Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2020 Jun 29;83(3):215-224. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Purpose: Our initial goal was to compare the efficacy and safety of a glaucoma drainage device and trabeculectomy for children with primary congenital glaucoma after angular surgery failure. However, we discontinued the study due to the rate of complications and wrote this report to describe the results obtained with the two techniques in this particular group.

Methods: This was a parallel, non-masked, controlled trial that included patients aged 0-13 years who had undergone previous trabeculotomy or goniotomy and presented inadequately controlled glaucoma with an intraocular pressure ≥21 mmHg on maximum tolerated medical therapy. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2020 May 28. Epub 2020 May 28.

The Eye Foundation, R.S. Puram, Coimbatore, India.

Introduction: The Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI) is a low-cost glaucoma drainage device that is modelled on the Baerveldt glaucoma implant. Studies on AADI have reported absolute success rates of 41.8-93. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2020 May 21. Epub 2020 May 21.

University of Toronto, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Toronto, Canada.

Purpose: To evaluate 4-year outcomes of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in eyes with prior glaucoma surgery.

Design: Retrospective, comparative case series METHODS: Patients with prior trabeculectomy or glaucoma-drainage-device (GDD) implantation, who later underwent DMEK (study group) were matched for follow-up duration with Fuch's dystrophy DMEK patients (control group). Minimum follow-up was 18 months. Read More

J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2019 Sep-Dec;13(3):110-112

Department of Ophthalmology, Glaucoma Research Center, Montchoisi Clinic, Swiss Visio, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Aim: Glaucoma drainage device (GDD) failure is usually rectified by the replacement of the entire device or using a tube extender, both of which were associated with postoperative complications. To minimize these risks, we developed a technique to replace the failing section of a tube while keeping the filtration plate in place, and without resorting to an extender clip.

Background: We describe the case of a 69-year-old man, whose left posttraumatic glaucoma was initially treated with a XEN-augmented Baerveldt procedure. Read More

J Glaucoma 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Precis: In eyes with uveitis and a history of fluocinolone acetonide implantation, glaucoma drainage implants provides excellent long-term control of intraocular pressure.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term control of intraocular pressure achieved by glaucoma drainage implants (GDI) in uveitic eyes with glaucoma and a fluocinolone acetonide implant (FA; Retisert, Bausch and Lomb, Rochester, NY).

Patients And Methods: Retrospective case series of 56 eyes from 37 patients with a history of non-infectious posterior uveitis who underwent both FA implantation and GDI surgery at the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute between April 2001 and April 2017. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 May 13;13(5). Epub 2020 May 13.

VST Center for Glaucoma Care, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India

A 5-year-old boy with failed combined trabeculotomy and trabeculectomy underwent Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation and presented 5 weeks postoperatively, with sudden onset proptosis downward displacement of the globe, limited extraocular movements and displacement of tube from anterior chamber. CT scan of the orbits showed a large cystic bleb with posterior dislocation of the implant and was explanted. In vitro testing of implant for fluid flow characteristics revealed a dysfunctional valve with anterior leak, which could have possibly lead to anterior and inferior fluid accumulation resulting in displacement of implant, a probable cause for this rare complication. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020 May 6. Epub 2020 May 6.

Glaucoma Research Center, Montchoisi Clinic, Swiss Visio, 1006, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Purpose: To evaluate outcomes of XEN-augmented Baerveldt drainage device implantation in refractory glaucoma and factors predicting surgical success.

Method: All eyes undergoing XEN-augmented Baerveldt for refractory open-angle glaucoma at a tertiary glaucoma centre between January 2016 and November 2017 were retrospectively enrolled. Intraocular pressure (IOP), number of anti-glaucomatous medications and postoperative adverse events (AEs) were analysed for 1 year postoperatively. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2020 May 4. Epub 2020 May 4.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term outcome of patients with iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome who underwent Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation surgery for uncontrolled glaucoma.

