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Eur J Radiol 2019 May 8;114:69-75. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China. Electronic address:

Purpose: Mild traumatic brain injury is known to have frequent cognitive impairment. Accumulating evidence is pointing to the malfunctioning of the substantia nigra (SN) as an important factor for head trauma. However, it remains unknown whether changes in the SN-based resting state functional connectivity following mTBI at acute stage and its relationship with cognitive function. Read More

J Neurosurg 2019 Apr 19:1-9. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

OBJECTIVEPercutaneous stereotactic radiofrequency rhizotomy (PSR) is often used to treat trigeminal neuralgia, a serious condition that results in lancinating, episodic facial pain. Thorough understanding of the microsurgical anatomy of the foramen ovale (FO) and its surrounding structures is required for efficient, effective, and safe use of this technique. This morphometric study compares anatomical and surgical orientations to identify the variations of the FO and assess cannulation difficulty. Read More

Life Sci 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Canada; Deparment of Physiology, University of Toronto, Canada.

Neuropathic orofacial pain conditions represent a challenge to diagnose and treat. Natural substances are promising therapeutic options for the control of pain.

Aims: This study aimed to examine whether (-)-α-bisabolol (BISA), a natural terpene, can attenuate nociceptive behaviour and central sensitisation in a rodent model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Mar 26. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Associate Professor, Dutch Craniofacial Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus University Hospital, Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Craniofacial Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Craniofacial Center, Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common problem in patients with craniofacial microsomia (CFM); however, the exact pathophysiology in patients with CFM remains unclear. The first aim of this study was to evaluate upper airway volume and morphology in patients with CFM. The second aim was to identify risk factors for the presence of OSA. Read More

Sports Med Open 2019 Apr 18;5(1):14. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

Tahoe Institute for Rural Health Research, 10121 Pine Ave, PO Box 759, Truckee, CA, 96160, USA.

Background: The reliable diagnosis of a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a pervasive problem in sports and in the military. The frequency and severity of each occurrence, while difficult to quantify, may impact long term cognitive function and quality of life. Despite the new revelations concerning brain disfunction from head injuries, individuals still feel pressure to remain on the field despite a debilitating injury. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2019 Apr 8;7(4):2325967119836484. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Background: Club sport participation is increasingly common among high school athletes. Sport participation characteristics may vary widely between the high school and club sport settings. However, there have been no large-scale comparisons of sport participation volume between high school and club teams from similar sports. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2019 27;6:53. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are common and serious injuries to older adults. The majority of TBIs in older adults are sustained when the head impacts the ground or other surface during a fall. While several non-modifiable risk factors have been identified for fall-related TBIs in older adults, there still remains a dearth of knowledge surrounding modifiable risk factors. Read More

J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019 Apr-Jun;10(2):207-211

Department of Radiodiagnosis, Indian Naval Hospital Ship Asvini, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Introduction: Emergency head computed tomography (CT) is rising exponentially during off working hours due to evidence-based medicine, patient's expectation and desires, easy availability and apprehension of medico-legal cases, thereby raising health-care cost. There is huge gap in demand and supply of radiologist, especially during off working hours. There is need to know the pattern of emergency head findings. Read More

J Sci Med Sport 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Neurosurgery, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Surgery, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.

Objectives: To assess the utility and functionality of the X-Patch as a measurement tool to study head impact exposure in Australian Football. Accuracy, precision, reliability and validity were examined.

Designs: Laboratory tests and prospective observational study. Read More

J Orthop Sci 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8562, Japan.

Background: Farming is one of the effective community activities for preventing the need for new long-term care insurance services. This study was conducted to compare spinal canal diameters between patients injured during orchard work (i.e. Read More

Australas Emerg Care 2019 Mar 24;22(1):22-27. Epub 2018 Nov 24.

School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.

Background: Alcohol is the cause of many injury presentations to the emergency department. There has been little research on alcohol-related falls in the broader adult population, which represent a substantial proportion of the total alcohol-related injury presentations to emergency departments.

Methods: A population-based retrospective analysis of public hospital emergency department presentations for Victoria for 2003-2015 was undertaken. Read More

J Nurs Care Qual 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Veterans Health Administration, National Center for Patient Safety, White River Junction, Vermont (Mss Soncrant and Neily and Dr Mills); Veterans Health Administration, VISN 8 Patient Safety Center of Inquiry, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bulat); University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa (Dr Bulat); and The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire (Dr Mills).

