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J Neurosurg 2019 Feb 8:1-8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

OBJECTIVEChronic ventriculomegaly in the absence of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) is a known entity in adult hydrocephalus practice. The natural history and indication for treatment is, however, poorly defined. A highly heterogeneous group, some adults with ventriculomegaly are asymptomatic, while others have life-threatening deteriorations. Read More

Brain Imaging Behav 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Headache Centre, Careggi University Hospital, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Cluster headache (CH) shows a more severe clinical picture than migraine (Mig). We tested whether brain changes can explain such difference. Multimodal MRI was acquired in attack-free patients with CH (n = 12), Mig (n = 13) and in normal controls (NC, n = 13). Read More

Front Neurol 2019 25;10:23. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Cluster headache is generally considered to be a primary headache; secondary cluster-like headache is quite rare, while cluster-like headache secondary to meningioma is even rarer. Here, we describe an unusual case with cluster-like headache 2.5 years after sphenoid ridge meningioma surgery. Read More

Emerg Med Pract 2019 Feb 1;21(Suppl 2):1-2. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

EMS Fellow, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA

Headache is the fourth most common reason for emergency department encounters, accounting for 3% of all visits in the United States. Though troublesome, 90% are relatively benign primary headaches --migraine, tension, and cluster headaches. The other 10% are secondary headaches, caused by separate underlying processes, with vascular, infectious, or traumatic etiologies, and they are potentially life-threatening. Read More

Med Clin North Am 2019 Mar 20;103(2):235-250. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, John R. Graham Headache Center, Brigham and Women's Faulkner Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1153 Centre Street, Suite 4H, Boston, MA 02130, USA. Electronic address:

The vast majority of headache patients encountered in the outpatient general medicine setting will be diagnosed with a primary headache disorder, mostly migraine or tension-type headache. Other less common primary headaches and secondary headaches, related to or caused by another condition, are the topic of this article. Nonmigraine primary headaches include trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias, primarily cluster headache; facial pain, primarily trigeminal neuralgia; and miscellaneous headache syndromes, such as hemicrania continua and new daily persistent headache. Read More

J Headache Pain 2019 Jan 31;20(1):11. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Department of Neurology and Algology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Besevler, 06510, Ankara, Turkey.

Animal models have provided a growing body of information about the pathophysiology of headaches and novel therapeutic targets. In recent years, experiments in awake animals have gained attention as more relevant headache models. Pain can be assessed in animals using behavioral alterations, which includes sensory-discriminative, affective-emotional and cognitive aspects. Read More

J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2019 Winter;33(1):89-104

Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) are primary headaches that include cluster headache (CH), paroxysmal hemicrania (PH), and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks (SUNHAs) with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) or cranial autonomic features (SUNA). Hemicrania continua (HC) is another form that has been ascribed to TACs for clinical and pathophysiologic reasons. Cluster headache is the most common of these syndromes, even if comparatively rare, with a lifetime prevalence of around 1 in 1,000. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 01 24;13(1):e0007101. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro SANOU, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

Background: Individuals diagnosed with neurocysticercosis often present with epilepsy and sometimes with progressively worsening severe chronic headaches (WSCH). While cross-sectional associations between seropositivity to cysticercal antigens and epilepsy have been reported, few large scale studies have been conducted in West Africa and none have measured the association between seropositivity to cysticercal antigens and headaches. This study aimed at filling these knowledge gaps by estimating the strength of the cross-sectional association between seropositivity to cysticercal antigens and the prevalence of epilepsy and WSCH in 60 villages of Burkina Faso, West Africa. Read More

Emerg Med Pract 2019 Feb 1;21(2):1-20. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Assistant Program Director, Emergency Medicine Residency, Hackensack University Medical and Trauma Center; Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine at Seton Hall Medical School, Hackensack, NJ.

Headache is the fourth most common reason for emergency department encounters, accounting for 3% of all visits in the United States. Though troublesome, 90% are relatively benign primary headaches --migraine, tension, and cluster headaches. The other 10% are secondary headaches, caused by separate underlying processes, with vascular, infectious, or traumatic etiologies, and they are potentially life-threatening. Read More

Headache 2019 Jan 23. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Background: Headache is among the most prevalent causes of disability worldwide. Non-pharmacologic interventions, including neuromodulation therapies, have been proposed in patients who are treatment resistant or intolerant to medications.

