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Iran J Immunol 2022 Jun;19(2)

Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.

Background: Several autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, including autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), have been linked to Th17 cells and the IL-23/IL-17 axis. Current data suggest that genetic variation contributes greatly to disease susceptibility to AITD.

Objectives: To study the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-23/IL-17 pathway in AITD predisposition and test the gene-gene/gene-sex interactions in these loci. Read More

Anat Histol Embryol 2022 Jun 28. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

The pineal gland is a small-sized, photo neuroendocrine organ in the midline of the brain that synthesises and secretes melatonin and serotonin. Chords and islands of pinealocytes constitute the secretory parenchyma, while glial tissue and calcifications represent degenerative changes. This study examined human postmortem pineal glands to microscopically assess morphological changes possibly associated with clinical data, by using digital techniques. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jun 24;101(25):e29337. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Rationale: Hypoglycemia is an emergent condition with many causes, including underlying diabetes mellitus either with the use of insulin or oral anti-diabetic medications for glucose control, and organ (heart, hepatic, or renal) failure. Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) can also cause hypoglycemia, however it is relatively difficult to diagnose as it is rare clinically. Although uncommon, IAS can be life threatening in patients with persistent hypoglycemia. Read More

Recenti Prog Med 2022 Jun;113(6):11e-14e

We present the case of a 65 years old patient with Graves disease associated with hyperthyroidism and a medical history of bipolar disorder treated with lithium. Hyperthyroidism was initially treated with high-dose methimazole monotherapy and later the patient developed overt hypothyroidism (clinical and biochemical), but without remission of the underlying autoimmune disease. A "block and replace" therapeutic regimen was then started with reduced methimazole doses in combination with levothyroxine, which resulted in a short time in normalization of the hormonal profile and significant improvement of the clinical picture. Read More

Diagnostics (Basel) 2022 Jun 1;12(6). Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Department of Radiologic and Isotopic Diagnositcs and Therapy, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland.

Aim Of The Study: To determine the value of dynamic examinations ultrasound (US) and MRI in the 1.5T field in the assessment of the mobility of vocal folds (VF) in comparison to laryngoscopy in patients with thyroid gland resection.

Materials And Methods: A total of 44 patients with goiter, before and after thyroidectomy, were subjected to videolaryngoscopy and dynamic examinations of the vocal folds using ultrasound and the following MRI sequences: generic gradient echo (GRE) and true fast imaging with steady-state precession (TRUFI). Read More

Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022 Jun 20;553:111679. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

The State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361005, China. Electronic address:

As an essential primary hormone, thyroid hormone (TH) is indispensable for human growth, development and metabolism. Impairment of TH function in several aspects, including TH synthesis, activation, transportation and receptor-dependent transactivation, can eventually lead to thyroid hormone resistance syndrome (RTH). RTH is a rare syndrome that manifests as a reduced target cell response to TH signaling. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022 Jun 2;78:103861. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Surgery, Diyarbakir Education and Research Hospital, 21400, Diyarbakir, Turkey.

Introduction: Primary thyroid tuberculosis (TB) is rare even in countries where TB disease is endemic, with the prevalence ranging from 0.1 to 1.15%. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2022 31;41:265. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Ear, Neck, Throat Department, Face and Neck Surgery, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.

Compressive goitre is a public health emergency due to the risk of asphyxia caused by compression of bronchial tree. We report the case of a 48-year-old female patient presenting to the emergency department with laryngeal dyspnea due to compressive goitre. We conducted a study and a literature review focusing on the clinical and radiological features of compressive goitre and different treatment options. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2022 30;41:260. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Introduction: iodine deficiency remains a foremost public health problem in developing countries. About 66 million populations were at risk from iodine deficiency, 28 million people suffer from goiter and more than 50,000 prenatal deaths are related to iodine deficiency each year in Ethiopia. Besides, studies from different parts of Ethiopia have shown that a low proportion of households use adequate iodine concentration and varied from one household to another. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 6;13:824124. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Pathology Division, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a form of kidney disease that is idiopathic in 70%-80% of cases. Glomerular involvement in autoimmune thyroiditis can occur in 10%-30% of patients, and MN manifests in association with Hashimoto thyroiditis in up to 20% of the cases with glomerular involvement. Reports of MN associated with Graves' disease (GD) are extremely rare in the current literature. Read More

Endocr Connect 2022 Jun 1. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

D Vriens, Department of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.