Background: Injurious falls continue to challenge health care. Causes of serious falls from the largest health care system in the United States can direct future prevention efforts.

Purpose: This article analyzes injurious falls in the Veterans Health Administration and provides generalizable recommended actions to prevent future events. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2019 Apr 18:145561319841204. Epub 2019 Apr 18.

1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.

Open Heart 2019 25;6(1):e001015. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.

Objective: Pacemaker (PM) therapy is effective when syncope is associated with bradycardia, but syncope recurrences and fall injuries after PM implantation may occur. We aimed to survey indications and outcomes of PM implantation, following evaluation of unexplained syncope.

Methods: Among 1666 consecutive unpaced patients investigated in a tertiary syncope unit by carotid-sinus massage (CSM), head-up tilt test (HUT) and ECG monitoring, 106 (6. Read More

Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Surgery, Trauma Center, National Medical Center.

Post-traumatic striatocapsular infarction is extremely rare and has been described only within the vascular territory of the perforating arteries originating from the middle cerebral artery (MCA). We recently encountered a patient presenting with unilateral multifocal striatocapsular hemorrhagic infarctions following mild head injury. This 25-year-old female was admitted to our trauma center after a motorcycle accident. Read More

Dtsch Arztebl Int 2019 Mar;116(10):167-173

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Trauma Surgery, and Sports Medicine, Cologne Merheim Medical Center, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne; Institute for Research in Operative Medicine (IFOM), Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne; Neurosurgical Center Ludwigsburg-Heilbronn, RKH Klinikum Ludwigsburg, Academic Teaching Hospital of Heidelberg University, Ludwigsburg; Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health (QUEST), BIH Center for Transforming Biomedical Research, Berlin; Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Director Spinal Cord Injury Division, Ohio State University, Columbus (Ohio) USA; Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar; Department of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg; BG Trauma Center Frankfurt/Main; Department of Neurosurgery Gießen, University Gießen-Marburg Gießen; Department of Trauma-, Handand Reconstructive Surgery, J.W. Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main.

Background: The comprehensive expansion of the Trauma Register of the German Trauma Society (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie; TR-DGU) now enables, for the first time, studies on traumatic brain injury (TBI) with special attention to care processes, clinical course, and outcomes of treatment on discharge or transfer from the acute-care hospital.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients documented in the TR-DGU in the period 2013-2017 who had moderate to severe head injury as defined by the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS).

Results: In the period 2013-2017, 41 101 patients with moderate to severe TBI were treated in TR-DGU-associated hospitals in Germany (n = 605 hospitals), corresponding to 8220 cases per year and thus to a population-wide incidence of 10. Read More

Trends Hear 2019 Jan-Dec;23:2331216519840094

3 Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, NC, USA.

Around 75% to 90% of people who experience a traumatic brain injury (TBI) are classified as having a mild TBI (mTBI). The term mTBI is synonymous with concussion or mild head injury (MHI) and is characterized by symptoms of headache, nausea, dizziness, and blurred vision. Problems in cognitive abilities such as deficits in memory, processing speed, executive functioning, and attention are also considered symptoms of mTBI. Read More

Traffic Inj Prev 2019 Apr 17:1-4. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

b Monash University Accident Research Centre (MUARC), Monash University , Victoria , Australia.

Objectives: We encountered an unusual facial laceration wound in relation to motorcycle helmet visor use during our clinical practice. We aimed to assess the prevalence of this unusual facial injury among motorcyclists who sustained facial injuries in selected hospitals and to determine the possible mechanism involved.

Methods: We used our prospective cross-sectional substudy involving injured motorcyclists presenting at major trauma hospitals in Southern Klang Valley, Malaysia, between March 2010 and March 2011. Read More

Head Neck 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background: The nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) is a rare embryologically derived variant of the RLN. We aimed to identify the proportion of NRLN (during thyroidectomy), classify clinical NRLN types, and recommend some surgical considerations.

Method: In this prospective study, from May 2017 to September 2018, our hospital carried out 2158 thyroid operations. Read More

Ann Intensive Care 2019 Apr 16;9(1):47. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik, 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.

