Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

PLoS One 2019 20;14(2):e0212541. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Neurotraumatology and Neurosurgery Research Unit (UNINN), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.

Self-report measures, particularly symptom inventories, are critical tools for identifying patients with persistent post-concussion symptoms and their follow-up. Unlike in military or sports-related assessment, in general civilian settings pre-injury levels of concussion-like symptoms are lacking. Normative data are available in adolescent and college populations, but no reference data exist to guide clinical adult explorations. Read More

Emerg Med Australas 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Emergency Department, Mount Isa Base Hospital, Mornington, Queensland, Australia.

Non-fatal strangulation (NFS) can be a cause of severe injury. However, the prevalence and rates of injuries from NFS are unknown, as few victims present to medical attention after strangulation. As up to 40% of fatal strangulations have no external signs, and the majority of surviving victims have few or minor injuries, finding those people severely injured remains challenging. Read More

Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2019 Feb 20. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of BioMechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime & Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628, CD, Delft, the Netherlands.

Various types of complex biomechanical models have been published in the literature to better understand processes related to inflicted head injury by shaking trauma (IHI-ST) in infants. In this systematic review, a comprehensive overview of these models is provided. A systematic review was performed in MEDLINE and Scopus for articles using physical (e. Read More

Iran J Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Jan;31(102):55-59

Department of Humanities, Language and Information, Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea.

Introduction: Laryngeal burns cause long-term voice disorders due to mucosal changes of the vocal folds. Inhalation injuries affect voice production and result in changes in the mucosal thickness and voice quality.

Case Report: A 47-year-old woman was transferred to our department with laryngeal burns sustained during a house fire. Read More

Surg Neurol Int 2019 25;10:10. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Background: Enoxaparin was shown to have a neuroprotective effect in animal models as well as a human study following traumatic brain injury. This study was conducted to assess the effect of enoxaparin on the clinical outcome of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its safety.

Methods: This study is a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Feb 19;9(2):e023307. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Kent, Surrey and Sussex Air Ambulance, Redhill, UK.

Objectives: Patients who sustain a head injury but maintain a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 13-15 may still be suffering from a significant brain injury. We aimed to assess the appropriateness of triage and decision to perform prehospital rapid sequence induction (RSI) in patients attended by a UK Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) following head injury.

Design: A retrospective cohort study of patients attended by Kent Surrey & Sussex Air Ambulance Trust (KSSAAT) HEMS. Read More

J Epidemiol Community Health 2019 Feb 19. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.

Background: Injuries caused by falling are a major health concern among older population. For older people, falls are the leading cause of head injuries; especially, persons with cognitive disorders have an increased risk of falling.

Objective: To compare the incidence of head injury and traumatic brain injury (TBI) among persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) with persons without AD. Read More

Sports Health 2019 Jan/Feb;11(1):18-26

Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York.

Context:: Alpine skiing is a popular sport worldwide but has significant risk for injury. The epidemiology of skiing-related injuries has been described, which has led to the identification of risk factors for specific types of injuries.

Evidence Acquisition:: Pertinent literature from peer-reviewed publications was reviewed. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Feb 18;16(4). Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.

Use the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan to determine whether patients with posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) have an increased risk of mortality. Patients ≥20 years old ever admitted because of head injury (per International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes 850⁻854 and 959.01) during 2000⁻2012 were enrolled into a traumatic brain injury (TBI) cohort. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2019 Feb 19:363546518825380. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia.

Background:: Injuries are common in rugby sevens, but studies to date have been limited to short, noncontinuous periods and reporting of match injuries only.

Purpose:: To report the injury incidence rate (IIR), severity, and burden of injuries sustained by men and women in the Australian rugby sevens program and to provide the first longitudinal investigation of subsequent injury occurrence in rugby sevens looking beyond tournament injuries only.

Study Design:: Descriptive epidemiology study. Read More

Prehosp Emerg Care 2019 Feb 19:1-12. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

g University of Winnipeg , Gupta Faculty of Kinesiology and Applied Health , 515 Portage Avenue , Winnipeg , Manitoba , R3B 2E9 Canada.

Objective: To determine the influence of ambulance motion on head-neck (H-N) kinematics and to compare the effectiveness of two spinal precaution (SP) protocols: spinal immobilization (SI) and spinal motion reduction (SMR).

Methods: Eighteen healthy volunteers (7 females) underwent a series of standardized ambulance transport tasks, across various speeds, under the two SP protocols in a balanced order (n = 12 drivers, n = 7 ambulances). Inertial measurement units were placed on participants' heads and sternums, with another affixed to the stretcher mattress frame. Read More

Vertex 2018 May;XXIX(139):165-171

Sección de Medicina del sueño. Neurología. Hospital Italiano. Hospital Británico. Buenos Aires.

