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Int J Environ Health Res 2021 Apr 22:1-13. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.

At the end of 2019 and 2020s, a wave of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) epidemics worldwide has catalyzed a new era of 'communicable infectious diseases'. However, the world is not currently prepared to deal with the growing burden of COVID-19, with the unexpected arrival of Hantavirus infection heading to the next several healthcare emergencies in public. Hantavirus is a significant class of zoonotic pathogens of negative-sense single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA). Read More

Front Immunol 2021 19;12:603228. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.

Background: New World Hantaviruses (NWHs) are the etiological agent underlying hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe respiratory disease with high mortality rates in humans. In Panama, infections with (CHOV) cause a much milder illness characterized by higher seroprevalence and lower mortality rates. To date, the cytokine profiles and antibody responses associated with this milder form of HCPS have not been defined. Read More

J Med Virol 2021 Mar 12. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Departamento de Paciente Crítico, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) has a high lethality. Severe cases may be rescued by venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO), alongside substantial complications. High volume hemofiltration (HVHF) is a depurative technique that provides homeostatic balance allowing hemodynamic stabilization in some critically ill patients. Read More

Immunology 2021 Feb 26. Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Orthohantaviruses, previously named hantaviruses, cause two emerging zoonotic diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas. Overall, over 200 000 cases are registered every year worldwide, with a fatality rate ranging between 0·1% and 15% for HFRS and between 20% and 40% for HCPS. No specific treatment or vaccines have been approved by the U. Read More

J Virol 2021 Feb 24. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is a severe respiratory disease caused by orthohantaviruses in the Americas with a fatality rate as high as 35%. In South America, Andes orthohantavirus (, ANDV) is a major cause of HCPS, particularly in Chile and Argentina, where thousands of cases have been reported since the virus was discovered. Two strains of ANDV that are classically used for experimental studies of the virus are Chile-9717869, isolated from the natural reservoir, the long-tailed pygmy rice rat, and CHI-7913, an isolate from a lethal human case of HCPS. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020 8;10:532388. Epub 2021 Jan 8.

Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses pose significant public health, economic, and societal burdens. Hantaviruses (genus , family , order ) are enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded, tripartite RNA viruses that are emerging zoonotic pathogens harbored by small mammals such as rodents, bats, moles, and shrews. Orthohantavirus infections cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in humans (HCPS). Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020 22;10:580478. Epub 2020 Dec 22.

Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands.

Orthohantaviruses (family , order ) can cause two serious syndromes in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), associated with the Old World orthohantaviruses, and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), associated with orthohantaviruses in the Americas. In Europe, four different orthohantaviruses (DOBV, PUUV, SEOV, and TULV) are associated with human disease. As disease severity and zoonotic source differ between orthohantavirus species, conclusive determination of the infecting species by either RT-PCR or comparative virus neutralization test (VNT) is of importance. Read More

Virol J 2020 12 29;17(1):198. Epub 2020 Dec 29.

Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Background: Rodent borne hantaviruses are emerging viruses infecting humans through inhalation. They cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hemorrhagic cardiopulmonary syndrome. Recently, hantaviruses have been detected in other small mammals such as Soricomorpha (shrews, moles) and Chiroptera (bats), suggested as reservoirs for potential pandemic viruses and to play a role in the evolution of hantaviruses. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020 3;10:557273. Epub 2020 Nov 3.

Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV) is the sole etiologic agent of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome in Chile and, until now, the only Hantavirus known to be transmitted by person-to-person route. The main risk of person-to-person transmission is to be a sexual partner of an index case, and deep kissing the main mechanism of infection. Experimental reports suggest that ANDV infection can be inhibited by some saliva components. Read More

Emerg Infect Dis 2020 12;26(12):3020-3024

Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is a severe respiratory disease caused by Sin Nombre virus in North America (SNV). As of January 1, 2020, SNV has caused 143 laboratory-confirmed cases of HCPS in Canada. We review critical aspects of SNV virus epidemiology and the ecology, biology, and genetics of HCPS in Canada. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020 17;10:444. Epub 2020 Sep 17.

Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Programa Hantavirus, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina, Santiago, Chile.

(ANDV) is the etiologic agent of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), which has a case fatality rate around 35%, with no effective treatment or vaccine available. ANDV neutralizing antibody (NAb) measurements are important for the evaluation of the immune response following infection, vaccination, or passive administration of investigational monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. The standard assay for NAb measurement is a focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT) featuring live ANDV and must be completed under biosafety level (BSL)-3 conditions. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020 25;10:430. Epub 2020 Aug 25.

