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Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2022 Mar-Apr;25(2):207-213. Epub 2022 Feb 8.

Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyse detailed clinical presentations, imaging findings, and outcome in a series of 17 cases ( = 17) with neurological complications following acute varicella infection.

Methods: It is an observational study on the patients who presented to the neurology outpatient department of our institute with neurological abnormalities following acute varicella infection within the last 3 months.

Results: Neuroimaging, either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, electroencephalography and nerve conduction studies were performed in all the patients along with other specialized investigations as per clinical context. Read More

J Belg Soc Radiol 2022 25;106(1):49. Epub 2022 May 25.

CHC Mont Legia, BE.

Guillain-Barre Syndrome is a rare cause of a walking disorder during childhood. MRI is a key role for diagnosis. Read More

Vaccine 2022 May 27;40(24):3305-3312. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada; Public Health Ontario, ON, Canada; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Background incidence rates are critical in pharmacovigilance to facilitate identification of vaccine safety signals. We estimated background incidence rates of 11 adverse events of special interest related to COVID-19 vaccines in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective observational study using linked health administrative databases for hospitalizations and emergency department visits among Ontario residents. Read More

Front Neurol 2022 28;13:850357. Epub 2022 Jan 28.

Department of Pediatrics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021. Read More

Arch Pediatr 2022 Apr 31;29(3):230-235. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Département de Neuroradiologie, CHU Gui de Chauliac, 34 295, Montpellier, France.

Background: The aim of this retrospective study is to explore the prognostic value of different contrast enhancement imaging patterns in childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome by comparing the clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic outcomes.

Methods: We included a total of 37 patients who were diagnosed and followed up by a pediatric neurology team at Montpellier University Hospital between 2000 and 2016. All images were reinterpreted by the first author and a senior pediatric neuroradiology staff member in two different sessions; in the case of disagreement, the expert's reading was considered. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2022 05 18;89(5):431. Epub 2022 Jan 18.

Pediatric Neurology Unit, Advanced Pediatric Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.

Front Neurol 2021 5;12:746389. Epub 2021 Nov 5.

Department of Pediatrics, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.

Few studies have examined the association between the rate of treatment response and the outcome of pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Therefore, our study aimed to identify treatment response in relation to the short-term outcomes of GBS. Further, we investigated its potential predictive value for prognosis. Read More

Iran J Child Neurol 2021 ;15(4):35-41

1.Pediatric Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center. Tehran University Medical Science. Tehran. Iran.

Objectives: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune-mediated disease of the peripheral nervous system affecting all age groups around the world. Although the pathogenesis and optimal treatment of GBS have not yet been completely identified, one of the most common infectious diseases to trigger the syndrome is cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. The GBS following CMV infection is rarely reported in childhood, and there have been no data on GBS with antecedent CMV infection in children in Iran. Read More

Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2021 Jul-Aug;24(4):542-546. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Background: Internationally approved electrodiagnostic criteria for Guillain Barre syndrome lack in children. We intended to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the currently available five electrophysiological criteria for childhood Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) at the time of sentinel assessment.

Methodology: In this single-center study, data of children diagnosed with GBS between January 2013 to December 2017 were retrieved. Read More

Neurologia (Engl Ed) 2021 Sep 23;36(7):525-530. Epub 2020 May 23.

Servicio de Neurología, Consorci Hospitalari de Vic, Vic, Barcelona, Spain.

Introduction: According to most studies, the incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome increases with age, with a peak incidence occurring between 70 and 80 years of age. The objective of this study is to describe the incidence (overall and by sex and age group) and clinical characteristics of Guillain-Barré syndrome in Osona (Barcelona, Spain).

Methods: We performed a retrospective, descriptive, population-based study covering the period 2003 to 2016. Read More

J Integr Neurosci 2021 Jun;20(2):509-513

Rheumatology Operative Unit, University Hospital "Policlinico-San Marco", 95123 Catania, Italy.

A short review on the clinical presentation of pediatrics cases of Bickerstaff brain encephalitis emphasizing the broad clinical spectrum of the disease. Cases of pediatric Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis collected on three electronic medical databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus Web of Science) are reviewed. The inclusion criteria of the cases were based on the clinical characteristics of the disorder in the pediatric age. Read More

Front Pediatr 2021 29;9:649053. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders (Chongqing), International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.