Kleine-Levin syndrome is an uncommon disorder with recurrent episodes of hypersomnia, and behavioral abnormalities such as binge-eating and hypersexuality. Our aims were to report cases of the Kleine-Levin syndrome diagnosed in Buenos Aires, Argentina and to characterize the clinical presentation of these patients. We evaluated patients with Kleine-Levin syndrome according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders. Read More

Radiologia 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Departamento de Radiología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.

Fractures of the petrous part of the temporal bone are a common lesion of the base of the skull; most of these fractures result from high-energy trauma. In patients with multiple trauma, these injuries can be detected on CT scans of the head and neck, where the direct and indirect signs are usually sufficient to establish the diagnosis. It is important to these fractures because the temporal bone has critical structures and the complexity of this region increases the risk of error unless special care is taken. Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2019 Feb 19:1-9. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery,All India Institute of Medical Sciences,New Delhi,India.

Objective: To recount experience with cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea and temporal bone meningoencephalocele repair in a tertiary care hospital.

Method: A retrospective review was conducted of 16 cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea and meningoencephalic herniation patients managed surgically from 1991 to 2016.

Results: Aetiology was: congenital (n = 3), post-traumatic (n = 2), spontaneous (n = 1) or post-mastoidectomy (n = 10). Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Feb 19:194599819831289. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

2 Columbia University Medical Center/New York Presbyterian, New York, New York, USA.

Objective: Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury causes vocal fold paralysis from which functional recovery is typically absent due to nonselective reinnervation. This study investigates expression of axon guidance cues and their modulators relative to the chronology of reinnervation by examining the expression of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), netrin 1, and laminin 111 (LAMA1) in nonpooled laryngeal muscles. This study is the first to describe the post-RLN injury expression pattern of LAMA1, a target of particular interest as it has been shown to switch netrin 1-mediated growth cone attraction to repulsion. Read More

Brain Inj 2019 11;33(4):456-462. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

d Department of Neuroscience , Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA.

Introduction: Repetitive subconcussive head impacts in contact/collision sports such as in US football are believed to contribute to long-term brain changes and chronic symptoms. However, the lack of tools to measure the effects of repeated subconcussion limits our understanding of potential contributions to neuropathological alterations including cellular damage.

Methods: We examined subconcussive head impacts using an accelerometer-embedded mouthguard on changes in blood levels of neurofilament light (NFL) chain in 18 Division I college football players. Read More

JBJS Essent Surg Tech 2014 Mar 12;4(1):e5. Epub 2014 Mar 12.

Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, No. 31 East Street of Xinjiekou, West District, Beijing 100035, Republic of China. E-mail address for Y.-h. Xue:

Introduction: We describe a new technique for treating traumatic brachial plexus avulsion injury with a contralateral C7 nerve transfer with direct coaptation that shortens the time to muscle reinnervation.

Step 1 Explore The Injured Brachial Plexus: Explore the brachial plexus carefully and confirm the nerve-root avulsion injuries from C7 to T1.

Step 2 Harvest The Contralateral C7 Nerve: Dissect the divisions of the contralateral C7 nerve root, divide the nerve at the junction between the divisions and cords, and mobilize it proximally. Read More

J Alzheimers Dis 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Genome-wide association studies identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the MSRB3 gene encoding Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase-B3 (MsrB3) to be associated with the risk for low hippocampal volume and late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Subsequently, we identified AD-associated abnormal patterns of neuronal and vascular MsrB3 expression in postmortem hippocampi. The present study investigated the relationship between the MSRB3 SNP rs61921502, G (minor/risk allele) and MRI measures of brain injury including total brain volume, hippocampal volume, and white matter hyperintensities using linear regression models; the presence of brain infarcts using logistic regression models; and the incidence of stroke, dementia, and AD using Cox proportional hazards models in 2,038 Framingham Heart Study Offspring participants with MRI administered close to examination cycle 7 (1998-2001). Read More

Orthop Res Rev 2018 11;10:31-39. Epub 2018 Jul 11.

Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand,

Introduction: The early rehabilitation and mobilization after hip arthroplasty (HA) in elderly femoral neck fracture (FNF) patients significantly reduces the postoperative morbidity and mortality. The direct anterior approach (DAA) without the muscle detachment has been shown to improve the early postoperative functional outcomes in coxarthrosis patients. However, the application of DAA on elderly FNF and the most suitable surgical technique have rarely been investigated. Read More

J Neurotrauma 2019 Feb 16. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery , 1211 Medical Center Drive , Dept of Neurosurgery - T-4224 Medical Center North , Nashville, Tennessee, United States , 37212 ;

Post-concussion syndrome (PCS) is characterized by persistent cognitive, somatic, and emotional symptoms after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Genetic and other biological variables may contribute to PCS etiology, and the emergence of biobanks linked to electronic health records (EHR) offers new opportunities for research on PCS. We sought to validate the use of EHR data of PCS patients by comparing two diagnostic algorithms deployed in the Vanderbilt University Medical Center de-identified database of 2. Read More

Br J Neurosurg 2019 Feb 18:1-5. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

d Department of Neurosurgery , Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East , Tokyo , Japan.

Purpose: We report a series of 29 pediatric patients who sustained head injuries due to metallic ceiling fans. They all were admitted to the Emergency Department of Neurosurgery Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, during January 2015 to January 2017.

Results: Pediatric ceiling fan head injuries are characterized by four traits which distinguish them from other types of head injuries; 1- Most of them were because of climbing on or jumping from furniture between the ages of two and five. Read More

Injury 2019 Feb 8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department for Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

Introduction: "Blobbing" is a modern outdoor activity where a participant sits on the end of a partially inflated air bag ("blobber") and is launched into the water when another participant jumps onto the air bag from a platform on the opposite side ("jumper"). This is the first study to evaluate the injury patterns associated with blobbing.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective data analysis was conducted based on 86 patients who sustained blobbing injuries between January 2011 and December 2016. Read More

Injury 2019 Jan 31. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Background: It is common practice when placing cannulated screws within the femoral head when treating femoral neck fractures to avoid the thread-forms from crossing the fracture line. Despite the widespread use of cannulated screws in internal fixation of femoral neck fractures, there is no study to our knowledge that describes the ideal length of thread-forms.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the thread length that will maximize purchase within the femoral head while minimizing risk of crossing the fracture line. Read More

Head Neck 2019 Feb 16. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Department of Otology & Skull Base Surgery, Gruppo Otologico, Piacenza, Italy.

Background: To review the Shamblin classification of carotid body paragangliomas (CBPs) and the role of intra-arterial stenting in their surgical management.

Methods: Retrospective case series of 20 patients with 28 CBPs that were surgically resected at our center. Intra-arterial stenting was performed in Shamblin II and II classes. Read More

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Surgery, Section Trauma Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VUmc, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: A medical-psychiatric unit (MPU) is a special ward where staff is trained in caring for patients with psychiatric or behavioural problems that need hospitalisation for physical health problems. It is well known that these patients are at higher risk of complications and have a longer length of stay resulting in higher costs than patients without psychiatric comorbidity. The objective of this study was to analyse the trauma patient population of the first 10 years of existence of the MPU in a level I trauma center. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.

Background: Internal fixation of complex radial head and neck (CRHN) fractures is difficult, and postoperative complications are common. This study evaluated elbow function and patient clinical status after internal fixation of CRHN fractures with modern locking plates.

Methods: We included 40 patients with 41 fractures (1 bilateral lesion). Read More

Injury 2019 Feb 10. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Fractures of the proximal humerus are often associated with lesions of the long head of the biceps (LHB) tendon. This often leads to prolonged shoulder pain. Hence, many surgeons decide to perform a tenodesis of the LHB tendon simultaneous to ORIF. Read More

Sports Health 2019 Feb 15:1941738119827966. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

School of Exercise Science, Physical, and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.

Background:: Brain injury arising from head trauma is a major concern in mixed martial arts (MMA) because knockout (KO) and technical knockout (TKO) are frequent fight outcomes. Previous studies have shown a high incidence of matches ending due to strikes to the head but did not consider weight categories and female fights. This study aimed at analyzing match stoppages in MMA and the exposure to head trauma distinguished by sex and weight categories. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2019 15;2019:3626032. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.

Lead exposure causes or aggravates hearing damage to human or animal, but the detailed effects of lead exposure on auditory system including injury sites of the cochlea in mammal remain controversy. To investigate the effect of chronic lead exposure on auditory system, 40 adult guinea pigs with normal hearing were randomly divided into five groups. They were fed 2 mmol/L lead acetate in drinking water for 0, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days (n = 8), respectively. Read More

Med Sci (Basel) 2019 Feb 5;7(2). Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata 573-1010, Japan.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a refractory upper airway disease, accompanied mainly by eosinophilia and/or asthma. In addition, the disease correlates with a high rate of hyposmia, following a marked infiltration of eosinophils into the inflamed site, the paranasal sinus. Although eosinophils are known to contribute to the development of hyposmia and CRSwNP pathology, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Read More

Semin Speech Lang 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Clinical Laboratory Sciences/MPH Programs, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas.

