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Front Genet 2022 1;13:877174. Epub 2022 Jun 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

It is plausible that common disease mechanisms exist in glaucoma pathophysiology. Accordingly, we investigated the genetic association of two previously reported primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)-related gene polymorphisms, rs2472493 (A > G) in and rs7636836 (C > T) in FNDC3B, in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG). TaqMan genotyping was performed in a total of 442 subjects consisting of 246 healthy controls, 102 PACG patients, and 94 PXG patients. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 May 26;23(11). Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome, a stress-induced fibrotic matrix process, is the most common recognizable cause of open-angle glaucoma worldwide. The recent identification of PEX-associated gene variants uncovered the vitamin A metabolic pathway as a factor influencing the risk of disease. In this study, we analyzed the role of the retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathway in the PEX-associated matrix metabolism and evaluated its targeting as a potential candidate for an anti-fibrotic intervention. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun;70(6):2030-2035

Glaucoma Service, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: Angle-based surgeries for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma have gained popularity in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combined phacoemulsification and goniotomy in primary open-angle and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (POAG and PXG) and ocular hypertension (OHTN).

Methods: In this interventional case series in the setting of the Glaucoma Service at the Farabi Eye Hospital, 32 eyes of 30 patients with early-to-moderate POAG and PXG and OHTN were enrolled. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun;70(6):2028-2029

Department of Ophthalmology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India.

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun;70(6):2024-2028

Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool; Genomic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to genotype two previously identified SNPs (rs1048661:R141L, and rs3825942:G153D) in the lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) gene and determine their association with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (XFG) in patients from Pune, India.

Methods: All subjects underwent detailed phenotyping, and DNA extraction was performed on blood samples by using standardized techniques. Exon 1 of the LOXL1 gene containing the SNPs (rs3825942:G153D; rs1048661:R141L) were Sanger sequenced, and the results were analyzed using sequence analysis software SeqScape 2. Read More

J Curr Ophthalmol 2022 Jan-Mar;34(1):25-29. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey.

Purpose: To investigate retrobulbar blood flow changes in the short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs) in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: In this prospective study, there were 22 eyes in the PEG group, 28 eyes in the POAG group, and 28 eyes with senile cataract in the control group. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean velocity (Vm), and resistivity index (RI) parameters of the temporal and nasal SPCAs were compared between the study groups. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Apr 30;11(9). Epub 2022 Apr 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term outcomes of canaloplasty surgery in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) patients.

Material And Methods: A total of 116 PEXG patients with an intraocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mm/Hg and maximum tolerated local medical therapy who underwent canaloplasty from February 2008 to January 2022 were considered. Every six months, all subjects underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University Turkey, Tıbbiye Caddesi, No:40, 34662, Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of uneventful cataract surgery on intraocular pressure (IOP) in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) eyes with and without a history of Mitomycin C-augmented trabeculectomy.

Methods: Eyes with PXG that had underwent uneventful cataract surgery were enrolled. The IOP and the medication numbers before cataract surgery, and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months after cataract surgery, and at the last visit were recorded in PXG with and without previous trabeculectomy. Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2022 May 9. Epub 2022 May 9.

Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey.

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the correlation between arterial hemodynamics measured by color Doppler ultrasonography and retinal microarchitecture parameters determined by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.

Methods: This prospective study included 82 participants. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell inner plexiform layer, and ganglion cell complex values were measured. Read More

Front Mol Biosci 2022 20;9:877250. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation (HERF), L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India.

Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) is characterized by the accumulation of the exfoliative material in the eye and high rates of blindness if left untreated. Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) is generally diagnosed too late due to its asymptomatic nature, necessitating the development of new effective screening tools for the early diagnosis of the disease. Thus, the increasing prevalence of this disease due to an aging population has demanded the identification of suitable biomarkers for the early detection of the disease or detection of the onset of glaucoma in the eyes with PXF. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2022 Apr 18;11(4):1410-1415. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the ocular morbidity due to delayed presentation in glaucoma patients because of COVID lockdown.

Methodology: This was a retrospective study of 15 cases presented to us between October 2020 and February 2021. Cause of glaucoma in our study group was either primary angle closure, pseudoexfoliation, lens-induced glaucoma, or neovascular glaucoma. Read More

Mol Omics 2022 Jun 13;18(5):387-396. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is a systemic disorder that manifests as a fluffy, proteinaceous fibrillar material throughout the body. In the eye, such deposits result in glaucoma (PEXG), due to impeding aqueous humor outflow. Serum lipid alterations and increased lipid peroxidation have been reported in PEX. Read More

Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2022 ;78(2):56-62

Purpose: Evaluation of the incidence of pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome and glaucoma in cataract patients operated at our Clinic, with an analysis of possible complications.