Methods: Eighteen patients who suffered from unilateral ICE syndrome with uncontrolled glaucoma and subsequently underwent Ahmed aqueous shunt surgery at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between January 2008 and December 2016 were reviewed. Outcome measures included intraocular pressure (IOP), the use of glaucoma medications, visual acuity, further surgical interventions, and surgical complications. Read More

J Glaucoma 2020 May 1. Epub 2020 May 1.

L V Prasad Eye Institute, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, India.

Purpose: To report the two-year surgical outcomes in terms of efficacy and safety of the relatively new, indigenously manufactured, low-cost non-valved drainage device Aurolab Aqueous Drainage Implant (AADI) in the management of refractory glaucomas in the Indian population.

Methods: Retrospective review of consecutive patients >12years, who underwent non-valved glaucoma drainage device surgery (GDD) via AADI, by a single fellowship-trained surgeon, between January 2014 and January 2018, who had at least 12 months of documented post-operative follow-up.

Outcome Measures: Primary - intra-ocular pressure (IOP)Secondary - number of anti-glaucoma medication (AGM), LogMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and complications. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 May 1;20(1):172. Epub 2020 May 1.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.

Background: The surgical management of glaucoma associated with Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome (ARS) is poorly described in the literature. The goal of this study is to compare the effectiveness of various glaucoma surgeries on intraocular pressure (IOP) management in ARS.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study at a university hospital-based practice of patients diagnosed with ARS between 1973 and 2018. Read More

J Glaucoma 2020 Apr 24. Epub 2020 Apr 24.

Penn State Eye Center, 500 University Drive, UPC I, Suite 800, Hershey, PA 17033.

Purpose: To report a case of Propionibacterium acnes endophthalmitis in a patient with a Baerveldt glaucoma implant.

Patient And Method: An 8-year-old boy presented with left eye pain, extreme photophobia, and acute anterior uveitis > 6 months after Baerveldt glaucoma implantation. A diagnosis of P. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2020 Apr 11. Epub 2020 Apr 11.

Duke University Department of Ophthalmology, Durham, NC.

Purpose: To describe the patient characteristics and clinical course of an unusual reticular pattern of bullous epithelial corneal edema in a series of patients treated with netarsudil.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: Case series at a single academic center wherein treatment with netarsudil produced a particular pattern of bullous epithelial corneal edema. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020 Jun 20;18:100671. Epub 2020 Mar 20.

Ross Eye Institute, University at Buffalo, 1176 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, USA.

Purpose: To highlight a rare case of fulminant endophthalmitis in the late post-operative stage after glaucoma drainage device implantation without evidence of device exposure, and to share the unique management that resulted in successful restoration of vision and intraocular pressure control.

Observations: Endophthalmitis after glaucoma drainage implantation (GDI) is a rare complication most often associated with exposure of the device. Management options are limited, but removal of GDI is a common approach in the setting of an exposed implant. Read More

J Cataract Refract Surg 2020 Apr 3. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

From the Ruhr University Eye Hospital, Bochum, Germany. Trial sponsored by MicroOptx, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

A novel microinvasive glaucoma surgery device, the Beacon Aqueous Microshunt (BAM), drains aqueous humor directly from the anterior chamber to the surface of the eye vs draining to enclosed spaces within the eye, where outflow resistance, including the episcleral venous pressure, might limit drainage effectiveness. The BAM has a 0.030 mm by 0. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2020 Mar 26. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: To determine the change in global and regional Humphrey visual field (VF) after glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation over 3-year follow-up.

Design: Retrospective interventional case series METHODS: Patients undergoing GDD placement from 2010-2015 with reliable preoperative and yearly postoperative VF measurements were included. Clinical parameters were compared between preoperative and follow-up visits, including visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications, global VF metrics (mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study (CIGTS) score on total deviation probability (CIGTS_TDP) and pattern deviation probability (CIGTS_PDP)), and regional metrics (regional total deviation (TD), regional pattern deviation (PD), and regional CIGTS_TDP and CIGTS_PDP). Read More

Case Rep Ophthalmol Med 2020 2;2020:6878025. Epub 2020 Mar 2.

UCSF Department of Ophthalmology, USA.

