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BMC Med Genomics 2021 Apr 19;14(1):109. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

State Key Laboratory of Stress Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China.

Background: Drug-induced glaucoma (DIG) is a kind of serious adverse drug reaction that can cause irreversible blindness. Up-to-date, the molecular mechanism of DIG largely remains unclear yet due to the medical complexity of glaucoma onset.

Methods: In this study, we conducted data mining of tremendous historical adverse drug events and genome-wide drug-regulated gene signatures to identify glaucoma-associated drugs. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Feb 23;14(2). Epub 2021 Feb 23.

Ophthalmology, Epsom and Saint Helier Hospital NHS Trust, Carshalton, Sutton, UK.

In this case study, we explore a case of bilateral acute angle closure (AAC) attack detected in a 52-year-old female patient with no other ophthalmic background or predisposition to angle closure, following an increase of her regular sumatriptan dose used for migraine relief. Even though the initial presentation was misinterpreted as migraine attack, it nevertheless alerted the treating physicians to immediate cessation of the drug, allowing for the pertinent ocular symptomatology to be unveiled. Drug-induced bilateral AAC is a rare occurrence and can lead to significant ocular morbidity if not detected and treated early. Read More

CNS Drugs 2021 Mar 19;35(3):283-289. Epub 2021 Feb 19.

Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

This article provides a practical review of the diagnosis and management of angle closure induced by psychotropic agents, including tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics and anticonvulsants. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors and antipsychotics may trigger angle closure by influencing pupil configuration through adrenergic, anticholinergic, serotonergic or dopaminergic mechanisms. Patients with narrow iridocorneal angles are at risk, and these are more common in people with hypermetropia (near-sightedness), older people and individuals with an Asian background. Read More

Yakugaku Zasshi 2021 ;141(1):35-39

Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University.

Eyedrops often contain additives other than active pharmaceutical ingredients, such as preservatives. The most frequently used preservative is benzalkonium chloride (BAC). When the ocular surface is exposed to eyedrops, the active pharmaceutical ingredients and additives can cause corneal epithelial disorder. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Dec 17;20(1):489. Epub 2020 Dec 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.

Background: Anterior uveitis secondary to topical brimonidine administration is rare and not well-defined. In glaucoma patients using brimonidine, one must consider this phenomenon to avoid mis-diagnosis and over-treatment with topical steroids which in turn may increase intraocular pressure (IOP). This is the largest case series including the longest patient follow-up in the current literature. Read More

J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2020 Nov 3;10(1):30. Epub 2020 Nov 3.

Ophthalmology, The Alfred Hospital, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: To investigate a possible association between glaucoma and the use of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) for HIV in the Australian population.

Methods: A retrospective review of Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme data was undertaken from July 2012 to December 2016, inclusive. Three patient groups were compared: those on both topical intraocular pressure (IOP) -lowering medication and ART, those on ART only, and those on IOP-lowering medication only, using the 2016 Australian resident population to estimate prevalence. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020 12 30;163(6):1274-1280. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Objectives: To use computer-assisted quantitative measurements of upper airway changes during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) and to correlate these parameters with disease severities and physiologic changes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSA).

Design: A retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary academic medical center. Read More

Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol (Engl Ed) 2020 Jul 1;95(7):334-344. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Institut Clínic d'Oftalmologia, ICOF, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, España; Institut Oftalmològic Integral. Grup Admiravisión, Barcelona, España.

Introduction: The use of cytostatic drugs such as Mitomycin C and 5-Fluorouracil is well-known in glaucoma filtering surgery, as well as the management of its complications. However, there is a lack of information regarding the preventive measures to be taken by the professional that handles these types of substances.

Objective: Raise awareness among professionals of the risks associated with the use of cytostatic drugs without adequate prevention measures. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2020 May 29:1-4. Epub 2020 May 29.

NeURos Research Group, Escuela De Medicina Y Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad Del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.

Purpose: To report a case of a drug-induced anterior uveitis secondary to the use ofintracameral moxifloxacin.

Case Report: A 64-year-old Colombian male patient presented with severe ocular pain and photophobia in his left eye 15 days after cataract surgery. In the ophthalmology and glaucoma specialist evaluation, pigment dispersion in the anterior chamber and camerular angle, severe anterior segment inflammation, and elevated intraocular pressure were observed. Read More

J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2019 Sep-Dec;13(3):104-109

Department of Ophthalmology, UCI Health Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.

