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Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2021 Oct-Dec;17(4):517-520

Gauhati Medical College and Hospital - Dept. of Endocrinology, Guwahati, Assam, India.

Resistant Graves' disease in pregnancy is a rare entity. The clinical situation poses immense difficulty to the treating endocrinologist and obstetrician in optimizing maternal and fetal heath. No guidelines till date are available to manage resistant Grave's disease in pregnancy. Read More

J Pers Med 2022 Jun 6;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.

Graves' orbitopathy (GO) leads to increased orbital tissue and causes symptoms such as exophthalmos, functional complaints, or dysthyroid optic neuropathy. Different GO types with fat and/or muscle enlargement were identified, and increased muscle appears to particularly influence visual status and treatment response. The current study examines visual parameters dependent on orbital muscle volume fraction in a surgically treated GO cohort. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2022 Jun 15;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 10 63-ro, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07345, Korea.

Differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis is essential because therapeutic approaches differ based on disease etiology. We aimed to perform differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis using machine learning algorithms with initial laboratory findings. This is a retrospective study through medical records. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 Jun 23. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.

Context: TSH-receptor antibodies (TRAb) are important when distinguishing between Graves' and gestational hyperthyroidism, but sparse evidence exists on the recommended cut-off in pregnancy.

Objective: To establish a method- and pregnancy-specific cut-off for TRAb, to describe the frequency of TRAb positivity in early pregnancy, and to follow up the women in the years after pregnancy.

Design: Cohort study. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2022 ;2508:79-99

Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Understanding the modes and mechanisms of tumor cell invasion is key to developing targeted therapies against metastatic disease. In vitro assays modeling tumor progression have primarily been optimized for studying classical single-cell migration through an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Although experimental and clinical histopathological evidence has revealed that tumor invasion is plastic and that epithelial carcinomas can invade by a range of modes that vary from single, mesenchyme-like cells, all the way to cohesive, collective units, few in vitro assays have been designed to assess these modes specifically. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 6;13:824124. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Pathology Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a form of kidney disease that is idiopathic in 70%-80% of cases. Glomerular involvement in autoimmune thyroiditis can occur in 10%-30% of patients, and MN manifests in association with Hashimoto thyroiditis in up to 20% of the cases with glomerular involvement. Reports of MN associated with Graves' disease (GD) are extremely rare in the current literature. Read More

J Occup Environ Med 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of Thyroid Diseases (TD) on patients' work ability (WA) and related influencing factors.

Methods: 150 TD workers and matched controls were enrolled from May 2020 to November 2021. The Work Ability Index (WAI) was employed to assess the workers' perception of WA. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 Jun 21;12(6):e050337. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Inje University College of Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea (the Republic of)

Objectives: The clinical course of thyroid eye disease (TED) is heterogeneous and predicting patients who may develop the severe sequelae of the disease is difficult. In this study, we evaluated the longitudinal association between changes in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody (TRAb) levels and course of disease activity and severity over time.

Design: This was a multicentre, prospective, observational study. Read More

N Z Med J 2022 Feb 4;135(1549):43-49. Epub 2022 Feb 4.

FRACS, Breast, Endocrine, Laparoscopic and Melanoma Surgeon, Department of General Surgery, Waitematā DHB, Auckland.

Aim: To describe indications and outcomes of total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease in a large New Zealand endocrine surgery unit, and to compare these results to international studies.

Methods: We analysed a prospectively collected database to describe the indications and outcomes of surgery for Graves' disease between December 2001 and January 2021.

Results: Among 64 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy at our tertiary centre for Graves' hyperthyroidism, Graves' ophthalmopathy and patient preference/aversion to radioactive iodine were the most common indications for surgery. Read More

Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022 Jun 21. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey.

Background: The response against adjuvants in vaccines is presented as autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome (ASIA). In this case report, we presented both SAT and Graves' disease in a patient as ASIA following the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.

Case Presentation: A 31-year-old woman was admitted to the endocrinology outpatient clinic with the complaint of neck pain following the second dose of the BNT162B2 SARS-CoV-2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccine. Read More

Ann Palliat Med 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.

