4,241,305 results match your criteria Health Policy and Planning [Journal]
J Public Health Dent 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Section of Population Oral Health, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Objectives: To identify and characterize US early childhood caries (ECC) programs.
Methods: A 39 question online survey was fielded to 245 ECC programs identified from the literature and peer programs. The 101 respondents (41 percent response rate) reported their program's geographic reach, type, areas of focus, target populations, approaches, affiliations, providers, goals, costs, and funding. Read More
J Public Health Dent 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Objectives: This study explored the association of children's salivary characteristics, past caries experience, birth weight, and reported maternal prenatal vitamin and mineral supplementation with the dental untreated decay of the child.
Methods: This cross-sectional study, a sub-study of Griffith University Environments for Healthy Living birth cohort study, was conducted on 174 mother-child dyads. Mother's prenatal usage of vitamin and mineral supplements; child's birthweight; salivary pH, buffering capacity, and levels of salivary MS and LB were explored as risk indicators. Read More
Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
Objective: To estimate the association between antenatal depression and spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) relative to medically indicated preterm birth (MPTB).
Study Design: This was a secondary analysis of a nested case-control study of preterm birth (PTB). The exposure was a clinical diagnosis of antenatal depression. Read More
Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Internal Medicine, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.
Objective: Allostatic load (AL) represents multisystem physiological "wear-and-tear" reflecting emerging chronic disease risk. We assessed AL during the first year postpartum in a diverse community sample with known health disparities.
Methods: The Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development Community Child Health Network enrolled 2,448 predominantly low-income African-American, Latina, and White women immediately after delivery of liveborn infants at ≥20 weeks' gestation, following them over time with interviews, clinical measures, and biomarkers. Read More
Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Division of Public Health, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
Objective: Sound breastfeeding (BF) knowledge among health professionals is vital for proper institutional support of BF mothers. This study aims to measure both BF knowledge and self-efficacy (SE) of pediatric nurses in supporting BF and to determine their associated factors.
Study Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mansoura University Children's Hospital and Mansoura New General Hospital during the period from January to March 2017. Read More
Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Background: Little is known about the association between bisphenol A (BPA) or triclosan (TCS) exposure and hypertension in pregnancy.
Objective: To investigate potential associations between maternal urinary concentrations of BPA or TCS and gestational hypertension (GH) and preeclampsia.
Study Design: Among 1,909 pregnant women participating in the maternal-infant research on environmental chemicals (MIREC) study, urinary concentrations of BPA and TCS were measured in the first trimester by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using isotope dilution. Read More
Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Objective: We sought to examine pathogen distribution and clinical presentation of late-onset sepsis (LOS) at an urban tertiary care center.
Study Design: We performed a retrospective review of all culture-confirmed cases of LOS presenting to our institution from 2013 to 2017. Medical records were evaluated for demographic information, sepsis risk factors, encounter location, and clinical outcome. Read More
Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Background: Psychiatric comorbidity might modify the disease course adversely in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Treatment options include antidepressants, which, apart from improving mood, have anti-inflammatory properties that might modify the disease course. This nationwide study aimed to examine the influence of antidepressants on the disease course among patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Read More
Ann Work Expo Health 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Division of Environmental Epidemiology (EEPI), Utrecht University, Yalelaan, CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Background: Night-shift work has been reported to have an impact on nutrition, daylight exposure, and physical activity, which might play a role in observed health effects. Because these exposures show diurnal variation, and shift work has been related with disturbances in the circadian rhythm, the timing of assessment of these factors requires careful consideration. Our aim was to describe the changes in patterns of diet, physical activity, and daylight exposure associated with night-shift work. Read More
Nicotine Tob Res 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Introduction: Despite the overall decline in the prevalence of cigarette use in the United States, menthol cigarette use among smokers is rising, and evidence shows that it may lead to more detrimental effects on public health than regular cigarette use. One of the mechanisms by which nicotine sustains tobacco use and dependence is due to its cognitive enhancing properties, and basic science literature suggests that menthol may also enhance nicotine's acute effect on cognition.