Purpose: Tube exposure can lead to vision-threatening consequences and requires prompt surgical attention. Posterior repositioning of the tube to the pars plana has previously been reported as a successful technique. However, this method requires a pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020 Jun 16;18:100596. Epub 2020 Jan 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, USA.

Purpose: To present a case of a unique complication of an Ahmed glaucoma shunt. The pathological and immunohistochemical findings will also be discussed.

Observations: A 58-year-old woman with glaucoma secondary to Marfan syndrome and cataract surgery developed exposure of an Ahmed glaucoma tube, intraluminal white inflammatory material, and low-grade endophthalmitis five years after insertion. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Mar 18. Epub 2020 Mar 18.

Serviço de Oftalmologia, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal.

Purpose: The Baerveldt-XEN technique is intended to reduce the risk of early hypotony after Baerveldt implant, while keeping a good long-term intra-ocular pressure (IOP) control. The aim of this study is to discuss the surgical success rate of the Baerveldt-XEN and compare it with the commercially available flow-restrictor device (Ahmed glaucoma valve - AGV).

Methods: Single-centre, cohort study. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2020 Mar 18:1120672120912383. Epub 2020 Mar 18.

Glaucoma Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: The Aurolab aqueous drainage implant is a low-cost alternative to the Baerveldt glaucoma implant. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the two implants are comparable in terms of surgical success and safety.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study of Aurolab aqueous drainage implant done at our institution from May 2015 and May 2017. Read More

Oman J Ophthalmol 2020 Jan-Apr;13(1):40-42. Epub 2020 Feb 17.

Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

With the advent of nonpenetrating glaucoma surgeries (NPGS), these techniques are noticed more considerably by glaucoma surgeons due to lower complications in comparison to penetrating surgeries with comparable outcomes. One of the main objectives in these surgeries is the creation of an intrascleral filtering space as an alternative for subconjunctival filtering bleb. Intrascleral fibrosis in the long term reduces the volume of intrascleral bleb, so the use of implants as a space holder for preventing the collapse of scleral flaps and continued aqueous humor drainage is recommended. Read More

Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2019 Oct-Dec;26(4):229-234. Epub 2020 Jan 29.

Department of Ophthalmology, Advance Eyecare of New York, New York, NY, USA.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the postoperative course after the ab interno XEN45 Gel Stent implantation in Black and Afro-Latino, patients with glaucoma.

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective study. All patients with glaucoma who underwent ab interno XEN implantation were included in the study. Read More

Ophthalmol Ther 2020 Jun 9;9(2):279-291. Epub 2020 Mar 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.

Purpose: To quantify the effects of modified Ahmed glaucoma valves (AGV) with anti-fibrotic plate coatings or a plate surface micro-pattern on outflow resistance and tissue response.

Methods: Twelve New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups: commercially available AGV implants (n = 3), AGV with hydrophilic coating (n = 3), AGV with heparin coating (n = 3), and AGV with a plate surface micro-pattern (n = 3). After 6 weeks, the anterior chamber silicone tube was cannulated in situ and perfused with 2. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 5;258(6):1227-1236. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50924, Cologne, Germany.

Purpose: Structural reversal of disc cupping is a known phenomenon after trabeculectomy. The aim of this retrospective, longitudinal, cross-sectional analysis was to evaluate the postoperative dynamics of Bruch's membrane opening-based morphometrics of the optic nerve head following glaucoma drainage device surgery.

Methods: Forty-three eyes, treated by glaucoma drainage device surgery, were included in the study. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2020 20;14:501-508. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Western University Canada, Schulich School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London, ON, Canada.

Background: Glaucoma surgical management has evolved significantly with the introduction of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery. Our aim was to evaluate trends in Canadian glaucoma surgery billing code usage as a surrogate index of the current impact of this new technology in Canada's publicly funded health-care system.

