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J Med Virol 2021 May 15. Epub 2021 May 15.

Disciplina de Neurociência, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, Brasil.

With interest we read the article by Manganotti et al. about five COVID-19 patients who developed Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) 14-33 days after onset of the viral infection. This article is protected by copyright. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2021 May 7. Epub 2021 May 7.

From the Medical Residence Program, Fundação de Beneficência Hospital de Cirurgia Neuroimmunology Clinic, Federal University of Sergipe Department of Medicine, Tiradentes University, Aracaju Health Foundation Parreiras Horta, Central Laboratory of Public Health (LACEN/SE), Sergipe State Health Secretariat Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe Investigative Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.

Underlying mechanisms on the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and neurological complications are still poorly understood. Cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) have been linked to the SARS-CoV-2 infection as the result of dysregulated immune response with damage in neuronal tissues. In the current report, we present the first pediatric case of GBS with detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CFS). Read More

Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2021 7;8(4):002418. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Critical Care, CHR Haute Senne, Soignies, Belgium.

Multiple neurological complications including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) have been associated with COVID-19. We describe a case of GBS related to SARS-CoV-2 infection with an unusual presentation beginning with mobilization problems at home without previous classic respiratory or general manifestations. Asymptomatic infection with COVID-19 can lead to critical situations with respiratory insufficiency because of neurological complications such as GBS. Read More

Cureus 2021 Apr 9;13(4):e14391. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

Internal Medicine, St. Francis Medical Center, Trenton, USA.

March 11, 2020 marked the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, was being reported as a severe respiratory illness. However, since the recognition of this novel virus, there has been a constant realization that it may present or manifest in a multitude of ways. Read More

J Neurol Res 2020 Aug 23;10(4):107-112. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic that has so far affected 216 countries and more than 5 million individuals worldwide. The infection is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While pulmonary manifestations are the most common, neurological features are increasingly being recognized as common manifestations of the COVID-19, especially in the cases of severe infection. Read More

J Neurol Res 2020 Oct 4;10(5):164-172. Epub 2020 Sep 4.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease caused by a new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been associated with many neurological symptoms. The purpose of this article is to describe the neurological manifestations so far reported and their probable pathogenesis. We conducted a literature review on EMBASE, MEDLINE and SCIELO databases using the terms "COVID-19", "COVID", "neurological", "neurologic", "manifestations", "implications", "Guillain-Barre syndrome", "encephalopathy". Read More

J Neurol Res 2020 Dec 9;10(6):235-236. Epub 2020 Dec 9.

Department of Neurology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA.

Multiple recent publications have reported numerous neurologic complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Among these is Guillain-Barre syndrome and its variants, including facial diplegia. In this case we present a patient with facial diplegia following a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Read More

Can J Neurol Sci 2021 May 12:1-6. Epub 2021 May 12.

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 11;14(5). Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Neurosciences, Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rise in cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). This autoimmune sequela is a manifestation of the neurotropism potential of the virus. At present, knowledge regarding the pathophysiology, clinical features, management and outcomes of the condition is still evolving. Read More

Autoimmun Rev 2021 May 7:102841. Epub 2021 May 7.

Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

J Peripher Nerv Syst 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.

Background: There have been no published studies examining the epidemiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in large populations in Thailand.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the incidence, patient characteristics, seasonality, treatments, and outcomes of GBS in Thailand.

Methods: The National Health Security Office (NHSO) provided data on in-patient admission between fiscal year 2005 and 2017. Read More

IDCases 2021 30;24:e01143. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Division of Infectious Disease, Medicine Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, United States.

Safety monitoring is of paramount importance for vaccines authorized for emergent use (EUA) by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) against SARS-CoV-2. Mass immunization is an essential tool to end the current pandemic, but vaccine surveillance is necessary to identify any potentially associated harms. At the same time, probability of temporal bias should be borne in mind before making conclusions about causality between the vaccine and an attributable undesired effect. Read More

Neurol Clin Pract 2021 Feb;11(1):18-24

Lane Fox Respiratory Service (MCFC, NH, MRBE, JES, RSH), St. Thomas' Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS (Foundation) Trust; Lane Fox Clinical Respiratory Physiology Research Centre (MCFC, PBM, NH), St. Thomas' Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS (Foundation) Trust; Department of Neurology (MRBE, JES), St. Thomas' Hospital, Guy's & St. Thomas' NHS (Foundation) Trust, London, United Kingdom; and Central Clinical School (MCFC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia.

