovirus (ECHO-1), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in Vero and human MT-4 cell lines were examined by methylthiazolyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assays, respectively. Read More

Viruses 2020 Apr 10;12(4). Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Laboratory of Virus Molecular Biology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdańsk, Poland.

Herpesvirus envelope glycoprotein B (gB) is one of the best-documented extracellular vesicle (EVs)-incorporated viral proteins. Regarding the sequence and structure conservation between gB homologs, we asked whether bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) and pseudorabies virus (PRV)-encoded gB share the property of herpes simplex-1 (HSV-1) gB to be trafficked to EVs and affect major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II. Our data highlight some conserved and differential features of the three gBs. Read More

Case Rep Infect Dis 2020 23;2020:6516037. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Skagit Valley Hospital, 360 Hospital Parkway, My Vernon, WA 98273, USA.

Ibrutinib is a major new addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, and chronic graft versus host disease. Though ibrutinib has proven to be a revolutionary new small molecule agent, and has relatively minimal toxicity as compared to traditional chemotherapy, infections have emerged as a major complication of therapy. While fungal infections have been the most problematic (including CNS aspergillosis), zoster, hepatitis B reactivation, and chronic hepatitis E have been reported in association with ibrutinib therapy. Read More

Hepatol Commun 2020 Apr 12;4(4):588-605. Epub 2020 Jan 12.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN.

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a severe inflammatory liver disease that develops in some heavy drinkers. The immune system in patients with AH is hyperactive and yet dysfunctional. Here, we investigated whether this immune-dysregulated state is related to the alcoholic impact on immune checkpoints (ICPs). Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 Mar 30;21(7). Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.

Recurrent infection with human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HHV-1) may be associated with immune exhaustion that impairs virus elimination. Thymic peptides enhance immune function and thus could overcome immune exhaustion. In this study, we investigated whether reactivation of herpes infections was associated with immune exhaustion. Read More

BMC Vet Res 2020 Mar 30;16(1):103. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Aldo Moro of Bari, 70010, Valenzano, Italy.

Background: Bovine alphaherpesvirus type 2 (BoHV-2) belongs to family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesviridae and can cause two distinct, well-defined conditions: a generalized benign skin infection that somewhat mimics lumpy skin disease (LSD), referred to as Pseudo-Lumpy Skin Disease (PSLD) and a localized ulcerative mammillitis, referred to as Bovine Herpetic Mammillitis (BHM). BHM is a localized form of BoHV-2 infection that causes erosive-ulcerative self-limiting lesions on breast and nipples. BHM is chiefly a disease of lactating dairy cows and has been described sporadically in several countries. Read More

Viruses 2020 Mar 23;12(3). Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Research Center for Infectious Disease in Livestock and Poultry, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China.

Marek's disease virus (MDV), an alpha herpes virus, causes a lymphoproliferative state in chickens known as Marek's disease (MD), resulting in severe monetary losses to the poultry industry. Because lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricius and spleen are prime targets of MDV replication during the early cytolytic phase of infection, the immune response in bursa and spleen should be the foundation of late immunity induced by MDV. However, the mechanism of the MDV-mediated host immune response in lymphocytes in the early stage is poorly understood. Read More

Virol J 2020 03 19;17(1):41. Epub 2020 Mar 19.

CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, Guangdong, China.

Background: Herpes simplex virus 1, an enveloped DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family, spreads to neurons and causes pathological changes in the central nervous system. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potency and mechanism of antiviral activity of Aspergillipeptide D, a cyclic pentapeptide isolated from a culture broth of marine gorgonian-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO 41501, At present, there are many studies on the anti-tumor, anti-clotting, anti-oxidant and immunoinflammatory effects of Aspergillipeptide D, but little research has been done on the anti-HSV-1 activity of Aspergillipeptide D. Read More

Cytopathology 2020 Mar 14. Epub 2020 Mar 14.

Pathology, ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, University Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy.

