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BMC Nephrol 2022 May 12;23(1):181. Epub 2022 May 12.

Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Background: Bartonella endocarditis is often a diagnostic challenge due to its variable clinical manifestations, especially when it is first presented with involvement of organs other than skin and lymph nodes, such as the kidney.

Case Presentation: This was a 13-year-old girl presenting with fever, chest and abdominal pain, acute kidney injury, nephrotic-range proteinuria and low complement levels. Her kidney biopsy showed diffuse crescentic proliferative glomerulonephritis with a full-house pattern of immune complex deposition shown by immunofluorescence, which was initially considered consistent with systemic lupus erythematous-associated glomerulonephritis (lupus nephritis). Read More

Can J Kidney Health Dis 2022 2;9:20543581221097749. Epub 2022 May 2.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Rationale: Q fever is a zoonotic infection that may lead to acute or long-term renal injury. Given its rare incidence, Q fever is not often considered on the initial differential diagnosis for glomerular disease which can lead to delays in treatment. This case highlights the importance of avoiding early diagnostic closure and revisiting the differential diagnosis in the setting of an atypical clinical presentation or response to treatment. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022 04 20;16(4):e0010364. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Although Q fever has been widely reported in the rural areas of China, there is a paucity of data on the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of this disease in large metropolitan cities. In this study, we profile the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of Q fever from a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen, a Southern Chinese metropolitan city with a large immigrant population from other parts of China. A total of 14 patients were confirmed to have Q fever during a nine-year-and-six-month period, five of whom were retrospectively diagnosed during case review or incidentally picked up because of another research project on unexplained fever without localizing features. Read More

Ren Fail 2022 Dec;44(1):137-145

Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Hospital, Hirosaki, Japan.

Background: Sustained type I interferon (IFN) activation Toll-like receptor (TLR) 3, 7 and 9 signaling has been reported to play a pivotal role in the development of lupus nephritis (LN). Although type I IFN activation has been shown to induce interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expression in systemic lupus erythematosus, the implication of ISGs expression in intrinsic glomerular cells remains largely unknown.

Methods: We treated cultured human glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly IC), R848, and CpG (TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9 agonists, respectively) and analyzed the expression of DExD/H-Box Helicase 60 (DDX60), a representative ISG, using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Read More

Cureus 2022 Feb 16;14(2):e22284. Epub 2022 Feb 16.

Internal Medicine, Hackensack Meridian Health, Ocean University Medical Center, Brick, USA.

Warfarin is associated with anticoagulant-related nephropathy (ARN), one of the potential side effects. This is evidenced by a progressively increasing number of detected cases of deterioration in the kidney function even in patients with normal baseline function (GFR {glomerular filtration rate}) in addition to the chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients who are already vulnerable to ARN. There has been a clinical correlation in a rapid decline of kidney function and international normalized ratio (INR) levels of greater than three. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2022 03 15;23(1):103. Epub 2022 Mar 15.

Internal Medicine Department, King Hamad University Hospital, Muharraq, Kingdom of Bahrain.

Background: Immunotactoid Glomerulopathy (ITG) is an exceedingly rare type of glomerulopathy characterised by distinctive electron microscopic features. ITG has been linked to lymphoproliferative or autoimmune disorders. The clinical manifestations are diverse including nephrotic syndrome (NS), haematuria, acute kidney injury and end stage renal failure (ESRD). Read More

Clin Exp Nephrol 2022 Jun 9;26(6):561-570. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.

Background: Patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy who present with focal mesangial proliferation (focal IgAN) can have a relatively good prognosis, and renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RAS-i) is commonly used as the initial treatment. However, there are some complicated focal IgAN cases with resistance to RAS-i treatment or nephrotic-range proteinuria. Thus, combination therapy including corticosteroids is often used. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2021 May-Jun;32(3):806-814

Department of Nephrology, Government Medical College and Super Speciality Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

The pattern of glomerular disease differs in incidence among the different geographical areas because of ethnicity, genetic variability, environmental factors, and socioeconomic conditions. The prevalence of pattern glomerular diseases varies from different parts of the world and from within the same country, the current study was performed to show the frequency of occurrence of primary and secondary glomerular disease (SGD) observed in a tertiary care hospital catering to patients from central India. In a retrospective study, we analyzed the clinical and pathological data of 176 kidney biopsies that were performed from 2016 to 2019 at the Department of Nephrology Super Speciality Hospital in Nagpur. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2021 May-Jun;32(3):680-690

Department of Nephrology, Nizams Institute Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Full-house staining of glomeruli in renal pathology is highly suggestive of lupus nephritis. Other nonlupus entities can also present with a similar pattern on immune fluorescence. Different authors have used different names for this new entity with full house staining on immunofluorescence (IF) with negative serology for lupus. Read More

J Microsc Ultrastruct 2021 Oct-Dec;9(4):177-182. Epub 2021 Feb 9.

Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Introduction: Immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy is an essential tool for the analysis of glomerular diseases. In this study, we studied the significance of the IF technique together with light microscopy (LM) and clinical details in the diagnosis of different types of diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN). We intended to evaluate the spectrum of Diffuse Proliferative Glomerulonephritis (DPGN) in our institute. Read More

CEN Case Rep 2022 Jan 13. Epub 2022 Jan 13.

Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.

Glomerular capillary aneurysms are distinctly rare and specific glomerular lesions characterized by aneurysmal dilatation of the glomerular capillaries. This formation is associated with glomerular capillary injuries with focal mesangiolysis. Here, we report a case of proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin G deposits (PGNMID) presenting with multiple glomerular capillary microaneurysms. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2021 Mar-Apr;32(2):364-370

Department of Nephrology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India.

This study was conducted to retrospectively investigate the indications for renal biopsy in the native kidneys of children and to analyze the pathological findings in a single tertiary care hospital in North-East India for the past 12 years. All children (≤18 years) who underwent renal biopsy at our hospital from March 2007 to April 2018 were included. Renal tissue specimens were studied under light and immunofluorescence microscopy. Read More

Mymensingh Med J 2022 Jan;31(1):80-87

Dr Abu Zafor Md Salahuddin, Registrar, Department of Nephrology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh; E-mail:

Glomerular disease is one of the most important causes of chronic kidney disease in developing countries like Bangladesh as well as the whole world. The pattern of glomerular disease varies in different countries and can have different clinical presentations. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical profile and to determine the histological pattern of glomerular diseases in a large tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Read More

Cureus 2021 Oct 29;13(10):e19110. Epub 2021 Oct 29.

Nephrology, Maimonides Medical Center, New York, USA.

A 60-year-old Polish male with a history of alcoholism, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma presented via a referral from his primary medical doctor to the emergency room with respiratory distress, acute kidney injury (AKI), and a purpuric rash on both lower extremities. He had received a total of 16 doses of Nivolumab for hepatocellular carcinoma. He had a baseline serum creatinine of 1. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2021 Dec 2:1-2. Epub 2021 Dec 2.

Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

This report highlights the association of tacrolimus use with acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN). A 27-year-old woman, a known case of diffuse proliferative membranous glomerulonephritis, developed abnormal body movements, loss of consciousness, and blurring of vision in the left eye, after 3 months of starting tacrolimus. Blood investigations revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia, raised urea and creatinine levels, and raised LDH levels. Read More

Clin Nephrol 2022 Feb;97(2):121-128

TAFRO syndrome is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder that is characterized by thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly. Progressive renal involvement is frequently observed in patients with TAFRO syndrome, and the renal histological findings remain limited. A 52-year-old man with thymoma that was detected by chest computed tomography was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea and abdominal distension. Read More

Semin Immunopathol 2021 10 21;43(5):691-705. Epub 2021 Oct 21.

Department of Nephrology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Kidney biopsy is the cornerstone for the diagnosis of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). The immunofluorescence technique evidences the IgA deposits in the glomeruli; the routine histology shows degree of active and chronic renal lesions. The spectrum of renal lesions is highly variable, ranging from minor or no detectable lesions to diffuse proliferative or crescentic lesions. Read More

Clin Nephrol 2022 Jan;97(1):53-56

Diffuse crescentic involvement in fibrillary glomerulonephritis (FGN) is very rare. We describe a case of FGN with diffuse crescents in a patient who presented with clinical findings concerning for rapidly progressive kidney failure and pathologic findings suggestive of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease. Serologies for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and anti-GBM were negative. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 Sep 16;10(18). Epub 2021 Sep 16.

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.

