Sci Rep 2017 Aug 15;7(1):8301. Epub 2017 Aug 15.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.

Rapid iodine-131((131)I) turnover in the thyroid gland is an important feature of Graves' disease (GD) and also a strong predictor of radioiodine therapy failure. The aim of this study was to explore the predictors of rapid (131)I turnover. The clinical data on 2543 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2017 (8):13-17

Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ryazan, Russia.

Aim: To analyze long-term outcomes of Graves' disease management.

Material And Methods: There were 428 patients for the periods 2000-2004 and 2005-2010. Patients were called for examination and thyroid status control. Read More

Thyroid 2017 Aug 12. Epub 2017 Aug 12.

College of Medicine, Hallym University, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon-Si, Korea, Republic of ;

Background: This study aimed to explore relation of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) to clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients newly diagnosed with Graves' disease (GD) without or with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), and to analyze association of IgG4 with development and grade of GO in GD patients.

Methods: Sixty-four GD patients and 64 sex- and age-matched euthyroid subjects were enrolled. Serum levels of thyroid hormones, thyroid autoantibodies, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG4 were measured, and ophthalmological and ultrasonographical evaluation was performed. Read More

Swiss Med Wkly 2017 Aug 14;147:w14476. Epub 2017 Aug 14.

Medical University Department, Clinic for Medical University Department, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Kantonsspital Aarau, Switzerland; Medical Faculty of the University of Basel, Switzerland.

Although Graves' disease has been recognised for more than 100 years, its physiopathological mechanisms are incompletely understood. Treatment strategies today mainly focus on suppression of thyroid hormone production by use of antithyroid drugs or radio-iodine, but neglect the underlying immunological mechanisms. Although Graves' disease is often seen as a prototype for an autoimmune mechanism, it is more likely to be a heterogeneous syndrome showing characteristics of both autoimmunity and immunodeficiency. Read More

Thyroid Res 2017 8;10. Epub 2017 Aug 8.

Kuma Hospital, Centre for Excellence in Thyroid Care, 8-2-35 Shimoyamate-dori, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0011 Japan.

Background: Pregnancy and delivery markedly influence thyroid function. However, the comparative prevalence of gestational thyrotoxicosis (GT), new onset of Graves' disease during pregnancy (GD during pregnancy), postpartum destructive thyrotoxicosis (PPT), and postpartum Graves' thyrotoxicosis (PPGD) has not yet been determined.

Methods: We prospectively registered and performed a review of 4127 consecutive non treated female patients with thyrotoxicosis, seen between August 2008 and December 2013 in our outpatient clinic of Kuma Hospital. Read More

Trop Med Health 2017 4;45:22. Epub 2017 Aug 4.

Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine and College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia.

Background: In 2000, American Samoa had 16.5% prevalence of lymphatic filariasis (LF) antigenemia. Annual mass drug administration (MDA) was conducted using single-dose albendazole plus diethylcarbamazine from 2000 to 2006. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2017 25;11:1337-1345. Epub 2017 Jul 25.

Thyroid Research Laboratory, Sydney Medical School - Nepean Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Kingswood, NSW, Australia.

Background: Our studies over recent years have focused on some new ideas concerning the pathogenesis for the orbital reaction that characterizes Graves' ophthalmopathy namely, that there are antigens expressed by thyroid tissue and orbital tissue where they are targeted by autoantibodies and/or sensitized T cells, leading to orbital inflammation. While this has been well studied for the thyroid stimulating hormone-receptor, the possible role of another major thyroid antigen, Thyroglobulin (TG), has been largely ignored.

Methods: We identified novel variant 1623 A/G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs180195) in the promoter of TG gene associated with autoimmune thyroid disorders. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2017 Aug 9. Epub 2017 Aug 9.

Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an autoimmune condition with an unpredictable course that may lead to permanent facial disfigurement. Eyelid retraction is one of the most common findings, and frequently demands attention due to ocular exposure and impaired cosmesis. Surgical treatment remains the most effective option, but there is a role for temporary corrections during the active phase of the disease, as well as in patients who are poor surgical candidates. Read More

Avicenna J Med 2017 Jul-Sep;7(3):125-129

Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Objective: The endeavor of the study was to analyze the posttreatment (postradioactive iodine therapy [RAI]) conditions of thyrotoxic patients in a tertiary level hospital.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of 186 patients was conducted from 2012 to 2014 in Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Campus. Patients' information regarding the etiologies and their disease status after getting RAI therapy was recorded. Read More

Eur Thyroid J 2017 Jul 14;6(3):167-170. Epub 2017 Mar 14.

Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

Tremelimumab and ipilimumab are monoclonal antibodies directed against the extracellular domain of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and have been used as immunotherapies against immune checkpoints that suppress T-cell activation. Anti-CTLA-4 antibody-based therapies have been shown to be effective in treating various cancers including metastatic melanoma. However, a few immune-related adverse events including hypophysitis and thyroid disorder have been reported, mostly developed within the first year of receiving treatment. Read More

Eur Thyroid J 2017 Jul 5;6(3):152-159. Epub 2017 Jan 5.

Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Pôle Cardio-Vasculaire et Métabolique, CHU Larrey, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.

Background: Considerable variations in diagnosis and therapeutic practices are reported for hyperthyroidism (HT) between countries.

Methods: A clinical study was conducted among a representative sample of 263 endocrinologists in France. All consecutive patients seen for HT during the study period were included. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017 21;8:175. Epub 2017 Jul 21.

Department of Internal Medicine, Archet-1 Hospital, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease that manifests as recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis and/or pregnancy-related complications in the presence of persistent antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies measured at least 3 months apart. APS occurs either as a primary condition or as a part of an underlying disorder, usually systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Otherwise, APS may be frequently associated with autoimmune disorders. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2017 Aug 19;5(8):1226-1229. Epub 2017 Jun 19.

Macarthur Diabetes and Endocrine CentreCampbelltown HospitalCampbelltownNew South WalesAustralia.

Given the immune background, we hypothesize that active Grave's hyperthyroidism is a risk factor for an acute phase reaction associated with the use of bisphosphonates. We recommend that in patients with Graves' thyrotoxicosis and hypercalcemia, consider the risk of an acute phase reaction if planning to give bisphosphonate therapy. Read More

Biomed Rep 2017 Aug 21;7(2):183-187. Epub 2017 Jun 21.

Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210012, P.R. China.

Hyperthyroidism causes impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion. However, the glucose variability affected by thyroid dysfunction remains unclear. Glucose variability was assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in a non-diabetic patient with Graves' disease (GD), to the best of our knowledge, for the first time. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2017 Aug 7;18:865-870. Epub 2017 Aug 7.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas "Jose de San Martin", University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

BACKGROUND Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TM), also called stress myocardiopathy or transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome, is characterized by acute left ventricular dysfunction with reversible wall motion abnormalities. TM resembles acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the absence of coronary artery disease (CAD). In several reports, TM has been described in association with hyperthyroidism, suggesting the potential role of thyrotoxicosis in the pathophysiology. Read More

Intern Med 2017 Aug 1;56(16):2175-2180. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Ohme Municipal General Hospital, Japan.

We herein report the case of a Japanese woman with familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) who was initially diagnosed with Graves' disease. Direct genomic sequencing revealed a guanine to cytosine transition in the second nucleotide of codon 218 in exon 7 of the albumin gene, which then caused a proline to arginine substitution. She was finally diagnosed with FDH, which did not require treatment. Read More

Intern Med 2017 Aug 1;56(16):2139-2143. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.

We herein report a child case of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) accompanied with Graves' disease. Elevated aminotransferase levels were found in a 12-year-old Japanese girl with Graves' disease. In her first liver biopsy, necrosis and inflammation was limited to the centrilobular area, while the second biopsy showed different findings. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2017 Aug 4. Epub 2017 Aug 4.

Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China.