Methods: Retrospective administrative health records analysis of all patients who underwent a publicly funded glaucoma filtration procedure from January 2003 to December 2016 in the 6 largest Canadian provinces. Read More

J Glaucoma 2020 Mar;29(3):155-160

Glaucoma Research Center, Montchoisi Clinic, Swiss Visio Network, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Introduction: Corneal integrity has long been a preoccupation of glaucoma surgeons considering glaucoma drainage device surgery or antimetabolite-enhanced trabeculectomy. Despite having demonstrated a good safety profile and significant intraocular pressure-lowering capacities, the impact of XEN gel stents on endothelial density was never specifically investigated. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of XEN gel stents on central endothelial cell density (ECD) over 24 months. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020 Feb 26. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, USA.

Purpose: To determine the degree and rate of ptosis in patients undergoing glaucoma and cataract surgery.

Methods: Patients undergoing cataract extraction (CE), trabeculectomy, or glaucoma drainage device (GDD) placement, or a combination, were consecutively enrolled by a sole surgeon. Eyelid measurements, including margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) and levator function, were obtained preoperatively and at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 25;40(6):1517-1529. Epub 2020 Feb 25.

Glaucoma Department, Istanbul Eye Hospital, Bahcelievler, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background And Objective: This study aimed to compare the 1-year postoperative phacoemulsification-trabeculectomy (P-Trab) and phacoemulsification-ExPRESS (P-200 model) miniature shunt (P-ExPRESS) combined surgeries.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, comparative clinical study investigated 41 eyes of 41 patients diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma and cataract. Of these, 21 eyes underwent P-Trab surgery and 20 eyes underwent P-ExPRESS surgery. Read More

J Glaucoma 2020 May;29(5):401-405

Augen Zentrum Eyes Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and safety of a glaucoma procedure to control intraocular pressure (IOP) using the adjustable eyeWatch glaucoma drainage device compared with Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) in refractory glaucoma.

Patients And Methods: Monocentric, retrospective, comparative clinical trial. Patients suffering from refractory glaucoma after failed surgeries and requiring a further glaucoma procedure including an aqueous shunt were enrolled in this study. Read More

J AAPOS 2020 Feb 22. Epub 2020 Feb 22.

Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. Electronic address:

Purpose: To investigate the magnitude of reduction in the axial length (AL) and corneal diameter following glaucoma drainage device (GDD) placement and intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in glaucoma patients <3 years of age at surgery.

Method: The medical records of consecutive childhood glaucoma patients who underwent GDD implantation at a single practice between 2013 and 2018 and were <3 years of age at surgery were reviewed retrospectively. Demographics, glaucoma diagnoses, surgical details, and pre- and post-procedure measurements of AL, IOP, corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, presence of corneal edema, and cup:disk ratio were analyzed. Read More

Curr Eye Res 2020 Feb 23:1-7. Epub 2020 Feb 23.

The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a silicone tube miniature drainage device implanted under scleral flap for the surgical treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).: This is a non-randomized prospective study. Patients with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were analyzed. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 Feb 22;20(1):66. Epub 2020 Feb 22.

Clínica Virgen de Luján, Sevilla, Spain.

Background: Glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation in the anterior chamber are associated with corneal complications. We describe a novel technique to implant GDD tubes in the posterior chamber of pseudophakic eyes.

Methods: Ten patients with glaucoma who required GDD tube implantation were included. Read More

J Ophthalmol 2019 20;2019:5134190. Epub 2019 Dec 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt.

Purpose: To compare safety and efficacy between a low-cost glaucoma drainage device (GDD), the Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI), and the Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) in refractory childhood glaucoma in Egypt.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients who received either an AADI or BGI at a tertiary care postgraduate teaching institute. Children aged <16 years with uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) with or without prior failed trabeculectomy who completed a minimum 6-month follow-up were included. Read More

Strabismus 2020 Feb 21:1-6. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.

: To quantify the amount of insertion shift after disinsertion of the rectus muscles and identify factors that may influence the shift.: Patients who underwent rectus muscle surgery between November 2018 and April 2019 were included. During surgery, the limbal-insertion distance (LID) distance was measured in millimeters with calipers from the limbus to the center of the insertion at the anterior border of the rectus muscle prior to and after disinsertion. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2020 Jun 20;40(6):1359-1366. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Glaucoma Services, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Patia, Bhubaneswar, India.