Objective: This study assessed the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients undergoing FDG-PET/CT for an indeterminate (Bethesda III/IV) thyroid nodule. FDG-PET/CT accurately rules out malignancy and prevents 40% of futile diagnostic surgeries in these nodules.

Design: Secondary analyses of HRQoL data from a randomised controlled multicentre trial (NCT02208544) in 126 patients from 15 hospitals in the Netherlands. Read More

BMJ Open 2022 Jun 21;12(6):e050337. Epub 2022 Jun 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Inje University College of Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea (the Republic of)

Objectives: The clinical course of thyroid eye disease (TED) is heterogeneous and predicting patients who may develop the severe sequelae of the disease is difficult. In this study, we evaluated the longitudinal association between changes in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor antibody (TRAb) levels and course of disease activity and severity over time.

Design: This was a multicentre, prospective, observational study. Read More

N Z Med J 2022 Feb 4;135(1549):43-49. Epub 2022 Feb 4.

FRACS, Breast, Endocrine, Laparoscopic and Melanoma Surgeon, Department of General Surgery, Waitematā DHB, Auckland.

Aim: To describe indications and outcomes of total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease in a large New Zealand endocrine surgery unit, and to compare these results to international studies.

Methods: We analysed a prospectively collected database to describe the indications and outcomes of surgery for Graves' disease between December 2001 and January 2021.

Results: Among 64 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy at our tertiary centre for Graves' hyperthyroidism, Graves' ophthalmopathy and patient preference/aversion to radioactive iodine were the most common indications for surgery. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

The Head and Neck Cancer Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Purpose: Various thyroid pathologies are speculated to contribute to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The underlying mechanisms of the intricate relationship between OSA and thyroid structure and function, and whether thyroidectomy can alleviate OSA symptoms remain unclear. An assessment of the impact of thyroidectomy on OSA is warranted. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2022 Jun 20:1-5. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia, Italy.

Background: Graves' disease occurrence during pregnancy is not a frequent event, showing an incidence of 0.2-0.4% in unselected pregnant women. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 31;13:841888. Epub 2022 May 31.

Institute of Automation and Control, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.

Background: Methimazole (MMI) is the first-line treatment for patients with Graves' disease (GD). While there are empirical recommendations for initial MMI doses, there is no clear guidance for subsequent MMI dose titrations. We aimed to (a) develop a mathematical model capturing the dynamics of free thyroxine (FT4) during MMI treatment (b), validate this model by use of numerical simulation in comparison with real-life patient data (c), develop the software application Digital Thyroid (DigiThy) serving either as a practice tool for treating virtual patients or as a decision support system with dosing recommendations for MMI, and (d) validate this software framework by comparing the efficacy of its MMI dosing recommendations with that from clinical endocrinologists. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 26;13:879824. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai, China.

Background: Although the pathogenetic mechanisms of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) have been elucidated, the molecular mechanisms by which the abnormal immune function of cellular subpopulations trigger an autoimmune attack on thyroid tissue largely remains unexplained.

Methods: The study included 2 HT patients, 2 GD patients, and 1 control donor. The thyroid samples were extracted for single-cell RNA sequencing, whole transcriptome, full-length transcriptome (Oxford Nanopore Technologies), and metabolome sequencing. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 14;14(5):e24992. Epub 2022 May 14.

Basic Sciences, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK.

Background Radioactive iodine (RAI) is the treatment of choice for most patients with primary hyperthyroidism. The most common etiologies of hyperthyroidism are Graves' disease (GD), toxic adenoma (TA), and toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG). A single dose of RAI is usually sufficient to cure hyperthyroidism. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jun 17;101(24):e29402. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.

Abstract: Katanin subunits p60 and p80 are involved in microtubule-mediated cytoskeletal organization during cell division. Their aberrant expression has been found in prostate, breast, and non-small cell lung (NSCLC) cancers. It has recently been reported that compared with adjacent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues, both are highly expressed in tumor tissues. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2022 May;72(5):843-849

Department of Surgery, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.

Objective: To study multinodular goitre patients' surgery by direct observation of surgical technique, and to compare complications with surgeons' skills and experience, for improved training of future thyroid surgeons.

