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Med J Armed Forces India 2020 Apr 16;76(2):240-241. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

Resident (Radiodiagnosis), Narayan Medical College and Hospital, Sasaram, Bihar, India.

J Gen Virol 2020 May 29. Epub 2020 May 29.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV/Hepatitis/STD/TB Prevention, Division of Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

In this recommendation, we update our 2016 table of reference sequences of subtypes of hepatitis E virus (HEV; species , family ) for which complete genome sequences are available (Smith ., 2016). This takes into account subsequent publications describing novel viruses and additional proposals for subtype names; there are now eight genotypes and 36 subtypes. Read More

BMC Vet Res 2020 May 27;16(1):164. Epub 2020 May 27.

Clinic for Ruminants and Pigs, Clinic for Reproduction and Farm Animals, Veterinary Faculty University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Background: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2) and Hepatitis E virus (HEV) are common and economically important viral disease causative agents detected in pig oral fluid (OF), faeces and serum at some infection stages. The purpose of this study was to detect PRRSV, PCV2 and HEV on six pig farms to determine which of the three sample types, OF, faeces or serum is appropriate for the diagnosis of these viruses in different pig categories. The following pig categories were included: 5 weeks-old (w/o), 7 w/o, 9 w/o, 11 w/o weaners, fatteners and breeding sows. Read More

Vet Microbiol 2020 Jun 25;245:108688. Epub 2020 Apr 25.

Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Veterinary Pharmacology and Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China. Electronic address:

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a public health concern because of its zoonotic potential; however, the host species spectrum and the genetic diversity of HEV in many birds are unknown. In the present study, a novel genotype avian HEV was isolated from a bird, silkie fowl, and designated CHN-GS-aHEV (GenBank No. MN562265). Read More

Cells 2020 May 22;9(5). Epub 2020 May 22.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is one of the most common causes of acute hepatitis in the world. HEV is an enterically transmitted positive-strand RNA virus found as a non-enveloped particle in bile as well as stool and as a quasi-enveloped particle in blood. Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms and host factors involved in productive HEV infection is incomplete, but recently developed model systems have facilitated rapid progress in this area. Read More

Vaccines (Basel) 2020 May 21;8(2). Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.

HEV is the most causative agent of acute viral hepatitis globally. HEV causes acute, chronic, and extrahepatic manifestations. Chronic HEV infection develops in immunocompromised patients such as organ transplant patients, HIV-infected patients, and leukemic patients. Read More

Zoonoses Public Health 2020 May 25. Epub 2020 May 25.

National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Commensal rats (Rattus spp.), which are globally distributed, harbour many pathogens responsible for significant human diseases. Despite this, we have a poor understanding of the epidemiology and genetic diversity of some recently neglected zoonotic pathogens, such as Leptospira spp. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2020 May 24;20(1):368. Epub 2020 May 24.

Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Enfermera Gordillo Gómez, s/n (without number), X5016, Córdoba, Argentina.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an important cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. In pregnant women, HEV can cause more severe symptoms, with high rates of fatal hepatic failure in endemic countries. However, HEV prevalence and circulation among pregnant women from South America is almost unknown. Read More

Pathogens 2020 May 20;9(5). Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo PMB 4400, Nigeria.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a major public health concern in low-income countries, yet incidence and prevalence estimates are often lacking. Serum ( = 653) and faecal ( = 150) samples were collected from apparently healthy individuals using convenience sampling technique in six communities (Ore, Oke-Osun, Osogbo, Ede, Esa-Odo, and Iperindo) from Osun State, Nigeria. Serum samples were analysed for total anti-HEV IgG/IgM and anti-HEV IgM using commercially available HEV ELISA kits. Read More

Viruses 2020 May 18;12(5). Epub 2020 May 18.

Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) imposes a major health concern in areas with very poor sanitation in Africa and Asia. The pathogen is transmitted mainly through ingesting contaminated water or food, coming into contact with affected people, and blood transfusions. Very few reports including old reports are available on the prevalence of HEV in Saudi Arabia in humans and no reports exist on HEV prevalence in camels. Read More

Microorganisms 2020 May 19;8(5). Epub 2020 May 19.

Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Edifício C2-Piso 2, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a non-enveloped single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus, belonging to the Hepeviridae family, resistant to environmental conditions, and transmitted by the consumption of contaminated water. This virus is responsible for both sporadic and epidemic outbreaks, leading to thousands of infections per year in several countries, and is thus considered an emerging disease in Europe and Asia. This study refers to a survey in Portugal during 2019, targeting the detection and eventual quantification of enteric viruses in samples from surface and drinking water. Read More

Indian J Med Microbiol 2019 Oct-Dec;37(4):563-568

Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Purpose: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging pathogen causing acute viral hepatitis worldwide. Clinical manifestations often occur in young adults with an increased mortality rate among pregnant women. HEV genotypes 1 and 4 are mainly reported among humans and swines, respectively. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2020 May 20;16(5):e1008488. Epub 2020 May 20.

Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

There are approximately 20 million events of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection worldwide annually. The genome of HEV is a single-strand, positive-sense RNA containing 5' and 3' untranslated regions and three open reading frames (ORF). HEV genome has 5' cap and 3' poly(A) tail to mimic host mRNA to escape the host innate immune surveillance and utilize host translational machineries for viral protein translation. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2020 May;8(9):1651-1655

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic virus that can cause acute and chronic liver damage. According to the world health organization 257 million people are infected with chronic HBV infection worldwide. Super-infection with other hepadnaviruses, including hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D virus, and hepatitis E virus is associated with increased risk of acute liver failure in patients with chronic HBV. Read More

Intern Med J 2020 May;50(5):643-644

Metro South Public Health Unit, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

PLoS One 2020 18;15(5):e0233256. Epub 2020 May 18.

Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important global public health concern. Several studies reported a higher HEV prevalence in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD). In Lebanon, the epidemiology of HEV among HD patients has never been investigated previously. Read More

Microorganisms 2020 May 13;8(5). Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Preservation and Food Safety Technologies, IATA-CSIC, Av. Agustín Escardino 7. Paterna, 46980 Valencia, Spain.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the causative agents of water-borne human viral hepatitis and considered in Europe an emerging zoonotic pathogen. Analysis of bottled water through a standard method validated for HEV can contribute towards the risk management of this hazard. Putting some recent reports by the European Food Safety Authority in place, this study aimed to assess the performance of the concentration and extraction procedures described in ISO 15216-1:2017 for norovirus and hepatitis A virus on HEV detection. Read More

Foodborne Pathog Dis 2020 May 17. Epub 2020 May 17.

Institute of Food Safety and Food Hygiene, Working Group Meat Hygiene, Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Berlin, Germany.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) as a zoonotic agent can be responsible for an acute hepatitis in humans, which is usually self-limiting. Progression toward a chronic stage is possible, especially in immunocompromised patients. In the past decade, the number of hepatitis E cases in humans in Germany has increased enormously to 3491 cases in 2018. Read More

J Clin Exp Hepatol 2020 May-Jun;10(3):201-210. Epub 2019 Oct 23.

Department of Hematology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.

Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) results in very high mortality in children. We aimed to evaluate the role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) on short-term outcome of children with ACLF in a nontransplant unit.

Methods: Children (aged > 1 year) diagnosed with ACLF over a 15 month period were randomised. Read More

Vet Microbiol 2020 May 11;244:108666. Epub 2020 Apr 11.

Diagnostic Laboratory of Fermo, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Contrada San Martino, 6/A, 63023 Fermo, Italy.

This study describes an Aujeszky's disease case in an adult male red fox found in an urban area in Central Italy, that exhibited a fatal infection with neurological lesions, but neither itching nor skin lesions. Diagnostic examinations included histology, and parasitological, bacteriological and virological analyses. Detection of parasitic enteric pathogens, bacteria, E. Read More

JAMA 2020 05;323(18):1862

Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2020 Jun;49(2):315-330

Department of Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India. Electronic address:

Hepatitis E virus is a common cause of acute hepatitis and acute liver failure in resource-constrained parts of the world. The disease is particularly severe when the infection occurs during pregnancy. In developed countries, human infections occur primarily through zoonotic transmission from animal reservoirs; however, clinical disease is less frequent than in the developing world. Read More

Microorganisms 2020 May 6;8(5). Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of hepatitis, which can be transmitted via the bloodborne route. However, risk of hepatitis E among persons who inject drugs (PWIDs) is poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate whether PWIDs are at risk for hepatitis E. Read More

Vox Sang 2020 May 7. Epub 2020 May 7.