This study aimed to investigate the correlation of CTLA-4 exon-1 49 A/G and promoter region-318 C/T polymorphisms with the therapeutic efficacy of radionuclide (131) I for Graves' disease in Chinese Han population. The (131) I radionuclide therapy was applied in 261 patients with Graves' disease. The patients were classified into the remission and non-remission groups. Read More

Expert Rev Ophthalmol 2017 27;12(2):111-121. Epub 2017 Jan 27.

Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195.

Introduction: Dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) is a severe manifestation of thyroid eye disease (TED) that can result in permanent vision loss. Management is complex, multidisciplinary, and involves medical and/or surgical therapies. This review describes current concepts in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of DON. Read More

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2017 Aug 3. Epub 2017 Aug 3.

.

Background: Fetal goitrous hypothyroidism is mainly caused by maternal treatment of Graves' disease. Fetal goiter sometimes compresses the trachea and esophagus and may cause polyhydramnios, preterm labor, complications of labor and delivery, and neonatal respiratory disorder.

Case Presentation: We report a case of fetal goitrous hypothyroidism in which the mother had Graves' disease, which was treated with propylthiouracil. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2017 Jul;67(7):1104-1106

Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) usually occurs in a close temporal relationship with hyperthyroidism. It is rare in patients with normal thyroid function (euthyroid GO) and in patients with hypothyroid forms of thyroid autoimmune diseases (hypothyroid GO). We report a 52-years old man presenting in our endocrine clinic with diagnosed primary hypothyroidism 3 months back during evaluation for glaucoma. Read More

Endocr J 2017 Aug 2. Epub 2017 Aug 2.

Kuma Hospital, Center for Excellence in Thyroid Care, Kobe 650-0011, Japan.

It is generally believed that the detection of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) is superior to that of thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) for the diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. However, limited data are available on the comparison of TgAb and TPOAb prevalence as a diagnostic measurement for Hashimoto's thyroiditis using sensitive immunoassays. We herein used five different current immunoassay kits (A-E) to compare the prevalence of TgAb and TPOAb in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n = 70), Graves' disease (n = 70), painless thyroiditis (n = 50), and healthy control subjects (n = 100). Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Aug;96(31):e7700

Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Graves disease is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis. Although medical intervention with antithyroid drugs (ATDs) is commonly the first choice of treatment in Korea, the remission rate associated with this approach is not satisfactory. During ATD therapy, low or undetectable serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibodies (TRAbs) have been reported to affect the incidence of Graves disease remission. Read More

Int J Gynecol Cancer 2017 Aug 1. Epub 2017 Aug 1.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prentice Women's Hospital, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare overall survival (OS) of women with advanced ovarian cancer treated with primary debulking surgery (PDS) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using a large national cohort.

Methods: The 1998-2011 National Cancer Database was queried to identify women with stage III or IV ovarian cancer treated with multiagent chemotherapy and stage-appropriate surgery. Overall survival was estimated and compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis between women who received PDS followed by multiagent chemotherapy or NAC followed by interval surgery. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2017 Jul 29. Epub 2017 Jul 29.

Thyroid Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.

Background: Clinically significant Graves' orbitopathy (GO) develops in about 25% of those with Graves' disease (GD); most cases of GD in the UK are managed by endocrinologists. Despite this, patients report significant delays before a diagnosis of GO is made. Measures to increase awareness of the early signs of GO and establishing a fast-track referral pathway to specialist care should overcome these delays and potentially improve outcomes. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017 13;8:169. Epub 2017 Jul 13.

Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France.

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are the result of specific immune responses directed against structures of the self. In normal conditions, the molecules recognized as "self" are tolerated by immune system, but when the self-tolerance is lost, the immune system could react against molecules from the body, causing the loss of self-tolerance, and subsequently the onset of AID that differs for organ target and etiology. Autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is caused by the development of autoimmunity against thyroid antigens and comprises Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves disease. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017 13;8:166. Epub 2017 Jul 13.

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

The year following parturition is a critical time for the de novo appearance or exacerbation of autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune thyroid disease. The vast majority of postpartum thyroid disease consists of postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) and the minority by Graves' disease and non-autoimmune thyroiditis. PPT has a worldwide prevalence ranging from 1 to 22% and averaging 5% based on a review published in 2012. Read More

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2017 Jul 27. Epub 2017 Jul 27.

