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S D Med 2022 May;75(5):216-219

Sanford Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.

The presence of tophaceous gout in the hand is a classic finding seen in uncontrolled gout. Occasionally gouty tophi can be the initial physical finding in asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Composed of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals, gouty tophi can cause significant soft tissue and joint pathology. Read More

RMD Open 2022 Jun;8(2)

Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany

Background: The crystal-induced calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) clinically appearing as pseudogout differs from the mere radiographic finding of chondrocalcinosis (CC) but may cause symptoms resembling rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Objective: To study the prevalence of CPPD and CC in rheumatic diseases focusing on differences between seropositive and seronegative RA.

Patients And Methods: In a retrospective study design, we analysed records and radiographs of consecutive new patients presenting to our centre between January 2017 and May 2020. Read More

Radiol Clin North Am 2022 Jul;60(4):641-656

Department of Radiology, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35 A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria.

Crystal arthropathies are a group of joint disorders due to deposition of crystals in and around joints that lead to joint destruction and soft tissue masses. Clinical presentation is variable and diagnosis might be challenging. In this article the pathophysiology is addressed, the preferred deposition of crystal arthropathies and imaging findings. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 28;14(4):e24566. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Physiology, Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Middletown, USA.

Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN) or chronic kidney disease of unknown origin (CKDu) is a rising epidemic in hotspot regions of El Salvador and Nicaragua. MeN is often defined in patients who exhibit a clinically reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) but lack a defining etiology such as diabetes or hypertension. A multitude of risk factors for MeN have been identified, including physical labor demands in a hot climate, exposure to pesticides, and poverty. Read More

Bull Hosp Jt Dis (2013) 2022 Jun;80(2):129-136

Background: The mainstay of surgical treatment for advanced basal joint arthritis is arthroplasty. Many differ- ent techniques of basal joint arthroplasty exist, but none has been determined to be superior to the others, and most methods used to maintain the post-trapeziectomy space require postoperative immobilization or pin fixation. In this article, we describe a knotless suture anchor suspen- sionplasty (KSAS) technique and present a prospective case series with short-term outcomes. Read More

Med J Malaysia 2022 05;77(3):403-405

Taiping Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Taiping, Perak, Malaysia.

Pontine infarct is a rare but clinically significant cause of an isolated facial nerve palsy. Prompt diagnosis with the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows early initiation of treatment for such patients. We report a 62-year-old gentleman with diabetes, hypertension, and gout, presenting with lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy. Read More

Med J Malaysia 2022 05;77(3):279-283

Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Internal Medicine, Vietnam.

Background: Gout is caused by deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. One of the tools of choice to identify MSU crystals is the Dual-Energy Computed Tomography (DECT). This study aims to determine MSU crystal deposition using DECT by comparing its detection in the first metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPJ) with that in the ankles, as well as to analyse the association between the crystal deposition and anthropometrics, clinical characteristics, and serum biochemical levels of a primary gout patient. Read More

BMC Med Res Methodol 2022 May 30;22(1):155. Epub 2022 May 30.

Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, Hôpital Nord, Service de neurologie, Saint-Étienne, France.

Background: Natalizumab and fingolimod are used as high-efficacy treatments in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Several observational studies comparing these two drugs have shown variable results, using different methods to control treatment indication bias and manage censoring. The objective of this empirical study was to elucidate the impact of methods of causal inference on the results of comparative effectiveness studies. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2022 May 16;12(5). Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Clinical and Functional Anatomy, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows direct visualization of monosodium urate (MSU) deposits in joints and soft tissues.

Purpose: To describe the distribution of MSU deposits in cadavers using DECT in the head, body trunk, and feet.

Materials And Methods: A total of 49 cadavers (41 embalmed and 8 fresh cadavers; 20 male, 29 female; mean age, 79. Read More

Eur J Neurol 2022 May 26. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Adolphe de Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France.

Background And Purpose: This study was undertaken to determine the role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in predicting the final visual and structural outcome, and to evaluate the correlation between functional eye outcome and retinal changes, in patients with a first episode of optic neuritis (ON).

