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Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022 Jun 17. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Assistant Professor of plastic and reconstructive surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Campus, Alexandria University, 21111, Alexandria, Egypt.

Background: Male chest deformity after massive weight loss is complex and challenging to treat because of differing grades of excessive parenchyma/fat ptosis, nipple malposition, over-stretched skin, ill-defined infra-mammary fold, and prominent axillary rolls. Patients are eager to restore balanced upper body dominance. Two fundamental techniques are used for large breasts with moderate to poor skin elasticity; (1) the inferior pedicle Wise skin pattern and (2) double incision with free nipple graft technique. Read More

JAMA Oncol 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Departments of Pathology and Urology, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor.

Importance: There are few published studies prospectively assessing pharmacological interventions that may delay prostate cancer progression in patients undergoing active surveillance (AS).

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of enzalutamide monotherapy plus AS vs AS alone in patients with low-risk or intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The ENACT study was a phase 2, open-label, randomized clinical trial conducted from June 2016 to August 2020 at 66 US and Canadian sites. Read More

Skin Appendage Disord 2022 May 10;8(3):245-248. Epub 2022 Jan 10.

Department of Dermatology, Alvaro Alvim School Hospital, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Oral finasteride represented a breakthrough for treatment of male pattern hair loss (MPHL), with clinical studies having demonstrated high efficacy of treatment and a favorable safety profile. And yet, fertility issues, malignancy, and postfinasteride syndrome have been concerns of users and prescribers of the drug. Pre-existing mental health disorder may put patients at an increased risk of nocebo, while the prevalence of personality disorders in subjects with MPHL is known to be higher than in the general population, specifically histrionic personality disorder. Read More

G Ital Cardiol (Rome) 2022 Jun;23(6):469-476

S.C. Cardiovascolare e Medicina dello Sport, Dipartimento Cardiotoracovascolare, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste.

Background: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are a class of drugs still underused in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Hyperkalemia, worsening of renal function and gynecomastia are the main causes of the MRA missed prescription but also an inadequate knowledge of this class of drugs may represent a reason for their underuse. The aim of this project was to evaluate the possible usefulness of a unique and innovative web-based platform in order to identify the main issues related to the underuse of MRAs and to discuss shared strategies of interventions to overcome the obstacles to MRA prescription. Read More

J Pediatr Urol 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Paediatric Surgery, Paediatric Gender Clinic, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, 560034, India. Electronic address:

Background: SRD5A2 deficiency leads to incomplete masculinization of individuals with a 46 XY karyotype. A definitive diagnosis in early infancy facilitates decisions concerning choice of sex of rearing and management.

Aim: To review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of children with 46 XY DSD due to SRD5A2 deficiency at a Paediatric Gender Clinic. Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022 Jun 7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Department of Endocrinology, University of Caen, Côte de Nacre Regional Hospital Center, Caen, France.

Background: Gynecomastia may be due to aromatase excess in several diseases such as obesity and cancer. Aromatase excess syndrome (AEXS) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by overexpression of . Germinal mutations occurring in AEXS include various genomic rearrangements including duplication, deletion, and inversion identified in the upstream region of . Read More

Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med 2022 Jun 9;9(2):117-124. Epub 2021 Oct 9.

Franklin Health Research Center, 1650 Murfreesboro Rd., Suite 156, Franklin, TN, 37067, USA.

Background: Lavender essential oil and tea tree essential oil have become popular ingredients in personal care and household products in recent decades. Questions regarding the safety of these oils in pediatric populations have been raised, proposing a link between these essential oils and endocrine disruption in children, specifically prepubertal gynecomastia. To date, no epidemiological studies have been conducted to evaluate this proposed link. Read More

Brain 2022 May 27. Epub 2022 May 27.

Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, namely Kennedy disease, is a rare progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of a CAG repeat in the first exon of the androgen receptor gene on the X chromosome. We assessed the clinical history, laboratory findings, functional scales, and electrophysiological data, as well as the levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone, in 157 Korean patients with genetically confirmed spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (mean age at data collection = 56.9 years; range = 33-83 years). Read More

Genes (Basel) 2022 Apr 23;13(5). Epub 2022 Apr 23.

Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, UMC, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Klinefelter syndrome is the most commonly reported sex chromosome abnormality. It is heavily underdiagnosed due to the substantial variability of clinical presentations but is generally characterized by small, firm testes, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, and the absence of spermatogenesis. Most patients with Klinefelter syndrome have a 47,XXY genotype. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022 May 19;10(5):e4339. Epub 2022 May 19.

Chennai Plastic Surgery, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Gynecomastia is found to be a common cosmetic problem. Many techniques are currently available for the surgical treatment of gynecomastia, reported to be effective, with limited scar formation. The main objective of our unique reproducible nipple-areola complex (NAC) lifting technique is the management of skin redundancy in severe gynecomastia and positioning the NAC at an aesthetically pleasing site on the chest, for men. Read More

Endocr Regul 2022 Apr 30;56(2):134-147. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Pakistan.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most widely prescribed medications in the world. According to numerous studies, PPIs have been linked to hyperprolactinemia, which can lead to a variety of sexual and reproductive issues. This review summarizes the effects of numerous PPIs on the blood prolactin levels and associated sexual dysfunctions, which have an effect on the patient's life quality and fertility. Read More

Curr Hypertens Rep 2022 Apr 30. Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 1-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8574, Japan.

Purpose Of Review: The study aims to verify the advantages of nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor blockers (MRBs) in the management of hypertension and cardiovascular and renal diseases, comparing with conventional MRBs.

Recent Findings: Based on the unique structures, the nonsteroidal MRBs have higher selectivity for mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) and show no agonist activity for major steroid hormone receptors in contrast to steroidal MRBs. Today, there are two nonsteroidal MRBs, esaxerenone and finerenone, which completed phase 3 clinical trials. Read More

Praxis (Bern 1994) 2022 Apr;111(6):e333-e337

Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

The non-medical use of image- and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) is widespread in the fitness and bodybuilding scene. The reasons for IPED use are often hedonistic in nature and they are used in so-called "cycles" over several weeks. The most common side effects are: testicular atrophy, acne, hypersexuality, hypertension, gynecomastia, lipid metabolism disorders, mood swings, hair loss, and policythemia. Read More

Praxis (Bern 1994) 2022 Apr;111(6):333-337

Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz.

Recognizing IPED Use in Clinical Practice The non-medical use of image- and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) is widespread in the fitness and bodybuilding scene. The reasons for IPED use are often hedonistic in nature and they are used in so-called "cycles" over several weeks. The most common side effects are: testicular atrophy, acne, hypersexuality, hypertension, gynecomastia, lipid metabolism disorders, mood swings, hair loss, and policythemia. Read More

Genes Genomics 2022 Apr 21. Epub 2022 Apr 21.

Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, 10000, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background: Androgens and androgen receptor (AR) are critical regulators of the masculinization process in male sexual development. The absence of a functioning AR results in the development of the androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS), a rare disorder of sexual development (DSD) characterized by the external genitalia feminization, gynecomastia, and impaired spermatogenesis.

Objective: To determine the AR gene mutations associated with male DSD in four unrelated Vietnamese patients. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022 Apr 19. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Topiwala National Medical College, BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai, India.

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022 Apr 13;10(4):e4256. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Austin Gynecomastia Center, Westlake Plastic Surgery, Austin, Tex.

Conventional teaching dictates subtotal removal of gynecomastia tissue to ensure a cosmetically acceptable result. Modern-day concerns regarding gynecomastia treatment include continued "puffy nipples," possible recurrence, and compromised aesthetic results resulting from incomplete tissue removal. The author practiced complete tissue removal with a layered closure technique to optimize the cosmetic result while addressing treatment complications. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2022 Apr 16. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Background: The public interest and demand for cosmetic surgery is growing in North America. As practices continue to advertise cosmetic procedures, male consumers must also be given fair consideration in a market targeted mostly towards women.