Aims And Methods: The purpose of this review is to suggest that the cognitive enhancing effects of menthol may be a potentially important neuropsychological mechanism that has yet to be examined. Read More
Health Soc Work 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Derrick Kranke, PhD, is health science specialist, Veterans Emergency Management Evaluation Center (VEMEC), Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), 16111 Plummer Street, North Hills, CA 91343; e-mail: Jerry Floersch, PhD, LCSW, is associate professor, School of Social Work, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick. Aram Dobalian, PhD, is director, VEMEC, VA, North Hills, CA.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya,Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Background: Parasitic infections constitute a major public health problem worldwide, particularly among underprivileged communities in developing countries including Nigeria. The present study aimed to determine the epidemiology of polyparasitism (multiple parasitic infections) among rural communities in Kano State, North Central Nigeria.
Methods: A total of 551 individuals were screened for the presence of intestinal, urogenital and blood parasites by using different diagnostic techniques. Read More
Eur Heart J 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Aims: We sought to determine subtypes of patients with heart failure (HF) with a distinct clinical profile and treatment response, using a wide range of biomarkers from various pathophysiological domains.
Methods And Results: We performed unsupervised cluster analysis using 92 established cardiovascular biomarkers to identify mutually exclusive subgroups (endotypes) of 1802 patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) from the BIOSTAT-CHF project. We validated our findings in an independent cohort of 813 patients. Read More
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Ceará-UFC. Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection is a current public health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for death among patients with CHIKV infection during a large epidemic in northeast Brazil.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with all registered cases of CHIKV in Ceara, Brazil, during 2016-2017. Read More
Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Section of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Background: Data on the serologic status of childhood vaccines, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are limited in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we evaluated vaccine coverage and seroprotection, along with CMV and EBV seropositivity, in pediatric IBD.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, demographic data, IBD history, vaccine records, and serum for antibodies against measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus, varicella, hepatitis B (HBV), CMV, and EBV were collected from children with IBD. Read More
Ann Work Expo Health 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Volatile organic chemical exposure resulting from surgical operations is common in operating room personnel. The potential risk of long-term exposure to these low-level chemicals is always a concern. This study was conducted in an area hospital located in northern Taiwan to investigate the internal exposure scenario for operating room personnel. Read More
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 Dec;59(15):5957-5964
Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States.
Purpose: To test the hypothesis that mitochondrial respiration contributes to local changes in hydration involved in phototransduction-driven expansion of outer retina, as measured by structural responses on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods: Oxygen consumption rate and mitochondrial reserve capacity of freshly isolated C57BL/6 and 129S6/SvEvTac mouse retina were measured using a Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Light-stimulated outer retina layer water content was determined by proton density MRI, structure and thickness by ultrahigh-resolution OCT, and water mobility by diffusion MRI. Read More
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 Dec;59(15):5941-5956
Applied Genetic Technologies Corporation, Alachua, Florida, United States.
Purpose: Prospective evaluation of patients with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS).
Methods: Fifty-six males XLRS patients, age ≥7 years, had retinal structure and function tests performed every 6 months during an 18-month period.
Results: Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was abnormal (mean ± SD logMAR 0. Read More
J Natl Cancer Inst 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
University of California San Diego School of Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA.
Background: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is a promising new class of cancer therapy but has a high up-front cost. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of CAR-T therapy among pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
Methods: We built a microsimulation model for pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL receiving either CAR-T therapy or standard of care. Read More
Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: The aim of this study was to examine work loss in patients with Crohn's disease.
Methods: Using nationwide registers, we identified incident patients with Crohn's disease (2007-2010) and population comparator subjects without inflammatory bowel disease, matched by age, sex, calendar year, health care region, and education level. We assessed the number of lost workdays due to sick leave and disability pension from 5 years before to 5 years after first diagnosis of Crohn's disease or end of follow-up (September 30, 2015). Read More
Am J Clin Pathol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
Objectives: The list of tumors involving the pituitary gland has been expanded to include a variety of neuronal and paraneuronal tumors in the 2017 World Health Organization tumor classification of endocrine organs. All the entities included in this category are distinctly rare, with limited case reports in the literature.
