Australas J Dermatol 2018 Apr 19. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.

J Cutan Med Surg 2018 Apr 1:1203475418771614. Epub 2018 Apr 1.

1 Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Cutaneous reactions to tattoos can be attributed either to trauma or to the exogenous pigment introduced into the skin. Red pigment is associated with a high sensitizing potential and is the most frequently implicated pigment inducing various types of histological reactions. Herein, we describe a patient with red tattoo pigment-induced granulomatous dermatitis that histologically revealed a very rare granuloma annulare-like reaction. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2018 Mar-Apr;9(2):117-119

Department of Dermatology, Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, India.

We report the case of a 32-year- old man with a short 3-week history of erythematous, annular, non scaly plaques on palmar and dorsal aspect of his hands, who was concurrently diagnosed as a case of sarcoidosis on the basis of findings of generalized lymphadenopathy and radiological and histological features of pulmonary sarcoidosis. His skin biopsy was consistent with the diagnosis of granuloma annulare. Sarcoidosis and granuloma annulare are two separate diseases, which involve the skin and have a mononuclear histiocytic cellular reaction, although their aetiology is still unknown. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2018 Mar 24. Epub 2018 Mar 24.

Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, Gijón, Asturias, Spain.

Subcutaneous granuloma annulare is a benign inflammatory disorder that primarily affects healthy children and manifests as a rapidly growing, painless, nonmobile mass, most commonly located in the leg. The current case highlights the sonographic appearance of subcutaneous granuloma annulare. Ultrasound color Doppler is a helpful noninvasive imaging test that may allow physicians to confirm the diagnosis of subcutaneous granuloma annulare and avoid unnecessary medical procedures. Read More

J Dermatolog Treat 2018 Mar 14:1-5. Epub 2018 Mar 14.

b UConn Health Department of Dermatology , Farmington , CT , USA.

Background: Management of generalized granuloma annulare (GGA) poses challenges for both patients and dermatologists. Currently, there are no established first-line therapies for GGA and the available therapeutic modalities are based on individual case reports and a few small case series. Further, there are limited publications assessing the efficacy of methotrexate in treating GGA. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2018 Feb 9. Epub 2018 Feb 9.

Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukaemia (T-LGLL) is a clinically indolent mature T-cell neoplasm characterized by a monoclonal population of CD3+ CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, which usually presents as neutropenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) is a clonal haematopoietic disorder with features of both a myeloproliferative neoplasm and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Patients with CMML exhibit a persistent peripheral blood monocytosis in addition to myelodysplastic features. Read More

J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2018 Jan 1;11(1):32-34. Epub 2018 Jan 1.

Drs. Mickel and Crevenna are with the Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Occupational Medicine at the Medical University of Vienna in Austria.

In this case report, the authors describe a first-time trial of a variation of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in a patient with disseminated granuloma annulare. Radial pulse therapy was administered in an outpatient clinic of a university hospital to a 72-year-old woman with a 14-year history of disseminated granuloma annulare. The authors describe changes in clinical appearance and results of histological evaluation, reporting observable positive changes in all four treated plaques. Read More

JAAD Case Rep 2018 Mar 16;4(2):152-154. Epub 2018 Jan 16.

Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of California - Los Angeles, Redondo Beach, California.

Pediatr Neonatol 2017 Dec 27. Epub 2017 Dec 27.

Skin Institute, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018 Feb;54(1):131-146

Clinique de Dermatologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, CH-1211, Genève, Switzerland.

Cutaneous granulomatosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases, characterized by a skin inflammatory reaction triggered by a wide variety of stimuli, including infections, foreign bodies, malignancy, metabolites, and chemicals. From a pathogenic point of view, they are divided into non-infectious and infectious granulomas. Pathophysiological mechanisms are still poorly understood. Read More

J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018 Feb 12;16(2):230-232. Epub 2018 Jan 12.

Dermatopathology Laboratory, Duisburg, Germany.

Clin Exp Dermatol 2018 Mar 10;43(2):219-221. Epub 2018 Jan 10.

Department of Medical Sciences - Unit of Dermatology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

An Bras Dermatol 2017 ;92(5 Suppl 1):82-84

Department of Dermatology of the Universidade de Santo Amaro (UNISA) - Santo Amaro (SP), Brazil.