The 2018 Paris Intensive Care symposium entitled "Update in Neurocritical Care" was organized in Paris, June 21-22, 2018, under the auspices of the French Intensive Care Society. This 2-day post-graduate educational symposium comprised several chapters, aiming first to provide all-board intensivists with current standards for the clinical assessment of altered consciousness states (including coma and delirium) and peripheral nervous system in critically ill patients, monitoring of brain function (specifically, electro-encephalography) and best practices for sedation-analgesia-delirium management. An update on the treatment of specific severe brain pathologies-including ischaemic/haemorrhagic stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis, hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury, immune-mediated and infectious encephalitis and refractory status epilepticus-was also provided. Read More

J R Army Med Corps 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Neurosurgery, Military Teaching Hospital Sainte Anne, Toulon Armees, France.

The management of a craniocerebral wound (CCW) remains challenging, particularly in a severely injured patient. Considering the complexity of the multilayer insult and damage control care in an unstable patient, every procedure performed should promptly benefit the patient. We report an illustrative case of a patient with a gunshot wound to the head that resulted in a CCW for which we applied vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) therapy according to damage control principles. Read More

Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019 Apr;54(4):251-256

Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.

To summarize and discuss the characteristics of endoscopic approach to manage the middle ear cholesteatoma, and to evaluate the operative safety and outcomes based on the data from the multicenter study. The data of 242 cases diagnosed with the middle ear cholesteatoma and received operation through endoscopic approach between June 2016 and June 2017 in six tertiary hospitals in China were analyzed in this work. There were 130 males and 112 females, with the age ranging from 3 to 72 years old. Read More

Toxicol Lett 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China. Electronic address:

Manganese (Mn) is an essential cofactor for many enzymes and thus plays an important role in normal growth and development. However, persistent exposure to high Mn concentrations can result in deleterious effects on not only the central nervous system but also peripheral nerves, including nerves associated with the auditory system. Our initial research on cochlear organotypic cultures in vitro showed that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) clearly decreases Mn-induced losses in hair cells (HCs), auditory nerve fibers (ANFs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in a concentration-dependent manner. Read More

J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the gasless transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) using the Thyroidoscope, developed to maintain the surgical working space without CO insufflation.

Materials And Methods: To prevent a potentially fatal CO-related complication, we developed a retractable device, named the Thyroidoscope, which could maintain the surgical working space without CO insufflation. We conducted a preclinical cadaver study to evaluate its use in gasless TOETVA. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Dana Children's Hospital, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, 6 Weizman Street, 64239, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Purpose: E-bikes are being used increasingly by all age groups. Children riding e-bikes often do not use safety equipment such as helmets, and are at increased risk for injuries requiring neurosurgery. The most common type of injury among pediatric e-bikers is head and neck trauma. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 May 18;17(5):4144-4148. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China.

Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) is a rare entity that is typically associated with a high risk of rupture and mortality. Only few such cases of pseudoaneurysms have been reported in the medical literature and therefore, the optimal management of this condition remains undetermined. The present study reported on a female patient (age, 20 years) with angiographically progressive pseudoaneurysm of the MMA after head injury. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 May 7;17(5):3403-3410. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, P.R. China.

Marjolin's ulcer is a type of malignant tumor that occurs in scar tissue. The present study aimed to summarize and analyze the aetiology, clinical characteristics, treatment methods, metastasis and prognosis of this disease. A total of 140 cases of Marjolin's ulcer encountered at the Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital (Chongqing, China) between January 2013 and December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2019 Apr 16;20:525-530. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

BACKGROUND Intraosseous cavernous skull hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors that are usually found incidentally on imaging, with an asymptomatic and slow-growing course. We present a case in which the patient had a mass on her forehead for many years, which began to grow rapidly after head trauma. Imaging characteristics play a crucial role in the diagnosis and description of this disease, and in differentiating it from other more common calvarial lesions that may present with a similar clinical picture. Read More

Brain Nerve 2019 Apr;71(4):309-315

Department of Neurosurgery, Asahi General Hospital.