Objective: To perform a systematic review on the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the treatment of specific headache disorders (ie, migraine, tension, cluster, posttraumatic). Read More

JAMA 2019 Jan;321(3):239

J Pain Res 2019 4;12:269-281. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Neurology, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK,

Objective: Cluster headache (CH) is the most severe primary headache condition. Its pathophysiology is multifaceted and incompletely understood. This review brings together the latest neuroimaging and neuropeptide evidence on the pathophysiology of CH. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2019 Jan 14. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea. Electronic address:

We evaluated structural volumes and connectivity using graph theoretical analysis in patients with cluster headache. Ten patients with episodic cluster headache were recruited, who had a normal brain MRI on visual inspection. We also enrolled a control group of 20 healthy volunteers. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 01 17;13(1):e0007109. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America.

Background: Epilepsy and progressively worsening severe chronic headaches (WSCH) are the two most common clinical manifestations of neurocysticercosis, a form of cysticercosis. Most community-based studies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) use a two-step approach (questionnaire and confirmation) to estimate the prevalence of these neurological disorders and neurocysticercosis. Few validate the questionnaire in the field or account for the imperfect nature of the screening questionnaire and the fact that only those who screen positive have the opportunity to be confirmed. Read More

Headache 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the HCRTR2 gene variants rs3122156, rs2653342, and rs2653349 in a large homogenous Swedish case-control cohort in order to further evaluate the possible contribution of HCRTR2 to cluster headache.

Background: Cluster headache is a severe neurovascular disorder and the pathophysiology is not yet fully understood. Due to striking circadian and circannual patterns of this disease, the hypothalamus has been a research focus in cluster headache. Read More

Headache 2019 Jan 11. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Background: Structural damage or demyelization of the sphenopalatine ganglion may cause sphenopalatine neuralgia (SN). The current International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition (ICHD-3) regards SN as a phenotype of cluster headache. Whether SN is an independent neuralgia entity has been debated for years. Read More

Headache 2019 Feb 11;59(2):235-249. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Psychology, University of West Georgia, Carrollton, GA, USA.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and adverse effects of acute cluster headache medications in a large international sample, including recommended treatments such as oxygen, commonly used medications such as opioids, and emerging medications such as intranasal ketamine. Particular focus is paid to a large subset of respondents 65 years of age or older.

Background: Large international surveys of cluster headache are rare, as are examinations of treatments and side effects in older cluster headache patients. Read More

Case Rep Neurol Med 2018 5;2018:5850286. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Neurology Department, Hospital São Sebastião, Entre Douro e Vouga Hospital Centre, Rua Dr. Cândido de Pinho, 4520-211 Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal.

Background: The great majority of cases of cluster headache (CH) are primary, but there are several reported cases of CH secondary to underlying structural lesions. The identification of these lesions is crucial for the achievement of an effective treatment and favorable outcome, although the determination of a cause-effect relationship between the two entities may be challenging.

Case Report: We present the first case of CH secondary to sphenoid sinus mucocele. Read More

J Clin Neurol 2019 Jan;15(1):90-96

Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background And Purpose: Cluster headache (CH) is frequently either not diagnosed or the diagnosis is delayed. We addressed this issue by developing the self-administered Cluster Headache Screening Questionnaire (CHSQ).

Methods: Experts selected items from the diagnostic criteria of CH and the characteristics of migraine. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 Jan/Feb;35(1):e15-e16

Department of Ophthalmology, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes Cedex 9.

