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Clin Nucl Med 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

From the Breast Imaging and.

A 54-year-old man with mesenteric carcinoid tumor metastatic to the liver completed staging Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT demonstrating uptake in multiple hepatic lesions consistent with liver metastases with additional asymmetric increased uptake in the right greater than the left breast. Subsequent bilateral diagnostic mammogram revealed benign right greater than left gynecomastia without suspicious underlying mass. With Food and Drug Administration approval of Ga-DOTATATE and the increased use of this analog in neuroendocrine tumor imaging, this case illustrates a relevant example of uptake that can potentially mimic malignancy. Read More

Indian J Plast Surg 2018 Sep-Dec;51(3):342-343

Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.

BMC Pediatr 2019 Apr 11;19(1):107. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Background: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of premature thelarche (PT) in girls and gynecomastia (GM) in boys in Southern China.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of preschool children across 9 cities in Zhejiang province. A total of 6273 children in the age-group of 2-7 years were recruited from January 2014 to March 2015. Read More

J Int Med Res 2019 Apr 8:300060519840896. Epub 2019 Apr 8.

contributed equally to this work.

This study aimed to report a unique case of primary adrenal insufficiency that was accompanied by painful gynecomastia, which was resolved by treatment with prednisone. Enlargement of the left breast with continuous weakness and generalized nausea in a male was discovered 3 months before admission. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was normal 1 month before presentation. Read More

Gulf J Oncolog 2019 Jan;1(29):6-13

Department of Pathology, Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, UP, India.

Introduction: Breast disorders commonly present as masses, which are mostly benign. However, breast cancer is the most common form of cancer and second leading cause of death among women. The study aimed at analyzing the spectrum of breast diseases especially breast cancers and assess the estrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) and Her2/neu status of breast cancers on immunohistochemistry (IHC). Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2019 May;82(5):493-498

From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) following body-contouring plastic surgery pose a significant burden on patients and caregivers, possibly leading to undesired surgical outcomes. Surgical site infection incidence following body-contouring plastic surgery ranges from 2% to 7%, but is estimated much higher among postbariatric massive weight loss (MWL) patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate SSI rate, risk and protective factors among postbariatric MWL patients following body-contouring plastic surgery. Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2019 3;2019:1925243. Epub 2019 Mar 3.

Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in dialysis patients. Although aldosterone antagonists were considered a treatment for severe heart failure patients to reduce cardiac mortality, whether treating patients undergoing maintenance dialysis with aldosterone antagonists could reduce the risk of cardiocerebrovascular (CCV) remains unclear. We aim to systematically assess the efficacy and tolerability of the addition of aldosterone antagonists to conventional therapy in patients undergoing maintenance dialysis. Read More

Arch Plast Surg 2019 Apr 1. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Corpus and Rostrum Clinic, Cali, Colombia.

Transsexual individuals with gender dysphoria or gender identity disorder are rare, with a prevalence reported to range from 0.002% to 0.014%. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(13):e14967

Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Background: Recent studies have shown the efficacy for using spironolactone to treat heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but the efficacy of spironolactone for heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unclear. This meta-analysis investigated the efficacy and safety of spironolactone in patients with HFmrEF and HFpEF.

Methods And Results: We searched several databases including PubMed and the Cochrane Collaboration, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed spironolactone treatment in HFmrEF and HFpEF. Read More

Semin Diagn Pathol 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114-2696, United States. Electronic address:

Neuroendocrine paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) consist of metabolic disorders that accompany benign and malignant neoplasms but remain unrelated to mass effects or invasion by the primary tumor or its metastases. The underlying pathogenesis responsible for PNS usual clinical presentation rely on aberrant production of protein hormones, proteins and other substances by the tumor. Prompt recognition of characteristic signs and symptoms combined with serological identification of key substances may result in early diagnosis of PNS and its underlying malignancy. Read More

Acta Cytol 2019 Mar 22:1-9. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,

Objective: Differentiation between gynecomastia, a common cause of male breast enlargement, and breast cancer is crucial for appropriate management. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy has been shown to be sensitive and specific in assessing female breast lesions, comparable to core needle biopsy. Few such studies have been conducted in men. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2019 Feb 26;57:60-62. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Department of Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn NY, United States.

