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J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021 May 28;1178:122793. Epub 2021 May 28.

State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China. Electronic address:

San Miao Wan (SMW), composed of Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizoma and Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, is widely used for the treatment of gout, hyperuricemia and other diseases. In the present study, an overall identification strategy based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS) method was established to characterize the multiple chemical constituents of SMW and its metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of SMW. A total of 76 constituents including alkaloids, organic acids, lactones, terpenes, saponins, sterones and others types of components were identified in the extract of SMW. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Apr;71(4):1234-1238

University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.

The current review was planned to assess updated knowledge about gout and to highlight the various areas which need to be focussed upon for better healthcare. Relevant articles published in English language were reviewed by utilising various databases including Google Scholar, Springer Link, Science Direct and MEDLINE. Data revealed a precipitating number of gout cases from the developed countries, while the developing countries on the other hand were found to be faced with an even higher threat. Read More

Patient Educ Couns 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Division of Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, USA.

Objective: To examine and identify the scope of research addressing health information requirements for gout patients using value chain analysis.

Methods: Five electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, ERIC, PsycINFO, Embase, and Scopus) and grey literature (WorldCat) were searched in accordance with a published protocol. Only English language articles were included, with no limitations for date of publication. Read More

Adv Rheumatol 2021 Jun 12;61(1):36. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 210 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.

Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic performance of single-source dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) based on gemstone spectral imaging technology (including Discovery CT750HD and Revolution CT) in patients with suspected feet/ankles gouty arthritis, and evaluate the urate deposition with a novel semi-quantitative DECT scoring system.

Methods: A total of 196 patients were consecutively included. Feet and ankles were evaluated in all patients by single-source DECT scan. Read More

Biosens Bioelectron 2021 Jun 5;190:113411. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea. Electronic address:

Abnormal blood uric acid (UA) levels can lead to its crystallization in the joints, consequently resulting in gout. Accurate detection of UA in the blood is imperative for the early diagnosis of gout. However, electrochemical UA biosensors are vulnerable to antioxidants in the blood, limiting accurate UA detection. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021 May 8;53:103012. Epub 2021 May 8.

KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey.

Background: Natalizumab and fingolimod were the first preparations recommended for disease breakthrough in priorly treated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Of three published head-to-head studies two showed that natalizumab is the more effective to prevent relapses and EDSS worsening.

Methods: By re-analyzing original published results from MSBase, France, and Denmark using uniform methodologies, we aimed at identifying the effects of differences in methodology, in the MS-populations, and at re-evaluating the differences in effectiveness between the two drugs. Read More

Ann Rheum Dis 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA

Ann Rheum Dis 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Academic Rheumatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

J Pharm Pharm Sci 2021 ;24:292-307

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of hyperuricemia on clinical outcomes of renal transplant recipients (RTRs).

Methods: A literature search of PubMed, Cochrane, Embase was conducted up to March 20, 2020. The primary outcome was the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Read More

Arthritis Rheumatol 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

We read with great interest the manuscript by Suissa et al that reviewed observational studies of the association between allopurinol and mortality in individuals with gout (1). Suissa describes immeasurable time bias as time periods during which prescription medication records are not available (e.g. Read More

Drugs Aging 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986270 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-6270, USA.

Gout is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis, and its incidence is highest in middle-aged and older patients. Adding to the diagnostic complexity, up to 50% of patients aged > 65 years present atypically, with subacute oligo- or polyarticular flares. Comorbidity and polypharmacy, common in older populations, affect real-world treatment decisions in gout management, and no specific guidelines are available to address these issues in these at-risk groups. Read More

Cureus 2021 May 5;13(5):e14855. Epub 2021 May 5.

Rheumatology, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, USA.

As the prevalence of hyperuricemia (elevated uric acid levels in the blood) increases, the relationship between serum uric acid levels and cardiovascular risk has garnered increased interest. Several studies have highlighted that elevated uric acid levels are likely tied to increased cardiovascular disease risk. Specifically, the presence of hyperuricemia is well-established to contribute to the onset of gout (an inflammatory condition characterized by painful/swollen joints). Read More

Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2021 25;13:1759720X211016661. Epub 2021 May 25.

Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine at the School of Medicine and the Department of Epidemiology at the School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Faculty Office Tower 805B, 510 20th Street S., Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA.

Background: Contradictory evidence exists for association of hyperuricemia and kidney function. To investigate the association of hyperuricemia and kidney function decline (hyperuricemia question) and effect of urate-lowering therapies (ULTs) on kidney function (ULT question), we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: , , , and were searched from inception to July 2020. Read More

Int J Med Sci 2021 3;18(12):2630-2640. Epub 2021 May 3.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Non-diabetic coronary artery spasm (CAS) without obstructive coronary artery disease increases insulin resistance. We investigated the risk of incident type 2 diabetes (diabetes) associated with CAS. Patient records were retrospectively collected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database during the period 2000-2012. Read More

Int J Med Sci 2021 29;18(12):2599-2606. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a global health concern. Many studies have identified an association between hyperuricemia and CKD, and some studies have revealed that urate-lowering therapy (ULT) can attenuate CKD progression. However, only a few studies have explored the role of ULT in the prevention of new onset CKD. Read More

RMD Open 2021 Jun;7(2)

InMusc, Madrid, Spain.

Objective: To summarise the evidence on intra-articular therapies (IAT) to inform the 2020 EULAR recommendations.