Concussion is a transitory brain injury resulting from a blow to the head. Concussion is considered a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), which is self-limited. Repetitive mTBI has been associated with chronic, progressive neurological damage. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Resident and Postdoctoral Researcher, Departments of Periodontics and Endodontics and Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.

Purpose: The use of plates for open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular fractures has become a widely accepted method in the past 3 decades. However, the anterior mandible is well suited to lag screw fixation owing to the thickness of its bony cortices. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to comparatively evaluate clinical outcomes of fixation using lag screws and miniplates in anterior mandibular fractures. Read More

Retina 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York.

Purpose: Intravitreal injections acutely and temporarily increase intraocular pressure (IOP), and this may have cumulative long-term effects including an increased risk for glaucoma surgery. This study was designed to measure retinal perfusion density changes on optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography and OCT thickness alterations associated with acutely increased IOP after intravitreal injections.

Methods: Retrospective observational clinical study of 40 eyes (39 patients) with various retinopathies from October 2016 to June 2017 at a tertiary care retina clinic in NYC. Read More

BJPsych Open 2019 Jan;5(1):e9

Program Head,Justice Health Research Program, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales,Australia.

Background: With significant numbers of individuals in the criminal justice system having mental health problems, court-based diversion programmes and liaison services have been established to address this problem.AimsTo examine the effectiveness of the New South Wales (Australia) court diversion programme in reducing re-offending among those diagnosed with psychosis by comparing the treatment order group with a comparison group who received a punitive sanction.

Method: Those with psychoses were identified from New South Wales Ministry of Health records between 2001 and 2012 and linked to offending records. Read More

J Gen Intern Med 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Family Medicine and Geriatrics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Background: Standardization in tools and documentation of child abuse and intimate partner violence have proven helpful in completely documenting injuries and suspected abuse among these populations. Similar tools do not yet exist for older adults and elder abuse.

Objective: To (1) use insights from experts to develop a tool to assist clinicians in appropriately and completely documenting physical findings in injured older adults for potential future forensic investigation of abuse or neglect and (2) to assess the feasibility of incorporating this tool into clinical practice. Read More

Lab Invest 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is common in many populations, including athletes, veterans, and domestic abuse victims. mTBI can cause chronic symptoms, including depression, irritability, memory problems, and attention deficits. A history of repetitive mTBI has been epidemiologically associated with developing early-onset dementia and neurodegenerative diseases and, in particular, is thought to be the underlying cause of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)-a progressive tauopathy diagnosed by the presence of perivascular hyperphosphorylated tau protein (p-tau) in the depths of cortical sulci. Read More

Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2019 ;56(1):67-73

Department of Internal Medicine, Sankoukai Miyazaki Hospital.

An 80-year-old woman who was hospitalized due to small subarachnoid hemorrhaging caused by a bruise in the left temporal region of the brain. Nausea/vomiting and malaise appeared after dinner on the fourth day of the illness. Head computed tomography showed that the post-traumatic status was almost normal; however, the sodium ion (Na) level was 114 mEq/L, indicating severe hyponatremia. Read More

Br J Sports Med 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Duke Sport Sciences Institute, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

There has been an increased focus and awareness of head injury and sport-related concussion (SRC) across all sports from the medical and scientific communities, sports organisations, legislators, the media and the general population. Soccer, in particular, has been a focus of attention due to the popularity of the game, the frequency of SRC and the hypothesised effects of repetitive heading of the ball. Major League Soccer, US Soccer and the National Women's Soccer League jointly hosted a conference entitled, 'Head Injury in Soccer: From Science to the Field', on 21-22 April 2017 in New York City, New York. Read More

Isr J Health Policy Res 2019 Feb 13;8(1):25. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Israel National Center for Trauma and Emergency Medicine, The Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Public Health Policy, Tel- Hashomer, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Objective: To determine if ethnic disparities exist with regard to the risk of injury and injury outcomes among elderly hospitalized casualties in Israel.

Methods: A retrospective study based on data from the Israeli National Trauma Registry between 2008 and 2017. Data included demographic, injury and hospitalization characteristics. Read More

Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2019 Feb 13;27(1):18. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Neuroscience Research Australia, 139 Barker Street, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia.