Introduction: Male breast cancer is a rare disease. Although epidemiologic and genetic factors are associated with male breast cancer, hormonal factors may also play a role.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 39-year-old BRCA negative male patient taking a sexual performance enhancement supplement who presented with worsening asymmetric gynecomastia and unilateral spontaneous bloody nipple discharge and was found to have ductal carcinoma in-situ. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2019 May;82(5S Suppl 4):S339-S341

From the Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California, Davis, California.

Introduction: Patients with (end-stage renal disease) ESRD often have many medical comorbidities, posing a higher risk for any surgical procedure. Obese patients are asked to lose weight to become more acceptable renal transplant candidates. Unfortunately, this often results in a panniculus and excess ptotic skin with accompanying functional and aesthetic concerns. Read More

Eur J Sport Sci 2019 Mar 18:1-11. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

a Laboratory of Sports Medicine, Sports Medicine Division , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece.

Growing analytical challenges have arisen for the detection of misuse of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) in athletes the last years. Therefore, consideration of additional indirect markers can substantially aid the efforts to detect AAS abuse in athletes. Moreover, this approach can also help physicians to suspect AAS abuse when treating athletes. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2019 May;82(5S Suppl 4):S325-S331

Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA.

Background: Google Trends (GT) is a free, open-source tool that permits customizable analysis of search term volumes entered into the Google search engine. Google Trends data may offer useful and actionable insight to plastic surgeons pertaining to worldwide, national, and regional evolution of patient interest for breast procedures and other common surgeries.

Methods: Search terms were generated using the "related queries" feature of GT. Read More

Pharmacotherapy 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Pharmacology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Introduction: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed for many gastrointestinal diseases. A number of case reports have linked PPIs to gynecomastia in men, but large epidemiologic studies are lacking.

Objective: To quantify the risk of gynecomastia with PPIs in male patients. Read More

Curr Hypertens Rep 2019 Mar 2;21(3):22. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

Third Department of Cardiology, Athens University School of Medicine, Vas. Sofias 114, 115 27, Athens, Greece.

Purpose Of Review: To review comparative efficacy and tolerability data between the two main mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), spironolactone and eplerenone, in patients with resistant hypertension (HTN). The focus was whether spironolactone, being the classical non-selective agent that has been used for years, albeit with several anti-androgenic side effects, can be rivaled by eplerenone, an apparently weaker, but better tolerated, more selective MRA.

Recent Findings: Evidence has accumulated that resistant HTN is generally volume-dependent, attributable to varying degrees of aldosterone excess with its attendant renal effects of sodium and fluid retention. Read More

Vnitr Lek Winter 2019;65(1):51-54

Acromegaly is a rare disorder usually caused by a benign tumour of the pituitary gland. Long-term presence of elevated growth hormone (GH) and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) levels accompanying this disease is associated with complications such as cardiomyopathy, diabetes mellitus, sleep apnoea and arthropathy. Incidence of acromegaly is 3-4 patients per million per year. Read More

Eur J Breast Health 2019 Jan 19;15(1):67-68. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Göttingen-Weende, Göttingen, Germany.

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019 Feb 27. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, 80336, Munich, Germany.

Background: Three-dimensional surface imaging (3DSI) has shown promise for plastic surgeons to objectively assess changes in body contour and breast volume.

Objectives: To assess the surgical outcome after bilateral subcutaneous mastectomy (BSM) and water jet-assisted liposuction (WAL) as treatment for idiopathic gynecomastia, using 3DSI to document changes regarding nipple-areolar complex (NAC) and breast volume.

Methods: Thirty male patients (Simon II A to B) receiving BSM and WAL were enrolled. Read More

Breast Care (Basel) 2018 Dec 14;13(6):419-424. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.

Gynecomastia is defined as a unilateral or bilateral persistent benign mammary gland enlargement in men. Prevalence of asymptomatic gynecomastia is up to 65%. True gynecomastia must be distinguished from pseudogynecomastia. Read More

Breast J 2019 Mar 7;25(2):331-333. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic, Institute of Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.

Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2018 Dec;45(13):1857-1859

Dept. of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine.

History of male breast cancer and pancreatic cancer are important for diagnosis of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome(HBOC), while advanced pancreatic cancer is reported to have metastasis to mammary gland tissue. A 67-year-old man visited a local hospital because fever and right hypochondrial pain. Computed tomography scan revealed pancreatic cancer with multiple liver metastasis and peritoneal metastasis. Read More

Int J Clin Pharm 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Pharmacy, Xiamen Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 10 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, 361001, Fujian Province, China.