Methodology: Retrospective evaluation of medical records of PEX syndrome patients who have undergone cataract surgery at the Gemini Eye Clinic Ostrava-Hrusov was undertaken. The study period was from November 2016 to April 2021. Read More

J Glaucoma 2022 Apr 27. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

University of Health Sciences Haydarpasa Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul, Turkey.

Precis: LC thickness and LCCI had comparable diagnostic performances with RNFL thickness in distinguishing eyes with PXG from those with PXS. BMO-MRW showed the lowest diagnostic performance among all geometric parameters derived from OCT scans we evaluated.

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of different geometric parameters derived from optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans (retinal nerve fiber layer [RNFL] thickness, lamina cribrosa [LC] thickness, LC curvature index [LCCI] and Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width [BMO-MRW]) for distinguishing eyes with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) from pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) and healthy eyes. Read More

J Glaucoma 2022 Apr 27. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Precis: In the Thessaloniki Eye Study incidence phase population, frequent dietary salt intake was potentially associated with increased risk of open-angle glaucoma in antihypertensive users.

Purpose: To examine the association between dietary salt intake and glaucoma by antihypertensive use in the Thessaloniki Eye Study (TES) population.

Methods: The study population included TES incidence phase participants. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022 Apr 26;239(4):424-428. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Talacker Augen Zentrum Zürich (tazz), Zürich, Switzerland.

Purpose: To investigate intraocular pressure in eyes with intraocular lens subluxation and pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

Methods: In this retrospective study conducted at one eye centre (tazz) in Zurich, Switzerland, we reviewed 85 eyes with intraocular lens subluxation and pseudoexfoliation syndrome. Intraocular lens exchange was carried out by two surgeons between 03/2016 and 12/2019 (45 months). Read More

Sci Rep 2022 04 13;12(1):6217. Epub 2022 Apr 13.

Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.

We aimed to obtain microRNA (miRNA) profiles of patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) glaucoma or normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) compared to normal controls using individual aqueous humor (AH) samples and investigate the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of PEX glaucoma compared to NTG in Korean. AH (80-120 µl) was collected before cataract surgery or trabeculectomy from 26 Korean subjects (eleven with PEX glaucoma, age-matched eight NTG, and seven controls). RNA sequencing was conducted for RNA samples extracted from 26 AH samples. Read More

J Clin Med 2022 Mar 24;11(7). Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.

There are little epidemiologic data on exfoliation syndrome (XFS) or exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) in Guatemala, especially in the underserved Baja Verapaz region. This observational study assessing XFS/XFG and demographic factors of this region aims to better understand unique exogenous and endogenous risk factors associated with XFS/XFG in Guatemala. During Moran Eye Center's global outreach medical eye camps from 2016-2017, 181 patients age 15 years and older presented for complete eye exams. Read More

J Glaucoma 2022 Mar 29. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Prcis: Epiretinal membrane tended to deteriorate more in pseudoexfoliation eyes with than without glaucoma. Incremental change in central macular thickness induced by epiretinal membrane deterioration affected longitudinal visual function in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma eyes.

Purpose: To investigate longitudinal changes in the epiretinal membrane (ERM) and their association with glaucoma in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) and to identify factors associated with the changes in ERM and visual field (VF). Read More

Lasers Med Sci 2022 Mar 30. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Our aim was to evaluate the long-term results of micropulse laser trabeculoplasty (MLT) with 577-nm yellow wavelength in the treatment of glaucoma. We reviewed the medical records of 51 patients (51 eyes) with uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma who underwent 180° MLT for the first time. The success of MLT was defined as an IOP reduction of ≥ 20% and IOP < 21 mmHg after treatment. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2022 Mar 25. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.

Purpose: To analyse the risk of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after cataract surgery, and to identify possible risk factors.

Method: Observational cohort study of patients undergoing cataract surgery in Region Skåne, southern Sweden, during 2015-2017 were retrieved from the Swedish National Cataract Register. These were then cross-referenced with cases of retinal detachment surgery performed at the Skåne University Hospital in Lund from 2015 to 2020. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 Mar 18;23(6). Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.

