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Thyroid 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

School of Medicine. University of Seville, Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Seville, Spain ;

Background: Primary cilia (PC) are conserved structures in the adult thyroid gland of different mammals. We have recently described that, in humans, PC are usually present as a single copy per follicular cell emerging from the follicular cell apex into the follicular lumen.

Methods: To better understand the role developed by PC in thyroid hormonogenesis, we investigated their changes in different human functional thyroid diseases (diffuse toxic hyperplasia/Graves' disease and nodular hyperplasia/nodular goiter), in comparison with normal thyroid tissue, using immunofluorescence, morphometry and electron microscopy analyses. Read More

Ethiop J Health Sci 2019 Jan;29(1):887-894

Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Unit, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Thyro-cardiac disease describes the existence of a combination of thyroid toxicity and significant heart disease in an individual patient. The frequent manifestations of thyro-cardiac disease are hypertension, atrial flutter or fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension and dilated cardiomyopathy. The aim of the study was to determine the pattern and presentation of cardiovascular diseases in patients with hyperthyroidism on follow-up at St. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 3;9:737. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

This article reviews those pathologic lesions which are associated with clinical and/or biochemical hyperthyroidism. Beginning with the descriptive pathology of classical Graves' disease and the less common toxic nodular goiter and hyper-functioning thyroid nodules, this paper describes the effects of non-thyroidal hormones, glandular function (including pituitary and hypothalamic lesions), ectopic production of thyroid stimulating proteins by non-thyroidal neoplasms, exogenous drug reactions causing hyper-function and finally conditions associated with a mechanic- destructive cause of hyperthyroidism. Read More

World J Surg 2019 Apr;43(4):1022-1028

Department of General Surgery, Monash University Endocrine Surgery Unit, The Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.

Background: Since the mid-1800s, thyroidectomy has transformed from a procedure associated with high to near-zero mortality. Nonetheless, surgeons must continue to strive to improve patient care. Using historical records and contemporary data, this study compares the practice and outcomes of thyroid surgery at a tertiary institution during two periods, 50 years apart. Read More

Clin Epidemiol 2018 10;10:1447-1455. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Division or Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK,

Purpose: To estimate the extent of familial aggregation of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and coaggregation of related chronic diseases and assess the relative contribution of environmental and genetic factors on the risks.

Patients And Methods: This population-based study used the Taiwan National Health Insurance database to reconstruct family structure and identify people with T1D and other chronic diseases between 1999 and 2015. Relative risks (RRs) for T1D and other chronic diseases and heritability of T1D were estimated. Read More

Pak J Med Sci 2018 Sep-Oct;34(5):1146-1151

Muhammad Areeb Ashfaq, Medical Student, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the outcome of patients receiving radioactive iodine therapy for toxic nodular goiter coming to Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi.

Methods: A total of 89 patients who visited the outpatient department of Aga Khan University Hospital from January 2010 to August 2017 were recruited for the study. Toxic nodular goiter was diagnosed on the basis of having hot nodule on thyroid scan with low TSH and high FT4/T4. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Sep 25;2018. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Nuclear Medicine Division, Radiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

Neck haematoma following thyroid surgery can present with respiratory distress which is generally attributed to airway obstruction. We recently had a 63-year-old female patient who underwent total thyroidectomy for toxic nodular goitre. However, within 4 hours of surgery, she developed sudden respiratory distress which was managed by prompt evacuation of the neck haematoma. Read More

Horm Metab Res 2018 Sep 5;50(9):653-660. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland.

We aimed to analyze the potential influence of thyroid autoimmunity on visfatin/NAMPT serum concentration and its leukocyte expression in hyperthyroid patients. This is a single-center, cross-sectional study with consecutive enrollment. All patients with newly diagnosed overt hyperthyroidism in a course of Graves' disease or toxic nodular goiter were included in the study. Read More

Endocr Connect 2018 Aug 23. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

F Brandt, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Sønderborg, Denmark

Background: Season of birth, an exogenous indicator of early life environment, has been linked with a higher risk of adverse health outcomes such as autoimmune thyroiditis, multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia later in life. Whether the development and cause of hyperthyroidism is influenced by season of birth is unclarified. We aimed, at a nationwide level, to investigate whether season of birth influences the risk of hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease (GD) and/or toxic nodular goitre (TNG). Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018 Oct;103(10):3668-3677

Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz Germany.

