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Exp Clin Transplant 2022 05;20(Suppl 3):62-65

From the Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hacettepe University Hospitals, Ankara, Turkey.

Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary liver cancer of childhood, accounting for two-thirds of primary malignant hepatic neoplasms. Radical surgical removal combined with efficient chemotherapy is essential for cure. Despite a complete tumor resection, hepatoblastoma may recur as isolated local disease. Read More

Biol Open 2022 Apr 22. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Divisions of Pediatric Surgery and Surgical Research, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Pediatric Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Texas Children's Surgical Oncology Program, Texas Children's Liver Tumor Program, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common pediatric primary liver malignancy, and survival for high-risk disease approaches 50%. Mouse models of HB fail to recapitulate hallmarks of high-risk disease. The aim of this work was to generate murine models that show high-risk features including multifocal tumors, vascular invasion, metastasis, and circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Read More

Fetal Diagn Ther 2022 Apr 6. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

A 32 year old, gravida 2 para 1 at 33 week's gestation, was referred for a third opinion regarding a large fetal liver mass. The couple sought approval for a termination of pregnancy, following a differential diagnosis of hepatoblastoma. A specialised ultrasound (US) and fetal magnetic resonance imaging (f-MRI) were repeated in our unit and the results were consistent with a diagnosis of haemangioma. Read More

Environ Sci Technol 2022 May 30;56(9):5706-5713. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely used in biomedical and consumer products. It remains challenging to distinguish the toxicity of AgNPs derived from the particle form or the released silver ions (Ag). In this study, the toxic effects of two citrate-coated AgNPs (20 and 100 nm) and Ag were investigated in hepatoblastoma cells (HepG2 cells). Read More

Children (Basel) 2022 Mar 8;9(3). Epub 2022 Mar 8.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan.

It is essential to accurately and safely resect all tumors during surgery for multiple lung metastases. Here, we report a case of hepatoblastoma (HB) with multiple pulmonary nodules that ultimately underwent complete resection using combined three-dimensional image reconstruction and indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence guidance. A 1-year-old boy was diagnosed with HB and multiple lung metastases. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2022 Jun 14;57(6):1018-1025. Epub 2022 Feb 14.

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, United States of America. Electronic address:

Background/purpose: Metastatic hepatoblastoma continues to pose a significant treatment challenge, primarily because the precise mechanisms involved in metastasis are not fully understood, making cell lines and preclinical models that depict the progression of disease and metastasis-related biology paramount. We aimed to generate and characterize a metastatic hepatoblastoma cell line to create a model for investigation of the molecular mechanisms associated with metastasis.

Materials/methods: Using a murine model of serial tail vein injections of the human hepatoblastoma HuH6 cell line, non-invasive bioluminescence imaging, and dissociation of metastatic pulmonary lesions, we successfully established and characterized the metastatic human hepatoblastoma cell line, HLM_3. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2022 Apr 3;17(4):1143-1147. Epub 2022 Feb 3.

Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.

An 11-year-old boy with a history of hepatoblastoma treated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and liver transplantation presented with bleeding from Roux-en-Y limb varices. The transhepatic approach for portal intervention posed a risk of liver graft injury. An omental vein that was dilated as a collateral vein due to portal hypertension was found and compressible under ultrasound. Read More

Front Pediatr 2021 4;9:753232. Epub 2022 Jan 4.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pediatric Oncology Institute, Grupo de Apoio ao Adolescente e à Criança com Câncer (GRAACC), São Paulo, Brazil.

Pediatric tumors can present with vascular extension to the inferior vena cava and right atrium, which impacts the surgical strategy and can be challenging during surgical treatment. Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common retroperitoneal tumor that can present with vascular extension, but also adrenal tumors, clear cell tumors from the kidney, and hepatoblastomas can present with this situation. Surgical aims include obtaining complete tumor resection without risk for patients, to avoid severe bleeding, cardiac arrest, and embolization, and to avoid cardiac bypass if possible. Read More

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2022 Mar 16;45(3):344-348. Epub 2022 Jan 16.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Organ Transplantation Center, Koc University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

The aim of this short communication was to report the results of transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with Yttrium-90 (Y90) loaded resin microspheres in three toddlers with unresectable and systemic chemotherapy-resistant HB hepatoblastoma (HB). Six TARE procedures were performed on the patients. The dose required for treatment was calculated using partition model. Read More

Eur Radiol 2022 Apr 15;32(4):2158-2167. Epub 2022 Jan 15.

Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Objectives: To evaluate the potential of molecular amide proton transfer (APT) MRI for predicting the risk group of abdominal tumors in children, and compare it with quantitative T1 and T2 mapping.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 133 untreated pediatric patients with suspected abdominal tumors from February 2019 to September 2020. APT-weighted (APTw) imaging and quantitative relaxation time mapping sequences were executed for each subject. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2022 Jan 8. Epub 2022 Jan 8.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Objective: To evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MR) in hepatoblastoma as compared to multiphase contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scans for detection of satellite lesions.

Methods: In this prospective study on new cases of hepatoblastoma, multiphase CECT scans and DW-MR were performed before initiation of chemotherapy. Results of interpretation were compared for detection of satellite lesions. Read More

J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2021 7;8:1537-1563. Epub 2021 Dec 7.

Department of Medical Imaging, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.

The primary epithelial tumors of the liver (PETL) are composed of a series of heterogeneous tumors. Although the classification of PETLs has been updated several times by the World Health Organization, the cellular origins of some tumors in this family remain to be precisely depicted. In addition, certain tumors in different categories have similar histology, molecular phenotypes and biological characteristics, suggesting that they may have the same cellular origin. Read More

Commun Biol 2021 12 13;4(1):1390. Epub 2021 Dec 13.

Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, Biotherapy of Genetic Diseases, Inflammatory Disorders and Cancer, BMGIC, U1035, MIRCADE team, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux, France.

Despite recent progress in the characterization of tumour components, the tri-dimensional (3D) organization of this pathological tissue and the parameters determining its internal architecture remain elusive. Here, we analysed the spatial organization of patient-derived xenograft tissues generated from hepatoblastoma, the most frequent childhood liver tumour, by serial block-face scanning electron microscopy using an integrated workflow combining 3D imaging, manual and machine learning-based semi-automatic segmentations, mathematics and infographics. By digitally reconstituting an entire hepatoblastoma sample with a blood capillary, a bile canaliculus-like structure, hundreds of tumour cells and their main organelles (e. Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022 07 10;69(7):e29488. Epub 2021 Dec 10.

Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Mutsukawa, Minami-Ward, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.

Background: The prognosis of metastatic hepatoblastoma remains poor; to improve it, pulmonary metastasis must be controlled. Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescent imaging has been used recently for lung metastasectomy. The objective of our study was to clarify the usefulness of ICG imaging for lung metastasectomy of hepatoblastoma using detailed clinicopathological analysis. Read More

World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021 Nov;13(11):1680-1695

Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.

Liver tumors are rare in children, but the incidence may increase in some circumstances and particularly in chronic liver diseases. Most liver tumors consequent to chronic liver diseases are malignant hepatocellular carcinoma. Other liver tumors include hepatoblastoma, focal nodular hyperplasia, adenoma, pseudotumor, and nodular regenerative hyperplasia. Read More

Endocr J 2022 Mar 14;69(3):313-318. Epub 2021 Oct 14.

Department of Gastroenterology, Nutrition, and Endocrinology, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka 594-1101, Japan.

The pathogenesis of gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty (PP) includes both congenital and acquired forms, the latter of which may be associated with neoplasms, such as sex-steroid hormone-producing tumors. Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG)-producing tumors also cause gonadotropin-independent PP by stimulating the production of testosterone in Leydig cells. Germ cell tumors and hepatoblastoma both produce β-hCG; however, there is limited evidence to show that gonadotropin-independent PP is caused by other β-hCG-producing tumors. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2022 02 11;123(2):231-247. Epub 2021 Oct 11.

Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China.

In recent years, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to be important tumor-associated regulatory factors. LncRNA growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (Gas5) acts as an anti-oncogene in most cancers. Whether Gas5 acts as an oncogene or anti-oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Read More

Visc Med 2021 Aug 29;37(4):302-314. Epub 2021 Jul 29.

Transplant Center Graz, Medical University Graz (MUG), Graz, Austria.

Introduction: Liver transplantation (LT) is today's standard treatment for both end-stage liver disease and tumors; however, suitable grafts for LT are a scarce resource and outcome after LT is highly dependent on its underlying indication. Thus, patients must be carefully selected to optimize the number of life years gained per graft. This comprehensive and systematic review critically reflects the most recently published oncological outcome data after LT in malignancies based on the preoperative radiological findings. Read More

Turk J Gastroenterol 2021 Jul;32(7):586-592

Department of General Surgery, İnönü University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.

Background: To present abdominal multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) results following transplantation in pediatric patients with a liver transplantation (LT), and to create awareness of early (<3 months) and late (>3 months) complications that may occur.

Methods: This retrospective study included 119 children with an LT performed in our hospital from 2014 to 2017. The descriptive statistics relating to patients' age, gender, transplantation indications, transplantation technique, and MSCT findings were calculated, and are presented as numbers and percentages. Read More

Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2021 Aug;25(3):414-418

Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Graft size matching is essential for successful liver transplantation in infant recipients. We present our technique of graft dextroplantation used in an infant who underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using a reduced left lateral section (LLS) graft. The patient was an 11-month-old female infant weighing 7. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2021 Oct 15;49(10):E400-E404. Epub 2021 Jul 15.

Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an effective tool for early and quick diagnosis of malignant and metastatic liver masses. However, diagnosing a benign liver tumor on cytology is a challenging task as they are rarely assessed on cytology and also due to the limitations of the procedure. Mesenchymal hamartoma is an uncommon benign pediatric liver tumor and difficult to diagnose on cytology. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2021 Sep 25;49(9):E364-E369. Epub 2021 Jun 25.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.

As one of the SMARCB1-deficient tumors, malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) of the liver is a rare and aggressive malignancy, typically in young children below the age of 3 years. The diagnosis of MRT of the liver is challenging both clinically and pathologically due to the rarity of the tumor and misdiagnosing it as a hepatoblastoma is not uncommon. Although MRT of the liver and hepatoblastoma share some similar clinical and morphological features, their prognosis and the clinical management are significantly different. Read More

Cancer Med 2021 07 12;10(13):4322-4343. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.

Background: Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary pediatric liver malignancy. Indocyanine green (ICG) has been described as an adjunct to resection in small series. Its utility remains undefined in larger cohorts. Read More

Pediatr Surg Int 2021 Sep 6;37(9):1265-1272. Epub 2021 Jun 6.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, 840 Murodo, Izumi, 594-1101, Japan.

Purpose: It is important to confirm the existence of pulmonary metastases in pediatric patients with malignancies. Therefore, we aimed to investigate if computed tomography CT-guided marking is a feasible and safe method for the identification and resection of tiny pulmonary lesions in pediatric cancer patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of pediatric cancer patients who underwent CT-guided marking procedures in our institutions between Jan 2011 and Apr 2020. Read More

Radiologe 2021 Jul 1;61(7):629-638. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Klinische Abteilung für Kinderradiologie, Universitätsklinik für Radiologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036, Graz, Österreich.

Background: Pediatric liver tumors are relatively rare, but thorough knowledge of their imaging features is still important.

Objectives: Frequency and imaging features of benign and malignant liver masses during childhood and adolescence.

Materials And Methods: Discussion of relevant original articles, review manuscripts and expert recommendations concerning imaging of childhood liver tumors. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2022 Apr 25;57(4):700-710. Epub 2021 Apr 25.

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Surgical Oncology Program, Texas Children's Liver Tumor Program, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: Hepatoblastoma (HB) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are the most common primary malignant tumors of childhood. Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) administration with near-infrared imaging (NIR) has emerged as a surgical technology that can be used to assist with localization of pulmonary metastases secondary to HB; however, there has been limited application as an adjunct for resection of the primary liver tumor and assessment of extrahepatic disease.

Methods: We present 14 patients treated for HB, HCC, and malignant rhabdoid tumor at our institution with the use of intraoperative NIR-ICG guidance. Read More

Eur Radiol 2021 Dec 25;31(12):8850-8857. Epub 2021 May 25.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Objectives: To evaluate the outcome of staging chest CT and to identify clinicoradiological factors predictive of lung metastasis in patients with hepatoblastoma based on the 2017 PRE-Treatment EXTent of tumor (PRETEXT) system.

Methods: This bi-center study retrospectively identified patients diagnosed with hepatoblastoma between January 1998 and September 2019 in two tertiary hospitals. The primary outcome was the proportion of the patients who had lung metastasis at staging chest CT. Read More

Gastrointest Tumors 2021 Apr 11;8(2):96-100. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Department of Pathology, Medical School of Shiraz University, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Background: Hepatocellular malignant neoplasm, not otherwise specified (HEM, NOS), is a rare liver tumor that is most commonly seen in adolescents. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no published review on this rare tumor in the English literature so far.

Summary: In this review, we will discuss all reported details, including demographic findings, clinical presentations, molecular histogenesis, imaging, gross pathology and histopathology, immunohistochemical findings, treatment modalities, and outcome, of the published cases of HEM, NOS, in the liver. Read More

Case Rep Pathol 2021 19;2021:6674372. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

We report a case of a newborn with two synchronous tumors-sialoblastoma and hepatoblastoma-diagnosed at 20 weeks of gestation by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US). The aim of this study was to describe the management of this case together with a review of the literature. Our patient had a large facial tumor associated with extremely high alpha-fetoprotein levels. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 16;11:644994. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

To explore a CT-based radiomics model for preoperative prediction of event-free survival (EFS) in patients with hepatoblastoma and to compare its performance with that of a clinicopathologic model. Eighty-eight patients with histologically confirmed hepatoblastoma (mean age: 2.28 ± 2. Read More