Members of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family catalyze the oxidative deamination of lysine and hydroxylysine residues in collagen and elastin in the initiation step of the formation of covalent cross-links, an essential process for connective tissue maturation. Proteolysis has emerged as an important level of regulation of LOX enzymes with the cleavage of the LOX isoform by metalloproteinases of the BMP1 (bone morphogenetic protein 1) and ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) families as a model example. Lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1), an isoform associated with pelvic organ prolapse and pseudoexfoliation (PEX) glaucoma, has also been reported to be proteolytically processed by these proteases. Read More

Genes (Basel) 2022 03 10;13(3). Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia.

We investigated the association between (rs3742330) and (rs10719) polymorphisms and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and related clinical phenotypes in a Saudi cohort. In a retrospective case-control study, TaqMan real-time, PCR-based genotyping was performed in 340 participants with 246 controls and 94 PXG cases. The minor (G) allele frequency of rs3742330 in PXG (0. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022 Apr 23;239(4):435-442. Epub 2022 Mar 23.

Department of Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Purpose: To evaluate the 2-year surgical treatment outcome in glaucoma patients.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center, interventional study was performed on 160 eyes of 125 patients suffering glaucoma, including POAG (82 eyes), pseudoexfoliation (PEX) (59 eyes), pigment dispersion (8 eyes), and secondary glaucoma (2 eyes). Eyes with uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) or signs of glaucoma progression despite medical treatment were included to undergo either trabeculectomy (TE), XEN implantation, combined TE with phacoemulsification (TE + IOL), or XEN implantation with phacoemulsification surgery (XEN + IOL). Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2022 Mar 21. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Purpose: The nasal sector of the anterior chamber angle may present a higher density of collector channels, which may influence the results of angle surgeries. Considering the anatomical differences in the anterior chamber angle, we compared the results of the nasal and temporal 180° selective laser trabeculoplasty approaches for open-angle glaucoma.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients with open-angle glaucoma (primary, pseudoexfoliation, and pigmentary) who underwent at least one 180° selective laser trabeculoplasty session between December 2016 and October 2018. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022 Mar 9. Epub 2022 Mar 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to obtain insight into cellular processes after CyPass microstent implantation into the supraciliary space. With this knowledge, we expected to find some reason for surgical failure.

Methods: Nine CyPass microstents of 8 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (n = 1), pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (n = 5), uveitic glaucoma (n = 1), and posttraumatic open-angle glaucoma (n = 1) were explanted due to recurrence of IOP elevation, corneal decompensation, or persistent hypotony. Read More

Vision (Basel) 2022 Feb 8;6(1). Epub 2022 Feb 8.

2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Purpose: The present study evaluates the differences in the prevalence of the signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease (OSD) in patients with PEX glaucoma (PEXG), compared to other glaucoma types (non-PEXG).

Methods: Patients with non-PEXG and PEXG were prospectively examined for the presence and severity of OSD signs and questioned for symptoms using the OSDI (ocular surface disease index) questionnaire.

Results: 116 patients were prospectively enrolled (58 non-PEXG and 58 PEXG). Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022 Feb 24;239(2):169-176. Epub 2022 Feb 24.

Experimental Eye Research Institute, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Deutschland.

Glaucoma, a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease, is the second most common cause of blindness. Since early diagnosis facilitates timely treatment, it is therefore essential to identify appropriate markers. In the future, so-called biomarkers could be helpful in early detection and follow-up. Read More

Ophthalmol Ther 2022 Apr 24;11(2):533-545. Epub 2022 Feb 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.

Introduction: To review the existing literature about the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings regarding peripapillary and macular vessel density (VD) in patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PXG).

Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed database was conducted to include articles up to November 1, 2021, using an appropriate search algorithm. The retrieved articles were assessed for eligibility and filtered manually to exclude duplicates, while articles and book chapters cited in the reference lists of the eligible articles obtained by this method were reviewed so as not to miss any relevant studies. Read More

J Glaucoma 2022 Mar;31(3):e1-e9

Stem Cell Lab, GROW Labs, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Prcis: NOTCH signaling is significantly upregulated in the lens capsules of eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXF) but not in those with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) when compared with healthy controls.

Purpose: NOTCH signaling has neuroprotective functions and altered NOTCH signaling is associated with neurodegenerative diseases with protein aggregation such as Alzheimer disease. As PXG is also a protein aggregate disease associated with neural degeneration, NOTCH molecular expression was explored in the lens capsules of patients with PXF, PXG, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and healthy controls. Read More