German Red Cross Blood Service NSTOB, Springe, Germany.

Background And Objectives: As previous investigations have shown, THERAFLEX UV-Platelets, a UVC-based pathogen inactivation (PI) system, is effective against non-enveloped transfusion-relevant viruses such as hepatitis A virus (HAV), which are insensitive to most PI treatments for blood products. This study investigated the PI efficacy of THERAFLEX UV-Platelets against HEV in platelet concentrates (PCs).

Materials And Methods: Buffy coat-derived PCs in additive solution were spiked with cell culture-derived HEV and treated with the THERAFLEX UV-Platelets system using various doses of UVC (0·05, 0·10, 0·15 and 0·20 (standard) J/cm ). Read More

Indian J Gastroenterol 2020 May 5. Epub 2020 May 5.

Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 014, India.

Introduction: Transmission of hepatitis E virus (HEV) through transfusion has been reported from countries where genotype 3 virus is predominant. Data from countries with predominantly genotype 1 HEV, such as India, are limited. We studied the risk of HEV transmission following transfusion of blood or blood components in India. Read More

Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2020 Jan-Mar;40(1):77-79

School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Gastroenterology Department, Clinica San Felipe, Lima, Peru.

Hepatitis A and hepatitis E are the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis in developing countries due to our poor sanitary conditions, both spread by fecal-oral route or through contaminated water and food. Being both self-limiting diseases, they are usually benign but may present with atypical clinical findings. A 32 year-old female with right pleural effusion, ascites and acalculous cholecystitis during the course of HAV and HEV co-infection is reported. Read More

Emerg Microbes Infect 2020 Dec;9(1):994-997

Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is primarily manifesting as acute hepatitis, but extra-hepatic replication and injury are frequently reported. During the study period, we discovered two acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients infected with HEV genotype 3 and 4, respectively, and HEV RNA and/or viral proteins were persistently detected in the bone marrow of both patients. The finding suggests that HEV can replicate in human bone marrow as it may serve as a new target site and reservoir of HEV persistence. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 Apr 29;17(9). Epub 2020 Apr 29.

2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia.

: The Roma population is one of the largest marginalized population groups in Europe. The aim of our work was to summarize the morbidity of lifestyle-related diseases and infectious diseases in the Roma population living in segregated settlements. : We used data from the cross-sectional study HepaMeta, in which we examined 452 Roma subjects with an average age of 34. Read More

Int J Food Microbiol 2020 Jul 18;325:108625. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department of Biological Safety, Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address:

Infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause acute and chronic hepatitis in humans. The zoonotic HEV genotype 3 is mainly transmitted by consumption of raw and fermented meat products prepared from infected pigs or wild boars. Lowering of pH during fermentation is one of the microbiological hurdles considered to inhibit growth of certain pathogens. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2020 Apr 26;7(4):ofaa107. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

Department of Pathology and Hepatology, the 5th Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.

Chronic liver diseases (CLDs) have been documented to exacerbate clinical outcomes of acute hepatitis E (AHE). This study aimed to uncover the role of etiology and status of CLD in the adverse outcomes of AHE. We found that superinfection with hepatitis E virus (HEV) in patients with cirrhotic CLD can cause a worsen outcome, leading to exacerbation of AHE, compared with HEV-infected patients without CLD or with noncirrhotic CLD. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Apr 30;10(1):7352. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Center of Excellence in Liver Diseases, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.

High hepatitis E (HEV) seroprevalence has been reported in the general population and in post-liver transplant (LT) cases in several regions, including Thailand, with genotype 3 being a predominant genotype. We hypothesized that HEV might persist at a subclinical level and might pose clinical risks in the post-LT period. We performed a cross-sectional study with 108 post-LT patients and found an IgG seroprevalence of 55. Read More

Front Microbiol 2020 15;11:656. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Virology Laboratory, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Research Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Gurgaon, India.