Methods: Based on positivist epistemology and analytical observational design, this prospective double-blind study of a cohort of multinodular goitre patients operated upon by variedly experienced surgeons, was conducted at Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur and Nishtar Medical University Hospital Multan, Pakistan, from December 2016 to April 2019. Patients were admitted through outpatient department and operated upon in routine operation lists. Read More

Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2022 Jun 16. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is a successful therapeutic modality for Graves' disease. However, RAI therapy can fail, and RAI therapy after antithyroid drugs (ATDs) has a lower remission rate. Therefore, many patients require repeated RAI therapy. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 06 16;6:CD009226. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Moorfields and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology BMRC, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Background: Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is the most frequent extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease, affecting up to 50% of patients. It has a great impact on quality of life. Rituximab (RTX) is a human/murine chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets the CD20 receptor on B-lymphocytes. Read More

Mol Syndromol 2022 May 12;13(3):200-205. Epub 2022 Jan 12.

Branch of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey.

Pelger-Huet anomaly (PHA) is a benign hematological anomaly that is characterized by impaired lobulation of neutrophils with a coarse nuclear chromatin. Skeletal abnormalities may accompany this anomaly. Autosomal recessive deafness-4 (DFNB4) with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) comprises a phenotypic spectrum of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 30;13:900791. Epub 2022 May 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Periostin is a matricellular protein that is ubiquitously expressed in normal human tissues and is involved in pathologic mechanism of chronic inflammatory and fibrotic disease. In this study we investigate periostin in the pathogenesis of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) using human orbital adipose tissue obtained from surgery and primary cultured orbital fibroblasts . POSTN (gene encoding periostin) expression in Graves' orbital tissues and healthy control tissues was studied, and the role of periostin in GO pathologic mechanism was examined through small-interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing. Read More

Transl Cancer Res 2022 May;11(5):1457-1462

Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.

Background: Epidermoid cysts, which are rarely malignant, are common skin cysts. A giant epidermoid cyst is an epidermoid cyst with a diameter of >5 cm.

Case Description: The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical presentation, surgery, and postoperative pathological tissue of a 69-year-old man who presented with a giant epidermoid cyst in the abdomen with heterogeneous hyperplasia of squamous epithelium in part of the cyst wall. Read More

J Clin Pathol 2022 Jun 14. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Anatomic Pathology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy

Aims: Several papers have shown that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a relevant predictive biomarker in anti-PD-L1 cancer immunotherapy. While its role in several human cancers is correlated with poor prognosis and resistance to anticancer therapies, in thyroid cancers the role of PD-L1 remains questionable. Few articles have studied PD-L1 in thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), demonstrating a possible correlation with papillary thyroid carcinoma. Read More

BMC Endocr Disord 2022 Jun 13;22(1):157. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Tamba Medical Center, Tamba, Japan.

Background: On rare occasions, there can be a transition from Hashimoto's to Graves' disease. However, there are no reported cases of transition from Hashimoto's to Graves' disease triggered by the onset of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Case Presentation: Sixteen years prior, a 55-year-old woman was diagnosed with Hashimoto's disease and followed up without medication. Read More

Eur J Med Res 2022 Jun 13;27(1):92. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center, Berliner Str. 41, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.

Endocrine orbitopathy is typically treated by resecting orbital walls. This procedure reduces intraorbital pressure by releasing intraorbital tissue, effectively alleviating the symptoms. However, selection of an appropriate surgical plan for treatment of endocrine orbitopathy requires careful consideration because predicting the effects of one-, two-, or three-wall resections on the release of orbital tissues is difficult. Read More

J Hosp Med 2022 Jun 13. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Background: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is ordered commonly among inpatients, but the possibility of nonthyroidal illness syndrome challenges interpretation.

Objective: Our objective was to obtain Canadian consensus on appropriate indications for ordering TSH in the first 48 h following presentation of a noncritically ill internal medicine patient.

Design, Setting And Participants: Canadian endocrinologists with inpatient expertise were invited via snowball sampling to an online 3-round Delphi study. Read More

Dis Markers 2022 3;2022:4354595. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Department Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), National Guard Health Affairs (NGHA), King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) are the most common types of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), and both are characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes into the thyroid gland. Moreover, autoimmune diseases like HT have a higher risk of developing lymphoma. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and association of lymphoma in patients with AITD. Read More