To delineate the comprehensive clinical features of anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome in childhood. The clinical data of children diagnosed with anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome at two Chinese tertiary pediatric neurology centers were collected and analyzed. We also conducted a systematic literature review on anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome in children. Read More

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2021 Feb;23(2):153-157

Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430016, China.

Objective: To study the clinical features of children with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and the significance of Brighton criteria in childhood GBS.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 72 children with GBS. Brighton criteria were used for the grading of diagnostic certainty (level 1 as the highest level, and level 4 as the lowest level). Read More

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2021 Mar 22;31:27-30. Epub 2021 Jan 22.

Division of Neurogenetics and Developmental Pediatrics, Children's National Hospital, Washington DC, USA.

We report a 5-year-old male with a PDHA1 variant who presented with alternating hemiplegia of childhood and later developed developmental regression, basal ganglia injury and episodic lactic acidosis. Enzyme assay in lymphocytes confirmed a diagnosis of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDC) deficiency. His mother who was heterozygous for the same variant suffered from ophthalmoplegia, chronic migraine and developed flaccid paralysis at 36 years of age. Read More

J Peripher Nerv Syst 2021 Mar 15;26(1):83-89. Epub 2021 Feb 15.

Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in children. The objective of this study was to investigate the preceding infections, clinical, serological and electrophysiological characteristics and outcome of childhood GBS in Bangladesh. We included 174 patients with GBS aged <18 years from a prospective cohort in Bangladesh between 2010 and 2018. Read More

Neuropediatrics 2021 02 27;52(1):19-26. Epub 2020 Oct 27.

Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Guillain-Barré's syndrome in childhood can follow an atypical course, increasing the challenges in diagnosis and decisions regarding immunomodulatory treatment. Here, we report the case of on a 13-year-old boy with acute onset Guillain-Barré's syndrome progressing over 40 days to a very severe, locked-in-like syndrome despite intensive immunomodulatory treatment. After a plateau phase lasting 3 months and characterized by fluctuating signs of ongoing inflammatory disease activity, we were prompted to perform repeated and maintenance immunomodulatory treatment, which resulted in a continuous and nearly complete recovery of function. Read More

J Immunol Methods 2021 01 16;488:112900. Epub 2020 Oct 16.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address:

Zika virus (ZIKV) has become a global public health issue due to its teratogenicity and ability to cause Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Although anti-ZIKV envelope protein neutralizing antibodies correlate with protection, the non-neutralizing function of ZIKV antibodies including antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) is incompletely understood. To study the role of ADCC antibodies during ZIKV infections, we generated a stably transfected, dual-reporter target cell line with inducible expression of a chimeric ZIKV prM-E protein on the cell surface as the target cell for the assay. Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2021 Sep-Oct;66(5):892-896. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.

A 13-year-old boy reported acute horizontal binocular diplopia and headache. Ten days before these symptoms he suffered from a gastrointestinal infection. Ophthalmological examination revealed bilateral ophthalmoparesis and diffuse hyporeflexia. Read More

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2020 Sep;22(9):970-974

Department of Electrophysiology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430016, China.

Objective: To study the association of motor nerve conduction block (CB) with different subtypes of childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and nerve electrophysiological data of 50 children with GBS. According to the results of nerve electrophysiology, the children were divided into an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) group with 29 children and an acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) group with 21 children. Read More

Cureus 2020 Aug 10;12(8):e9645. Epub 2020 Aug 10.

Pediatric Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Pensacola, USA.

Synchronous occurrence of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and acute transverse myelitis (ATM) happens very rarely in childhood. Only a few cases of these conditions occurring simultaneously have been reported and represent a diagnostic challenge. We describe a case of a 17-year-old male presenting with acute onset of bilateral symmetrical numbness and tingling starting in the feet that rapidly ascended to the legs with associated motor weakness, associated with a sensory level and urinary retention. Read More

Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2021 21;169(1):62-68. Epub 2020 Jul 21.

Deutsche Akademie für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin e. V., Chausseestr. 128/129, 10115 Berlin, Deutschland.