Aim: Our goal is to review current literature regarding drug-induced acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) and provide ophthalmologists and general practitioners with a thorough understanding of inciting medications and treatment pitfalls to be avoided.

Background: Drug-induced AACG is an ophthalmological emergency that ophthalmologists and general practitioners should be familiar with, given its potentially blinding consequences. Common anatomical risk factors for AACG include a shallow anterior chamber depth, short axial length, plateau iris configuration, thick lens, anteriorly positioned lens, and rarely, intraocular tumor. Read More

Vestn Oftalmol 2020 ;136(2):107-116

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia.

Glaucoma is seen as a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by optical neuropathy with associated visual field loss; one of the main risk factors for its development is increased intraocular pressure (IOP). In the case of drug-induced glaucoma (DIG), patients develop elevated IOP, optic neuropathy and visual field defects associated with the use of certain drugs. Corticosteroids are one of the most well-known classes of drugs that can cause an increase in IOP through the open-angle mechanism. Read More

Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020 Apr 10;10(4). Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

Ocular inflammation is one of the most prevalent diseases in ophthalmology, which can affect various parts of the eye or the surrounding tissues. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, are commonly used to treat ocular inflammation in the form of eye-drops. However, their bioavailability in ocular tissues is very low (less than 5%). Read More

Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2020 Jun 6;39(2):75-82. Epub 2020 Mar 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.

We examined the effects of travoprost on cell proliferation-related signals and E-cadherin expression and in order to obtain evidence to support the hypothesis that topical travoprost impairs the integrity of the corneal epithelium. A human corneal epithelial cell culture was treated with travoprost (0.4 mg/ml) and/or PD168393 (an EGF receptor inhibitor, 10 μM). Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Nov 4;19(1):213. Epub 2019 Nov 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, South Korea.

Background: To report five cases of acute drug-induced angle closure and transient myopia with ciliochoroidal effusion and to analyze angiographic findings of these cases.

Methods: This study is an observational case series. Five patients with acute drug-induced angle closure and transient myopia with ciliochoroidal effusion were examined by fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Read More

Australas J Dermatol 2020 Feb 6;61(1):e91-e93. Epub 2019 Sep 6.

Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.

Induction of psoriasis following administration of beta blocker containing eye drops has rarely been documented. We report eight cases of psoriasis triggered by timolol eye drops. Since the clinical and histopathological features of this drug reaction are indistinguishable from those of idiopathic psoriasis, a thorough drug history should be taken in all patients, especially elderly ones, with recent onset of psoriasis. Read More

Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019 May 21;8(3):47. Epub 2019 Jun 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the glaucoma drugs latanoprost, brimonidine, and the combination of both on the central corneal temperature (CT) of healthy subjects by means of infrared thermography. Changes of the central CT may reflect changes of ocular blood flow.

Methods: Before application and during 2 hours after the application of latanoprost, brimonidine, or the combination of both in one eye, the CT in both eyes of 40 healthy subjects was measured repeatedly. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 4;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Carteolol, a non-selective beta-antagonist with a potential risk of severe bronchial constriction in patients with asthma, is one of the most commonly prescribed medication for managing ocular pressure in glaucoma. We present a case of a 24-year-old woman with a history of atopy but no known asthma who presented an insidious onset of clinical manifestations compatible with drug-induced asthma after the initiation of carteolol for ocular hypertension control. The patient developed progressive chest tightness and dyspnoea for 2 months before the pulmonary function test revealed a positive bronchoprovocation response. Read More

Adv Gerontol 2019 ;32(5):781-786

Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, 2/1 Barrikadnaya str., Moscow 125993, Russian Federation, e-mail:

The article presents the literature and original data on the problems of falls in elderly patients. The connection of the fact of falling with initiation of therapy by a number of drugs known to have a negative impact on the risk of falling is considered. The article presents data on the frequency and structure of falls on the example of patients with cardiovascular diseases older than 75 years, treated in a multidisciplinary hospital. Read More

Adv Exp Med Biol 2018;1085:227-232

Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.