Immunoglobulin M nephropathy (IgMN) is an idiopathic glomerulonephritis characterized by diffuse deposits of IgM in the glomerular mesangium. However, its renal prognosis remains unknown. We compared renal outcomes of IgMN patients with those of patients with minimal change disease (MCD), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), or mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) from a prospective observational cohort, with 1791 patients undergoing native kidney biopsy in eight hospitals affiliated with The Catholic University of Korea between December 2014 and October 2020. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2021 11 18;36(11):3789-3793. Epub 2021 Aug 18.

Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Di Milano, Via Commenda 9, 20122, Milan, Italy.

Background: Histological findings of kidney involvement have been rarely reported in pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we describe clinical, laboratory, and histological findings of two pediatric cases with almost exclusive kidney involvement by SARS-CoV-2.

Results: A 10-year-old girl with IgA vasculitis nephritis underwent kidney biopsy, showing diffuse and segmental mesangial-proliferative glomerulonephritis, and steroid therapy was initiated. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2020 Dec 4;36(12):4023-4026. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 May;100(20):e26022

Clinic of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Laiko Hospital'.

Abstract: Fibrillary glomerulonephritis (FGN) is a diverse glomerular disease with poor renal prognosis. The optimal therapeutic approach remains undetermined, as treatment outcomes vary across different studies.We retrospectively reviewed the medical data of 10 patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven FGN at our center between 2004 and 2019. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Apr 23;14(4). Epub 2021 Apr 23.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.

Crescentic glomerulonephritis is usually associated with an acute nephritic syndrome with rapidly declining renal function. Postinfectious cases usually have a higher possibility of recovery. Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare, locally aggressive tumour affecting mostly young men. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2021 04 21;22(1):143. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Renal Division, Department of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.

Background: C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a recent disease classification that is characterized by the presence of glomerular deposits (composed of C3) in the absence of significant amounts of immunoglobulin and comprises dense deposit disease and C3 glomerulonephritis (C3GN). Most C3GN manifests as membranoproliferative, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis patterns via light microscopy. Pure membranous nephropathy (MN)-like glomerular lesions are rare manifestations of C3GN. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2021 Apr 3;15(1):186. Epub 2021 Apr 3.

Division of Nephrology, University of Massachusetts Medical School -Baystate, Springfield, MA, USA.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors and mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors have become the standard of care in patients with advanced melanoma bearing V600 mutations. However, little is known about their nephrotoxicity. To date, only two cases of anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis after exposure to checkpoint inhibitors have been documented. Read More

Front Med (Lausanne) 2020 2;7:582272. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasingly emerging as a global emergency. Sepsis, major surgery, and nephrotoxic drugs are the main causes of AKI in hospitalized patients. However, glomerulonephritis accounts for about 10% of AKI episodes in adults, mainly related to rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis resulting from granulomatous polyangiitis (GPA, Wegener granulomatosis), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease. Read More

Am J Clin Pathol 2021 Aug;156(3):399-408

Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.

Objectives: To study the pathologic spectrum of kidney diseases in patients with hepatitis C virus infection (HCV+).

Methods: Native kidney biopsy specimens in HCV+ patients were reviewed.

Results: A total of 9,836 native kidney biopsy specimens were evaluated from January 2007 to December 2016, of which 273 (2. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Feb 5;14(2). Epub 2021 Feb 5.

Research Laboratory of Renal Pathology LR00SP01, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Bab Saadoun, Tunis, Tunisia.

Renal involvement in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is rare. We present the case of a man followed for MCL presented with acute kidney injury and positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) type anti proteinase 3 (PR3). He was treated as for a rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis with cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone followed by oral prednisone. Read More

Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021 01;36(2):208-215

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN) with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMIDs) is a recently described entity among the spectrum of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS). The disease is renal limited and manifests with chronic glomerular disease, altered renal function and albuminuria, sometimes in the nephrotic range. Acute nephritic syndrome is rare. Read More

Front Pediatr 2020 27;8:580178. Epub 2020 Nov 27.

Department of Pediatrics, Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

Congenital nephrotic syndrome, historically defined by the onset of large proteinuria during the first 3 months of life, is a rare clinical disorder, generally with poor outcome. It is caused by pathogenic variants in genes associated with this syndrome or by fetal infections disrupting podocyte and/or glomerular basement membrane integrity. Here we describe an infant with congenital CMV infection and nephrotic syndrome that failed to respond to targeted antiviral therapy. Read More