Context: We hypothesized that TSH-receptor (TSHR) stimulating antibodies (TSAbs) are involved in oxidative stress mechanisms in patients with Graves disease (GD).

Methods: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, isoform 2 (NOX2); oxidative parameters; and oxidative burst were measured in serum, urine, and whole blood from patients with GD and control subjects. Superoxide production was investigated in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells stably overexpressing the TSHR. Read More

Endocr Pract 2018 Jul;24(7):628-633

Objective: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and thyroid diseases are highly prevalent in the general population, but the putative link between the 2 conditions remains unclear.

Methods: A monocentric consecutive series of 434 patients with PHPT was retrospectively evaluated by lab and ultrasonography to look for thyroid abnormalities. Patients were classified in 3 groups: without thyroid abnormalities (group 1, n = 171), with thyroid diseases not previously known (group 2a, n = 69), and thyroid diseases previously known (group 2b, n = 194). Read More

Thyroid 2018 10 21;28(10):1261-1269. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

2 Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen, Denmark .

Background: This study aimed to characterize the frequency of self-reported thyroid-related impaired sex life in patients with thyroid diseases, to examine its clinical correlates and relationship with overall quality of life (QOL), and to investigate the effect of treatment.

Patients And Methods: Two separate patient samples with benign thyroid diseases were investigated: a cross-sectional sample (759 women and 118 men) treated at two Danish university hospital outpatient clinics, in 2007-2008, and a longitudinal sample (358 women and 74 men) undergoing treatment at the abovementioned centers, during 2008-2012, evaluated before and 6 months after therapy. The thyroid-specific QOL questionnaire ThyPRO was used to measure patient-evaluated thyroid-related sex life impairment. Read More

Med J Aust 2018 07;209(2):92-98

Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC.

Thyroid nodules are common. Their importance lies in the need to assess thyroid function, degree of and future risk of mass effect, and exclude thyroid cancer, which occurs in 7-15% of thyroid nodules. There are four key components to thyroid nodule assessment: clinical history and examination, serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) measurement, ultrasound and, if indicated, fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Read More

Endocrine 2018 10 2;62(1):144-148. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Ege University Medical Faculty, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disorders, Izmir, Turkey.

Purpose: For the treatment of thyrotoxicosis, alternative treatment modalities may be necessary if anti-thyroid drugs cannot be used due to side effects, inefficiencies, or there is a need to start a rapid action such as thyroid storm. By using therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), it is possible to effectively and rapidly remove the increased thyroid hormones. We evaluated our results and experience on a rapid, effective, and reliable alternative treatment modality in thyrotoxic patients. Read More

Cancer Manag Res 2018 21;10:1201-1207. Epub 2018 May 21.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Wuhou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.

Background: The association between Graves' disease (GD) and thyroid carcinoma remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate incidental thyroid carcinoma (ITC) in surgery-treated hyperthyroid patients with and without GD.

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE for cohort studies investigating ITC in surgery-treated hyperthyroid patients without prediagnosed thyroid carcinoma in accordance with the Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. Read More

Endocr Pract 2018 Jun 24;24(6):573-579. Epub 2018 Apr 24.

Objective: Few studies on hyperthyroidism treatment have been reported in the past 3 decades. We used a nationwide population-based database to evaluate the current practices and management of hyperthyroidism in Taiwan.

Methods: This retrospective study included a random selection of 1 million people in Taiwan between 2004 and 2010. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 6;2018:1316390. Epub 2018 Feb 6.

Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego St. 49, 60-355 Poznań, Poland.