Aim: To compare the outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) pediatric FP8 versus the large-sized adult FP7 implants in an adult secondary glaucoma.

Methods: Patients who underwent AGV implantation from January 2011 to December 2016 for adult secondary glaucoma (due to causes other than post-vitreoretinal/buckle surgery glaucoma) with a follow-up of 6 months were included for this retrospective study. Success was defined as IOP > 6 mm Hg and < 21 mm Hg without any loss of vision, with or without the need of anti-glaucoma medications or additional procedures for control of IOP. Read More

JAMA Ophthalmol 2020 Feb 20. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago.

Importance: Glaucoma care for prison inmates is underrepresented in the literature even though managing the treatment of such patients may provide unique challenges.

Objectives: To evaluate the glaucoma profile of prison inmates treated at an academic ophthalmology center and to report on the medical and surgical management and follow-up metrics.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study assessed data from 82 incarcerated patients treated at the glaucoma clinic, an academic referral center at the University of Illinois at Chicago, between January 2013 and December 2017. Read More

Ophthalmol Ther 2020 Mar 15;9(1):149-157. Epub 2020 Feb 15.

Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK.

Purpose: The Xen® Gel Stent (Allergan, Irvine, CA, USA) is a minimally invasive glaucoma surgery device implanted to reduce intra-ocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma. The stents can fail to drain post-operatively due to scarring of the conjunctiva around the stent opening. Data on the success rates of revision surgery in patients with Xen stent failure are scarce. Read More

J Glaucoma 2020 Apr;29(4):252-257

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.

Precis: At 1-year postoperative follow-up, concurrent placement of a dexamethasone intravitreal implant and glaucoma drainage device effectively controlled intraocular pressure (IOP) and inflammation in eyes with uveitic glaucoma with no changes in systemic immunomodulatory therapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess 1-year postoperative outcomes in eyes with uncontrolled uveitic glaucoma following concurrent placement of a dexamethasone intravitreal implant and glaucoma drainage device.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective, observational case series of patients with chronic, noninfectious uveitis and uveitic glaucoma uncontrolled on maximal tolerated medical therapy with at least 1-year postoperative follow-up. Read More

J AAPOS 2020 Jan 15. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

A 56-year-old woman with pseudophakia and glaucoma was referred because of left eye hypotropia and esotropia noted following superotemporal Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in that eye. Examination suggested left heavy eye syndrome, and it was confirmed the patient had high axial myopia before her cataract surgeries. Both nasal displacement of the left superior rectus muscle and inferior displacement of the left lateral rectus muscle were noted intraoperatively. Read More

J AAPOS 2020 Feb 7;24(1):25.e1-25.e6. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

Glaucoma Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address:

Purpose: To report the incidence and outcomes of suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SCH) associated with pediatric glaucoma surgery.

Method: The medical records of pediatric patients (<18 years of age) who had undergone glaucoma surgery and developed SCH from June 2014 to September 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. In all cases, the SCH was suspected clinically and was confirmed by B-scan ultrasound. Read More

Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2020 Mar;31(2):132-138

New York University Langone Health, New York, New York, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This review will provide an update on surgical techniques, outcomes, and complications for two new translimbal bleb-forming surgical glaucoma devices.

Recent Findings: The XEN Gel Microstent and PreserFlo MicroShunt comprise a category of subconjunctival microinvasive glaucoma surgery developed with the aim of improving the predictability and safety profile of bleb-forming procedures. Both devices are made of noninflammatory material which limits postsurgical inflammation and scarring and have a valve-less intrinsic flow-limiting design, which decreases the risk of hypotony. Read More

Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2020 Mar;31(2):114-122

Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Glaucoma management during pregnancy is a complex challenge, which requires balancing the clinical disease of the mother with the potential risks of therapy to the developing child. Because systematic studies are lacking in the pregnant population, this review aims to collect the array of available data from observational studies and case reports to provide the reader with guidance and context for the safety of glaucoma interventions during pregnancy.