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Biotechnology Center, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.

Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) caused by Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV) in South America is a public health threat due to the significant rate of mortality and the lack of a specific treatment. Interestingly, the virus does not produce cytopathic effect, thereby the strong antiviral immune response is suspected to contribute to pathogenesis, hence is important to understand the balance between protective and harmfully immunity. CD4 T regulatory cells (Treg) are essential to control an exacerbated immune response. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020 4;10:399. Epub 2020 Aug 4.

Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Orthohantaviruses are zoonotic viruses that are naturally maintained by persistent infection in specific reservoir species. Although these viruses mainly circulate among rodents worldwide, spill-over infection to humans occurs. Orthohantavirus infection in humans can result in two distinct clinical outcomes: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Read More

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020 Sep 7. Epub 2020 Sep 7.

Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Hantaviruses are enveloped negative (-) single-stranded RNA viruses belongs to Hantaviridae family, hosted by small rodents and entering into the human body through inhalation, causing haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) also known as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Hantaviruses infect approximately more than 200 000 people annually all around the world and its mortality rate is about 35%-40%. Hantaviruses play significant role in affecting the target cells as these inhibit the apoptotic factor in these cells. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2021 Jan 25;752:141967. Epub 2020 Aug 25.

Department of Ecology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil.

Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS) is a disease with high human lethality rates, whose transmission risk is directly related to the abundance of reservoir rodents. In the Brazilian Atlantic forest, the main reservoirs species, Oligoryzomys nigripes and Necromys lasiurus, are thought to increase in abundance with deforestation. Therefore, forest restoration may contribute to decrease HCPS transmission risk, a topic still unexplored, especially in tropical regions. Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020 7;8:925. Epub 2020 Aug 7.

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.

Hantaviruses, part of the family, are a genus of negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that cause two major diseases: New-World Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome and Old-World Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome. Hantaviruses generally are found worldwide with each disease corresponding to their respective hemispheres. New-World Hantaviruses spread by specific rodent-host reservoirs and are categorized as emerging viruses that pose a threat to global health and security due to their high mortality rate and ease of transmission. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020 8;10:333. Epub 2020 Jul 8.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is the major cause of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in North America, a severe respiratory disease with a high fatality rate. SNV is carried by , or deer mice, and human infection occurs following inhalation of aerosolized virus in mouse excreta or secreta, often in peri-domestic settings. Currently there are no FDA approved vaccines or therapeutics for SNV or any other hantaviruses, therefore prevention of infection is an important means of reducing the disease burden of HCPS. Read More

J Virol 2020 07 1;94(14). Epub 2020 Jul 1.

Department of Molecular Biophysics, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Viruses from the family are encountered as emerging pathogens causing two life-threatening human zoonoses: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), with case fatality rates of up to 50%. Here, we comprehensively investigated entry of the Old World hantavirus Puumala virus (PUUV) into mammalian cells, showing that upon treatment with pharmacological inhibitors of macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis, PUUV infections are greatly reduced. We demonstrate that the inhibitors did not interfere with viral replication and that RNA interference, targeting cellular mediators of macropinocytosis, decreases PUUV infection levels significantly. Read More

J Virol 2020 06 16;94(13). Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

The small messenger RNA (SmRNA) of the (ANDV), a rodent-borne member of the family of viruses of the order, encodes a multifunctional nucleocapsid (N) protein and for a nonstructural (NSs) protein of unknown function. We have previously shown the expression of the ANDV-NSs, but only in infected cell cultures. In this study, we extend our early findings by confirming the expression of the ANDV-NSs protein in the lungs of experimentally infected golden Syrian hamsters. Read More

mBio 2020 03 24;11(2). Epub 2020 Mar 24.

Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

Hantaviruses are the etiological agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The latter is associated with case fatality rates ranging from 30% to 50%. HCPS cases are rare, with approximately 300 recorded annually in the Americas. Read More

Front Microbiol 2019 30;10:2989. Epub 2020 Jan 30.

Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.