Purpose: Our aim was to analyze NAMPT expression in thyroid tissue derived from patients with Graves' disease with (GD) and without (GO) orbitopathy, patients with toxic nodular goiters (TNG) and thyroid cancers (TC), and healthy controls.

Methods: 153 thyroid tissue samples of consecutive patients who underwent thyroidectomy were collected. Previous therapy with steroids was an exclusion criterion. Read More

Endokrynol Pol 2018 5;69(3):235-240. Epub 2018 Mar 5.

Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences; Department of Pharmacology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases constitute a major cause of health problems and death in developed countries across the world. The increased value of the index of distribution of red blood cells volume (RDW) may be a prognostic marker in patients diagnosed with chronic heart failure (CHF). Hypothyroid patients present higher RDW values if compared to healthy controls. Read More

Int J Hyperthermia 2018 08 22;34(5):631-635. Epub 2018 Feb 22.

b Studio Tiroide Prof. De Feo , Perugia , Italy.

Purpose: To confirm the effectiveness of laser ablation on toxic nodules in a large population with three years of follow-up.

Material And Methods: Between 2009 and 2014, we treated 82 patients with hyperthyroidism related to the presence of a toxic nodular goitre. Patients were pre-treated pharmacologically with methimazole prior to single session of laser ablation (LA) and then followed up every 3 months with FT4 and TSH blood tests as well as ultrasound examination of the nodules treated. Read More

J Endocrinol Invest 2018 Sep 20;41(9):1019-1028. Epub 2018 Jan 20.

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Egas Moniz, Lisbon's Occidental Center of Hospitals, Estrada do Forte do Alto do Duque, 1449-005, Lisbon, Portugal.

Background: Graves' disease (GD) arising after the treatment of toxic multinodular goitre (TMNG) with radioiodine has long been described but it remained unclear whether GD was in fact iodine induced, its incidence, risk factors, natural history and treatment outcomes.

Methods: A systematic search using The Cochrane Library, Medline and PubMed Central allowed the pooling of data from 3633 patients with thyroid autonomy, 1340 patients with TMNG, to fill gaps in knowledge, regarding the clinical expression of iodine-induced GD (I-IGD) in adults.

Results: I-IGD developed in 0-5. Read More

N Z Med J 2018 01 19;131(1468):69-74. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Endocrinologist, Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland, Hamilton.

Background: Previously the risk of concomitant thyroid cancer in multinodular goitre (MNG) has been reported as approximately 4%. Cancer risk in toxic MNG was often considered lower than for non-toxic MNG, due to a possible protective effect of TSH suppression. However, recent American data suggest an approximately 18% risk of occult malignancy in both toxic and non-toxic MNG. Read More

Endocrine 2018 01 2;59(1):137-142. Epub 2017 Dec 2.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 6, 5000, Odense, Denmark.

Purpose: Graves' disease (GD) and toxic nodular goiter (TNG) are associated with various comorbidities. However, it is unclarified whether TNG and GD without orbitopathy are associated with glaucoma.

Methods: This was a case-control study using record-linkage data from nationwide Danish health registers. Read More

Cureus 2017 Sep 17;9(9):e1695. Epub 2017 Sep 17.

Department of Surgery, Duzce University Medical Faculty.

Thyroid hemiagenesis (TH) is a rare congenital anomaly that is usually asymptomatic. Functional disorders of the thyroid make the patient symptomatic. TH is usually and incidentally established during evaluation of patients with symptomatic thyroid pathology. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2017 11 13;47(5):1509-1519. Epub 2017 Nov 13.

Background/aim: To evaluate the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules in different clinical thyroid diseases. Materials and methods: Patients who underwent thyroidectomy between 2007 and 2014 were grouped as euthyroid, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid. Further classification was made depending on the presence of solitary/multiple thyroid nodules. Read More

Med Arch 2017 Aug;71(4):270-273

Clinic of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrinology, University Clinical Center Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Introduction: Consensus hasn't been yet achieved about optimal dose quantity that could prevent post therapy hypothyroidism, thus dosing approach varies among different centers. I131 doses can be fixed or calculated, although treatment outcomes don't differ significantly according to recent acknowledgments.