Understanding the dynamics of host innate immune responses against a pathogen marks the first step toward developing intervention strategies against the pathogen. The cytosolic pattern recognition receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) has been shown to be the major innate immune sensor for hepatitis E virus (HEV). Here, we show that HEV capsid protein (ORF2), a 660 amino acid long protein, interferes with the RIG-I signaling. Read More

Ther Apher Dial 2020 Apr 29. Epub 2020 Apr 29.

Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Patients undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD) are at an extreme risk of acquiring bloodstream infections compared to the general population. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is an important emerging health issue in these patients. To date, numerous studies have investigated the seroprevalence of HEV among HD patients across the world; however, the data are conflicting. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2020 Apr 25;56(5). Epub 2020 Apr 25.

The National Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Jazan 82722-2476, Saudi Arabia.

Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is emerging as the primary cause of acute viral hepatitis in humans. The virus is commonly transmitted by the fecal-oral route via contaminated water in endemic regions or through the consumption of inadequately cooked swine products or game meats in industrialized regions. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 are predominantly associated with waterborne transmission in developing countries, whereas and are mainly zoonotically transmitted in industrialized countries. Read More

ACG Case Rep J 2020 Mar 18;7(3):e00361. Epub 2020 Mar 18.

Department of Gastroenterology, Monash Health, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

A 21-year-old man from India presented with acute hepatitis associated with a 1-week history of abdominal pain, pruritus, and dark urine. Over a 7-day admission, the patient's acute hepatitis evolved into acute liver failure with low-grade encephalopathy, markedly elevated transaminases, bilirubin, and impaired hepatic synthetic function. He was eventually diagnosed with acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) and was transitioned to supportive management. Read More

Virus Res 2020 Jul 23;284:197985. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Electronic address:

Swine hepatitis E virus (swine HEV) belongs to the species Orthohepevirus A within the genus Orthohepevirus in the family Hepeviridae. Four different genotypes of swine HEV within the species Orthohepevirus A have been identified so far from domesticated and wild swine population: genotypes 3 (HEV-3) and 4 (HEV-4) swine HEVs are zoonotic and infect humans, whereas HEV-5 and HEV-6 are only identified from swine. As a zoonotic agent, swine HEV is an emerging public health concern in many industrialized countries. Read More

Hum Pathol 2020 Apr 21;100:1-9. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Steel Memorial Hirohata Hospital, Himeji 671-1122, Japan. Electronic address:

Three types of intracytoplasmic inclusions immunoreactive to fibrinogen are collectively diagnosed as hepatic fibrinogen storage disease. This study aimed to better characterize ground glass (type II) and globular (type III) fibrinogen inclusions by the pathological examination of 3 cases and a literature review. Three adults (age: 32-64 years; male/female = 2:1) were unexpectedly found to have fibrinogen-positive ground glass changes (type II inclusions) by liver needle biopsy, against a background of acute hepatitis E, resolving acute cholangitis, or severe lobular hepatitis of unknown etiology. Read More

Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2020 May;23(2):299-308

Zodiac Pet & Exotic Hospital, Victoria Centre, Shop 101A, 1/F, Fortress Hill, Hong Kong. Electronic address:

As veterinarians, we may be the first to diagnose emerging zoonotic diseases in ferrets and may be at increased risk of exposure. Pseudomonas luteola is a bacterial infection that causes respiratory disease, panniculitis, sialadenitis, and abscess formation. Hepatitis E virus can cause subclinical infection, acute hepatitis, and persistent infection. Read More

Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract 2020 May;23(2):249-261

Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA. Electronic address:

Recently, multiple infectious organisms have been identified as the cause of emerging diseases in lagomorphs. The most important of these emerging diseases is rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) type 2, a new variant with differences in pathogenicity to classical RHDV. Hepatitis E is considered an emerging zoonotic infectious disease, with widespread prevalence in many different rabbit populations. Read More

BMC Public Health 2019 May 10;19(Suppl 3):464. Epub 2019 May 10.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.

Background: Hepatitis-E Virus (HEV) infection is endemic in Punjab, India. On 4th April 2013, public officials of Labour Colony, Amritsar reported > 20 jaundice cases occurring within several days.