Granuloma annulare is a benign cutaneous inflammatory disease, whose lesions have spontaneous improvement in two years in 50% of cases, but there is recurrence in 40% of patients. Treatment may be topical, intralesional or systemic. The use of phototherapy with narrowband UVB is highlighted, whose mechanism of action in this disease is still unclear, probably related to the inhibition of T lymphocytes. Read More

Clin Dermatol 2018 Jan - Feb;36(1):94-100. Epub 2017 Sep 8.

Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:

The link between the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and skin diseases is increasingly important, with new associations being discovered. The association between MetS and psoriasis or MetS and hidradenitis suppurativa is well known, although the relationship between MetS and various autoimmune or inflammatory diseases has only recently attracted interest. Some inflammatory skin diseases, such as vitiligo, scleredema, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, Behçet disease, rosacea, necrobiosis lipoidica, granuloma annulare, skin tags, knuckle pads, and eruptive xanthomas, have possible associations with MetS. Read More

Am J Clin Dermatol 2017 Dec 11. Epub 2017 Dec 11.

Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 800 Poly Place, Brooklyn, 11209, NY, USA.

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign inflammatory disease associated with many conditions such as malignancy, trauma, thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus, and HIV infection. Common clinical subtypes include localized GA, generalized GA, subcutaneous GA, perforating GA, and patch GA. There exists an abundance of literature on GA, yet we know relatively little about its exact etiology and even less about its treatment. Read More

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018 Feb 6;145(2):116-119. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

EA3181, service de dermatologie, université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, CHU, 3, boulevard Fleming, 25030 Besançon, France.

Background: Granuloma annulare as a granulomatous cutaneous reaction may be drug-induced. Immune checkpoint inhibitors including programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors show remarkable antitumor activity and are approved for melanoma and other cancers. Different immune-related adverse effects have been described. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2018 Jan 4;35(1):e72-e73. Epub 2017 Dec 4.

Department of Dermatology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Subcutaneous granuloma annulare (SGA) is an uncommon subtype of granuloma annulare. There are few reports of this entity solely affecting the scalp. We report a case of biopsy-proven SGA in a 21-month-old boy with six asymptomatic, rock-hard scalp nodules. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2017 Nov-Dec;8(6):511-513

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Medical Sciences, B.H.U., Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

An Bras Dermatol 2017 May-Jun;92(3):419-420

Dermatology Clinic, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Belo Horizonte - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

A 59-year-old woman reported a 20-day history of slightly scaly erythematous infiltrated patches on her palms and soles with a histopathological result which was consistent with interstitial-pattern granuloma annulare, clinically classified as patch granuloma annulare. This is a rare clinical variant of granuloma annulare, with an unknown incidence and characteristic clinical and histopathological features. The patient evolved with a complete remission of the lesions after biopsy and the use of high-potency topical corticosteroid. Read More

Sao Paulo Med J 2017 Nov 17. Epub 2017 Nov 17.

MD. Attending Physician and Associate Professor, Dermatology Clinic, Haseki Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi, Istanbul, Turkey.

Context: Localized scleroderma (morphea) is characterized by fibrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissue. Granuloma annulare is a relatively common disease that is characterized by dermal papules and arciform plaques.

Case Report: Here, we present the case of a 42-year-old woman who developed granuloma annulare on the dorsum of her feet and abdominal region, and morphea on the anterior side of her lower limbs. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2018 May;40(5):383-385

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

A healthy 50-year-old woman had a tattoo performed on the posterior aspect of her neck and another on the dorsum of her left foot. Several weeks later, she noted redness, tenderness, and intense pruritis at both tattoo sites. Treatment with cephalexin and hydrocortisone cream was instituted, without success. Read More

Acta Derm Venereol 2018 Mar;98(3):355-360

Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereal Diseases, University of Helsinki and Center of Inflammation, Helsinki University Central Hospital, FIN-00029 Helsinki, Finland.

A retrospective study of 109 skin biopsies with granuloma annulare (GA) or morphea histology from patients with suspected tick bite was performed. Biopsies were tested for cutaneous Borrelia burgdorferi DNA using PCR. The same biopsies were analysed for tick-borne novel agents, Chlamydia-related bacteria (members of the Chlamydiales order), using a PCR-based method. Read More

G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2017 12;152(6):684-686

Section of Dermatology, Department of Medical Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

J Drugs Dermatol 2017 Oct;16(10):1050-1052

Numerous cutaneous manifestations have been associated with use of BRAF inhibitors, including two previously reported cases of granuloma annulare (GA) eruptions associated with vemurafenib therapy. Both of these patients were being treated for metastatic melanoma. In this report, we describe the case of a 71-year-old man who developed classic GA lesions while being treated with vemurafenib monotherapy for nonmelanoma cancer, specifically metastatic lung adenocarcinoma positive for BRAF V600 mutation. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018 Apr 27;32(4):e124-e126. Epub 2017 Oct 27.

Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 60th Street Outpatient Center, Suite 407, Room 4312, New York, NY, 10022, USA.

Am J Dermatopathol 2018 Apr;40(4):279-282

National Skin Centre, Singapore.

Scleromyxedema is a rare disorder where patients may develop systemic manifestations such as monoclonal gammopathy, inflammatory polyarthritis, and esophageal and neurological dysfunction. Histologically, there may be atypical variants of scleromyxedema showing features resembling interstitial granuloma annulare. We report an unusual case of scleromyxedema with interstitial granulomatous pattern and highlight potential diagnostic pitfalls when encountered with such a variant. Read More

Arch Plast Surg 2017 Sep 15;44(5):470-471. Epub 2017 Sep 15.

Department of Pathology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA.

JAAD Case Rep 2017 Sep 8;3(5):425-428. Epub 2017 Sep 8.

Department of Dermatology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.

Clin Exp Dermatol 2017 Dec 20;42(8):920-921. Epub 2017 Sep 20.

Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Yonago, Japan.

Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2017 Jul;25(2):167-169

Professor Joanna Maj, MD, PhD, Department and Clinic of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 1, PL-50-368 Wrocław, Poland;

Dear Editor, An 83-year-old woman developed yellow-brownish infiltrates, nodules, and tumors mimicking xanthomas, mostly involving the periorbital and chest area within three months (Figure 1). She had no abnormalities in serum cholesterol or triglycerides levels. A detailed laboratory analysis revealed the presence of mild monoclonal gammopathy with a presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) kappa light chains; however, according to hematologist consultation, it did not require medical intervention. Read More

Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2017 Jul;25(2):164-166

Efstathia Pasmatzi, MD, Department of Dermatology School of Medicine University of Patras, 26504 Rio-Patras, Greece;

Dear Editor, Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a very common skin infection caused by a molluscipox virus gene of the poxvirus family. It usually occurs in young children, sexually active adults, and immunocompromised individuals. The typical clinical picture of this infection is characterized by asymptomatic flesh-colored, single or multiple papules, measuring 2-6 mm in diameter with a central umbilication that occur on the skin and the mucous membranes. Read More

Case Rep Dermatol 2017 May-Aug;9(2):60-64. Epub 2017 Jul 13.

Department of Dermatology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Scabies is a relatively common parasitic infection, which has sometimes been associated with the formation of granuloma annulare. We report the case of an 86-year-old female who developed a non-necrotizing granulomatous dermatitis after a scabies infestation. This case highlights the importance of considering scabies in the differential diagnosis when granulomatous dermatitis is noted histologically that cannot be explained by other causes. Read More

Mod Rheumatol 2017 Aug 24:1-15. Epub 2017 Aug 24.

a Department of Internal Medicine, Scleroderma Unit, Clinical Immunology Unit , University of Genova and IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino , Genova , Italy.

TNF-α inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy both as monotherapy and in combination with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in the treatment of chronic inflammatory immune-mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriasis (Ps) and/or psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and may be administered off-label to treat disseminated granuloma annulare, systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. There are several TNF-α inhibitors available for clinical use including infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, certolizumab pegol and etanercept. In this article, we discuss the efficacy and safety of etanercept in the treatment of spondyloarthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2017;27:26. Epub 2017 May 10.

Service de Dermatologie-vénéréologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Avicenne, Rabat, Maroc.

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2017 Dec 13;108(10):952-954. Epub 2017 Jul 13.

Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Araba, Vitoria-Gasteiz, España.

J Drugs Dermatol 2017 Jul;16(7):699-700

Australas J Dermatol 2017 Aug 3;58(3):e155-e156. Epub 2017 Jul 3.

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2017 Oct 27;144(10):589-598. Epub 2017 Jun 27.

Clinique dermatologique, université de Strasbourg, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France.

