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Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022 May 24:1945998221100829. Epub 2022 May 24.

Department Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Objective: To determine how often children with airway injury at the time of tracheostomy develop airway stenosis.

Study Design: A 7-year retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of pediatric patients who underwent endotracheal intubation followed by tracheostomy with concurrent and follow-up direct laryngoscopy.

Setting: Tertiary care hospital. Read More

Laryngoscope 2022 May 24. Epub 2022 May 24.

Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A.

Objectives/hypothesis: Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is a functionally devastating condition with high respiratory morbidity and mortality. This preliminary study investigates airflow dynamics and stenotic drug delivery in patients with one- and two-level LTS.

Study Design: A Computational Modeling Restropective Cohort Study. Read More

J Burn Care Res 2022 Apr 29. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Department of Burns, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.

Long-term laryngotracheal complications (LTLC) after inhalation injury (II) are an under-recognised condition in patients with burns. The purpose of this study was to systematically review all available evidence on LTLC after II and identify gaps in knowledge to guide the direction of future research. A scoping review was performed to synthesize all available evidence on LTLC after II, as guided by the question, "What are the LTLC after II, in patients with or without a history of translaryngeal intubation and/or tracheostomy?". Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Jun 26;157:111118. Epub 2022 Mar 26.

Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Introduction: Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality and is associated with a higher incidence of congenital heart defects, which often require surgery within the first year of life. Previous studies have found that children with Down syndrome are at higher risk for subglottic stenosis, vocal fold paralysis, and laryngomalacia. The goal of this study is to review children with Down syndrome presenting with dysphonia and to characterize their laryngeal pathologies. Read More

BMC Emerg Med 2022 03 31;22(1):55. Epub 2022 Mar 31.

Advanced Critical Care and Emergency Center , Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafunecho Minamiku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 232-0024, Japan.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is often performed to assess patients; however, little is known about how airway size measured by CT scan imaging might influence the occurrence of post-extubation upper airway obstruction.

Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the association between airway size measured by CT and the incidence of post-extubation upper airway obstruction symptoms for each sex. This single-center observational study was conducted at a tertiary emergency medical center/severe trauma center with a 12-bed intensive care unit. Read More

BMC Anesthesiol 2022 03 18;22(1):73. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 108 Military Central Hospital, No.1 Tran Hung Dao Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Ha Noi City, 100000, Vietnam.

Background: Tracheal resection and reconstruction are the most effective treatments for tracheal stenosis, but the difficulties are surgery and maintaining ventilation performed on the patient's same airway. High-flow oxygen has begun to be applied to prolong the apnoea time in the tracheal anastomosis period for tracheal resection and reconstruction. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of apneic conditions with high-flow oxygen as the sole method of gas exchange during anastomosis construction. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Feb 22;23(5). Epub 2022 Feb 22.

Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, University Hospital of Modena, 41121 Modena, Italy.

Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is a complex and heterogeneous disease whose pathogenesis remains unclear. LTS is considered to be the result of aberrant wound-healing process that leads to fibrotic scarring, originating from different aetiology. Although iatrogenic aetiology is the main cause of subglottic or tracheal stenosis, also autoimmune and infectious diseases may be involved in causing LTS. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022 Mar;32(3):373-376

Department of General Surgery, Yusra Medical & Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Objective: To ascertain the outcome of primary resection anastomosis in patients of post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) and the associated morbidity.

Study Design: A case series.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, (CMH) Rawalpindi, Lahore and Multan from January 2010 to August 2018. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2021 Dec 30:34894211065805. Epub 2021 Dec 30.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Objectives: Transoral laser surgery for glottic stenosis (transverse cordotomy and anteromedial arytenoidectomy (TCAMA)) is often complicated by granulation tissue (GT) formation. GT can cause dyspnea and may require surgical removal to alleviate airway obstruction. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have been shown to reduce benign vocal fold granulomas, however its use to prevent GT formation has not been described. Read More

Orv Hetil 2021 12 26;162(52):2100-2106. Epub 2021 Dec 26.

1 Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Fül-Orr-Gégészeti és Fej-Nyaksebészeti Klinika Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 111., 6725.