Head trauma is a common condition, but often, serious pathological conditions associated with it are hidden. Skin findings in child abuse cases, such as skull base fracture, battle signs, raccoon eye, open head injury, penetrating wounds, traumatic aneurysm of the superficial temporal artery, traumatic carotid cavernous sinus fistula, and fat embolism have been presented in this paper. It is necessary to observe and record skin findings at the time of consultation and to listen to the detailed medical history that resulted in such an injury. Read More

Arthroscopy 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, U.S.A.. Electronic address:

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of clinically diagnosed femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in a consecutive series of patients presenting with proximal hamstring tendon injury and to correlate this with pelvic anatomic factors.

Methods: The prevalence of clinically symptomatic cam-, pincer-, and mixed-type and overall FAI was calculated among a consecutive series of patients presenting to a hip preservation clinic with a confirmed clinical and radiographic diagnosis of proximal hamstring tendon injury between 2012 and 2017. The presence of a cam lesion was determined by an alpha angle > 50° on radiographs and computed tomography radial sequences of the head-neck junction and a femoral head-neck offset ratio < 0. Read More

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Head and Neck Institute, Portland, OR, USA.

Objective: Self-inflicted gunshot wounds (SIGSWs) to the craniomaxillofacial region are uncommon injuries but are associated with a high mortality rate. Therefore, treating these patients is a rare occurrence even in the largest trauma centers. As with many rare conditions, data specifically addressing this injury pattern are scarce. Read More

J Sport Rehabil 2019 Apr 15:1-5. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Context: During thoroughbred races, jockeys are placed in potentially injurious situations, often with inadequate safety equipment. Jockeys frequently sustain head injuries; therefore, it is important that they wear appropriately certified helmets.

Objective: The goals of this study are (1) to perform impact attenuation testing according to ASTM F1163-15 on a sample of equestrian helmets commonly used by jockeys in the United States and (2) to quantify headform acceleration and residual crush after repeat impacts at the same location. Read More

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2019 May-Aug;27(2):2309499019840771

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the clinical results using the pins and rubbers traction system (PRTS) as described by Suzuki et al. for unstable intra-articular fractures of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and to assess the efficacy and the indication of the technique of the PRTS.

Methods: Thirty-nine fingers in 39 patients (mean age 46. Read More

Appl Neuropsychol Adult 2019 Apr 15:1-7. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

a Department of Psychiatry , University of Illinois College of Medicine , Chicago , Illinois , USA.

The neurobehavioral syndrome of hemispatial neglect, which can result from insults such as stroke, brain tumor, or head injury, has most frequently been described as occurring for the left-side of hemispace following lesions to the right hemisphere. While right hemispatial neglect/inattention may occur following left hemisphere lesions as well, it has received limited attention in the scientific literature. The present case describes an inpatient neuropsychological evaluation with a 67-year-old, African American man presenting with right hemispatial neglect following resection of a large glioblastoma in the left occipitotemporoparietal region. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Apr;98(15):e15163

Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.

We present a safe percutaneous technique for the placement of Kirschner wires into the femoral head to assist in the reduction of irreducible femoral neck fractures using ultrasound to identify the vascular and nervous structures about the hip.From January 2011 to June 2014, a total of 36 patients (25 males and 11 females) were enrolled in this study. Patients were placed on a fracture reduction table for limb traction. Read More

Clin Orthop Relat Res 2019 Apr 9. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

T. Kunisada, T. Fujiwara, J. Hasei, E. Nakata, T. Ozaki, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan M. Senda, Department of Rehabilitation, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.

Background: The choice of reconstructive procedure to restore limb function is challenging after internal hemipelvectomy. Hip transposition arthroplasty, also known as resection arthroplasty, removes a malignant or aggressive tumor of the pelvis and acetabulum after which the remaining femoral head is moved proximally to the lateral surface side of the sacrum or the underside of the resected ilium after internal hemipelvectomy. It may provide reasonable functional results and have some advantages such as lowering the risk of an infected implant compared with other reconstructions because no foreign implants are used. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Kaiser Permanente Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, California.

Background: Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is defined as an acute onset of limb weakness with longitudinal spinal gray matter lesions. Reporting bias and misdiagnosis confound epidemiologic studies of AFM. We mitigated these confounders by using a large data set to assess AFM incidence, risk factors and outcomes in a fixed population. Read More

Neurosci J 2019 7;2019:2782146. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Department of Surgery, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Head injuries contribute to almost 50% of all injuries. Head injuries are still one of the major causes of loss of life and loss of function among young adults. Nowadays, head injury has become a major community problem. Read More

Indian J Plast Surg 2018 Sep-Dec;51(3):274-282

Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharastra, India.