Aim: Determination of the incidence of hypothyroidism after radioiodine treatment (I131) in dependence of hyperthyroidism etiology and quantity of applied doses. Read More

World J Surg 2018 02;42(2):384-392

Department of Endocrine Surgery, Third Chair of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 37 Prądnicka Street, 31-202, Kraków, Poland.

Background: The aim of this study was to validate in a 10-year follow-up the initial outcomes of various thyroid resection methods for multinodular non-toxic goiter (MNG) reported in World J Surg 2010;34:1203-13.

Materials And Methods: Six hundred consenting patients with MNG were randomized to three groups of 200 patients each: total thyroidectomy (TT), Dunhill operation (DO), bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy (BST). Obligatory follow-up period of 60 months was extended up to 120 months for all the consenting patients. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Sep 12;2017. Epub 2017 Sep 12.

Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.

Transl Neurosci 2017 30;8:27-30. Epub 2017 Apr 30.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: Some of the thyroid disorders (TD) and Myasthenia gravis (MG) are autoimmune related disease. The purpose of the study to evaluate the relationship of MG with all morphological and functional thyroid disorders.

Methods: We constructed a population-based cohort study during the period from January 2000-December 2002 by using reimbursement data from the Bureau National Health Insurance (NHI) system in Taiwan. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2017 Sep;38(9):756-763

aNuclear Medicine Department, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie Oncopole, Institut Claudius Regaud bFaculty of Medicine, Paul Sabatier University cNuclear Medicine Department dEndocrinology Department, Larrey Hospital, University Hospitals of Toulouse eCancer Research Center of Toulouse, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.

Radioiodine is a therapeutic option in Europe for Graves' disease (GD) and toxic multinodular goiter (MNG).

Purpose: To compare empiric and calculated I activities using 2013 EANM recommendations. To look for predictive factors of therapeutic response to an empiric activity of I. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2017 Jun;95(11):710-716

Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Subclinical hyperthyroidism is defined by a low or undetectable serum thyroid-stimulating hormone level, with normal free thyroxine and total or free triiodothyronine levels. It can be caused by increased endogenous production of thyroid hormone (e.g. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2018 15;53:517-521. Epub 2017 May 15.

Department of Clinical Surgical Sciences, The University of West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.

Background: The external branch of the Superior Laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) is at high risk of injury in surgery for large multinodular goitre (MNG) since the upper pole is high in the neck, well cephalad to the EBSLN. We present a technique of drawing the lobe caudally by retrograde thyroidectomy in order to minimize nerve injury.

Design & Method: All patients having surgery for benign MNG were included. Read More

Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2017 Nov - Dec;36(6):356-361. Epub 2017 Jun 12.

Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital POVISA, Vigo, España.

Objective: To assess the outcome after I treatment in patients with multinodular (MNG) and nodular toxic goitre (NTG) according to the administered dose and other factors related to the patient, pathology, or previous treatments.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 108 patients (67 MNG and 41 NTG) treated in our department, with a follow-up period of at least 2 years. Development of hypothyroidism and treatment failure were evaluated along with their relationship with the administered dose and other factors such as age, sex, grade of hyperthyroidism, type of goitre, presence of autoimmunity, or previous antithyroid medication. Read More

Clin Med (Lond) 2017 Jun;17(3):274-277

King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London

Graves' disease (GD) and toxic nodular (TN) goitre account for most cases of thyrotoxicosis associated with hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is confirmed with measurement of a suppressed serum thyrotropin concentration (TSH) and elevated free thyroid hormones. The three therapeutic options are antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine and surgery. Read More

Head Neck 2017 07 11;39(7):1287-1290. Epub 2017 May 11.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

Background: The superior parathyroid gland is known to be almost constant in its location under the false thyroid capsule. Could it be a landmark to point to the site of incision of the false thyroid capsule and find the plane of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thyroidectomy?