Methods: We illustrate two extraordinary sellar tumors with neuronal differentiation: a sellar paraganglioma and a sellar neurocytoma, with thorough literature review and comparison of the clinicopathologic features of these entities. Read More
Int Health 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
J Infect Dis 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Introduction: A number of enhanced influenza vaccines have been developed for use in older adults, including the high-dose, MF59-adjuvanted, and intradermal vaccines.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review examining the improvements in antibody responses measured by the hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay associated with these enhanced vaccines, compared to each other, and compared to standard-dose vaccine using random effects models.
Results: Thirty-nine trials were included. Read More
Am J Epidemiol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Exercise Science and Health Promotion Program, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona.
Little is known concerning the type of activity that should be substituted for sedentary time and its potentially most hazardous form (prolonged sedentary bouts) to impart health benefit. We used isotemporal substitution techniques to examine whether 1) replacing total sedentary time with light- or moderate-intensity physical activity (LIPA, MVPA) and 2) replacing prolonged sedentary bouts with shorter sedentary bouts is associated with reductions in all-cause mortality risk. Participants (n = 7,999) from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study, a national cohort of US adults ≥45 years, were studied. Read More
Biol Reprod 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA.
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass of preimplantation blastocysts. For decades, attempts to efficiently derive ESCs in animal livestock species have been unsuccessful, but this goal has recently been achieved in cattle. Together with the recent reconstitution of the germ cell differentiation processes from ESCs in mice, these achievements open new avenues for the development of promising technologies oriented toward improving health, animal production and the environment. Read More
Mutagenesis 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
R&D, Safety Science Research, Kao Corporation, Ichikai-Machi, Haga-Gun, Tochigi, Japan.
Genotoxicity evaluation has been widely used to estimate the carcinogenicity of test substances during safety evaluation. However, the latest strategies using genotoxicity tests give more weight to sensitivity; therefore, their accuracy has been very low. For precise carcinogenicity evaluation, we attempted to establish an integrated testing strategy for the tailor-made carcinogenicity evaluation of test materials, considering the relationships among genotoxicity test results (Ames, in vitro mammalian genotoxicity and in vivo micronucleus), carcinogenicity test results and chemical properties (molecular weight, logKow and 179 organic functional groups). Read More
Ann Work Expo Health 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: Interpretation of exposure measurements has evolved into a framework based on the lognormal distribution. Most available practical tools are based on traditional frequentist statistical procedures that do not satisfactorily account for censored data and are not amenable to simple probabilistic risk statements. Bayesian methods offer promising solutions to these challenges. Read More
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark.
Objective: To monitor the impact of a cautious iodine fortification (IF) on the incidence of overt hypothyroidism in two sub-populations with different levels of preexisting iodine deficiency (ID).
Design: A 20 years (1997-2016) prospective population-based study identified all new cases of diagnosed overt biochemical hypothyroidism in two open cohorts: a Western cohort with moderate ID (n=309,434, January 1st, 1997) and an Eastern cohort with mild ID (n=224,535, January 1st, 1997). A diagnostic algorithm was applied to all thyroid function tests performed within the study areas and possible new cases were verified individually. Read More
Ann Work Expo Health 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
Thermal spraying is widely used for industrial-scale application of ceramic coatings onto metallic surfaces. The particular process has implications for occupational health, as the high energy process generates high emissions of metal-bearing nanoparticles. Emissions and their impact on exposure were characterized during thermal spraying in a work environment, by monitoring size-resolved number and mass concentrations, lung-deposited surface area, particle morphology, and chemical composition. Read More
Occup Med (Lond) 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Northern Hub for Veterans and Military Families' Research, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
Background: Loneliness and social isolation are being increasingly recognized as influencing both physical and mental health. There is limited research carried out with military veterans and, to date, there is no review of existing evidence.
Aims: To synthesize and examine the evidence exploring aspects of social isolation and loneliness of military veterans, using a systematic narrative review strategy. Read More
Hum Reprod 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Commenda, 12, 20122 Milan, Italy.
Elagolix, an orally active non-peptidic GnRH antagonist, has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the management of moderate to severe pain associated with endometriosis. As the degree of ovarian suppression obtained with elagolix is dose-dependent, pain relief may be achieved by modulating the level of hypo-oestrogenism while limiting side effects. Elagolix may thus be considered a novelty in terms of its endocrine and pharmacological properties but not for its impact on the pathogenic mechanisms of endometriosis, as the target of this new drug is, yet again, alteration of the hormonal milieu. Read More
Tree Physiol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia.