Methods: In this prospective study, consecutive adult patients with acute ON underwent ophthalmological evaluation at baseline and at 1 and 12 months, including OCT measurements of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer, and inner nuclear layer thicknesses; high- and low-contrast visual acuity; visual field assessment; and baseline brain magnetic resonance imaging. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were used to assess predictive factors of outcome. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2022 26;9:752774. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.

Background: There is widespread prejudice in veterinary medicine that gout does not occur in non-human mammalians. However, we recently discovered monosodium urate crystals in the synovial fluid obtained from a few dogs and a cat. Since it is the definitive and gold standard to diagnose gout, we report these cases as newly emerging diseases in companion animals. Read More

Eur J Med Chem 2022 Jul 20;237:114379. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongye North Road, Jinan, 250100, PR China. Electronic address:

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease caused by abnormal purine metabolism in the body. Long-term high levels of uric acid in the body will lead to gout and kidney disease. Xanthine oxidase (XOD) is a key enzyme in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia. Read More

Invest Radiol 2022 Apr 22. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Rheumatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and precision of a novel application of 3-material decomposition (3MD) with virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) in the dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) assessment of monosodium urate (MSU) and hydroxyapatite (HA) phantoms compared with a commercial 2-material decomposition (2MD) and dual-thresholding (DT) material decomposition methods.

Materials And Methods: Monosodium urate (0.0, 3. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 04 12;19(8). Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan.

Early detection of lung cancer has a higher likelihood of curative treatment and thus improves survival rate. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening has been shown to be effective for high-risk individuals in several clinical trials, but has high false positive rates. To evaluate the risk of stage I lung cancer in the general population not limited to smokers, a retrospective study of 133 subjects was conducted in a medical center in Taiwan. Read More

Trials 2022 Apr 15;23(1):317. Epub 2022 Apr 15.

Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.

Background: The prevalence rates of gout worldwide have increased annually. Acute gouty arthritis (AGA) accounts for a large proportion of gout patients and causes severe physical and mental pain in patients. Controlling the occurrence and development of gout inflammation is the first step in the treatment of gout. Read More

Inflamm Res 2022 Apr 17;71(4):485-495. Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.

Objective: The transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) channel is considered to play an important regulatory role in the process of pain. The purpose of this study is to observe the change characteristics of TRPV1 channel in MSU-induced gouty arthritis and to find a new target for clinical treatment of gout pain.

Methods: Acute gouty arthritis was induced by injection of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals into the ankle joint of mice. Read More

J Vis Exp 2022 02 25(180). Epub 2022 Feb 25.

Department of Medicine, BronxCare Health System.

Arthrocentesis of the knee is a procedure in which a needle is inserted into the knee joint, and synovial fluid is aspirated. An arthrocentesis can be diagnostic or therapeutic. Synovial fluid may be removed for testing to determine the nature of the knee effusion. Read More

Pol J Radiol 2022 20;87:e93-e112. Epub 2022 Feb 20.

Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extremely useful in the early diagnosis of rheumatologic diseases, as well as in the monitoring of treatment response and disease progression to optimize long-term clinical outcomes. MRI is highly sensitive and specific in detecting the common findings in rheumatologic diseases, such as bone marrow oedema, cartilage disruption, articular erosions, joint effusions, bursal effusions, tendon sheath effusions, and synovitis. This imaging modality can demonstrate structural changes of cartilage and bone destruction years earlier than radiographs. Read More

Indian J Orthop 2022 Mar 3;56(3):514-516. Epub 2021 Sep 3.

Department of Orthopaedics, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.

BMJ Case Rep 2022 Mar 2;15(3). Epub 2022 Mar 2.

Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.