Background: Prehospital undertriage occurs when the required level of care for a major trauma patient is underestimated and the patient is transported to a lower-level emergency care facility. One possible reason is that the pattern of injuries exceeding a certain severity threshold is not easily recognizable in the field. The present study aims to examine whether the injury patterns of major road trauma patients are associated with trauma centre transport decisions in Sweden, controlling for the distance from the crash to the nearest trauma centre and other patient characteristics. Read More

J Neurotrauma 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Göteborg University, Neuroscience and Physiology , Sahlgrenska University Hospital , Mölndal, Sweden , SE-43180 ;

The aim of the study was to examine the ability of eight protein biomarkers and their combinations in discriminating CT-negative and CT-positive patients with TBI, utilizing highly sensitive immunoassays in a well-characterized cohort. Blood samples were obtained from 160 patients with acute TBI within 24h from admission. Levels of β-amyloid isoforms 1-40 (Aβ40) and 1-42 (Aβ42), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), heart fatty-acid binding protein (H-FABP), interleukin 10 (IL-10), neurofilament light (NF-L), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and tau were measured. Read More

J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol 2019 Mar;24(1):118-122

1 Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

A 25-year-old man sustained a right-sided brachial plexus injury from a high-velocity motocross accident. Physical examination and electromyography were consistent with a pan-brachial plexopathy with no evidence of axonal continuity. The patient underwent a spinal accessory to suprascapular nerve transfer and an intercostal to musculocutaneous nerve transfer with interpositional sural nerve grafts. Read More

Sports Med 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UCRISE), Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Background: Vertebral artery dissection (VAD) is a potentially catastrophic injury that may occur during sports participation. A comprehensive review is needed to collate documented cases to improve understanding and inform future preventative approaches.

Objective: This review aimed to understand the extent of VAD in sport and characterise trends suggestive of mechanisms of injury. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Objective: To evaluate the extent of airway improvement and voice quality in patients with bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) who underwent selective laryngeal reinnervation surgery.

Methods: Seven patients with BVFP caused by thyroid surgeries were enrolled. They underwent selective laryngeal reinnervation surgery. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Feb 3;120:36-39. Epub 2019 Feb 3.

Department of Vascular Surgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

Objectives: Patient injuries in children can have lifelong effects on the patient and a marked impact on the whole family. The aim of this study was to identify the errors and incidents leading to patient injuries in pediatric otorhinolaryngology (ORL) by evaluating accepted patient injury claims.

Methods: The records of all accepted patient injury claims in ORL between 2001 and 2011 were searched from the nationwide Patient Insurance Centre registry. Read More

Bipolar Disord 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Forensic Pathologist/Neuropathologist/Epidemiologist, San Joaquin County Sheriff-Coroner/Chief Medical Examiner. Clinical Professor of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a diagnosis recently discovered and described in the context of American football. It is a a neurodegenerative disease that is a consequence of repetitive brain injury such as concussion. Such injury most notably occurs in physically violent sports but can also occur in other settings, such as during military duty, where explosive blasts can cause subconcussive impacts to the head. Read More

Blood Transfus 2019 Jan 22:1-6. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Transfusion Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Background: Hypofibrinogenaemia is a common complication of multiple trauma with severe traumatic brain injury (Abbreviated Injury Scale score of the head ≥4; body ≥3). In Japan, neither fibrinogen concentrate nor cryoprecipitate is permitted to treat acquired hypofibrinogenaemia with the purpose of rapidly restoring a haemostatic level of fibrinogen. The aim of this study was to investigate transfusion usage and mortality in patients with multiple trauma and severe traumatic brain injury who were given a cryoprecipitate prepared in-house, comparing those administered the product early or later. Read More

Am Surg 2018 Oct;84(10):1626-1629

Division of Trauma/Acute Care Surgery/Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.

Presently, there are no standardized guidelines regarding the necessity or timing of repeat head imaging in patients on antithrombotics (antiplatelet agents, warfarin, or novel oral anticoagulants) with suspected traumatic brain injury. This is a two-year single institutional retrospective analysis of patients with suspected traumatic brain injury on antithrombotic medications. Patients with a stable or negative repeat head CT were compared with patients who developed a new bleed or demonstrated progression of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Read More

FP Essent 2019 Feb;477:22-28

University of South Alabama College of Medicine Department of Family Medicine, 1601 Center Street, 2N Mobile, AL 36604.

Family physicians may be the first point of contact for adults with new-onset seizure. There are many etiologies of seizures in adults. Etiologies of provoked seizures include temporary metabolic disturbances, central nervous system infections, cerebrovascular disease, drug withdrawal, and traumatic brain injury. Read More

Sports Med 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, 349 Tower at STAR, 100 Discovery Blvd, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.

Background: Repetitive head impacts in young athletes are potentially detrimental to later life (e.g., age 50 + years) neurological function; however, it is unknown what the short-term effects (e. Read More