Context: Post-tumour resection lower limb salvage.

Aim/introduction: Resection of tumours of the femur and tibia around the knee and ankle joints results in large bony defects. Often arthrodesis is an alternative; in case, adequate functional motors cannot be preserved or due to economic constraints. Read More

Biosci Trends 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences.

Adhesions due to previous upper abdominal surgery may complicate later liver transplantation. Here we report successful living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in a patient with a history of total gastrectomy. A 32-year-old Japanese woman developed end-stage liver failure due to alcoholic cirrhosis. Read More

Ann Emerg Med 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Israel National Center for Trauma and Emergency Research, Gertner Institute, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Electronic address:

Study Objective: The latest wave of terrorism worldwide has seen significant use by terrorists of mundane, "low-technology" weapons, such as utility knives and civilian vehicles. How do the injuries they produce compare with that of more conventional terrorism mechanisms, such as use of firearms and explosives? We compare injury patterns of the most frequent terrorism-related injury mechanisms in an Israeli data set.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 1,858 patients hospitalized because of terrorism events, which were recorded in the Israeli National Trauma Registry between January 1997 and December 2016. Read More

Med Sci Law 2019 Apr;59(2):83-94

1 Department of Forensic Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India.

Homicide patterns are a useful indicator of social stress in a community, and they provide law-enforcement authorities with helpful information. This study was undertaken at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, in order to understand the regional pattern of homicide. Data from the last 20 years were analysed. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019 Apr;99(14):1095-1100

Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.

To investigate the changes of default mode network in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using functional connectivity (FC). Clinical data were collected from thirty-three subjects with OSA who went to the Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, and twenty-nine normal controls were recruited from community from Jan 2016 to Jan 2018. The OSA group was divided into two subgroups according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest oxygen saturation at night: 15 patients in the mild group and 18 in the moderate to severe group. Read More

Exp Neurol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for Free Radical and Antioxidant Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Children's Neuroscience Institute, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address:

Cardiolipin (CL) is a mitochondria-specific phospholipid that is central to maintenance and regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetic and metabolic functions. CL molecular species display great tissue variation with brain exhibiting a distinct, highly diverse CL population. We recently showed that the appearance of unique brain-type CLs in plasma could serve as a brain-specific marker of mitochondrial/tissue injury in patients after cardiac arrest. Read More

Cancer Lett 2019 Apr 10;454:66-69. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Calcium Signalling Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore. Electronic address:

The TRPM4 channel has been extensively studied in cerebral diseases such as stroke, head injury and multiple sclerosis. In the heart, gain-of-function mutations of TRPM4 are a cause of familial cardiac block. Recently, evidence has emerged to support the role of TRPM4 in certain types of cancer, such as prostate cancer and large B cell lymphoma. Read More

Exp Neurol 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America. Electronic address:

The inflammatory response is a significant component of the pathophysiology of pediatric traumatic brain injury. High levels of inflammatory mediators have been found in the cerebrospinal fluid of brain-injured children which have been linked to poor prognosis. Targeting aspects of the inflammatory response in the hopes of finding a viable post-injury therapeutic option has gained attention. Read More

Transfusion 2019 Apr;59(S2):1529-1538

Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, Virginia.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common disorder with high morbidity and mortality, accounting for one in every three deaths due to injury. Older adults are especially vulnerable. They have the highest rates of TBI-related hospitalization and death. Read More

Arch Iran Med 2019 Feb 1;22(2):80-84. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.

Background: Firearm related injuries continue to increase throughout the world and they become the first or second cause of mortality in worldwide. The present study aimed to determine the factors that affect mortality in firearm injuries.

Methods: The patients which were admitted to emergency service between January 2011 and December 2015 due to firearm injuries, were reviewed from hospital records. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Cleveland Clinic, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Cervical chylous fistulae are rare complications usually occurring from iatrogenic injury to the thoracic duct. There have been no reported cases of spontaneous chyle leaks in surgical naïve necks.

Methods: Case report. Read More