Background Tamoxifen is an estrogen receptor modulator used for the treatment of breast cancer; however, currently, it is used in many off-label indications. Objective To investigate the prevalence of tamoxifen off-label prescribing and explore available scientific evidence that supports those uses in outpatients. Setting Xiamen maternity and child health care hospital in Xiamen city of China. Read More

Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Purpose: Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) significantly increases the risk of breast cancer in women. However, little is known about the implications of ADH in men.

Methods: Review of 932 males with breast pathology was performed to identify cases of ADH. Read More

BMC Med Genet 2019 Jan 7;20(1). Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.

Background: Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is characterized by the presence of at least one supernumerary X chromosome. KS typical symptoms include tall stature, gynecomastia, hypogonadism and azoospermia. KS patients show a higher risk of developing metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, osteoporosis and cancer. Read More

Funct Integr Genomics 2019 May 6;19(3):533-539. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Department of Neurology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China.

Kennedy's disease, resulted from the expansion of a CAG repeat in exon 1 of androgen receptor (AR) gene, is a motor neuron degenerative disease in the brainstem and spinal cord with the slow development of facial, bulbar, and limb muscle degeneration. To investigate the clinical manifestations and gene mutations in Han Chinese patients with Kennedy's disease. The clinical manifestations of 5 male Han Chinese patients including 2 probands and their relatives from 2 families and 1 sporadic case were retrospectively studied. Read More

Asian J Androl 2018 Dec 25. Epub 2018 Dec 25.

Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.

Gonadotropin therapy is commonly used to induce virilization and spermatogenesis in male isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) patients. In clinical practice, 5.6%-15. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2019 4;26:146-149. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Thoracic Surgery Department, "Theagenio" Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Gynecomastia with mastodynia and galactorrhea as a paraneoplastic syndrome due to lung cancer with complete response after surgical excision is rare. A 62-year-old Caucasian male presented with mastodynia, galactorrhea and right breast enlargement. Chest x-ray revealed a left upper lobe tumor. Read More

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2018 28;2018. Epub 2018 Dec 28.

Division of Endocrinology, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.

Pubertal gynecomastia is common, can be seen in 65% of the adolescent boys and is considered physiological. It is thought to be due to transient imbalance between the ratio of testosterone and estradiol in the early stages of puberty. It resolves in 1-2 years and requires no treatment. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 03;143(3):662e-663e

Plastic, Reconstructive, and Cosmetic and Burn Surgery Unit, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.

Plast Reconstr Surg 2019 03;143(3):663e

Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Malays J Pathol 2018 Dec;40(3):343-348

University of Niš Faculty of Medicine, Scientific Research Centre for Biomedicine, Serbia, Zoran Đinđic Boulevard 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia.

Introduction: There are less than 100 cases of Large-cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour (LCCSCT) reported in English literature. Most of them are benign, bilateral and affect paediatric population. Malignant cases occur in older patients. Read More

Maedica (Buchar) 2018 Sep;13(3):196-201

"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.

Background: Breast carcinoma is the most important cause of death in women's oncologic pathology worldwide. Due to its high frequency, important advances in diagnostic and management of this entity were made. Because of its rarity (only 0. Read More

Sex Med Rev 2019 04 3;7(2):272-276. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Urology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

Introduction: Clomiphene citrate (CC) is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that has been used for the treatment of hypogonadism in men since the 1970s. It acts centrally to increase secretion of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, thereby increasing testosterone production and serum levels. Unlike testosterone replacement therapy, CC does not suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, preserving intratesticular testosterone production and spermatogenesis. Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2019 Jan;32(1):85-88

Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Background Aromatase excess syndrome (AEXS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by CYP19A1 overexpression. Clinical manifestations of AEXS include pre- or peri-pubertal gynecomastia, advanced bone age and compromised adult height. Case presentation Here we report an 8-year-old boy diagnosed with AEXS by chromosomal array that revealed a 1. Read More

Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2018 12 4;34(12):705-706. Epub 2018 Jul 4.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Excellence Center in Diabetes, Hormones and Metabolism, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address:

Semin Diagn Pathol 2019 Jan 17;36(1):11-15. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Department of Pathology, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States. Electronic address:

Developmental abnormalities and malformations of the breast are rare and encompass a variety of genetic, syndromic, acquired and sporadic conditions. Abnormalities in development may include irregularities in the nipple areolar complex and/or the underlying glandular tissue, resulting in under or overdevelopment of breasts. Age of presentation and clinical severity is dependent on the underlying biologic cause. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Apr;44(4):e303-e304

Gynecomastia is not uncommon in men older than 50 years of age and is characterized by glandular proliferation of breast tissue. Non-physiologic gynecomastia is mostly caused by a variety of external medical interventions. Medications that belong to classes of antiandrogens, antipsychotics, or antibiotics alter the levels of estrogen and testosterone and are commonly implicated in patients with gynecomastia. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019 Apr 27;43(2):546-547. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery "Campus Bio-Medico", University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy.