Rapid, reliable tools are needed to infer physiological and nutritional health for managing forest systems. Understanding the processes governing tree health is central to the development of these tools. Non-foliar approaches such as the collection of phloem sap reflect processes governing both the use and acquisition of plant water and nutrients at a wide range of temporal (diurnal to seasonal) and spatial (canopy) scales. Read More
Clin Infect Dis 2019 Jan;68(1):1-4
Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, and Center for Evidence-based Practice, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia.
A panel of experts was convened by the Infectious Diseases Society of America to update the 2004 clinical practice guideline on outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) [1]. This guideline is intended to provide insight for healthcare professionals who prescribe and oversee the provision of OPAT. It considers various patient features, infusion catheter issues, monitoring questions, and antimicrobial stewardship concerns. Read More
Clin Infect Dis 2019 Jan;68(1):165-167
Center for Global Health, Mito Kyodo General Hospital, University of Tsukuba.
Transl Behav Med 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Duluth Medical Research Institute, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN, USA.
Early life adversities (ELAs) are shown as significant risk factors for chronic health conditions (CHCs). ELAs include multiple types of abuse such as the social abuse (peer, community, and collective violence). The purpose is to describe the relationship between childhood social abuse and chronic conditions in adulthood among a sample of adults in Tunisia and to investigate the role of obesity and tobacco use as mediators of this association. Read More
J Pediatr Psychol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Oklahoma State University.
Objective: The objective of this study is to examine parent and youth appraisals of illness uncertainty as potential serial mediators in the relation between disease severity and youth depressive symptoms in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Methods: Participants were 85 adolescents 13-18 years of age (Mage = 15.75, SD =1. Read More
Mil Med 2018 Oct 1. Epub 2018 Oct 1.
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX.
Clin Infect Dis 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
Background: Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis are closely related bacteria that cause a significant global burden of disease. Control of gonorrhoea is becoming increasingly difficult due to widespread antibiotic resistance. While vaccines are routinely used for N. Read More
Nicotine Tob Res 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Introduction: Despite negative effects of smoking, smokers have difficulty quitting, suggesting a need for additional strategies to help them quit. A single-session hatha yoga intervention acutely reduced craving among nicotine-deprived smokers not attempting to reduce or quit, yet it is unknown if it reduces craving among those attempting to change their smoking. Thus, the current study tested the efficacy of a single-session hatha yoga intervention for acutely reducing craving among smokers attempting to reduce or quit smoking. Read More
Hum Reprod 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 52, bte. B1.52.02, Brussels 1200, Belgium.
Study Question: Can vitrified baboon ovarian tissue survive >5 months after autotransplantation and subsequently restore fertility?
Summary Answer: Our results show that ovarian tissue grafts can survive at least 18 months, but fertility restoration could not be confirmed due to lack of pregnancy.
What Is Known Already: Ovarian function in baboons can be re-established after autografting of vitrified-warmed ovarian tissue fragments.
Study Design, Size, Duration: Ovaries from five adult female baboons were used for this study. Read More
J Hist Med Allied Sci 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of History, University of Rochester.
Gerald Grob's work in the history of psychiatry over the course of almost fifty years created a model for how historians might successfully situate mental health in its social and political context, and how inseparable it was from this context. Over the last twenty years, the field has grown tremendously. Historians have incorporated categories of analysis like gender and race, methodologies like cultural history and intellectual history, and sought to continue Grob's quest to understand American mental health history as a critical component of American history writ large. Read More
J Public Health (Oxf) 2018 Dec;40(suppl_2):ii12-ii15
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Background: The IDRC 'Strengthening Equity through Applied Research Capacity building in eHealth' (SEARCH) funded seven research projects in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lebanon, Peru and Vietnam that sought to answer questions or test solutions related to the use of Internet or mobile phone technology in strengthening health systems. The evaluation accompanied these projects over two years to answer, among others, the question how cross-grant learning interactions influenced project outcomes.