Vaccinations are often administered at an age when many neurological diseases of childhood and adolescence also occur. Febrile seizures may occur following vaccination in patients with an appropriate genetic predisposition. The occurrence of narcolepsy has been described more frequently after pandemic influenza A-H1N1 vaccinations. Read More

Value Health 2020 07 29;23(7):969-976. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; ICES, Toronto, ON, Canada; Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Objectives: In this systematic review, we synthesize the current evidence on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for the two of the most relevant outcomes of Zika virus infection in humans, microcephaly and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS).

Methods: We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, WHO's ICTRP clinical trials registries database and PROSPERO. Search terms included quality of life, microcephaly, and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Read More

Auto Immun Highlights 2020 Dec 29;11(1). Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Pediatric Neurology, Mofid Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: CD59 deficiency is a congenital mutation disorder in complement pathway which can present with various manifestations.

Case Presentation: Herein, we presented an adolescent 16-years-old girl with recurrent attacks of Guillain-Barre in early childhood and then recurrent attacks of angioedema, paresthesia, and myelitis. Finally, she presented with quadriplegia, malar rash, proteinuria, lymphopenia, and high titer of antinuclear antibody. Read More

Pediatr Neurol 2020 06 4;107:57-63. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome is the most common cause of acute flaccid paresis in childhood. Few validated large-scale population-based data are available concerning pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome, including incidence, risk factors, and initial clinical characteristics.

Methods: In the Danish National Patient Registry, we identified all children aged below 16 years (N = 212) diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome and admitted to any Danish department of pediatrics between 1987 and 2016. Read More

Turk J Pediatr 2019 ;61(2):200-208

Department of Pediatric Neurology, İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.

Kılıç B, Güngör S, Özgör B. Clinical, electrophysiological findings and evaluation of prognosis of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Turk J Pediatr 2019; 61: 200-208. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2020 Feb 10;19(2):1091-1094. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan.

Childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) occasionally leads to respiratory failure early after onset, requiring long-term ventilation management after tracheal intubation. However, patients requiring tracheostomy management are rare. In the present study, a case of a 12-year-old boy with GBS who required artificial respiration management due to rapid progression of respiratory muscle paralysis is reported. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2020 02;118(1):e48-e52

Clínica ambulatoria. Hospital de Pediatría S. A. M. I. C. "Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan".

Guillain-Barré syndrome is an entity of diverse etiology, characterized by acute, symmetric, ascending and progressive muscle weakness, being one of the most frequent acquired polyneuropathies in childhood. Neuropathies produced by heavy metals, mercury and lead, and metalloids, such as arsenic, organophosphorus pesticides and carbon tetrachloride, should be considered among the differential diagnoses. We present a 14-year-old patient with a presumptive diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome without response to conventional treatment with gamma globulin. Read More

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020 Mar 7;25:5-16. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

Department of Neuropediatrics, UMC, LMU Munich, Germany.

This evidence- and consensus-based practical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in childhood and adolescence has been developed by a group of delegates from relevant specialist societies and organisations; it is the result of an initiative by the German-Speaking Society of Neuropediatrics (GNP), and is supported by the Association of Scientific Medical Societies (AWMF, Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften). A systematic analysis of the literature revealed that only a few adequately-controlled studies exist for this particular age group, while none carries a low risk of bias. For this reason, the diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations largely rely on findings in adult patients with GBS, for which there are a higher number of suitable studies available. Read More

Viruses 2019 09 21;11(10). Epub 2019 Sep 21.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.

For the first 60 years following its isolation, Zika virus (ZIKV) remained a relatively poorly described member of the family. However, since 2007, it has caused a series of increasingly severe outbreaks and is now associated with neurological symptoms such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). A number of reports have improved our understanding of rare complications that may be associated with ZIKV infection in adults, the areas of the body to which it spreads, and viral persistence in various tissues. Read More

JAMA Neurol 2019 Oct;76(10):1240-1251

Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University "Federico II" of Naples, Naples, Italy.

Importance: Small-fiber polyneuropathy involves preferential damage to the thinly myelinated A-delta fibers, unmyelinated C sensory fibers, or autonomic or trophic fibers. Although this condition is common, most patients still remain undiagnosed and untreated because of lagging medical and public awareness of research advances. Chronic bilateral neuropathic pain, fatigue, and nausea are cardinal symptoms that can cause disability and dependence, including pain medication dependence. Read More