Methods: The study included 48 patients with benign goiter scheduled for hemithyroidectomy or total thyroidectomy; there were 16 cases of solitary thyroid nodules, 27 cases of multinodular goiter, and 5 cases of toxic goiter.

Results: This study included 80 lobectomies. Read More

Thyroid 2017 07 5;27(7):878-885. Epub 2017 Jun 5.

6 Department of Clinical Research and Education, Sodersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm, Sweden .

Background: Previous research has suggested an increased risk of death and cardiovascular disease in patients treated for hyperthyroidism. However, studies on this subject are heterogeneous, often based on old data, or have not considered the impact that treatment for hyperthyroidism might have on cardiovascular risk. It is also unclear whether long-term prognosis differs between Graves' disease and toxic nodular goiter. Read More

Headache 2017 Feb 27;57(2):285-289. Epub 2016 Dec 27.

Neuroradiology Private Practice.

A 33-year-old female is presented with the first case to our knowledge of new daily persistent headache (NDPH) with a large right benign non-toxic multinodular goiter causing carotid and vertebral compression with complete resolution of the headache immediately after thyroidectomy. Although this may be quite rare, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism causing NDPH, migraine, or an exacerbation of pre-existing migraine is not. Clinicians should consider routinely obtaining serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 in patients with new onset frequent headaches or an exacerbation of prior primary headaches. Read More

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2016 Oct 13;124(9):572-576. Epub 2016 Oct 13.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.

Earlier studies suggest increased serum levels of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) in some cases with non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of hypothyroidism in patients with nodular toxic goitre and toxic adenoma at 12 months after radioactive iodine therapy in the relation to TPOAb levels. The study comprised 100 patients (83 females; 17 males) treated with radioactive iodine therapy. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016 20;7:131. Epub 2016 Sep 20.

Center for Excellence in Thyroid Care, Kuma Hospital , Kobe , Japan.

Background: A germline mutation of gene was reported as a novel genetic abnormality associated with familial multinodular goiter. That report was limited, and the pathogenic features were not well established.

Patient Findings: We report a 47-year-old Japanese woman who presented with hyperthyroidism and a large multinodular goiter. Read More

Endocrinol Nutr 2016 Oct 21;63(8):380-6. Epub 2016 Aug 21.

Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Background And Aim: Although the prevalence of MNG is widespread throughout the world, its pathogenesis is poorly understood, and the complex interactions of both genetic predisposition and the individuals' environment are likely. However, to the best of our knowledge, it remains unknown whether there is a relationship between vitamin D status and prevalence or pathogenesis of euthyroid MNG. Therefore, the goal of the present study was determination of vitamin D status in euthyroid MNG as well as exploration of the correlation between vitamin D status & TSH levels. Read More

Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2015 Oct;24(3):135-7

Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aydın, Turkey Phone: +90 256 444 12 56 E-mail:

Graves' disease (GD) may be observed as an infrequent adverse effect after radioiodine therapy (RAIT) for toxic thyroid adenoma (TA) and toxic multi nodular goiter (MNG). We present a case of a 55-year-old male with a toxic nodule who was treated with RAI. After therapy, the patient's serum free triiodothyronine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) levels gradually increased. Read More

Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2015 Oct;24(3):100-4

Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aydın, Turkey Phone: +90 256 444 12 56 E-mail:

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the treatment outcomes in patients with toxic nodular goiter (TNG) that received radioiodine treatment (RAIT) and to determine the influence of age, gender, nodule size, I-131 dose, underlying etiology and antithyroid drugs on the outcomes of RAIT.

Methods: Two hundred thirty three patients (mean 64±10 years old) with TNG that received RAIT were included in the study. Treatment success was analyzed according to demographic (age and gender) and clinical data (thyroid function tests before and after RAIT, thyroid sonography and scintigraphy, I-131 dose, antithyroid drugs). Read More

Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2015 Oct;24(3):94-9

Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Edirne, Turkey Phone: +90 284 235 76 41-10 42 E-mail:

Objective: Geriatric patient population has special importance due to particular challenges. In addition to the increase in incidence of toxic nodular goiter (TNG) with age, it has a high incidence in the regions of low-medium iodine intake such as in our country. The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall outcome of high fixed dose radioiodine (RAI) therapy, and investigate the particular differences in the geriatric patient population. Read More

Genet Mol Res 2016 Aug 5;15(3). Epub 2016 Aug 5.