Introduction: Human herpes virus 8-related lymphoproliferative disorders are a complex and heterogeneous group of entities and some of them are eminently diagnosed by cytopathology. In a routine laboratory, these lesions account for less than 1% of the effusion fluids samples. However, they represent up to 30% of all the lymphoma diagnosis from effusion cytological samples and their consideration in the diagnostic flow chart is mandatory, especially in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. Read More

Molecules 2020 Mar 11;25(6). Epub 2020 Mar 11.

Center for AIDS Research, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

Nucleoside analogs are widely used for the treatment of viral diseases (Hepatitis B/C, herpes and human immunodeficiency virus, HIV) and various malignancies. ALS-8176, a prodrug of the 4'-chloromethyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro nucleoside ALS-8112, was evaluated in hospitalized infants for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), but was abandoned for unclear reasons. Based on the structure of ALS-8112, a series of novel 4'-modified-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro nucleosides were synthesized. Read More

Arthritis Res Ther 2020 03 12;22(1):47. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Astellas Pharma, Inc., Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Peficitinib (ASP015K), a novel oral Janus kinase inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy and safety for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in randomized, controlled trials of up to 52 weeks' duration. However, safety and effectiveness after long-term treatment have not been assessed.

Methods: This was an interim analysis of an ongoing open-label, multicenter extension study in RA patients who completed phase 2b (RAJ1; 12 weeks) and phase 3 (RAJ3 and RAJ4; 52 weeks) peficitinib studies in Asia (mainly Japan). Read More

Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol 2020 Jun 12;66(2):172-176. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Department of Sciences and Research, Velleja Research, Milan, Italy.

The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) is currently, March 2020, affecting more than 100,000 people worldwide and, according to the WHO (World Health Organization), a pandemic is shortly expected. The virus infects the lower respiratory tract and causes severe pneumonia and mortality in approximately 10% and 3-5%, respectively, of cases, mainly among the elderly and/or people affected by other diseases. AHCC is an α-glucan-based standardized mushroom extract that has been extensively investigated as an immunostimulant both in animals and/or in humans affected by West Nile virus, influenza virus, avian influenza virus, hepatitis C virus, papillomavirus, herpes virus, hepatitis B virus and HIV by promoting a regulated and protective immune response. Read More

Noncoding RNA Res 2020 Mar 21;5(1):32-36. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Roy J. Carver Department of Biophysics, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpes virus, which is implicated in cancer and various autoimmune diseases. This study profiles non-micro small non-coding RNA expression changes induced by latent EBV infection. Using small RNA-Seq, 346 non-micro small RNAs were identified as being significantly differentially expressed between EBV(+) BJAB-B1 and EBV(-) BJAB cell lines. Read More

Virchows Arch 2020 Mar 9. Epub 2020 Mar 9.

Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Hodgkin lymphoma is a B cell neoplasm characterized by Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells in an inflammatory background. Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) accounts for approximately 90% of all cases of HL and four types are recognized in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification: lymphocyte-rich, nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, and lymphocyte depleted. Castleman disease (CD) is a designation used for a heterogeneous group of diseases that involve lymph nodes. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2020 Mar 6;20(1):204. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Department of Rheumatology & Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Box 480, S-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: Bolivia has the highest prevalence of cervical cancer in South America and the prevalence of viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people in urban cities is increasing. Little is known about the prevalence of viral STIs in rural communities, which generally have limited access to health care. In order to study the prevalence of viral STIs in rural Bolivia, we recruited women from villages and towns in the Department of La Paz in Bolivia. Read More

Acta Pharm Sin B 2020 Mar 22;10(3):383-398. Epub 2019 Jun 22.

Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), a neurotropic herpes virus, is able to establish a lifelong latent infection in the human host. Following primary replication in mucosal epithelial cells, the virus can enter sensory neurons innervating peripheral tissues nerve termini. The viral genome is then transported to the nucleus where it can be maintained without producing infectious progeny, and thus latency is established in the cell. Read More