Kidney Int 2019 Apr 23;95(4):973-982. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Renal, Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

The safety and efficacy of spironolactone is uncertain in end-stage renal disease. We randomized 129 maintenance hemodialysis patients to placebo (n=51) or spironolactone 12.5 mg (n=27), 25 mg (n=26), or 50 mg (n=25) daily for 36 weeks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multiple dosage trial to assess safety, tolerability and feasibility and to explore cardiovascular efficacy. Read More

J Intern Med 2019 Mar 20;285(3):333-340. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Background: The lifetime prevalence of androgenic anabolic steroid abuse is estimated to be around 6% for men, but there is limited knowledge about the side effects of these drugs.

Objective: To investigate mortality and morbidity amongst users of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS).

Methods: In this retrospective matched cohort study, 545 male subjects tested positive for AAS in Danish fitness centres during the period 3 January 2006 to 1 March 2018. Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018 Dec;31(12):1381-1386

Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Background Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is characterized by gastrointestinal polyposis, mucocutaneous pigmentation and cancer predisposition. Patients with PJS can develop large calcifying Sertoli cell tumors (LCSTs). Case presentation A patient presented at 3 years of age with delayed development, hypermobility and later also with tall stature and advanced bone age. Read More

Cesk Patol Summer 2018;54(3):143-146

Diagnosing accessory breast tissue in a male patient is difficult when the condition is unilateral, and there is no areola or nipple. Pseudoangiomatous hyperplasia of the mammary stroma is an uncommon benign mesenchymal proliferation that may mimic low-grade angiosarcoma. We report herein an example of tumoriform pseudoangiomatous hyperplasia of the stroma arising in the accessory breast tissue of a 38-year-old man. Read More

Curr Clin Pharmacol 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Clinical Pharmacology, SRM MCH &RC, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. India.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is defined as a decline in the renal function and an increase in the amount of albuminuria (>300 mg/day). The well-established first-line drug therapies for DN include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and the second line drug therapies include calcium channel blockers or diuretics. The interruption of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by ACEi and ARBs has been beneficial in reducing the progression of renal diseases; however, there is an increase in the levels of aldosterone due to the aldosterone escape phenomenon. Read More

Int J Adolesc Med Health 2018 Nov 6. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey.

Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis (TDH) with a new method in patients with pubertal gynecomastia and also to investigate the relationship between sex hormones. Methods Thiol/disulfide homeostasis, involving native thiol (SH), disulfide (SS) and total thiol (SS + SH), was evaluated between 20 adolescent boys with gynecomastia in mid-puberty and 50 healthy adolescents, who were matched for age, body mass index (BMI) and pubertal stage. The correlations of total serum testosterone (TT) and estradiol (E2) levels with the oxidative parameters were also determined. Read More

J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2018 Nov 5. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Objective: We aimed to study the characteristics on admission, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of hyperprolactinemic cases in a large multicenter study.

Methods: We reviewed 233 hyperprolactinemic patients under 18 years of age who were followed by different centers. The patients were divided as having microadenomas, macroadenomas, drug-induced hyperprolactinemia, and idiopathic hyperprolactinemia. Read More

J Am Coll Radiol 2018 Nov;15(11S):S313-S320

Panel Chair, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia.

Although the majority of male breast problems are benign with gynecomastia as the most common etiology, men with breast symptoms and their referring providers are typically concerned about whether or not it is due to breast cancer. If the differentiation between benign disease and breast cancer cannot be made on the basis of clinical findings, or if the clinical presentation is suspicious, imaging is indicated. The panel recommends the following approach to breast imaging in symptomatic men. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Oct 12;2018. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Endocrinology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal.

A 42-year-old African man presented with hypogonadic phenotypical features, including gynoid body distribution, gynaecomastia, absent facial and truncal hair and micropenis. He denied ever experiencing development of male secondary sex characteristics. Endocrine testing revealed hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and undetectable AMH. Read More