Radiol Clin North Am 2022 Mar;60(2):301-310

Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street Yawkey 6E, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Cambridge, MA, 02115, USA. Electronic address:

Benign and malignant soft tissue tumors have many overlapping and potentially confusing imaging features. Here we discuss imaging and clinical features of 6 soft tissue tumor mimics: myositis ossificans, acute traumatic hematoma, geyser lesion, tumoral calcinosis, gout, and myonecrosis. These 6 lesions are some of the most common benign soft tissue mass-like lesions erroneously labeled as "malignancy. Read More

Curr Rheumatol Rev 2022 ;18(2):168-171

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Background: Gout is a common condition and its prevalence is increasing. In the wrist, acute gouty arthritis is difficult to distinguish from infection and may occur concomitantly. Though aspiration is helpful, it is not always technically feasible or definitive. Read More

Semin Arthritis Rheum 2022 04 10;53:151981. Epub 2022 Feb 10.

Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Hôpital Lariboisière, APHP Nord and Laboratoire B3OA CNRS UMR 7052, Université de Paris, France.

Objective: To describe the frequency, clinical presentation and understand the pathophysiology of toe shortenings during urate-lowering treatment (ULT) of gout, a feature we called the shrinking toe sign.

Methods: Sequential foot photographs and radiographs of 1141 consecutive gouty patients followed-up for at least 6 months under ULT were retrospectively scrutinized. Features from patients with toe shortenings were extracted from anonymized files. Read More

Spinal Cord 2022 Feb 17. Epub 2022 Feb 17.

Department of Ultrasonography, Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated With Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 528400, Zhongshan, P. R. China.

Background: Spinal gout is uncommon. The clinical manifestations of spinal gout are not characteristic. Huge tophi can invade the vertebral joints and protrude into the spinal canal, even causing spinal canal stenosis, which may result in irreparable spinal cord injury. Read More

Med Clin (Barc) 2022 Jun 15;158(12):615-621. Epub 2022 Feb 15.

Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Hospital Virgen del Camino, Sección de Reumatología, Plasencia, Cáceres, España.

A considerable improvement in the knowledge of gout has taken place in the 2decades of the XXIth century. Definitions of disease, estate, and clinical situations, along with a new nomenclature, have been agreed. More importantly, the concept of gout as a "curable" or "controllable" disease has been settled. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2022 Aug 11;51(8):1553-1561. Epub 2022 Feb 11.

Castlereagh Imaging, St Leonards NSW, 60 Pacific Highway, Sydney, Australia.

Acute calcific periarthritis (ACP) is a self-limiting, monoarticular, peri-articular process of dystrophic mineral deposition and adjacent inflammation. Patients present with a sudden onset of pain, localised swelling, erythema, tenderness and restricted range of motion. Symptoms reduce in severity within 4-7 days and self resolve in 3-4 weeks. Read More

J Otol 2022 Jan 15;17(1):50-53. Epub 2021 Sep 15.

ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Clinique Saint Pierre, Ottignies, Belgium.

Gout is the most common cause of monoarthritis in men occurring classically in the great toe and the knee. Extra-articular gout manifestations are rare. Only a few cases of head and neck urate crystals deposits have been described in the literature. Read More

Lab Chip 2022 03 1;22(5):994-1005. Epub 2022 Mar 1.

Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Biosensors exhibit high potential for the detection of analytes of interest at the point-of-need. Over the past two decades, the combination of novel biosensing systems - such as electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensors - and advances in microfluidic techniques has allowed the development of lab-on-a-chip devices with enhanced overall performance and simplified sample handling. However, recording data with conventional platforms requires advanced and complicated instruments, such as sensitive photodetectors coupled to microscopes, to capture the photons from the chemiluminescent reaction. Read More

JBJS Rev 2022 02 7;10(2). Epub 2022 Feb 7.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.

»: The incidence of quadriceps tendon rupture is estimated to be 1.37 cases per 100,000 people/year, with a predilection for these injuries in patients who are ≥40 years of age.

»: Quadriceps tendon ruptures are more likely to occur in the presence of preexisting comorbidities such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, gout, chronic kidney disease, secondary hyperparathyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and peripheral vascular disease. Read More

Cent Eur J Immunol 2021 12;46(4):419-426. Epub 2021 Dec 12.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, Germany.

Besides performing phagocytosis and degranulation, neutrophils are capable of eliminating microorganisms by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NET formation was found to be associated with increased mortality in sepsis. During sepsis levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β), a cytokine, increases significantly and also was associated with increased mortality. Read More