Drug-induced retinal toxicity can occur from the use of systemic, intravitreal, or topical medications. Despite the presence of the blood-ocular barrier, the retina is vulnerable to toxic effects of systemic medications leading to dysfunction and retinal degeneration. These toxicities can be categorized as damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor complex, vascular damage, ganglion cell or optic nerve damage, cystoid macular edema, crystalline retinopathy, uveitis, changes in color vision and electroretinography (ERG), and other miscellaneous effects. Read More

J Glaucoma 2018 09;27(9):e145-e147

Department of Ophthalmology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Great Neck.

Purpose: We describe a case of bilateral angle closure glaucoma following the infusion of daratumumab, a monoclonal antibody used to treat relapsing multiple myeloma.

Methods: This is an interventional case report.

Results: A 59-year-old woman presented with bilateral angle closure glaucoma one day following her first infusion of daratumumab. Read More

Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2018 Apr;26(1):44-47

Monika Bilewicz-Stebel, MD Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Allergology, Curie-Skłodowskiej 10, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland, School of Public Health Medical University of Silesia in Katowice 40-027 Katowice, Poland;

Drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DI-LE) is an autoimmune condition secondary to a recent pharmacological intervention. There are no established specific diagnostic criteria for DI-LE, and the disease is recognized based on the medical history of the patient. Typically, the onset is closely related to a recent drug exposure, and the disease terminates after discontinuation of the inducing factor. Read More

Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018 04 14;84(4):796-799. Epub 2018 Jan 14.

Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic.

Topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI), used for treatment of glaucoma, are generally regarded as safe and unconnected with systemic side effects. We report an unusual case of fatigue, metabolic acidosis, and normocytic anaemia associated with ocular administration of the CAI, dorzolamide, in a patient with impaired renal function. In chronic kidney disease, where CAI elimination may be decreased, and patients prone to develop metabolic acidosis, systemic absorption of ocular administered CAI could lead to rare, but potentially serious adverse reaction, that are a consequence of inhibition of extraocular carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes. Read More

Orv Hetil 2017 Dec;158(50):1998-2002

Szemészeti Klinika, Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar Szeged, Korányi fasor 10-11., 6720.

Sulpha drugs are widely employed in medicine for various diseases and disorders. During the last several decades, numerous papers had been published on supra ciliary and posterior choroidal effusion likely presenting as an idiosyncratic effect of these drugs especially of acetazolamide. In each publication, the effusion was associated with either an acute angle-closure glaucoma or transitory myopia or both of these as leading symptoms. Read More

J Glaucoma 2018 02;27(2):e40-e43

Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, and University of California, Irvine, CA.

Purpose Of The Study: The purpose of this study was to report a novel case of drug-induced angle-closure from aripiprazole (Abilify), an atypical antipsychotic, and propose a mechanism for this association.

Methods/results: We report a case of a 45-year-old white woman who presented in subacute angle closure 2 months after initiating aripiprazole 5 mg daily for depression. This patient reported no prior ocular history and had been on longstanding duloxetine (Cymbalta) 60 mg daily for over 10 years before starting aripiprazole. Read More

Vestn Oftalmol 2017;133(4):31-36

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8/2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow, Russia, 119991.

Aim: To determine the effect of drug-induced stress-relief tests on biomechanical properties of the ocular fibrous tunic in eyes with early, moderate, or advanced primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Material And Methods: A total of 202 eyes of 150 patients with POAG of different severity (early, moderate, or advanced) and 36 eyes of 30 healthy controls were examined. The mean patient age was 62±8. Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2018 May - Jun;63(3):347-364. Epub 2017 Sep 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st University Eye Clinic, G. Gennimatas General Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Iris cysts, both primary and secondary, are a diagnostic and treatment challenge. Primary cysts arise either from the iris pigment epithelium or the iris stroma. Posterior pigment epithelial cysts are subdivided according to their location as central, midzonal, and peripheral. Read More

J Glaucoma 2017 Oct;26(10):954-956

*Department of Ophthalmology, The Alfred Hospital ‡Departments of Ophthalmology and Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne §Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne †Discipline of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Purpose: To describe a unique case of drug-induced transient myopia with angle-closure glaucoma in a patient being treated with zolmitriptan for migraines.

Methods: A 42-year-old woman who had been using increasing amounts of zolmitriptan over the previous 12 months presented with an acute myopic shift and raised intraocular pressures (IOP) with anterior chamber shallowing. Clinical examination findings at presentation and at follow-up visits were reviewed. Read More