Background: Hyperthyroidism after total thyroidectomy is extremely rare. No studies have investigated hyperthyroidism during multiple kinase inhibitor treatment for advanced thyroid carcinoma.

Case Description: A 57-year-old man with a history of radioactive iodine refracted thyroid follicular carcinoma presented to our hospital with back pain. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2022 Jun 20:1-5. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia, Italy.

Background: Graves' disease occurrence during pregnancy is not a frequent event, showing an incidence of 0.2-0.4% in unselected pregnant women. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 31;13:841888. Epub 2022 May 31.

Institute of Automation and Control, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.

Background: Methimazole (MMI) is the first-line treatment for patients with Graves' disease (GD). While there are empirical recommendations for initial MMI doses, there is no clear guidance for subsequent MMI dose titrations. We aimed to (a) develop a mathematical model capturing the dynamics of free thyroxine (FT4) during MMI treatment (b), validate this model by use of numerical simulation in comparison with real-life patient data (c), develop the software application Digital Thyroid (DigiThy) serving either as a practice tool for treating virtual patients or as a decision support system with dosing recommendations for MMI, and (d) validate this software framework by comparing the efficacy of its MMI dosing recommendations with that from clinical endocrinologists. Read More

Pediatr Qual Saf 2022 May-Jun;7(3):e568. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Pediatric Endocrinology, Emory University SOM, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA.

Introduction: To illustrate how quality improvement can produce unexpected positive outcomes.

Methods: We compared a retrospective review of perioperative management and outcomes of baseline 122 pediatric total thyroidectomies to 121 subsequent total thyroidectomies managed by an Electronic Medical Record protocol in a large, free-standing children's healthcare system. Process measures included serum calcium measurement 6-12 hours postoperatively; parathyroid hormone measurement 6 hours postoperatively; preoperative iodine for Graves disease, and postoperative prophylactic calcium carbonate administration. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 26;13:879824. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai, China.

Background: Although the pathogenetic mechanisms of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) have been elucidated, the molecular mechanisms by which the abnormal immune function of cellular subpopulations trigger an autoimmune attack on thyroid tissue largely remains unexplained.

Methods: The study included 2 HT patients, 2 GD patients, and 1 control donor. The thyroid samples were extracted for single-cell RNA sequencing, whole transcriptome, full-length transcriptome (Oxford Nanopore Technologies), and metabolome sequencing. Read More

Front Neurol 2022 3;13:824926. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system that causes significant disability and healthcare burden. The treatment of MS has evolved over the past three decades with development of new, high efficacy disease modifying therapies targeting various mechanisms including immune modulation, immune cell suppression or depletion and enhanced immune cell sequestration. Emerging therapies include CNS-penetrant Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation as well as therapies aimed at remyelination or neuroprotection. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 14;14(5):e24992. Epub 2022 May 14.

Basic Sciences, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK.

Background Radioactive iodine (RAI) is the treatment of choice for most patients with primary hyperthyroidism. The most common etiologies of hyperthyroidism are Graves' disease (GD), toxic adenoma (TA), and toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG). A single dose of RAI is usually sufficient to cure hyperthyroidism. Read More

J Int AIDS Soc 2022 Jun;25(6):e25952

Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Introduction: Mentor Mothers (MM) provide peer support to pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV (PPWH) and their infants with perinatal HIV exposure (IPE) throughout the cascade of prevention of vertical transmission (PVT) services. MM were implemented in Zambézia Province, Mozambique starting in August 2017. This evaluation aimed to determine the effect of MM on PVT outcomes. Read More

J Endocrinol Invest 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, Seville, Spain.

Objectives: Graves' disease induced by Alemtuzumab (GD-IA) is one of the most frequently observed adverse events in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with this drug. The aim of this study is the sequencing and description of these events, along with the identification of the risk factors leading to their development.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study identifying patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and GD-IA, studying their baseline clinical features and variables related to the natural history of the disease. Read More

Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey.