Background: Recovery from Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) may be protracted, and patients may need prolonged ventilatory support. We present clinical data from a tertiary referral weaning center managing patients with GBS requiring prolonged ventilatory support.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients managed in a 34-bed specialist ventilator weaning facility in London, United Kingdom, between 2006 and 2017. Read More

Egypt J Neurol Psychiatr Neurosurg 2021 4;57(1):55. Epub 2021 May 4.

Disciplina de Neurociência. Universidade Federal de São Paulo/Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, Brazil.

This review summarises and discusses recent findings concerning the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of SARS-CoV-2-associated Guillain-Barre syndrome (SC2-GBS). By the end of December 2020, at least 220 patients with SC2-GBS have been published in 95 papers. SC2-GBS is most likely secondary due to an immune reaction against SARS-CoV-2 since the virus has not been found in the CSF of any SC2-GBS patient so far reported. Read More

Vaccine 2021 May 4. Epub 2021 May 4.

Global Clinical and Epidemiology R&D, GSK, 1101 CL Amsterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address:

The study investigated the safety of 4-component meningococcal serogroup B vaccination (4CMenB) in routine care. 4CMenB exposure and seizures, febrile seizures and Kawasaki disease were identified from The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database of UK electronic primary healthcare records, 2015-2018. A self-controlled case series analysis was completed. Read More

Liver Int 2021 May 7. Epub 2021 May 7.

Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Wilhelmstrasse 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.

The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the main causes of acute hepatitis and the de facto global burden is underestimated. HEV-related clinical complications are often undetected and are not considered in the differential diagnosis. Convincing findings from studies suggest that HEV is clinically relevant not only in developing countries but also in industrialized countries. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2021 Apr 28;356:577590. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. Electronic address:

A 50-years old male presented with quadriplegia and paresthesia and was diagnosed as Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). He was found positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) six weeks prior to the onset of weakness. GBS disability score was 4. Read More

MMWR Recomm Rep 2021 05 7;70(2):1-30. Epub 2021 May 7.

Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, CDC.

Botulism is a rare, neurotoxin-mediated, life-threatening disease characterized by flaccid descending paralysis that begins with cranial nerve palsies and might progress to extremity weakness and respiratory failure. Botulinum neurotoxin, which inhibits acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, is produced by the anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium Clostridium botulinum and, rarely, by related species (C. baratii and C. Read More

Exp Clin Transplant 2021 May 6. Epub 2021 May 6.

From the Department of General Surgery, Post Graduate institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.

Guillain-Barre syndrome is an acute immune-mediated demyelinating, polyneuropathy, which is usually provoked by a preceding infection. Guillain-Barre syndrome lies within the spectrum of disimmune neuropathies and usually occurs in immunocompromised patients because it is theoretically contradictory. Guillain-Barre syndrome in liver transplant recipients has been rarely reported. Read More

J Med Virol 2021 May 5. Epub 2021 May 5.

Rehabilitation Unit, Maggiore City Hospital Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, ASUGI, 34149, Trieste, Italy.

This case series describes three patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 who developed polyradiculoneuritis as a probable neurological complication of COVID-19. A diagnosis of Guillain Barré syndrome was made on the basis of clinical symptoms, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and electroneurography (ENG). In all of them therapeutic approach included the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (0. Read More

J Clin Immunol 2021 May 5. Epub 2021 May 5.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.

Can J Neurol Sci 2021 May 5:1-35. Epub 2021 May 5.

Eur J Neurol 2021 May 5. Epub 2021 May 5.

Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China.

Background: To investigate geographical differences in clinical features of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) from local Eastern China and other areas.

Methods: A total of 595 patients fulfilling GBS and variants were included from two large hospitals located in Eastern China. Data collection included demographics, antecedent events, clinical presentation and signs, electrophysiological subtypes, treatment, complications during hospitalization, clinical severity at nadir and outcome at 12 months and were compared to the Southern China study and the Europe/Americas part of International GBS Outcome Study. Read More

Cureus 2021 Mar 31;13(3):e14209. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.

Multiple neurological complications, including Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), have been reported in association with the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak. GBS has well-known associations with viruses such as influenza, human immunodeficiency virus, Zika, severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus. Till date, there have been around 50 distinct published cases of GBS occurring concurrently or shortly after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Read More

J Peripher Nerv Syst 2021 May 4. Epub 2021 May 4.

Department of Neurology, Clinical Professor of Neurology, Hospital de Clínicas, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune peripheral inflammatory neuropathy and the most frequent cause of non-poliovirus acute flaccid paralysis worldwide. Background annual GBS incidence rates (IRs) in Latin America (LA) varies from 0.40 to 2. Read More

World Neurosurg 2021 May;149:296-297

Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences, and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. Electronic address: