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Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019 Mar;60(4):1028-1043

Aier Eye Hospital Group, Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital, Wuhan, China.

Purpose: Previous studies reported that hyperlipidemia and blood lipid levels were associated with glaucoma, ocular hypertension (OHT), and intraocular pressure (IOP). However, studies aimed at investigating this association have yielded conflicting results. Therefore, to shed light on these inconclusive findings, we performed multiple distinct meta-analyses to clarify the association of hyperlipidemia and blood lipid levels with glaucoma, OHT, and IOP. Read More

J Glaucoma 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, 1355 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.

PRéCIS:: By using OCT-A, we observed a reduction of the superficial macular, peripapillary, and optic nerve, as well as the choriocapillaris in eyes with low tension glaucoma, compared with normal controls.

Purpose: To investigate macular and optic disc vascular parameters in patients with low tension glaucoma (LTG) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, images were prospectively acquired from both eyes of 26 patients with clinically-diagnosed LTG and 22 age-matched volunteers with normal healthy eyes using the Zeiss swept-source (SS) OCTA (Plex Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec). Read More

Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2019 Jan-Feb;8(1):22-29. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States.

Purpose: To determine if a novel biomechanical parameter, corneal applanation velocity, as measured by the Corvis ST, is associated with a diagnosis of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional study.

Methods: Study and control subjects were recruited from the ophthalmology clinic of a university teaching hospital in Hong Kong over an 8-week period in 2013. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2019 15;2019:7419470. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Ophthalmology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.

Purpose: To evaluate early macular circulation in open-angle glaucoma (OAG), normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), ocular hypertension (OHT), and healthy subjects via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Medical records were reviewed, and the patients who received OCTA examinations were divided into the OAG, NTG, OHT, and normal groups. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2019 Feb 14;236(2):145-149. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Institut für Kreislaufforschung und Sportmedizin, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln.

Neuronal blood pressure control is mediated by the autonomic nervous system. In this article, physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms will be recapitulated. Blood pressure regulation aims at maintaining adequate cardiac output and a sufficient perfusion pressure for the organs. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Jan 22;20(3). Epub 2019 Jan 22.

NEUROFARBA Department, University of Florence, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs), such as dorzolamide (DZA), are used as anti-glaucoma drugs to lower intraocular pressure, but it has been found that some of these drugs act as vasodilators of retinal arteries. The exact mechanism behind the vasodilatory effect is not yet clear. Here we have addressed the issue by using small vessel myography to examine the effect of CAIs of the sulfonamide and coumarin type on the wall tension in isolated segments of porcine retinal arteries. Read More

Prev Chronic Dis 2019 01 24;16:E10. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.

J Glaucoma 2019 Mar;28(3):223-230

Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.

Objective: To compare the central corneal thickness (CCT) between different ethnicities and particularly Asian subethnic groups that may contribute to the different glaucoma diagnoses using the optical low-coherence reflectometry technique.

Methods: A retrospective study of 6 years including 1512 eyes of 929 patients of the Beckman vision center, University of California, San Francisco from 2011 to 2017 had their biometric parameters, including CCT, measured with the Lenstar. Patients were categorized into African Americans, Caucasians, Hispanics, Pacific Islanders, and Asians. Read More

Adv Ther 2019 Feb 4;36(2):333-343. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Post Marketing Surveillance Department, Kowa Company, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.

Introduction: To evaluate the safety and intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects of a ripasudil 0.4% ophthalmic solution in Japanese patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OH) as a post-marketing surveillance.

Methods: This was a 2-year prospective observational study in patients with glaucoma or OH who had not previously received ripasudil. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(1):e14044

Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul.

To evaluate the association between prelaminar tissue thickness (PLT) and peripapillary choroidal thickness (PCT) in untreated normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients.A cross-sectional study was conducted in 65 untreated NTG patients. All of the subjects were imaged with swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT, DRI OCT; Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) to obtain the horizontal scan crossing the optic nerve head center. Read More

Ophthalmologe 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Augenklinik und Augenlaserklinik Mainfranken, Am Oberen Marienbach 1, 97421, Schweinfurt, Deutschland.

Background And Objective: In this prospective randomized simple blind study, we investigated the long-term results of trabecular micro-bypass stent implantation as part of routine cataract surgery in eyes with primary chronic open-angle glaucoma. The chamber angle implants drain between the anterior chamber and the canal of Schlemm and circumvent the main outflow resistance by the trabecular meshwork.

Patients And Methods: The study included 65 eyes from 56 patients with primary chronic open-angle glaucoma with at least 2 different pressure-lowering drugs. Read More

EPMA J 2018 Dec 12;9(4):387-391. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Mittlere Strasse 91, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.

Background: There are many risk factors contributing to glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Beside increased intraocular pressure, vascular factors play a prominent role, particularly low blood pressure (BP), and vascular dysregulation. Both of them are essential components of the Flammer syndrome. Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2019 Jan - Feb;64(1):101

Adv Ther 2019 Jan 28;36(1):31-43. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

Canaloplasty is a relatively new non-penetrating surgery for the reduction of intraocular pressure in patients affected by glaucoma. The technique uses a microcatheter to perform a 360 º cannulation of Schlemm's canal and leaves in place a tension suture providing an inward distension. It aims to restore the physiological outflow pathways of the aqueous humour and is independent of external wound healing. Read More

Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019 Jan 8;20(1):115-122. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.

Introduction: Brimonidine tartrate is a commonly used eyedrop for short- and long-term lowering of intraocular pressure. Its use has been popularized due to its effects on aqueous suppression and uveoscleral outflow, as well as the suggestion of neuroprotection. Although available with alternative preservative vehicles, brimonidine is associated with high rates of local allergy and is contraindicated in breastfeeding women, neonates, young children, and the elderly due to risk of central nervous system depression. Read More

J Glaucoma 2019 Feb;28(2):154-160

Inha Vision Science Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.

Purpose: To evaluate circulatory melatonin levels by assessing nocturnal urinary excretion of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and to compare the high-tension group and the low-tension group.

Methods: This study included 80 eyes of 41 POAG patients and 87 eyes of 44 control subjects. POAG group was further classified into high-tension group and low-tension group according to the pretreatment intraocular pressure (IOP). Read More

Exp Eye Res 2019 01 9;178:186-197. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Pawinskiego 5a Street, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland. Electronic address:

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. However, the cause of retinal ganglion cell loss and damage of the optic nerve in its pathogenesis is largely unknown. The high energy demands of these cells may reflect their strong dependence on mitochondrial function and thus sensitivity to mitochondrial defects. Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2019 Jan - Feb;64(1):101-110. Epub 2018 Oct 6.

Wills Eye Hospital, Glaucoma Research Department, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Ophthalmology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Electronic address:

Surv Ophthalmol 2019 Jan - Feb;64(1):111-116. Epub 2018 Oct 6.

Wills Eye Hospital, Glaucoma Service, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Electronic address:

Curr Eye Res 2018 Oct 1:1-6. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

c School of Engineering, University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK.

Purpose: To assess the effects of prostaglandin F2α analogues travoprost on the biomechanical behavior of ex-vivo rabbit cornea.

Materials And Methods: 18 Japanese white rabbits were included in the study. The left eye (treated group, Tr) of each rabbit was preserved for 10 days in storage medium Eusol-C solution with 1:10 travoprost diluent, while the contralateral eye (control group, Co) was preserved in a similar but travoprost-free medium. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 26;96(8):e1034-e1035. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej, Denmark.

Acta Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 17;97(1):e50-e56. Epub 2018 Sep 17.

Research Group Ophthalmology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Purpose: Vascular factors have been suggested to influence the development and progression of glaucoma. They are thought to be especially relevant for normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients. We aim to investigate which vascular factors, including advanced vascular examinations, better describe patients with NTG comparing to those with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Read More

PLoS One 2018 13;13(9):e0204183. Epub 2018 Sep 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.

Purpose: To evaluate normal and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) eyes for differences in peripapillary and macular choroidal area measurements.

Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study enrolled 52 normal subjects and 35 NTG patients. Peripapillary and macular choroidal images were recorded by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT), with conversion of the luminal and interstitial areas to binary images performed using the Niblack method. Read More

Ophthalmic Res 2018 12;60(3):152-160. Epub 2018 Jun 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association of the frequency of optic disk hemorrhage (DH) and progression of normal tension glaucoma (NTG) between each group based on the location of the initial retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defect.

Methods: In this retrospective, observational cohort study, 142 NTG patients who underwent more than 5 reliable visual field tests with initial superior hemifield (group 2, n = 51), inferior hemifield (group 1, n = 44), or both hemifield (group 3, n = 47) defects were included. The number of DHs was inspected in serial optic disk photographs by 2 different ophthalmologists. Read More

PLoS One 2018 7;13(6):e0198830. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen, Germany.

Background: There is evidence that glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease involving the whole visual pathway. We prospectively examined potential benefits of volumetry of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using a new 7T scanner.

Methods: 20 patients with normal tension glaucoma and 16 control individuals were examined. Read More

PLoS One 2018 7;13(6):e0198432. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, Australia.

Background: It is reported that glaucoma may be associated with vascular dysregulation. Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), which feature different intraocular pressure levels, may manifest differential features of systemic autonomic dysregulation.

Methods And Results: We investigated autonomic regulation to carbohydrate ingestion and postural change in 37 glaucoma patients (19 NTG and 18 POAG) and 36 controls. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Jun;97(23):e11001

Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the regional variations of peripapillary choroidal thickness (PCT) in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients with a retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defect localized to a single superior or inferior hemifield. This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study.Ninety-five NTG patients and 53 normal subjects were divided into 3 groups: 34 eyes with a superior RNFL defect (group A), 61 eyes with an inferior RNFL defect (group B), and 53 normal eyes (group C). Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 05;59(6):2293-2304

Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.

Purpose: To determine a chemical agent that can reduce the aggregation of optineurin (OPTN) in cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells obtained from a patient with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) caused by an E50K mutation in the OPTN gene (OPTNE50K-NTG).

Methods: Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were created from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a healthy individual (wild-type [WT]-iPSCs) and from a patient with NTG due to OPTNE50K (E50K-iPSCs) mutation. The death of the induced RGCs was evaluated by counting the number of TUNEL- and ATH5-positive cells. Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2018 04;81(2):148-152

Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Differentiating glaucomatous from nonglaucomatous optic disc cupping remains challenging. We present a case of a 48-year-old woman with an internal carotid aneurysm of approximately 3.5 mm × 6. Read More

J Neurosurg 2018 Oct 4;129(4):1100-1103. Epub 2018 May 4.

7Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 04;59(5):2080-2089

Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: To assess if ripasudil has a neuroprotective effect using mice with excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) deletion (EAAC1 knockout [KO] mice), a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma.

Methods: Topical administration (5 μL/day) of two different concentrations of ripasudil (0.4% and 2%) were applied to EAAC1 KO mice from 5 to 12 weeks old. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 04;59(5):1897-1904

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: To validate the prediction accuracy of variational Bayes linear regression (VBLR) with two datasets external to the training dataset.

Method: The training dataset consisted of 7268 eyes of 4278 subjects from the University of Tokyo Hospital. The Japanese Archive of Multicentral Databases in Glaucoma (JAMDIG) dataset consisted of 271 eyes of 177 patients, and the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS) dataset includes 248 eyes of 173 patients, which were used for validation. Read More

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2018 04 12;18(5):25. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Purpose Of Review: A pressure difference between the intraocular and intracranial compartments at the site of the lamina cribrosa has been hypothesized to have a pathophysiological role in several optic nerve head diseases. This paper reviews the current literature on the translamina cribrosa pressure difference (TLCPD), the associated pressure gradient, and its potential pathophysiological role, as well as the methodology to assess TLCPD.

Recent Findings: For normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), initial studies indicated low intracranial pressure (ICP) while recent findings indicate that a reduced ICP is not mandatory. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 03;59(3):1313-1322

Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Purpose: To detect injury of whole brain white matter (WM) in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and to analyze the correlations between DTI parameters and glaucoma indices.

Methods: Twenty mild, 17 moderate, and 18 severe NTG patients as well as 25 normal subjects were enrolled in this study. Atlas-based diffusion tensor analysis was performed to measure the fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD). Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2018 21;12:555-559. Epub 2018 Mar 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

Purpose: There are multiple reports of the role of corneal hysteresis (CH) as an independent risk factor for the diagnosis and risk of progression of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). Our study measured CH with the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) in patients with intraocular pressure (IOP) <21 mmHg to investigate if a low CH would identify NTG in this Asian-based practice.

Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of patients who underwent routine eye examination during 2016 in a private practice in Honolulu, Hawaii, where most patients are Asian. Read More

Nutrients 2018 Mar 22;10(4). Epub 2018 Mar 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-ku, Seoul 137-701, Korea.

Glaucoma is a leading cause of loss of sight. High intraocular pressure (IOP) is the most critical risk factor. However, glaucoma develops even within a normal IOP range. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2018 Aug 12;96(5):e562-e569. Epub 2018 Mar 12.

Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital, Aarau, Switzerland.

Purpose: To investigate the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics along the entire optic nerve (ON) in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of computed tomographic (CT) cisternographies in Caucasian patients with NTG. Fifty-six patients (99 of 112 eyes) fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of NTG and underwent CT-cisternography. Read More

Rom J Ophthalmol 2017 Oct-Dec;61(4):275-283

"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.

Aim: To present diagnostic particularities, assessment of prognosis, and the need for treatment in a case of normal-tension glaucoma.

Methods: - presentation of clinical changes and investigations supporting the diagnosis; - careful anamnesis that disclosed new elements, useful for the evaluation of the case.

Results: after a two-year follow-up period, we can ascertain that the optic atrophy is non-progressive. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2018 07 1;32(7):1183-1189. Epub 2018 Mar 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Malaya Eye Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.

Objective: To assess the relationship between baseline intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), and the 5-year visual field progression in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients.

Design: Prospective, longitudinal study.

Methods: Sixty-five NTG patients who were followed up for 5 years are included in this study. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2018 05 19;32(5):924-930. Epub 2018 Feb 19.

Department of Ophthalmology,, Cantonal Hospital,, 5001, Aarau,, Switzerland.

Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is an exception in the "glaucoma family" where the major risk factor, increased intraocular pressure, is missing. If not increased intraocular pressure, then what other causes can then lead to glaucomatous optic disc change and visual field loss in NTG? Several possibilities will be discussed. Among them a higher sensitivity to normal pressure, vascular dysregulation, an abnormally high translaminar pressure gradient and a neurodegenerative process due to impaired cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in the optic nerve sheath compartment. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Jun 15;256(6):1179-1186. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

The Key Laboratory on Adaptive Optics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, China.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine and compare the changes in the retinal vasculature in eyes with high-tension glaucoma (HTG) or normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).

Methods: The right eyes of 43 HTG subjects, 33 NTG subjects, and 51 age- and sex-matched normal subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. Signals were projected from the internal limiting membrane to retinal pigment epithelium. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2018 Feb 15;235(2):146-150. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

Radiologische Klinik, Medizinische Fakultät, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn.

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness, with altogether about 70 million patients registered worldwide. These facts prompt us to reconsider currently applied concepts in overall glaucoma management. Innovative strategies of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine (PPPM) are expected to considerably improve disease prevention and personalised treatment. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2018 Feb 15;235(2):135-139. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

Universitäts-Augenklinik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum.

Glaucoma is one of the most common causes for blindness worldwide. Even if some risk factors for this disease are known, like increased intraocular pressure or increased age, its pathomechanism is still not fully understood. Multiple studies recently analyzed the role of a Helicobacter pylori infection in the glaucoma pathogenesis. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 02;59(2):693-701

Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: To compare the levels of autotaxin (ATX), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in the aqueous humor (AH) of healthy control subjects with those of patients with different subtypes of glaucoma, and also to investigate the relationship of the ATX-LPA pathway with IOP and subtype of glaucoma.

Methods: This study included 164 eyes of 164 consecutive cases of cataract and glaucoma surgery (37 healthy, 31 normal tension glaucoma, 49 primary open angle glaucoma, 28 secondary open angle glaucoma, and 19 exfoliation glaucoma). Aqueous levels of LPA, LPC, and ATX were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and a two-site immunoenzymetric assay. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 02;59(2):629-636

Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

Purpose: Sex hormones may be associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), although the mechanisms are unclear. We previously observed that gene variants involved with estrogen metabolism were collectively associated with POAG in women but not men; here we assessed gene variants related to testosterone metabolism collectively and POAG risk.

Methods: We used two datasets: one from the United States (3853 cases and 33,480 controls) and another from Australia (1155 cases and 1992 controls). Read More

Biomed Res Int 2017 17;2017:3079141. Epub 2017 Dec 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.

Aim: To measure diameter of foveal avascular zone (FAZ), FAZ area, and vessel density using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and to establish the possible role of OCT-A in diagnosis and follow-up of patients with NTG.

Methods: Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients with NTG and 30 eyes of 30 healthy subjects underwent complete ophthalmic examination as well as OCT-A on ZEISS AngioPlex. 3 × 3 macula scans were used to measure vertical, horizontal, and maximum diameter of FAZ by two graders. Read More

PLoS One 2018 31;13(1):e0191398. Epub 2018 Jan 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between tear film and meibomian gland parameters in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG), who underwent topical prostaglandin analog (PGA) monotherapy, and medication compliance.

Methods: Ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer's test, tear film break-up time (TBUT), keratoepitheliopathy (KEP) score with fluorescein, and meibomian gland parameters were assessed in 45 eyes of 45 patients with NTG (NTG group), who received topical PGA monotherapy for more than 1 year. The results were compared to those of 40 eyes of 40 normal subjects (control group). Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Feb;97(5):e9744

Science Center of Radiation and Chemical Safety and Hygiene of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Russian Federation.

Primary vascular dysregulation (PVD) is believed to be a main cause of local vasospasm and impaired autoregulation as a possible contributing factor in the pathogenesis of normal tension glaucoma (NTG). Subjects with PVD respond stronger to psychological stress. Autonomic dysfunction is another reason of instable ocular blood flow and may be studied by means of assessment of heart rate variability (HRV) especially during a hand-cold provocation test (CPT). Read More

Korean J Ophthalmol 2018 02 25;32(1):38-44. Epub 2018 Jan 25.

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: To determine the factors that influence the satisfaction of the 'ISNT rule' (neural rim width: inferior ≥ superior ≥ nasal ≥ temporal) in normal and glaucomatous eyes.

Methods: The medical records of patients that visited Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, were reviewed. Each group of normal and glaucomatous eyes was divided into subgroups based on whether or not they satisfied the ISNT rule. Read More