Immunoendocrinology and Osteoporosis Centre, EndoMed, Bem tér 18/C., Debrecen, Hungary.

Graves' ophthalmopathy is characterized by hyperthyroidism, which is associated with higher serum T3 levels than T4 due to deiodinase enzymes.The effect of Graves' patient's sera (n=52) with elevated thyroid hormone and TSH receptor or thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) levels was investigated on thyroidal, skeletal and eye muscle type 2 deiodinase enzyme (DII) activities. DII activities were measured with (125)I-T4 substrate, while thyroid hormone and antibody levels with immunoassays. Read More

Indian J Med Res 2017 Mar;145(3):358-364

Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Background & Objectives: The reference radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) values established in the 1970s in the era of widespread iodine deficiency were relatively high. Now, after four decades of successful Universal Salt Iodization (USI) programme in India, there is a need to re-establish these reference ranges. The present study was aimed to quantify the two-hour and 24-h RAIU values in iodine sufficient euthyroid individuals and validate the results in Graves' and Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients. Read More

Rev Med Chil 2017 Apr;145(4):436-440

Sección Endocrinología y Diabetes, Hospital Clínico, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Basedow Graves disease (BGD) is the leading cause of hyperthyroidism. The characteristics of patients seen at a university hospital may differ from those described in the general population.

Aim: To describe the clinical features of patients with BGD seen at a university hospital. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Jul;96(30):e7591

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Rationale: Myalgia and elevated creatine kinase (CK) are occasionally observed during the treatment of hyperthyroid patients. Relative hypothyroidism resulted from rapid thyroid hormone reduction had been promoted as a plausible cause of these myopathic changes, however rarely reported.

Patient Concerns: We hereby presented a 20-year-old female with Grave's disease, who developed myopathy and elevated CK during rapid correction of thyroid hormone. Read More

J Biol Chem 2017 Jul 25. Epub 2017 Jul 25.

University of Michigan, United States;

The thyroid gland secretes primarily tetraiodothyronine (T4), and some triiodothyronine (T3). Under normal physiological circumstances, only one-fifth of circulating T3 is directly released by the thyroid, but in states of hyperactivation of thyroid-stimulating-hormone receptors (TSHRs), patients develop a syndrome of relative T3-toxicosis. Thyroidal T4 production results from iodination of thyroglobulin (TG) at residues Tyr5 and Tyr130, whereas thyroidal T3 production may originate in several different ways. Read More

Immunol Invest 2017 Aug 25;46(6):590-602. Epub 2017 Jul 25.

a Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences , Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine , Suita , Osaka , Japan.

Interleukin (IL)-10 is known to suppress inflammation in autoimmune diseases. IL-10 can be regulated by miRNAs. To elucidate the involvement of miRNAs that regulate IL-10 expression with the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), we examined the expression levels of hsa-miR-27a-3p, hsa-miR-98-5p, hsa-miR-106a-5p, and hsa-miR-223-3p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 43 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 38 patients with Hashimoto's disease (HD), and 21 healthy volunteers. Read More

Immunol Invest 2017 Aug 25;46(6):544-551. Epub 2017 Jul 25.

e Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery , Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou University , Taizhou , Zhejiang , China.

Genome-wide association studies have led to the discovery of several susceptibility genes related to autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs). However, controversial results have been reported regarding the role of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of CD40 in the disease susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship of the polymorphisms of three sites of CD40 with the susceptibility to AITD in the Chinese population. Read More

Acta Otolaryngol 2017 Jul 25:1-5. Epub 2017 Jul 25.

a Department of Otolaryngology , Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada Madrid , Spain.

Background: To determine the clinical outcomes and morbidity of endoscopic medial wall combined with transcutaneous lateral orbital wall decompression in Graves' orbitopathy.