Methods: We performed a case-control study to identify the cause and prevent additional cases of jaundice cases in Amritsar, Punjab, India in 2013. Read More

Pathogens 2020 Apr 17;9(4). Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, 71515 Assiut, Egypt.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. The tropism of HEV is not restricted to the liver, and the virus replicates in other organs. Not all the extrahepatic targets for HEV are identified. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2020 Mar 21. Epub 2020 Mar 21.

Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Viral hepatitis can cause significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Hepatitis A and E mainly present as acute hepatitis during pregnancy, while hepatitis C and D are usually found as chronic infection in pregnant women. Hepatitis A remains self-limiting during pregnancy while hepatitis E has a higher prevalence and manifests with a rigorous course in pregnant women. Read More

Transbound Emerg Dis 2020 Apr 18. Epub 2020 Apr 18.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China.

Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) is highly variable and has multiple genotypes. Previous studies showed that the current epidemic strain in China is genotype 5, but the relevant detection was only carried out in flocks with hepatic rupture haemorrhage syndrome, which does not mean that other genotypes do not exist. In this study, a broader analysis involving different chicken flocks was performed to understand the epidemic status of avian HEV in China. Read More

Ital J Food Saf 2020 Mar 6;9(1):8463. Epub 2020 Apr 6.

Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna (IZSLER), Section of Brescia.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a singlestrand RNA virus that causes an acute viral hepatitis in humans. Among its eight recognized genotypes, HEV-3 and HEV-4 are zoonotic, infecting humans, pigs and wild boars. Recently, HEV-3 has been also detected in red deer, which represents another reservoir of HEV. Read More

Vaccines (Basel) 2020 Apr 13;8(2). Epub 2020 Apr 13.

Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.

Genotype 4 hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen transmitted to humans through food and water. Previously, three genotype 4 swine HEV ORF2 peptides (EPTV, VKLYTS, and PSRPF) were identified as epitopes of virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies that partially blocked rabbit infection with swine HEV. Here, individual and tandem fused peptides were synthesized, conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), then evaluated for immunoprotection of rabbits against swine HEV infection. Read More

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020 May 14;51(10):974-986. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Department of Gastroenterology, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common acute viral hepatitis in Scotland. Little is known about the burden of morbidity and mortality, which can be high in chronic liver disease or immunocompromised states.

Aims: To record the morbidity and mortality of HEV in Scotland. Read More

Liver Int 2020 Apr 13. Epub 2020 Apr 13.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Background And Aims: Hepatitis E virus (HEV), as an emerging zoonotic pathogen, is a leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide, with a high risk of developing chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. However, the global epidemiology of HEV infection has not been comprehensively assessed. This study aims to map the global prevalence and identify the risk factors of HEV infection by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. Read More

Transpl Infect Dis 2020 Jun 23;22(3):e13287. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.

Acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection could lead to acute liver failure (ALF), which requires liver transplantation (LT). HEV infection could progress to chronic infection in an immunosuppressed host. De novo autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare occurrence of AIH during post-LT immunosuppressive therapy in patients who underwent LT due to not AIH but some other etiology. Read More

Anal Chim Acta 2020 May 12;1110:64-71. Epub 2020 Feb 12.

Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan. Electronic address:

Rapid increasing outbreak of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) shows an urgent need of HEV detection. Instead of time consuming and expensive RT-qPCR, an efficient and quick monitoring system is in utmost demand which can be comparable with the RT-qPCR in term of reliability and detection limit. An advanced platform for immunoassay has been constructed in this study by a nanozyme that constitutes anti-HEV IgG antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticles (Ab-AuNPs) as core and in situ silver deposition on the surface of Ab-AuNPs as outer shell. Read More

Case Rep Infect Dis 2020 23;2020:6516037. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Skagit Valley Hospital, 360 Hospital Parkway, My Vernon, WA 98273, USA.

Ibrutinib is a major new addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, and chronic graft versus host disease. Though ibrutinib has proven to be a revolutionary new small molecule agent, and has relatively minimal toxicity as compared to traditional chemotherapy, infections have emerged as a major complication of therapy. While fungal infections have been the most problematic (including CNS aspergillosis), zoster, hepatitis B reactivation, and chronic hepatitis E have been reported in association with ibrutinib therapy. Read More