Background: Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG), a rare entity first described in 1979, is very similar to O'Brien actinic granuloma (AG), first described in 1975. Since then, many cases have been published under one or other of the two names. We performed a single-centre histopathology study to identify the distinguishing features and determine whether there was any objective difference between AEGCG and AG. Read More

J Dermatol 2017 Oct 21;44(10):e246-e247. Epub 2017 Jun 21.

Department of Dermatology and Key lab of Immunodermatology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Case Rep Dermatol Med 2017 22;2017:5918708. Epub 2017 May 22.

Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 5 East 98th Street, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign inflammatory dermatosis characterized clinically by dermal papules and annular plaques. The pathogenesis of GA is not well understood, although it is thought to result from a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in which inflammatory cells elicit connective tissue degradation. This condition has been seen following the use of several drugs, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) inhibitors, which paradoxically have also been reported to treat GA. Read More

Hautarzt 2017 Jul;68(7):553-559

Konsultations- und Referenzzentrum für Vaskulitis-Diagnostik, MVZ am Marienkrankenhaus gGmbH, Hamburg, Deutschland.

A particular diagnostic situation in the classification of a granulomatous dermatitis results when no circumscribed granulomas but instead a diffuse interstitial histiocytic inflammatory infiltrate, a granulomatous vasculitis or a neoplastic lymphocytic infiltrate is found. Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis was originally described in patients with arthritis. Later, it was recognized that there are also associations with other usually immunological diseases. Read More

Indian Dermatol Online J 2017 May-Jun;8(3):218-220

Department of Dermatology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India.

Hautarzt 2017 Jul;68(7):536-541

Hautklinik, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.

The palisading granulomatous dermatitides comprise a group of different skin diseases with similar histomorphologic forms of granuloma in the skin. Histopathologically characteristic are areas in the reticular dermis and subcutaneous fat with degenerated bundles of collagen surrounded by histiocytes and multinucleate giant cells aligned in a palisade (necrobiotic granuloma). Within the center of palisaded granulomas, mucin or fibrin can be found. Read More

Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2017 26;10:141-145. Epub 2017 Apr 26.

Department of Dermatology, Psoriasis Research Center, Farshchian Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

Background: Granuloma annulare is a benign inflammatory disease of the skin. The etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are not yet determined, but some authors have proposed that it might be associated with a variety of underlying conditions such as thyroid disorders, diabetes mellitus and positive tuberculin skin test.

Objective: This study was conducted to find the probable relationship between granuloma annulare and diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders and positive tuberculin skin test. Read More

Presse Med 2017 May 5;46(5):553-555. Epub 2017 May 5.

CHU de Montpellier, service de parasitologie, 39, avenue Charles-Flahault, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France. Electronic address:

Ann Dermatol Venereol 2017 Oct 21;144(10):612-616. Epub 2017 Apr 21.

Service de dermatologie, centre hospitalier régional universitaire, 191, avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34090 Montpellier, France.

Background: Deep granuloma annulare is a fairly rare variety of granuloma annulare. It is seen predominantly in children and mainly affects the anterior aspect of the legs and the top of the feet; cephalic presentation is rare. Below, we report three cases of deep granuloma annulare in children presenting solely at the cephalic extremity. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2017 Jul 17;34(4):e207-e208. Epub 2017 Apr 17.

Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas.

We describe deep granuloma annulare (DGA) of the forehead mimicking inflamed cysts. Reactive inflammation and sterile purulent drainage may be an underrecognized feature of DGA. Read More

Am J Clin Dermatol 2017 Aug;18(4):541-553

Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Erfurter Straße 35, 07740, Jena, Germany.

Diabetes mellitus is a widespread endocrine disease with severe impact on health systems worldwide. Increased serum glucose causes damage to a wide range of cell types, including endothelial cells, neurons, and renal cells, but also keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Skin disorders can be found in about one third of all people with diabetes and frequently occur before the diagnosis, thus playing an important role in the initial recognition of underlying disease. Read More

Am J Dermatopathol 2017 Apr;39(4):296-299

*Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; andDepartments of †Dermatology, and‡Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA.

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an intracellular acid-fast bacillus that tends to infect the skin and peripheral nerves. Because of the wide array of cutaneous manifestation, diagnosis is not always straightforward, especially in nonendemic regions of the world such as the United States.

Case Report: The authors report an unusual case of borderline tuberculoid leprosy in an 80-year-old white woman from California. Read More