Division of Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey

The D727E germline polymorphism in the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor gene (TSHR) may cause genetic susceptibility to the development of goiter. Therefore, in this study we investigated allele frequencies and genotype distributions of the TSHR D727E polymorphism, their association with clinical parameters, and the development of goiter in the Turkish population. We investigated the TSHR D727E polymorphism in 123 patients and 97 healthy subjects using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Read More

Med J Aust 2016 Aug;205(4):179-84

Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA

Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) testing is the best screening tool for thyroid dysfunction. When TSH levels are in the reference range, additional tests such as free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine or thyroid antibodies rarely add value, except in patients with pituitary disease, when TSH is unreliable. Overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism with TSH levels > 10 mU/L can be treated without further investigation. Read More

Laryngoscope 2017 06 2;127(6):1483-1490. Epub 2016 Aug 2.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether a difference exists in hematoma rates following thyroidectomy for any of the following subgroups of patients: Graves disease, toxic nodular goiter (TNG), and malignancy.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed for all relevant English and French language studies (1946-2015) using Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed. Read More

Nuklearmedizin 2016 Dec 2;55(6):228-235. Epub 2016 Aug 2.

Dr. Fengyu Wu, Haier Road 59, Qingdao 266003, China, E-Mail:

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of rhTSH stimulation before I treatment in patients with MNG.

Methods: Sources included the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS database (all until January 2016). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed the efficacy of rhTSH-stimulated I treatment compared to placebo or I treatment alone were collected. Read More

Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2017 Jan - Feb;36(1):7-12. Epub 2016 Jul 12.

Hospital Universitario de San Juan de Alicante, San Juan de Alicante, España.

Aim: Stimulation with recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) increases thyroid radioiodine uptake, and is an aid to I therapy in non-toxic multinodular goitre (MNG). However, there are not many studies using rhTSH prior to I in toxic multinodular goitre to improve hyperthyroidism and compressive symptoms.

Material And Method: A prospective study was conducted on patients with MNG and hyperthyroidism. Read More

Thyroid 2016 08;26(8):1010-8

1 Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen, Denmark .

Background: The treatment of hyperthyroidism is aimed at improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and reducing morbidity and mortality. However, few studies have used validated questionnaires to assess HRQoL prospectively in such patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of hyperthyroidism and its treatment on HRQoL using validated disease-specific and generic questionnaires. Read More

Endokrynol Pol 2016 27;67(4):375-82. Epub 2016 Jun 27.

Department of Pathophysiology and Endocrinology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice.

Introduction: Determination of gene-candidates' profile expression responsible for fibrosis, immunosuppression, angiogenesis, and neoplasia processes in the pathogenesis of thyroid gland disease.

Material And Methods: Sixty-three patients underwent thyroidectomy: 27 with non-toxic nodular goitre (NG), 22 with toxic nodular goitre (TNG), six with papillary cancer (PTC), and eight with Graves' disease (GD). In thyroid tissues, transcriptional activity of TGFbeta1 and its receptors TGFbetaRI, TGFbetaRII, and TGFbetaRIII genes were assessed using RT-qPCR (Reverse Transcriptase Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction). Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2016 Jun;95(6):236-9

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Queens Hospital, Rom Valley Way, Romford, Essex RM7 0AG, UK.

We present a retrospective case series of patients with hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer. Our goal was to look at their clinical characteristics and outcomes to determine which patients would require further investigation. We reviewed the case notes of all patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of thyroid cancer and biochemical evidence of hyperthyroidism who had been treated at a thyroid cancer center from January 2006 through October 2013. Read More