Összefoglaló. A veleszületett légúti szűkületek gyakran kombináltan jelentkeznek, és más szervrendszert is érintő kísérőbetegségekkel, illetve malformációkkal is társulhatnak. Figyelembe véve ezeket a tényezőket, illetve a csecsemőkori légút speciális anatómiáját és sérülékeny szöveteit, a felső légúti szűkületek sebészi kezelése újszülött- és csecsemőkorban igen nagy kihívást jelentő feladat, melynek célja a mihamarabbi definitív, stabil légút biztosítása a hangképzés és a nyelési funkció megőrzésével. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Dec;100(50):e28106

Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Introduction: Transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) is one of the most common operations performed for glottic lesions. Several protection measures are taken to prevent tracheal damage. However, some protection measures and common postoperative complications may still cause delayed tracheal rupture in certain situations. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 Dec 7:1945998211064275. Epub 2021 Dec 7.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Objective: To offer pragmatic, evidence-informed advice on administering corticosteroids in otolaryngology during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, considering therapeutic efficacy, potential adverse effects, susceptibility to COVID-19, and potential effects on efficacy of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19.

Data Sources: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, and guideline databases.

Review Methods: Guideline search strategies, supplemented by database searches on sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), idiopathic facial nerve paralysis (Bell's palsy), sinonasal polyposis, laryngotracheal disorders, head and neck oncology, and pediatric otolaryngology, prioritizing systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and COVID-19-specific findings. Read More

Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2021 Dec 3;92(3). Epub 2021 Dec 3.

Department of Cardiothoracic Medicine, St George's University Hospital NHS Trust, London.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a significant increase in the number of tracheostomised patients in hospitals requiring ventilatory support. These patients require highly specialist care, but overwhelmed hospital systems with stretched human resources potentially leave these patients cared for by undertrained healthcare professionals. We describe a rare complication where a routine COVID-19 swab done incorrectly via a tracheostomy tube, resulted in a snapped-off swab in the trachea. Read More

Chest 2021 11;160(5):e499-e501

Pulmonology Division, School of Medicine, Pontifcal Catholic University Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), or blastomycosis in South America, is a systemic granulomatous mycosis related to activities associated with soil management, especially agriculture. PCM restricted to tracheobronchial tree region has not yet been reported. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Mar 29;279(3):1391-1396. Epub 2021 Oct 29.

Department of Otolaryngology, Koç University School of Medicine, Koç University Hospital, Davutpaşa Cad. Topkapı, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose: To analyze the reason for the diversity of the clinical course of subglottic cysts and discuss their pre- and coexistence with subglottic stenosis.

Methods: The medical records of patients who were treated for subglottic cysts between 2003 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed and direct laryngoscopy videos were analyzed to assess the healing patterns of their disease.

Results: Of the 15 patients, 10 had a history of intubation in the neonatal period. Read More

Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021 Dec;29(6):437-444

Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery.

Purpose Of Review: Dysphonia has been described as a major symptom of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). A literature review examining this topic was undertaken and is presented here, combined with insights from our experience in managing patients with laryngeal complications following mechanical ventilation for severe COVID-19 pneumonitis.

Recent Findings: Naunheim et al. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2021 Aug;9(24):7175-7180

Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.

Background: Geleophysic dysplasia (GD) presents the characterized clinical manifestations of acromelic dysplasia, including extremely short stature, short limbs, small hands and feet, stubby fingers and toes, joint stiffness and others. It is clinically distinct from the other acromelic dysplasia in terms of symptoms such as cardiac valvular abnormalities, progressive hepatomegaly and tracheal stenosis.

Case Summary: We report on a Chinese 9-year-old girl with GD with the c. Read More

Laryngoscope 2022 05 18;132(5):1075-1081. Epub 2021 Sep 18.

Otorhinolaryngology Service, Department of Laryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, São Paulo State Civil Servants Hospital - FMO/IAMSPE, São Paulo, Brazil.