Methodology: A retrospective noncomparative case series of patients who underwent surgical decompression for Graves' orbitopathy at Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada between 2004 and 2014 was performed. We reviewed the patients' charts and analyzed before and after the decompression, the visual acuity (Snellen chart), optic nerve compression (fundoscopy and optic coherence tomography), exophthalmometry (Hertel measurement), ocular motility, diplopia, eyelid surgery needed after decompression and its possible complications. Read More

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2017 Jul 24. Epub 2017 Jul 24.

Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.

Background: Due to the lack of prospective studies with longitudinal data on relapse, past genetic studies have not attempted to identify genetic factors that predict relapse risk (the primary endpoint of many pivotal clinical trials testing the efficacy of multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying drugs) at a genome-wide scale.

Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to identify genetic variants that predict MS relapse risk, using a three-stage approach. First, GWAS was conducted using the southern Tasmania MS Longitudinal Study with 141 cases followed prospectively for a mean of 2. Read More

Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2017 Jul 24:1-6. Epub 2017 Jul 24.

a Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Aalborg University Hospital , Aalborg , Denmark.

Thyrotropin (TSH) receptor antibodies (TRAb) mediate the hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease (GD). The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic performance and assay agreement between three immunoassays for the measurement of TRAb in patients with newly diagnosed GD. TRAb was measured with three different assays [H-TRAb (BRAHMS Diagnostica), M22-Man (RSR Limited) and M22-Aut (Roche Diagnostics)] in 387 participants who were recruited from two Danish population-based studies and diagnosed with GD (n = 101), multinodular toxic goitre (n = 88), primary autoimmune hypothyroidism (n = 100) or included as controls (n = 98). Read More

PLoS One 2017 21;12(7):e0181725. Epub 2017 Jul 21.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America.

Introduction: Although tumor metastases remain significant drivers of mortality, the genetic factors that increase the risks of metastases are not fully identified. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) has emerged as an important factor in breast cancer progression with IL-6 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants shown to affect survival. We hypothesized that SNPs of the IL-6 promoter at rs1800795 in breast cancer patients are associated with distant metastases. Read More

Transl Neurosci 2017 30;8:27-30. Epub 2017 Apr 30.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: Some of the thyroid disorders (TD) and Myasthenia gravis (MG) are autoimmune related disease. The purpose of the study to evaluate the relationship of MG with all morphological and functional thyroid disorders.

Methods: We constructed a population-based cohort study during the period from January 2000-December 2002 by using reimbursement data from the Bureau National Health Insurance (NHI) system in Taiwan. Read More

Radiology 2017 Jul 20:162776. Epub 2017 Jul 20.

From the Departments of Surgery (B.H.H.L.), Medicine (Y.C.W.), Ophthalmology (I.Y.H.W.), and Radiology (K.W.H.C.), The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.

Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasonography (US)-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation as a treatment for medically refractory Graves disease (GD). Materials and Methods After ethics approval, a prospective trial (NCT02685514) was performed from November 2015 to February 2016. Thirty patients underwent ablation of the entire right and left thyroid lobes, with areas near the tracheal-esophageal groove and common carotid artery left unablated. Read More

Int J Legal Med 2017 Jul 19. Epub 2017 Jul 19.

Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police, Aleje Ujazdowskie 7, 00-583, Warsaw, Poland.

Improving accuracy of the available predictive DNA methods is important for their wider use in routine forensic work. Information on age in the process of identification of an unknown individual may provide important hints that can speed up the process of investigation. DNA methylation markers have been demonstrated to provide accurate age estimation in forensics, but there is growing evidence that DNA methylation can be modified by various factors including diseases. Read More

BMC Med Imaging 2017 Jul 19;17(1):43. Epub 2017 Jul 19.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.

Background: Thyroid function in patients with Grave's disease is usually evaluated by thyroid scintigraphy with radioactive iodine. Recently, dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) with two different energy X-rays can calculate iodine concentrations and can be applied for iodine measurements in thyroid glands. This study aimed to assess the potential use of DECT for the functional assessment of the thyroid gland. Read More

Arch Endocrinol Metab 2017 Jul 13. Epub 2017 Jul 13.