Pourfour du Petit syndrome is an uncommon cause of eyelid retraction, associated with unilateral mydriasis and hemifacial hyperhidrosis. This syndrome is caused by hyperactivity of the ipsilateral oculosympathetic pathway and needs to be recognized because it has an opposite clinical presentation but the same topographic and diagnostic value as Horner syndrome. The authors report a rare case of Pourfour du Petit syndrome associated with cluster headache and discuss pathophysiological hypotheses, clinical presentation, complementary exams, pharmacologic testing, treatment options, and prognosis. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2018 Nov-Dec;7(6):1193-1196

King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Headache is among the commonest complaints in medical students; it could be due to many physical or psychological stressors. It has two main types: primary (including tension-type, migraine, and cluster) and secondary. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of headache among male and female medical students. Read More

Yakugaku Zasshi 2019 ;139(1):107-111

Division of Physiology and Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University.

To clarify the associated factors for negative response to sumatriptan nasal spray in patients with cluster headache, we investigated the involvement of clinical information, such as the characteristics of headaches, before commencing sumatriptan nasal spray treatment. There were 18 male patients and 4 female patients. A total of 17 responders and 5 non-responders to sumatriptan nasal spray participated in the present study. Read More

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018 10;14:3363-3371. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Cognitive Motor Neuroscience Group, Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.

Background: Based on inconsistent sensory alterations demonstrated in cluster headache (CH), the aim of this study was to determine whether patients with CH develop sensory changes in the symptomatic side compared to the asymptomatic side.

Methods: Quantitative sensory testing (QST), including pressure pain threshold (PPT), tactile detection threshold (TDT), prick detection threshold (PDT), and two-point detection threshold (2PDT), was evaluated in 16 patients (seven women; age 41.9±6. Read More

Brain Stimul 2019 Mar - Apr;12(2):383-384. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Neurology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226014, India.

A A Pract 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

From the Department of Anesthesiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

Cluster headaches are characterized by unilateral sudden onset of intense, brief, sharp pain along the side of the face around the eye. Patients often can have symptoms that are resistant to medications, nerve blocks, and surgical treatments. There is increasing evidence of anatomical and functional connections between the trigeminal and occipital nerves. Read More

Am J Manag Care 2018 Dec;24(24 Suppl):S507-S516

electroCore, Inc, Basking Ridge, NJ. Email:

GammaCore was cleared by the FDA for the acute treatment of episodic migraine and episodic cluster headache and has 5 Conformité Européenne marks. Data indicate that gammaCore treatment is both safe and effective as an acute treatment for migraine. Current reimbursement policies need to be updated based on the growing body of evidence to reflect the established status of gammaCore that is no longer experimental. Read More

Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018 Oct;43(10):1137-1144

Department of Health and Social Behavior Science, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Objective: To determine the impact of Cysticercus cellulose (C. cellulose) infection on mental health among school-aged children in Tibetan agricultural areas of Sichuan Province.
 Methods: In October 2015, all primary schools located in Tibetan agricultural areas in Yajiang, Ruoergai, and Muli county of Sichuan Province were selected as the research sites. Read More

Neurosurgery 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Background: Management of chronic cluster headache (CCH) remains a challenging endeavor, and the optimal surgical approach for medically refractory CCH remains controversial.

Objective: To conduct a preliminary evaluation of the efficacy and safety of vidian neurectomy (VN) in patients with medically refractory CCH.

Methods: Between March 2013 and December 2015, 9 CCH patients, all of whom had failed to respond to conservative therapy, underwent VN with a precise nerve cut and maximal preservation of the sphenopalatine ganglion. Read More

Pain Med 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Neurology Department, University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Estudio de Trastornos del Movimiento y Cefaleas (GIIS070), Zaragoza, Spain; Neurology Department, University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain.

Background. : Cluster headache is one of the most disabling of all headache conditions. Although some studies have investigated the psychological profile of patients with cluster headache, research on its impact on cognitive function in patients with episodic cluster headache outside the cluster bout is scant. Read More

PLoS One 2018 11;13(12):e0208810. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Zhejiang Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China.

Background: Dengue is one of the most important vector-bore infectious diseases in China because of its drastic increase in incidence, geographic extension and profound influence on China's economy. This study aims to retrospectively uncover the epidemiological profile of dengue in Zhejiang, one of the most developed provinces in China, and to find the problem existing in dengue control and prevention.