Backround: A considerable number of COVID-19 vaccines became available following the outbreak. Yet, various inflammatory and autoimmune complications have been reported following vaccination. We aimed to report the case of a type 1 diabetic patient converting from Hashimoto's thyroiditis to Graves' disease after the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccine, thought to trigger an autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA syndrome). Read More

Sci Total Environ 2022 Jun 13:156699. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Urban-living wildlife can be exposed to metal contaminants dispersed into the environment through industrial, residential, and agricultural applications. Metal exposure carries lethal and sublethal consequences for animals; in particular, heavy metals (e.g. Read More

Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is a successful therapeutic modality for Graves' disease. However, RAI therapy can fail, and RAI therapy after antithyroid drugs (ATDs) has a lower remission rate. Therefore, many patients require repeated RAI therapy. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 06 16;6:CD009226. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Moorfields and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology BMRC, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Background: Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is the most frequent extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease, affecting up to 50% of patients. It has a great impact on quality of life. Rituximab (RTX) is a human/murine chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 receptor on B-lymphocytes. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 30;9:920688. Epub 2022 May 30.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence, clinical ocular presentation and corneal healing in moderate and severe neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) caused by systemic diseases and treated with rh-NGF.

Setting: Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Italy.

Design: Retrospective observational study of case series. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 30;13:900791. Epub 2022 May 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Periostin is a matricellular protein that is ubiquitously expressed in normal human tissues and is involved in pathologic mechanism of chronic inflammatory and fibrotic disease. In this study we investigate periostin in the pathogenesis of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) using human orbital adipose tissue obtained from surgery and primary cultured orbital fibroblasts . POSTN (gene encoding periostin) expression in Graves' orbital tissues and healthy control tissues was studied, and the role of periostin in GO pathologic mechanism was examined through small-interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 12;14(5):e24954. Epub 2022 May 12.

Department of Internal Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, SAU.

Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is commonly associated with hyperthyroidism secondary to Graves' disease (GD). Although rare, there have been case reports of it occurring in patients who are hypothyroid with underlying Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), as well as in euthyroid patients. Below, we describe a case of GO developing in a patient who has hypothyroidism secondary to HT successfully treated with high-dose steroids. Read More

Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022 Jun 15. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.

Objective: To assess the initial features and evolution of neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (neuro-PASC) in patients with and without prior neurologic disease.

Methods: Participants with neurologic symptoms following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited from October 9, 2020 to October 11, 2021. Clinical data included a SARS-CoV-2 infection history, neurologic review of systems, neurologic exam, Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), and symptom-based self-reported surveys at baseline (conducted after acute infection) and 6-month follow-up assessments. Read More

J Nucl Med Technol 2022 Jun 14. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, United States.

The 2018 FDA approval of Lu-DOTATATE for the treatment of somatostatin receptor-positive (SSTR) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represents a paradigm shifting approach to cancer treatments around the globe. Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) NETs overexpress the somatostatin subtype receptor 2, which is now exploited for receptor-based imaging and therapy, thus generating significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of this orphan disease. The recent FDA approval of receptor-based PET radiopharmaceuticals and a new peptide receptor radiopharmaceutical therapy (PRRT), Lu-DOTATATE, has dramatically impacted NET patient management. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 13;14(5):e24972. Epub 2022 May 13.

Medicine, American University of Antigua, New York City, USA.

Graves' disease is a commonly diagnosed disease with a plethora of manifestations that can lead to its diagnosis. One of the rarer presentations of Graves' disease is hypercoagulability with the development of spontaneous venous thrombosis. In patients presenting with unprovoked pulmonary embolism, we suggest evaluating the patient's thyroid function tests as a potential underlying cause. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2022 Jun 13;22(1):157. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Tamba Medical Center, Tamba, Japan.

Background: On rare occasions, there can be a transition from Hashimoto's to Graves' disease. However, there are no reported cases of transition from Hashimoto's to Graves' disease triggered by the onset of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Case Presentation: Sixteen years prior, a 55-year-old woman was diagnosed with Hashimoto's disease and followed up without medication. Read More