Hantaviruses (HVs) are rodent-transmitted viruses that can cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia. Together, these viruses have annually caused approximately 200,000 human infections worldwide in recent years, with a case fatality rate of 5-15% for HFRS and up to 40% for HCPS. There is currently no effective treatment available for either HFRS or HCPS. Read More

Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019 20;61:e65. Epub 2019 Dec 20.

Instituto Oswaldo Cruz , Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Ricktesioses , Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil.

Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS) is an important emergent zoonosis associated with wild rodents in Brazil, where this viral infection in children is generally rare. We present HCPS in a child from the Pantanal Biome and a review of all reported pediatric cases in Mato Grosso State, an endemic area for HCPS in Brazil. The investigation used the Information System for Notifiable Diseases database (SINAN). Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2019 Oct;36(5):599-606

Instituto de Salud Poblacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Zoonoses are infections caused by all types of etiological transmissible agents from vertebrate animals to humans. During the last decades, the risk to health caused by different zoonoses has been a consequence of the natural distribution of the different etiological agents and by the emergence and reemergence of these diseases.

Aim: To study the distribution of the risk of mortality of the four main zoonoses in continental Chile, based on national mortality data, with the objective of visualizing geographically where to focus the control efforts of these diseases. Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2019 Aug;36(4):428-432

Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is caused by new world hantaviruses, among which Andes hantavirus (ANDV) is endemic to Chile and Southern Argentina. The disease caused by ANDV produces plasma leakage leading to enhanced vascular permeability and has a high case fatality rate (35%), mainly due to respiratory failure, pulmonary edema and myocardial dysfunction, hypoperfusion and shock. Host sociodemographic and genetic factors might influence the course and outcome of the disease. Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2019 Jun;36(3):299-303

Oficina de Investigación, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.

Background: The hantavirus infection is an emerging zoonotic disease, endemic in Chile, generating the hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), characterized by cardiopulmonary dysfunction with rapidly progressive respiratory failure and high lethality. For an early clinical orientation of HCPS, due to its non-specificity in symptoms and to help the differential diagnosis, some laboratory parameter that may be useful have been studied.

Aim: To identify laboratory criteria as predictive factors of HCPS in patients with suspected hantavirus infection. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019 12 16;13(12):e0007915. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

Laboratory of Monoclonal Antibodies Technology, Immunobiological Technology Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: Orthohantavirus infection is a neglected global health problem affecting approximately 200,000 people/year, spread by rodent hosts and associated to fatal human diseases, such as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and orthohantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Circulation of HFRS-associated orthohantaviruses, such as Seoul, Gou, Amur, Dobrava and Hantaan, are supposed to be restricted to Eurasian countries even though their hosts can be a worldwide distribution. Few confirmed HFRS orthohantavirus infections in humans have been reported in American countries, but due to lower medical awareness of the symptoms of this zoonosis, it could be associated to viral underreporting or to misdiagnosis with several tropical hemorrhagic diseases. Read More

Sci Rep 2019 11 12;9(1):16631. Epub 2019 Nov 12.

Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.

Orthohantaviruses, negative-sense single-strand tripartite RNA viruses, are a global public health threat. In humans, orthohantavirus infection causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. Whole-genome sequencing of the virus helps in identification and characterization of emerging or re-emerging viruses. Read More

Viruses 2019 10 31;11(11). Epub 2019 Oct 31.

Department of Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil.

Background: Hantavirus disease in humans is rare but frequently lethal in the Neotropics. Several abundant and widely distributed Sigmodontinae rodents are the primary hosts of and, in combination with other factors, these rodents can shape hantavirus disease. Here, we assessed the influence of host diversity, climate, social vulnerability and land use change on the risk of hantavirus disease in Brazil over 24 years. Read More

Emerg Infect Dis 2020 01 17;26(1):150-153. Epub 2020 Jan 17.

Most human hantavirus infections occur in Asia, but some cases have been described in Europe in travelers returning from Asia. We describe a case of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in a previously healthy traveler occurring shortly after he returned to Spain from Nepal. Serologic tests suggested a Puumala virus-like infection. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2020 Jan 28;90:145-150. Epub 2019 Oct 28.

Universidad Franz Tamayo/UNIFRANZ, Cochabamba, Bolivia; Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia. Electronic address:

Introduction: Orthohantaviruses are still a significant public health threat in endemic countries, with high case fatality rates (CFR). In Bolivia, the reporting of small outbreaks occurred until 2012. The findings of 40 laboratory-confirmed cases diagnosed in two departments are reported herein. Read More