Methodology: Descriptive analyses on the dengue incidence and associated factors were performed. Read More

Semin Neurol 2018 12 6;38(6):603-607. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

The trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias are a group of distinct primary headache disorders that share common characteristics of strict unilateral headache often accompanied by unilateral cranial autonomic features. Cluster headache is the most well-known example, but other than neurologists, practitioners often have limited familiarity with these disorders and treatment options. Delays in diagnosis are typical and treatment options remain suboptimal, associated with limited scientific research into these brain disorders. Read More

Can J Neurol Sci 2019 Jan 4;46(1):14-22. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Ophtalmology Department,Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal,Montreal, Quebec,Canada.

The most common symptom of post-concussive syndrome (PCS) is post-traumatic headache (PTH) accompanied by photophobia. Post-traumatic headache is currently categorized as a secondary headache disorder with a clinical phenotype described by its main features and resembling one of the primary headache disorders: tension, migraine, migraine-like cluster. Although PTH is often treated with medication used for primary headache disorders, the underlying mechanism for PTH has yet to be elucidated. Read More

J Headache Pain 2018 Nov 29;19(1):117. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Background: The three primary headaches, tension-type headache, migraine and cluster headache, occur in both genders, but all seem to have a sex-specific prevalence. These gender differences suggest that both male and female sex hormones could have an influence on the course of primary headaches. This review aims to summarise the most relevant and recent literature on this topic. Read More

J Headache Pain 2018 Nov 28;19(1):116. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Edvard Griegs Gate, NO-7489, Trondheim, Norway.

Background: Headache disorders are an important global public-health problem, but under-diagnosed, undertreated and under-prioritized. Deficiencies in health care for headache, present everywhere, are likely to be greater in poorly-resourced countries. This study reports on health-care utilization for headache in Nepal, a low-income country with high headache burden. Read More

JMM Case Rep 2018 Oct 23;5(10):e005168. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Department Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Introduction: Cryptococcosis in immunocompetent adults is a rare disease in Europe, mostly induced by members of the species complex. The diagnosis can be challenging due to its rarity, unspecific symptoms and long symptomless latency.

Case Presentation: A 49-year-old woman with a three weeks history of headache was admitted to the hospital due to discrete ataxia and impaired vision. Read More

J Headache Pain 2018 Nov 23;19(1):114. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

University Hospitals of North Midlands, Newcastle Road, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 6QG, UK.

Background: Evidence supports the use of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS; gammaCore®) as a promising therapeutic option for patients with cluster headache (CH). We conducted this audit of real-world data from patients with CH, the majority of whom were treatment refractory, to explore early UK clinical experience with nVNS used acutely, preventively, or both.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed data from 30 patients with CH (29 chronic, 1 episodic) who submitted individual funding requests for nVNS to the National Health Service. Read More

Cephalalgia 2018 Nov 23:333102418815506. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

1 Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Background And Aim: Cluster headache attacks exhibit a nocturnal predilection, but little is known of long-term sleep and circadian rhythm. The aim was to compare actigraphy measures, firstly in episodic cluster headache patients in bout and in remission and, secondly, to compare each disease phase with controls.

Methods: Episodic cluster headache patients (ICHD III-beta), from the Danish Headache Center and healthy, age- and sex-matched controls participated. Read More

J Pain Symptom Manage 2019 Mar 20;57(3):617-626. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York City, New York, USA.

Context: There exists a research interest shift from separate symptoms to symptom clusters among people living with HIV (PLWH), which may provide a better understanding of symptom management in HIV/AIDS care. However, the symptom clusters among Chinese PLWH are still unknown.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to identify symptom clusters and to examine demographic and health-related factors associated with these symptom clusters among PLWH prescribing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in China. Read More

Funct Neurol 2018 Jul/Sept;33(3):167-168

J Headache Pain 2018 Nov 15;19(1):109. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Neurology and Algology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Besevler, 06510, Ankara, Turkey.

Cognitive dysfunction has recently gained attention as a significant problem among migraine sufferers. All of the clinical studies show poor cognitive performance during migraine attacks, though, the interictal data are conflicting. Migraineurs show impaired cognitive function interictally in most of the clinic-based studies. Read More

J Headache Pain 2018 Nov 12;19(1):106. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Balassa u. 6, Budapest, 1083, Hungary.