Divisão de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Objective: We evaluated the prevalence of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and tyrosine phosphatase-protein antibodies (IA2A), their titers and their relation to first phase insulin response (FPIR) and glucose tolerance in autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATDs) patients.

Subjects And Methods: Graves' disease (GD; n = 181) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT; n = 143) patients in addition to healthy controls (n = 93) were studied. Secondly, FPIR and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) were performed in 11 anti-pancreatic islet-cell (+) and in 20 anti-pancreatic-cell (-) patients. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2017 Sep;38(9):756-763

aNuclear Medicine Department, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud bFaculty of Medicine, Paul Sabatier University cNuclear Medicine Department dEndocrinology Department, Larrey Hospital, University Hospitals of Toulouse eCancer Research Center of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.

Radioiodine is a therapeutic option in Europe for Graves' disease (GD) and toxic multinodular goiter (MNG).

Purpose: To compare empiric and calculated I activities using 2013 EANM recommendations. To look for predictive factors of therapeutic response to an empiric activity of I. Read More

Int J Pharm Compd 2017 Jul-Aug;21(4):334-338

College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a potassium-sparing diuretic used to treat hypertension and heart failure and may also be used to treat edema resulting from kidney disease, low potassium levels, or excess aldosterone. No commercial liquid dosage form of spironolactone exists. An extemporaneously compounded suspension from pure drug powder or commercial tablets would provide an alternative option to meet unique patient needs. Read More

Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017 Jul;97(1):24-29

School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Rickettsia australis, the etiologic agent of Queensland tick typhus (QTT), is increasingly being recognized as a cause of community-acquired acute febrile illness in eastern Australia. Changing human population demographics, climate change, and increased understanding of expanding vector distribution indicate QTT is an emerging public health threat. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, treatment principles, and future directions of this disease. Read More

Surg Endosc 2017 Jul 17. Epub 2017 Jul 17.

Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

Introduction: The Transoral Neck Surgery (TONS) Study Group was established at the 1st International Thyroid NOTES Conference in February 2016 with the intention of standardizing and refining thyroid NOTES techniques, including both transoral endoscopic and robotic thyroidectomy approaches. Herein, the authors report the modification of indications, preparation, and step-by-step explanations for operative techniques, as well as results and postoperative care for transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA).

Methods: Between February 2015 and December 2015, a total of 200 patients comprising 8 males (4%) and 192 females (96%) underwent TOETVA using 3 laparoscopic ports inserted at the oral vestibule. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017 30;8:137. Epub 2017 Jun 30.

Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, Ce.S.I.-Me.T., University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

Graves' disease is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis in women of childbearing age. Approximately 1% of pregnant women been treated before, or are being treated during pregnancy for Graves' hyperthyroidism. In pregnancy, as in not pregnant state, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TSHR) antibodies (TRAbs) are the pathogenetic hallmark of Graves' disease. Read More

Metab Brain Dis 2017 Jul 15. Epub 2017 Jul 15.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, SST 361, 301 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL, 35899, USA.

Hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HT1) is caused by mutations in the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) gene, the template for the final enzyme in the tyrosine catabolism pathway. If left untreated this deficiency of functional FAH leads to a buildup of toxic metabolites that can cause liver disease, kidney dysfunction and high mortality. The current treatment with the drug NTBC prevents the production of these metabolites and has consequently increased the survival rate in HT1 children. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017 29;8:149. Epub 2017 Jun 29.

Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Increasing evidence suggests that epigenetic modifications, including changes in DNA methylation, covalent modifications of histone tails, and gene silencing mediated by non-coding RNA molecules, play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders and might be seen as the result of environmental insults that trigger these conditions. Studies in cells and tissues of patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), and particularly in Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), are increasingly revealing altered epigenetic marks and resultant deregulation of gene expression levels, but the available data are still limited to be translated into the clinical settings. Particularly, genome-wide methylation and histone tail modification screenings are limited to a few studies in GD patients, and the diagnostic values of the observed epigenetic changes or their potential prognostic utility are still unclear. Read More