Recent Findings: Surgical glaucoma is a rapidly expanding field with many new technologies and procedures. Read More

Saudi J Ophthalmol 2019 Oct-Dec;33(4):420-422. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

Glaucoma Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

We report a case of intraoperative scleral avulsion that occurred during explantation of an Ahmed M4 valve. A 79-year-old female with open angle glaucoma with a history of glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation presented for routine follow-up. The ophthalmic examination indicated a focal implant exposure. Read More

Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2020 Mar;31(2):123-131

Glaucoma Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh.

Purpose Of Review: The management of pediatric glaucoma poses a unique challenge in terms of maintaining lifelong vision and combating an aggressive scarring response from surgery. Contemporary literature regarding the surgical management of children with pediatric glaucoma who fail, or are at a high risk of failure, from conventional surgery is limited. The aim of this review is to highlight recent developments in relation to the current opinion regarding the management of children with refractory pediatric glaucoma. Read More

Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2020 Mar;31(2):107-113

Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, Byers Eye Institute, Palo Alto, California, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Patients with glaucoma with disease progression despite low or normal intraocular pressure (IOP) present special challenges to the treating clinician. Treatment goals may depend on whether patients have apparent low IOP with concurrent treatment or have low IOP at baseline without treatment. We review the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to these patients. Read More

Turk J Ophthalmol 2019 12;49(6):347-355

University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Chicago, USA

Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) continues to be an important cause of visual impairment in children despite advances in medical and surgical treatment options. The progressive and blinding nature of the disease, together with the long lifespan of the affected population, necessitates a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of PCG and the development of long-lasting treatment options. The first part of this review discusses the genetic features and makeup of this disorder, including all currently identified genetic loci (GLC3A, GLC3B, GLC3C and GLC3D) and relevant protein targets important for trabecular and Schlemm canal dysgenesis. Read More

J Glaucoma 2020 Mar;29(3):184-190

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.

Precis: A meta-analysis shows that second glaucoma drainage implantation can be effective after a failed drainage implant. There is a need for continued glaucoma medications and the risk of corneal decompensation.

Purpose: Studies on second glaucoma drainage implantation are small and exploratory. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 01;68(1):234-236

Department of Glaucoma, CL Gupta Eye Institute, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

We describe a case of 34-year-old male with post penetrating keratoplasty glaucoma, post trabeculectomy with aphakia in the only seeing eye, in which a modified surgical technique of inserting Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) tube in vitreous cavity was done to reduce the risks associated with pars plana incision during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). A hybrid 20-25 gauge PPV was done concurrently, implant fixed to sclera, and tube inserted through the 25 gauge sclerotomy port in supero-temporal quadrant. Visual acuity and intraocular pressure remained stable during 1-year follow-up. Read More

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020 02 16;318(2):G313-G321. Epub 2019 Dec 16.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.

Acute kidney injury and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) are frequent complications in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. First-line treatment is terlipressin, which reverses HRS in ~40% of patients but also lowers cardiac output (CO). We aimed to investigate whether reversing the cardio-suppressive effect of terlipressin with the β-adrenoceptor agonist dobutamine would increase CO and thereby increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Dec 12;19(1):253. Epub 2019 Dec 12.

Stanley Eye Unit, Abergele Hospital, Llanfair Road Abergel Conwy, Abergele, Wales, LL22 8DP.

Background: XEN® gel stent (Allergan, Dublin/Republic of Ireland) is a relatively new microinvasive glaucoma device providing an ab-interno approach to the subconjunctival space for aqueous drainage and reduction of intraocular pressure. It is thought to be less invasive, reduce surgical time and post-operative infection rates compared with traditional glaucoma procedures. Little information however, has been published regarding complications and subsequent management. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2020 Feb 10;34(2):263-270. Epub 2019 Dec 10.

Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK.

Filtration surgery has, for the past 50 years been key in the treatment of glaucoma yet a significant issue in the long-term success of such surgery is fibrosis limiting aqueous drainage. Numerous methods have been used to reduce such scarring after filtration surgery and animal models have been important in the development of such techniques. First animal models have been central in understanding molecular and cellular changes occurring in fibrosis and thus which pathways might be valuable therapeutic. Read More