Background: Despite its high prevalence, migraine remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. ID-Migraine is a short, self-administrated questionnaire, originally developed in English by Lipton et al. and later validated in several languages. Read More

Front Neurol 2018 26;9:908. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu St.Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu, South Korea.

Epidemiological data of probable cluster headaches (CH) are scarce in the relevant literature. Here, we sought to assess the prevalence and clinical characteristics of probable CH in comparison with definite CH. Data used in this study were obtained from the Korean Cluster Headache Registry (KCHR), a prospective, cross-sectional, multicenter headache registry that collected data from consecutive patients diagnosed with CH. Read More

Drugs 2018 Nov;78(17):1829-1834

Springer, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.

Fremanezumab-vfrm (hereafter referred to as fremanezumab) [AJOVY™] is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG2Δa) developed by Teva Pharmaceuticals to selectively target calcitonin gene-related peptide (a vasodilatory neuropeptide involved in the pathophysiology of migraine). Its use has been associated with significant reductions in migraine frequency, the requirement for acute headache medication use and headache-related disability compared with placebo in multinational, phase III studies, and in September 2018 fremanezumab was approved by the US FDA for the preventive treatment of migraine in adults. A regulatory assessment for fremanezumab as a preventive treatment of migraine in adults is underway in the EU. Read More

Headache 2018 Nov;58 Suppl 3:276-290

Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.

Objective: To briefly update and correct the available data on anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) therapies for headache since the American Headache Society 60th Scientific Meeting, San Francisco, June 2018.

Background: CGRP is a target for primary headache therapies.

Methods: The author briefly reviews the new data and publications on gepants and anti-CGRP and anti-CGRP receptor monoclonal antibodies since the writing of his previous review in May 2018, with an emphasis on data provided at the American Headache Society 60th Scientific Meeting, San Francisco, June 2018. Read More

J Headache Pain 2018 Nov 1;19(1):100. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum D7, Solnavägen 9, 171 65, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Cluster headache is a severe headache disorder with unknown aetiology. The pathophysiology and symptoms present certain common features with migraine. Specifically, activation of the trigeminal vascular system seems to be involved in both disorders, which is hypothesized to result in neurogenic inflammation and vasodilation of the cerebral vessels. Read More

Drugs 2018 Nov;78(16):1769-1775

Springer, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.

Galcanezumab-gnlm (Emgality™; Eli Lilly and Company), hereafter galcanezumab, is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) ligand. A potent vasodilator, CGRP is implicated in nociceptive transmission and migraine pathogenesis. In September 2018, the US FDA approved galcanezumab as a once-monthly subcutaneous injection for the preventive treatment of migraine in adults. Read More

J Oral Facial Pain Headache 2018 Fall;32(4):e49-e52

Cluster headache (CH) is a rare trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia. Although its pathophysiology is not entirely understood, the hypothalamus and trigeminal nociceptive and autonomic pathways seem to play a key role in its pathology. In the majority of cases, CH begins at a young age and affects mainly men. Read More

Mol Pain 2018 Jan-Dec;14:1744806918810297. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

2 Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA, USA.

Background: The occurrence of debilitating chronic persistent (24/7) headache after mild traumatic brain injury represents a central neuropathic pain state. Previous studies suggest that this chronic headache state can be attributed to altered supraspinal modulatory functional connectivity in both resting and evoked pain states. Abnormalities in the myelin sheaths along the supraspinal superior longitudinal fasciculus and anterior thalamic radiation are frequently associated with alteration in pain modulation related to functional connectivity deficit with the prefrontal cortex. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 11;122:e262-e269. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: In the literature, there are only short series of radiofrequency of the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) to treat chronic refractory cluster headache (CCHr) with variable results. Furthermore, there is no consensus on which methodology to use: radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or pulsed radiofrequency (PRF).

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis of 37 patients with CCHr who underwent RFA or PRF of the SPG in our center between 2004 and 2015. Read More