Objectives: This study investigates the advertising trends of plastic surgery clinics to assess for prevailing gender differences among online Canadian plastic surgery practice advertising. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 17;9:828189. Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are characterized with high risk of heart failure. Although mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have beneficial effect on relieving cardiac fibrosis and, thus, reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and cardiac death, the therapeutic benefits and adverse effects are still controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to measure the safety and efficacy of spironolactone in patients undergoing dialysis. Read More

Clin Plast Surg 2022 Apr;49(2):293-305

Hurwitz Center for Plastic Surgery; UNLV School of Medicine, 1701 W Charleston Blvd, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA.

Contemporary management of gynecomastia includes transareolar excision of gland, disruption of inframammary fold, ultrasonic-assisted lipoplasty with muscular definition, bipolar radiofrequency tightening, pedicled NAC mastopexy with boomerang pattern excision and J torsoplasty, NAC grafts with hockey stick excision pattern, and pectoralis muscle lipoaugmentation. Therapeutic options are arranged across a modified Simon classification. The aesthetic goal is near total glandular reduction, with proper position and shape of the nipple areolar complexes, and masculinity with skin adherence reflecting musculoskeleton. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2022 06 29;149(6):1062e-1070e. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

From the Adolescent Breast Clinic, Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, and Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School.

Background: Persistent adolescent gynecomastia negatively affects health-related quality of life. Surgery results in psychosocial improvements, but the effects of postoperative complications on health-related quality of life are unknown. The authors examined whether complications following adolescent gynecomastia surgery impact postoperative health-related quality of life. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022 Mar 21. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.

Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2022 Jan-Mar;85(1):102-104

Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery division, Saint-Luc Academic Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.

Unlike simple obesity, Madelung's disease (MD) is a rare disease characterized by symmetric accumulation of massive adipose tissue on the neck, the superior part of the trunk and limbs, leading to a pathognomonic cosmetic deformity. Here, we report an extremely rare case of MD associated with bilateral gynecomastia in a 61-year-old man, with a history of recent liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2022 May 20;75(5):1704-1728. Epub 2022 Feb 20.

Personal Research Assistant to the First Author.

Background: To date, various surgical techniques were developed for gynecomastia and pseudogynecomastia surgery, providing surgeons vast range of options. These variations of techniques, however, may have different efficacy and results depending on the severity of patients' conditions.

Objectives: This review aims to delineate comprehensively the variations of surgical approaches to gynecomastia and pseudogynecomastia in relation to surgical and patients' outcomes. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2022 Apr 9;93:106923. Epub 2022 Mar 9.

Department of Oncology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.

Introduction And Importance: The neoplasms of the testis are sporadic tumors among men. Furthermore, the rarest subset of these is neoplasms belonging to the stromal tumors of the sex cord. Leydig cell tumors are the most common form among the testicular stromal tumors. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022 Mar 18. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Antiaging Group Barcelona, Ronda general Mitre 84, 08021, Barcelona, Spain.

Andrologia 2022 Jul 16;54(6):e14414. Epub 2022 Mar 16.

Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Idiopathic gynecomastia is a diagnosis of exclusion. We aimed to evaluate the role of steroids, peptides and growth factors in these patients. Those with bilateral idiopathic gynecomastia (n = 29) (Simon's grade IIb or III) who underwent gland excision were evaluated by immunohistochemical techniques using semi-quantitative grading for oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), aromatase, androgen receptor (AR), peptides (IGF-1, IGF-2, HER-2, parathyroid-hormone related peptide [PTHrP]) and growth factors (EGFR, TGFβ). Read More

J Endocrinol Invest 2022 Mar 12. Epub 2022 Mar 12.

Directeur de recherche émérite à l'Inserm, Paris, France.

IJU Case Rep 2022 Mar 11;5(2):118-121. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine National Hospital Organization Shinshu Ueda Medical Center Ueda Nagano Japan.

Introduction: Male breast cancer accounts for <1% of all breast cancer. We report a patient with prostate cancer during hormone therapy who developed breast cancer.

Case Presentation: An 88-year-old male underwent androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer and developed an induration in the left breast 7 years after the start of treatment. Read More