Methods: An overview of systematic reviews (SR) including randomised-controlled trials (RCTs) of IAT in adults with arthropathies was performed up to July 2020. Pain, function, and frequency of adverse events were the main efficacy and safety outcomes, respectively. Read More

Int Immunopharmacol 2021 Jun 3;97:107819. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China. Electronic address:

Tanshinones, the active ingredients derived from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza, have been widely used as traditional medicinal herbs for treating human diseases. Although tanshinones showed anti-inflammatory effects in many studies, large knowledge gaps remain regarding their underlying mechanisms. Here, we identified 15 tanshinones that suppressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and studied their structure-activity relationships. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Jivdaya Charitable Trust, Ahmedabad, India.

Population of white-rumped vulture has not recovered in India to a desired level even after diclofenac was banned in 2006. During 2019, there were two known separate incidents of white-rumped vulture mortality involving four white-rumped vultures in Gujarat. After post-mortem examinations, tissues of all four vultures were received for toxicological investigation at the National Centre for Avian Ecotoxicology, SACON. Read More

Z Rheumatol 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Rheumatologie und Klinische Immunologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.

Colchicine, the toxin of the autumn crocus, has various anti-inflammatory effects. For this reason, it is being used for the treatment of several autoinflammatory diseases, such as gout or familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). In addition, some interesting studies have been published which suggest the benefits of colchicine in cardiovascular diseases. Read More

Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL, US.

AACE Clin Case Rep 2021 May-Jun;7(3):180-183. Epub 2021 Jan 7.

Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.

Objective: We present a patient with pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP) who developed both gout and synovial chondromatosis, in addition to the classical Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy phenotype.

Methods: The patient's clinical course, laboratory data, and imaging are presented.

Results: The patient is a 40-year-old male with no pertinent family history who presented with findings of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy, including short stature, obesity, rounded face, shortened fourth and fifth digits, and osteoma cutis (heterotopic subcutaneous ossification), which required surgical removal for pain relief. Read More

Colorectal Dis 2020 Dec 18;22(12):2288-2297. Epub 2020 Sep 18.

Aim: Aspiration is a common cause of pneumonia in patients with postoperative ileus. Insertion of a nasogastric tube (NGT) is often performed, but this can be distressing. The aim of this study was to determine whether the timing of NGT insertion after surgery (before versus after vomiting) was associated with reduced rates of pneumonia in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. Read More

J Ethnopharmacol 2021 Jun 4;278:114294. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Anti-hyperuricemic plant parts that were selected for this study, are traditionally used to treat gout in Malaysia. Caffeic acid (a hydroxycinnamic acid), apigenin (a flavone), myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol (flavonols), were reported to act as potent xanthine oxidase inhibitors. These compounds can be found in some of the selected ethnomedicinal plants. Read More

Rheumatol Int 2021 Jun 5. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.

Current data demonstrated that severe cases of coronavirus-disease-19 (COVID-19) require treatment with antiviral therapy, dexamethasone, supportive care, as well as some anti-rheumatic drugs, among them, cytokine inhibitors and colchicine. Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory drug that is being used in rheumatology for many years to treat mostly gout, calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, and Familial Mediterranean Fever. Here, we present for the first time, two patients suffering from gout being treated with colchicine, who were affected from severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) syndrome. Read More

J Nutr 2021 Jun 4. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Although fructose as a source of excess calories increases uric acid, the effect of the food matrix is unclear.

Objectives: To assess the effects of fructose-containing sugars by food source at different levels of energy control on uric acid, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.

Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched (through 11 January 2021) for trials ≥ 7 days. Read More

Appetite 2021 Jun 1;166:105433. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.

Past research has mainly focused on the links between child eating behaviors and maternal food practices. The impact of fathers and of concordant/discordant food parenting practices within families has received much less attention. To fill this gap, both parents of 105 French children aged 2. Read More

Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2021 Jun 4:1-12. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Clinical Medicine, University Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain.

Hemodialysis adequately controls serum uric acid (UA) levels, making UA-lowering drugs unnecessary; scant data are available for peritoneal dialysis (PD). We analyzed blood, 24 h urine and dialysis fluid from twenty patients under PD, to assess UA levels and clearances, and factors associated with better performance and maintenance of target levels (<6mg/dL). Median serum UA was 5. Read More

Nutr Cancer 2021 Jun 4:1-9. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Universidade de Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil.

An alternative to reduce the undesirable effects of antineoplastic agents has been the combination of classical treatments with nutritional strategies aimed at reducing systemic toxicity without decreasing the antitumor activity of already used drugs. Within this context, this study evaluated the possible reduction of toxicity when cisplatin treatment is combined with watermelon pulp juice supplementation in C57BL/6 mice with melanoma. Watermelon is a fruit rich in vitamins, minerals, proteins, lycopene, carotene, and xanthophylls, which has shown effectiveness in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, weight loss, urinary infections, gout, hypertension, and mutagenicity. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2021 17;12:676297. Epub 2021 May 17.

Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Traditional Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Key Laboratory of Resources and Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.

Activation of nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in gout. has been confirmed effective for the treatment of gout in hospital preparations. Flavonoids, such as amentoflavone (AM), are the main active components of this medicine. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2021 17;12:661282. Epub 2021 May 17.

Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.

Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been nationally and globally used in treating gout for over a millennium. The potential relationship between the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in gout patients and CHM therapy is unclear. Thus, this study aimed to provide some evidence regarding the relationship between CHM therapy and the occurrence of CKD in gout patients. Read More