Methods: The evaluation team conducted repeated interviews and on-line questionnaire surveys with the research teams and analysed the information exchanges among researchers on a SharePoint site established by IDRC. Read More
J Public Health (Oxf) 2018 Dec;40(suppl_2):ii74-ii86
REACH Ethiopia, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Background: Health extension workers (HEWs) are the key cadre within the Ethiopian Health Extension Programme extending health care to rural communities. National policy guidance supports the use of mHealth to improve data quality and use. We report on a mobile Health Management Information system (HMIS) with HEWs and assess its impact on data use, community health service provision and HEWs' experiences. Read More
J Public Health (Oxf) 2018 Dec;40(suppl_2):ii16-ii31
Department of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, L3 5QA, UK.
Background: There is considerable optimism in mHealth's potential to overcome health system deficiencies, yet gender inequalities can weaken attempts to scale-up mHealth initiatives. We report on the gendered experiences of an mHealth intervention, in Southern Ethiopia, realised by the all-female cadre of Health Extension Workers (HEWs).
Methodology: Following the introduction of the mHealth intervention, in-depth interviews (n = 19) and focus group discussions (n = 8) with HEWs, supervisors and community leaders were undertaken to understand whether technology acted as an empowering tool for HEWs. Read More
J Public Health (Oxf) 2018 Dec;40(suppl_2):ii42-ii51
Université de Montréal, CHU Sainte-Justine, Canada.
Background: In Burkina Faso, access to health services for women, children and people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) remains limited. Mobile telephony offers an alternative solution for reaching these individuals. The objective of the study was to improve equity of access to health care and information among women and PLWHAs by reinforcing community participation. Read More
J Crohns Colitis 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Philadelphia, PA.
Background And Aims: Children with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease represent a unique cohort, often with a severe phenotype that is refractory to conventional medications, and in some cases, have underlying primary immunodeficiencies. Prior work has identified distinct histopathological patterns in the gastrointestinal tract in patients with primary immunodeficiencies. The aim of this study is to characterize the diagnostic histological findings in patients with VEO-IBD as compared to older onset pediatric IBD and determine if there are unique pathological changes that can shed light on the driving forces of the disease, particularly immunodeficiencies. Read More
PLoS One 2018 14;13(12):e0207139. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China.
Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), including Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1), are hypermethylated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TET1 catalytic domain (TET1-CD) induces genome-wide DNA demethylation to activate TSGs, but so far, anticancer effects of TET1-CD are unclear. Here we showed that after HCC cells were transiently transfected with TET1-CD, the methylation levels of TSGs, namely APC, p16, RASSF1A, SOCS1 and TET1, were distinctly reduced, and their mRNA levels were significantly increased and HCC cells proliferation, migration and invasion were suppressed, but the methylation and mRNA levels of oncogenes, namely C-myc, Bmi1, EMS1, Kpna2 and c-fos, were not significantly change. Read More
PLoS One 2018 14;13(12):e0208878. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Paediatrics, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Anemia is regarded as major public health problem among adolescents in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) but there is limited primary data in many countries, including Nepal. This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of anemia in a nationally representative sample of adolescents within the 2014 National Adolescent Nutrition Survey in Nepal. A total of 3780 adolescents aged 10 to 19 years were selected from a cross-sectional survey through multi-stage cluster sampling. Read More
Phys Ther Sport 2018 Dec 5;35:127-132. Epub 2018 Dec 5.
Research Institute for Sport and Exercise University of Canberra, Building 1, 11 Kirinari Street, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia. Electronic address:
Objective: Investigate the patterns and circumstances of shoulder injury, in both male and female sub-elite water polo players, through evaluating the injury incidence, mechanism and subsequent training time lost.
Design: Retrospective cohort.
Setting: Sports institute. Read More
Nutrition 2018 Oct 13;60:94-99. Epub 2018 Oct 13.
Research Group on Metabolism, Nutrition and Strength Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil; Appalachian State University, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Caroline, USA.
Objectives: It is well established that ingestion of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) causes metabolic alkalosis. However, there is no consensus in terms of optimal NaHCO doses leading to enhanced performance. This study aimed to determine the effects of different NaHCO doses on performance and lactate clearance in non-professional cyclists. Read More