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate the incidence of lesions and severe sequelae and the risk factors for the development of laryngotracheal lesions after orotracheal intubation (OTI) in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we evaluated patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were consecutively admitted to a tertiary hospital and required OTI from March 1, 2020 to October 31, 2020. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2021 Nov 3;150:110892. Epub 2021 Sep 3.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address:

Objectives: The posterior cricoid split with rib graft is a procedure that elegantly corrects pediatric posterior glottic stenosis and subglottic stenosis. Currently, the procedure requires harvesting of rib cartilage which leaves room for optimization. With use of three dimensional printing technology, our objective was to design a device that would negate the need for costal cartilage harvesting in this procedure. Read More

Laryngoscope 2022 05 8;132(5):1061-1068. Epub 2021 Sep 8.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Objectives/hypothesis: This study aimed to analyze the feasibility of transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) during laryngeal microsurgery (LMS) and investigated its efficiency and application according to the location of the lesion.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: Patients over 20 years of age who underwent LMS without underlying cardiac, pulmonary, or cerebrovascular disease were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022 Apr 5;279(4):1655-1662. Epub 2021 Sep 5.

Department of Ear, Throat and Nose Diseases of N.V. Sklifosovsky Clinical Medicine Institute of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 6/1, Bol'shayaPirogovskaya St., 119021, Moscow, Russia.

Objective: Review literature data on the coblation method in otorhinolaryngology.

Materials And Methods: All materials from our study are published in peer-reviewed journals. The review is PubMed generated. Read More

OTO Open 2021 Jul-Sep;5(3):2473974X211041040. Epub 2021 Aug 24.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Objective: Patients with COVID-19 are at risk for laryngeal injury and dysfunction secondary to respiratory failure, prolonged intubation, and other unique facets of this illness. Our goal is to report clinical features and treatment for patients presenting with voice, airway, and/or swallowing concerns postacute COVID-19.

Study Design: Case series. Read More

OTO Open 2021 Jul-Sep;5(3):2473974X211036394. Epub 2021 Aug 10.

Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Objective: To analyze specific intralaryngeal findings associated with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA).

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary referral center. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Aug 11;14(8). Epub 2021 Aug 11.

Paediatrics, Leicester Childrens' Hospital, Leicester, UK

We describe a case of a 15-year-old girl diagnosed with relapsing polychondritis (RP) with involvement of the tracheobronchial tree, resulting in an increased difficulty in breathing, hoarseness of voice and stridor.Her case required the input of multiple specialities including ear, nose and throat, rheumatology, respiratory team and intensive care. Airway assessment and imaging showed glottic and subglottic stenosis and left bronchomalacia. Read More

Laryngoscope 2022 03 3;132(3):612-618. Epub 2021 Aug 3.

Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Objectives/hypothesis: Anterior glottic stenosis (AGS) results from surgical intervention, carcinoma, papillomatosis, congenital, or idiopathic causes. It may be present as elastic web or fibrotic scar. It impairs vocal function and glottic airway. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021 Aug;35(8):702-706

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery，Beijing Tongren Hospital，Capital Medical University.

To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a thyroid cartilage window resection（TCWR） technique for transoral CO₂ laser resection of early glottic cancer with involvement of the anterior commissure. Twenty-one patient who underwent a TCWR technique for transoral CO₂ laser resection early glottic carcinoma involving the anterior commissure, were retrospectively analyzed. Indices including margin status, perioperative comorbidities, voice outcomes, local control rate and recurrence free survival, were assessed. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2021 Jul;30(7):879-880

Department of Anaesthesiology, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Ireland.

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022 04 15;166(4):712-719. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Objective: Iatrogenic laryngotracheal stenosis (iLTS) is the pathologic narrowing of the glottis, subglottis, and/or trachea secondary to intubation or tracheostomy related injury. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are more likely to develop iLTS. To date, the metabolomics and phenotypic expression of cell markers in fibroblasts derived from patients with T2DM and iLTS are largely unknown. Read More

JA Clin Rep 2021 Jun 9;7(1):47. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Anesthesiology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, 564-1 Shimoshizu, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741, Japan.

Background: Most patients with congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) develop respiratory symptoms early in life. CTS remaining undiagnosed until adulthood is rare.

Case Presentation: A 51-year-old female was scheduled for cardiovascular surgery. Read More

Laryngoscope 2021 12 25;131(12):2798-2804. Epub 2021 May 25.

Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.

Objectives/hypothesis: Evaluate swallowing and airway outcomes following laryngotracheoplasty with posterior grafting (LTP PCCG).

Methods: Retrospective review of pediatric patients undergoing LTP PCCG from 2016 to 2019 at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. We included demographics, indications, approach, and revision status. Read More